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The dataset includes all data for "A rapid cooling event over the western Pacific region during the Middle Bronze Age" by Xiao et al..

Calcite veins are commonly found at shallow depth (a few metres below the surface) in damage zones of active normal fault systems in southwest Turkey. Although earlier studies demonstrated the link between the vein formation and seismicity, the association of near-surface carbonate precipitation with climate-driven hydrological conditions (water table, amount of precipitation and evaporation, and water discharge) is poorly understood. In this study, using the U/Th dating method we investigate the timing of vein formation and the interrelationship between tectonic and climatic-related hydrological processes. Carbonate precipitation is interpreted to occur as a result of sudden pressure drops and CO2 release after earthquake-induced fracturing. Vein formation mostly occurred during glacial periods, which coincide with slow growth rates and higher oxygen isotope values of speleothems from the Eastern Mediterranean region. We relate these episodes to reduced winter rainfall due to the decrease in westerly flow in SW Turkey. These somewhat drier conditions influenced the chemical composition of circulating water, creating conditions conducive to carbonate precipitation and sealing of damage zones. These conditions also facilitated CO2 accumulation and overpressure build-up in the rupture zones. Failure of the faults resulted in the release of large volumes of CO2-rich fluids and the generation of shallow carbonate veins. It is proposed that during phases of increased winter rainfall CO2 is advected to the surface and discharged as passive degassing when meteoric water circulation is enhanced. While regional tectonics is the ultimate driver of fault activity and fracture formation, climate-driven near-surface hydrological changes may have played an important role in modulating CO2-rich fluid circulation and surface discharge. Crown Copyright (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The penetration is a high-speed dynamic nonlinear mechanical problem. There are lots of influencing factors, and the process of penetration is complicated. It is difficult to correctly describe the whole process with traditional single method. In this paper, the simulation of the penetration in recent years was briefly summarized, which provided a reference for the simulation of the dynamic characteristics of the projectile penetrating pine target.

Raw data including geochronology, trace elements, strontium, and carbon and oxygen isotopes

3D pdf model of specimen showing sampling locations

The Cook Islands are considered the "gateway" for human colonization of East Polynesia, the final chapter of Oceanic settlement and the last major region occupied on Earth. Indeed, East Polynesia witnessed the culmination of the greatest maritime migration in human history. Perennial debates have critiqued whether Oceanic settlement was purposeful or accidental, the timing and pathways of colonization, and the nature and extent of postcolonization voyaging-essential for small founding groups securing a lifeline between parent and daughter communities. Centering on the well-dated Tangatatau rockshelter, Mangaia, Southern Cook Islands, we charted the temporal duration and geographic spread of exotic stone adze materials-essential woodworking tools found throughout Polynesia- imported for more than 300 y beginning in the early AD 1300s. Using a technique requiring only 200 mg of sample for the geochemical analysis of trace elements and isotopes of fine-grained basalt adzes, we assigned all artifacts to an island or archipelago of origin. Adze material was identified from the chiefly complex on the Austral Islands, from the major adze quarry complex on Tutuila (Samoa), and from the Marquesas Islands more than 2,400 km distant. This interaction is the only dated example of down-the-line exchange in central East Polynesia where intermediate groups transferred commodities attesting to the interconnectedness and complexity of social relations fostered during postsettlement voyaging. For the Cook Islands, this exchange may have lasted into the 1600s, at least a century later than other East Polynesian archipelagos, suggesting that interarchipelago interaction contributed to the later development of social hierarchies.

对钒电池负极电解液中活性物质V(III)在不同硫酸浓度、不同温度条件下的溶解性规律进行了深入研究, 同时对V(III)-H 2 SO 4 体系电化学性能进行了初步探讨. 结果表明: V(III)的溶解是一个放热过程, 在15~40℃范围内, V(III)的溶解度随着温度升高而逐渐降低; 并且溶液中V(III)会以V-O-V形式形成二聚体, 在低硫酸浓度下, V(III)可以高浓度长时间稳定存在, 随硫酸浓度的增大, V(III)溶解度逐渐降低, 其中30℃、1 mol/L H 2 SO 4 条件下V(III)浓度可高达2.730 mol/L; 进一步通过电化学测试, 发现V(III)-H 2 SO 4 体系是不可逆体系, H 2 SO 4 浓度的增大有益于提高V(III)/V(II)氧化还原反应的可逆性.

A combined mineralogical and Rb-Sr isotopic investigation was conducted on fault gouges from two locations at eastern part of the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ). The fault gouge samples contain no 2 M mica and consist chiefly of cryptocrystalline material, which is extensively altered to illitic clays (mixed-layered iilite-smectite) and some carbonate minerals. The Rb-Sr isochrones of leachate, residue and untreated aliquots from various size fractions of samples yielded two different illite generations. The oldest illite authigenesis, which started at about 35.6 Ma might be inherited from pre-existing faults along the Tethyan suture zone. The authigenic illites from finer fractions correspond to an isochron age of 8.3 Ma, which is in agreement with the findings of previous works that may suggest a middle Miocene age for the initiation of the NAFZ. Our Sr isotope data indicate that the metamorphic fluids contain some mantle components and mobilised during fault movement. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Phascolarctos stirtoni Bartholomai, 1968 Holotype. QMF5707, right maxillary fragment with P 3, M 1–2, Cement Mills, Gore, southeastern Queensland (Late Pleistocene; Price et al., 2009). Diagnosis. See Bartholomai (1968)., Published as part of Price, Gilbert J., Zhao, Jian-xin, Feng, Yue-xing & Hocknull, Scott A., 2009, New Records of Plio-Pleistocene Koalas from Australia: Palaeoecological and Taxonomic Implications, pp. 39-48 in Records of the Australian Museum 61 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.61.2009.1518, http://zenodo.org/record/5297884, {"references":["Bartholomai, A., 1968. A new fossil koala from Queensland and a reassessment of the taxonomic position of the problematical species, Koalemus ingens de Vis. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 15: 65 - 71.","Price, G. J., J. - x. Zhao, Y. - x. Feng & S. A. Hocknull, 2009. New U / Th ages for Pleistocene megafauna deposits of southeastern Queensland, Australia. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 34: 190 - 197. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jseaes. 2008.04.008"]}

Genus Phascolarctos Blainville (1816) Diagnosis. Upper molars of Phascolarctos differ from all other phascolarctids (excepting Cundokoala (?Ph.) yorkensis) and the koala-like Koobor by: (a) being larger; (b) being relatively higher crowned; (c) by possessing well-developed molar crenulations; and (d) possessing well-developed ribs on lingual portion of paracone and metacone. Phascolarctos differs from Madakoala, Nimiokoala and Koobor by possessing a lingual cingulum or pocket on upper molars at the crown base between the protocone and metaconule. Phascolarctos differs from Litokoala and Nimiokoala by possessing relatively smaller neometaconules and paraconules. Phascolaractos differs from Madakoala, Perikoala, Cundokoala and Koobor by possessing relatively smaller or weakly expressed stylar cusps, and in the case of Cundokoala, by possessing a relatively less-developed associated stylar shelf. Phascolarctos differs from Cundokoala in being smaller and by possessing lesser-developed molar crenulations. Phascolarctos differs from Koobor by: (a) having a square- to trapezoidal-shaped, rather than rectangularshaped, occlusal outline; (b) possessing relatively longer anterior and posterior cingula; and (c) lacking a buccal ectoloph on the paracone., Published as part of Price, Gilbert J., Zhao, Jian-xin, Feng, Yue-xing & Hocknull, Scott A., 2009, New Records of Plio-Pleistocene Koalas from Australia: Palaeoecological and Taxonomic Implications, pp. 39-48 in Records of the Australian Museum 61 (1) on page 43, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.61.2009.1518, http://zenodo.org/record/5297884

Supplementary text concerning geochronology and geochemical interpretations

Supplementary text concerning geochronology and geochemical interpretations

Supplementary text concerning geochronology and geochemical interpretations

The Pleistocene presence of the genus Homo in continental Southeast Asia is primarily evidenced by a sparse stone tool record and rare human remains. Here we report a Middle Pleistocene hominin specimen from Laos, with the discovery of a molar from the Tam Ngu Hao 2 (Cobra Cave) limestone cave in the Annamite Mountains. The age of the fossil-bearing breccia ranges between 164–131 kyr, based on the Bayesian modelling of luminescence dating of the sedimentary matrix from which it was recovered, U-series dating of an overlying flowstone, and U-series–ESR dating of associated faunal teeth. Analyses of the internal structure of the molar in tandem with palaeoproteomic analyses of the enamel indicate that the tooth derives from a young, likely female, Homo individual. The close morphological affinities with the Xiahe specimen from China indicate that they belong to the same taxon and that Tam Ngu Hao 2 most likely represents a Denisovan.