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BackgroundAutophagy has been proven to play an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma and the regulation of the airway epithelial immune microenvironment. However, a systematic analysis of the clinical importance of autophagy-related genes (ARGs) regulating the immune microenvironment in patients with asthma remains lacking.MethodsClustering based on the k-means unsupervised clustering method was performed to identify autophagy-related subtypes in asthma. ARG-related diagnostic markers in low-autophagy subtypes were screened, the infiltration of immune cells in the airway epithelium was evaluated by the CIBERSORT, and the correlation between diagnostic markers and infiltrating immune cells was analyzed. On the basis of the expression of ARGs and combined with asthma control, a risk prediction model was established and verified by experiments.ResultsA total of 66 differentially expressed ARGs and 2 subtypes were identified between mild to moderate and severe asthma. Significant differences were observed in asthma control and FEV1 reversibility between the two subtypes, and the low-autophagy subtype was closely associated with severe asthma, energy metabolism, and hormone metabolism. The autophagy gene SERPINB10 was identified as a diagnostic marker and was related to the infiltration of immune cells, such as activated mast cells and neutrophils. Combined with asthma control, a risk prediction model was constructed, the expression of five risk genes was supported by animal experiments, was established for ARGs related to the prediction model.ConclusionAutophagy plays a crucial role in the diversity and complexity of the asthma immune microenvironment and has clinical value in treatment response and prognosis.

Additional file 2: Table S2. Combined effects of stressful life events and stress management skills in southern urban Chinese allergy study.

Additional file 3: Questionnaire 1. Life Events and Allergic Disease Survey Scale.

Additional file 3: Questionnaire 1. Life Events and Allergic Disease Survey Scale.

Additional file 4: Questionnaire 2. Lifestyle Profile II.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Stress management scale items and scoring methods.

Additional file 4: Questionnaire 2. Lifestyle Profile II.

With the rapid development of large-scale and intensive livestock and poultry farming, a large number of livestock and poultry manure has been produced. If livestock and poultry manure is directly stacked or improperly disposed of, it will cause extremely serious pollution to the surrounding water, air and soil, and endanger human health. It is an effective method to dispose and utilize livestock and poultry manure properly according to local conditions. However, because of the large water content of livestock and poultry manure, most of the water in the manure needs to be removed before resource disposal. Therefore, drying livestock and poultry manure is a necessary link in the resource disposal and utilization of livestock and poultry manure. In view of the shortcoming of high energy consumption, uneven drying and low drying efficiency existing in the existing drying technology equipment for livestock and poultry manure, on the basis of overall design and working principle analysis of the livestock and poultry manure dryer, innovative designs are made in the following aspects: improving the efficiency of material transportation from the sloping spiral feeding device; at the bottom of the feed box, seepage holes are equipped with, which can preliminarily filter and separate the moisture in livestock and poultry manure; the conveyor belt in the drying oven adopts three-step jump conveyor mode to realize the rolling conveyor drying of livestock and poultry manure. These innovative designs can improve the transportation efficiency, drying uniformity and drying efficiency of livestock and poultry manure, effectively reduce the moisture content in livestock and poultry manure, reduce the energy consumption of dryer, and effectively realize the resource disposal and utilization of livestock and poultry manure.