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Homogryllacris irregularis Lu, Zhang & Bian, 2022 (Fig. 4) Homogryllacris irregularis Lu, Zhang & Bian, 2022. Zootaxa, 5200 (3): 287. Male. Tegmen almost reaching posterior margin of metanotum. Ninth abdominal tergite extending backwards, apical half slightly curved ventrad. Tenth abdominal tergite narrow and short, the middle of posterior margin with a pair of comparatively long processes, curved ventrad, slightly incurved throughout, apical areas sclerotized, spiniform, tips acute. Cerci thin and long, apices rounded. Subgenital plate subquadrate, posterior margin with a nearly triangular notch, apices of lateral lobes slightly protruding backwards. Styli cylindrical and long, apices rounded, inserted on lateral margins of subapical area of subgenital plate. Coloration. Body light yellowish brown. Fastigium verticis and occiput with broad and irregular dark brown stripe, frons with 2 pairs of dark brown spots. Eyes black. Surrounding areas of eyes dark brown. Middle of face, base and apex of scape, base of pedicel with dark brown spots. Basal half of mandible with 2 brown spots, apical area of mandible black. Pronotum with dark brown rim, disc with a broad and irregular longitudinal dark brown stripe in the midline which becoming wider in posterior area. Tegmen with brown veins. Mesonotum, metanotum and dorsal surface of abdomen black. Apical areas of the processes on male tenth abdominal tergite dark brown. Measurements (mm). Body: ♁16.2–16.8; pronotum: ♁3.5–4.1; tegmen: ♁2.2–2.4; hind femur: ♁9.2–9.5. Material examined. 1♁, Xiaojie, Wenshan, Yunnan, 23 July, 2021, coll. Qi Guo and Yanhao Duan; 1♁, Yaoshan, Qiaojia, Yunnan, 21 August, 2020, coll. Tao Wang; 1♁, Yaoshan, Qiaojia, Yunnan, 18 July, 2021, coll. Gang Wang and Chao Yang. Discussion. The species was reported based on a single female specimen (holotype: female, the type locality: Xiaojie, Wenshan, Yunnan). During examination of specimens collected from Yunnan in 2020 to 2021, we found the unknown male which is described here for the first time., Published as part of Duan, Yanhao, Su, Jie, Zhang, Wenxiang & Shi, Fuming, 2023, Two new species of the genus Homogryllacris (Orthoptera: Gryllacrididae) with the male of Homogryllacris irregularis Lu, Zhang & Bian, 2022 from Yunnan, China, pp. 388-394 in Zootaxa 5277 (2) on pages 393-394, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5277.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/7890008, {"references":["Lu, X. Y., Zhang, Q. W. & Bian, X. (2022) Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Gryllacrididae (Orthoptera) XI: Three new species of Homogryllacris from Yunnan Province. Zootaxa, 5200 (3), 281 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5200.3.6"]}

Homogryllacris incurva Duan, Su & Shi sp. nov., Chinese name DZẆÑDzdz (Figs. 1, 3) Description. Body medium-sized for the genus. Head oval in frontal view, fastigium verticis about 1.5 times as broad as scape. Eyes ovoid, slightly protruding forward and outward; ocelli indistinct. Pronotum broad and short, anterior margin slightly protruding forward in the middle, posterior margin subtruncate. Lateral areas of second and third abdominal tergites each with two rows of stridulatory pegs. Wings reaching or slightly surpassing apex of abdomen. Tegmen: R releases RS before apical third of tegmen; RS undivided in left tegmen while forked near apical area in right tegmen; MA free from base; MP absent; CuA forks near mid-length of tegmen into two veins, CuA1 and CuA2; CuP undivided, free throughout; with 3 anal veins. Legs: Fore coxa with 1 spine at fore margin. Fore and middle femora unarmed on ventral surfaces; fore and middle tibiae with 4 pairs of moveable long spines and 1 pair of short apical spurs on ventral surfaces respectively. Hind femur with 9–11 inner spines and 5 outer spines on ventral surface; hind tibia with 6 inner spines and 7 outer spines on dorsal surface, bearing 1 pair of dorsal apical spurs and 2 pairs of ventral apical spurs, ventral surface with 1 pair of pre-apical spurs. Coloration. Body light yellow. Inner margin of antennal socket black, base and apex of scape, base of pedicel, and fastigium verticis with black spots. Eyes black. Apical area of mandible black. Pronotum with a broad longitudinal light red stripe in the midline. Tegmen with rosy veins. Fifth to eighth abdominal tergites pink on dorsal surfaces. Apical areas of processes on male tenth abdominal tergite brown. Apical halves of spines and spurs on hind femur and tibia brown. Male. Ninth abdominal tergite slightly broad at base, gradually narrowing. Tenth abdominal tergite very short, the middle of posterior margin with a pair of long processes, curved ventrad, basal areas strongly curved outward, afterwards moderately incurved on the whole, horn-shaped, apical areas sclerotized, tips acute. Cerci long conical with apices rounded. Basal half of subgenital plate broad, apical half gradually narrowing, posterior margin with a U-shaped notch. Styli conical and short with apices rounded, inserted on lateral sides of subapical area of subgenital plate. Female. Unknown. Measurements (mm). Body: ♁20.1–21.5; pronotum: ♁4.6–4.8; tegmen: ♁16.0–17.5; hind femur: ♁11.8– 12.0. Material examined. Holotype: ♁, Qimaba, Lvchun, Yunnan, 26 July, 2022, coll. Yanhao Duan and Jie Su. Paratype: 1♁, Qimaba, Lvchun, Yunnan, 25 July, 2022, coll. Yanhao Duan and Jie Su. Other specimens: 1♁, same data as holotype; 2♁, Wuliangshan, Jingdong, Yunnan, 9 August, 2022, coll. Yanhao Duan and Jie Su. Etymology. The name of the new species is derived from the processes on male tenth abdominal tergite moderately incurved over the whole length, horn-shaped, from Latin in- (inwards) and curv- (curved). Discussion. The new species is similar to Homogryllacris parcibrevipenna Liu, Lu & Bian, 2021 and Homogryllacris curvicauda Du, Bian & Shi, 2016, but it differs from the former in: wings comparatively elongate, almost reaching or slightly surpassing apex of abdomen; the processes on male tenth abdominal tergite moderately incurved on the whole, horn-shaped, apical areas straight in lateral view; basal half of male subgenital plate is of nearly equal width, narrowing in apical half, subapical area with styli. The new species differs from Homogryllacris curvicauda Du, Bian & Shi, 2016 in: the processes on male tenth abdominal tergite longer, curved ventrad; apical half of male subgenital plate narrower than basal half.

Duan, Yanhao, Su, Jie, Zhang, Wenxiang, Shi, Fuming (2023): Two new species of the genus Homogryllacris (Orthoptera: Gryllacrididae) with the male of Homogryllacris irregularis Lu, Zhang & Bian, 2022 from Yunnan, China. Zootaxa 5277 (2): 388-394, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5277.2.9, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5277.2.9

Homogryllacris erromena Duan, Su & Shi sp. nov., Chinese name ffifiÑDzdz (Figs. 2, 3) Description. Body medium-sized. Fastigium verticis about 1.5 times as broad as scape, apex obtuse. Eyes ovoid, ocelli distinct, oval. Pronotum subquadrate, anterior margin slightly protruding forward, posterior margin straight. Lateral areas of second and third abdominal tergites each with two rows of stridulatory pegs. Wings reaching about middle of out-stretched hind femora. Tegmen: R with two branches, both forked near apical area; left tegmen: MA free from base, near basal third dividing into MA and MP; CuA forks before mid-length of tegmen into two veins, CuA1 and CuA2, anterior branch shortly fused with MP; right tegmen: MA free from base, near basal third of tegmen divides into MA and MP, then MP divides again into 2 branches; CuA undivided, free throughout; both left and right tegmina with CuP undivided; with 4 anal veins. Legs: Fore coxa with 1 spine. Fore and middle femora unarmed on ventral surfaces; fore and middle tibiae with 4 pairs of long spines and 1 pair of short apical spurs on ventral surfaces respectively. Hind femur with 10–11 inner spines and 8–11 outer spines on ventral surface; hind tibia with 5–6 inner spines and 6 outer spines on dorsal surface, with 1 pair of apical spurs on dorsal surface; ventral surface with 1 long apical spur on inner margin, near basal area strongly curved dorsad, while outer margin with 2 apical spurs, with 1 pair of pre-apical spurs. Male. Ninth abdominal tergite trapezoidal in dorsal view, basal area comparatively broad, narrowing. Tenth abdominal tergite very short, the middle of posterior margin with a pair of short processes, basal areas stout, apical halves gradually narrowing, apical areas sclerotized and obviously incurved, tips obliquely truncate. Cerci conical, apices rounded. Subgenital plate subquadrate, basal area slightly broad, posterior margin with a triangular notch, apices of lateral lobes slightly protruding backwards. Styli cylindrical and short, apices rounded, inserted on lateral margins of subapical area of subgenital plate. Female. Appearance is similar to that of male. Subgenital plate nearly trapezoidal, basal area broad, then narrowing, basal half with thin transverse folds, posterior margin subtruncate. Ovipositor thin and long, straight, dorsal and ventral margins almost parallel, apex broken. Tegmen: CuA forks near basal third into two veins, CuA1 and CuA2, anterior branch briefly fused with MA and then divides, subsequently divides near mid-length of the tegmen into two parallel branches, MP and CuA1, while the posterior branch (CuA2) undivided throughout. Coloration. Body light yellow. Inner margin of antennal socket black. Base and apex of scape, base of pedicel with dark brown spots. Eyes black, ocelli light red. Apical area of mandible black. Pronotum with dark brown rim, the midline with a broad longitudinal rosy stripe. Tegmen with rosy veins. Fore femur and tibia rosy as well as middle femur and tibia. femur and tibia. Apical halves of hind femur and hind tibia rosy. Spines on hind femur and tibia with apical areas black. Dorsal surfaces of fifth to eighth abdominal tergites rosy in middle, basal area of ninth abdominal tergite rosy on both sides. Measurements (mm). Body: ♁22.8–23.1, ♀ 29.7; pronotum: ♁5.1–5.5, ♀ 6.1; tegmen: ♁22.9–24.2, ♀ 26.4; hind femur: ♁13.2–13.8, ♀ 15.1; ovipositor: apex broken. Material examined. Holotype: ♁, Taiyanghe, Puer, Yunnan, 30 July, 2022, coll. Yanhao Duan and Jie Su. Paratype: 1♁, Taiyanghe, Puer, Yunnan, 29 July, 2022, coll. Yanhao Duan and Jie Su. Other specimens: 1♁ 1♀, same data as paratype. Etymology. The name of the new species is derived from the processes on male tenth abdominal tergite stout, from Greek erromen - (stout). Discussion. The new species is similar to Homogryllacris obtusitubera Li, Dou & Shi, 2019 based on morphology of the processes on male tenth abdominal tergite, but it can be distinguished from the latter in the following: body obviously large, body length about twice as long as that of the latter species; posterior margin of male subgenital plate with a triangular notch; female subgenital plate is of almost equal length and width, posterior margin subtruncate. Furthermore, DNA sequencing was implemented of these two species based on COI, the genetic distance between them is more than 8% (unpublished). Hence, with a combination of morphological and molecular evidence, we regard it as a new species of Homogryllacris.

Homogryllacris incurva Duan, Su & Shi sp. nov., Chinese name DZẆÑDzdz (Figs. 1, 3) Description. Body medium-sized for the genus. Head oval in frontal view, fastigium verticis about 1.5 times as broad as scape. Eyes ovoid, slightly protruding forward and outward; ocelli indistinct. Pronotum broad and short, anterior margin slightly protruding forward in the middle, posterior margin subtruncate. Lateral areas of second and third abdominal tergites each with two rows of stridulatory pegs. Wings reaching or slightly surpassing apex of abdomen. Tegmen: R releases RS before apical third of tegmen; RS undivided in left tegmen while forked near apical area in right tegmen; MA free from base; MP absent; CuA forks near mid-length of tegmen into two veins, CuA1 and CuA2; CuP undivided, free throughout; with 3 anal veins. Legs: Fore coxa with 1 spine at fore margin. Fore and middle femora unarmed on ventral surfaces; fore and middle tibiae with 4 pairs of moveable long spines and 1 pair of short apical spurs on ventral surfaces respectively. Hind femur with 9–11 inner spines and 5 outer spines on ventral surface; hind tibia with 6 inner spines and 7 outer spines on dorsal surface, bearing 1 pair of dorsal apical spurs and 2 pairs of ventral apical spurs, ventral surface with 1 pair of pre-apical spurs. Coloration. Body light yellow. Inner margin of antennal socket black, base and apex of scape, base of pedicel, and fastigium verticis with black spots. Eyes black. Apical area of mandible black. Pronotum with a broad longitudinal light red stripe in the midline. Tegmen with rosy veins. Fifth to eighth abdominal tergites pink on dorsal surfaces. Apical areas of processes on male tenth abdominal tergite brown. Apical halves of spines and spurs on hind femur and tibia brown. Male. Ninth abdominal tergite slightly broad at base, gradually narrowing. Tenth abdominal tergite very short, the middle of posterior margin with a pair of long processes, curved ventrad, basal areas strongly curved outward, afterwards moderately incurved on the whole, horn-shaped, apical areas sclerotized, tips acute. Cerci long conical with apices rounded. Basal half of subgenital plate broad, apical half gradually narrowing, posterior margin with a U-shaped notch. Styli conical and short with apices rounded, inserted on lateral sides of subapical area of subgenital plate. Female. Unknown. Measurements (mm). Body: ♁20.1–21.5; pronotum: ♁4.6–4.8; tegmen: ♁16.0–17.5; hind femur: ♁11.8– 12.0. Material examined. Holotype: ♁, Qimaba, Lvchun, Yunnan, 26 July, 2022, coll. Yanhao Duan and Jie Su. Paratype: 1♁, Qimaba, Lvchun, Yunnan, 25 July, 2022, coll. Yanhao Duan and Jie Su. Other specimens: 1♁, same data as holotype; 2♁, Wuliangshan, Jingdong, Yunnan, 9 August, 2022, coll. Yanhao Duan and Jie Su. Etymology. The name of the new species is derived from the processes on male tenth abdominal tergite moderately incurved over the whole length, horn-shaped, from Latin in- (inwards) and curv- (curved). Discussion. The new species is similar to Homogryllacris parcibrevipenna Liu, Lu & Bian, 2021 and Homogryllacris curvicauda Du, Bian & Shi, 2016, but it differs from the former in: wings comparatively elongate, almost reaching or slightly surpassing apex of abdomen; the processes on male tenth abdominal tergite moderately incurved on the whole, horn-shaped, apical areas straight in lateral view; basal half of male subgenital plate is of nearly equal width, narrowing in apical half, subapical area with styli. The new species differs from Homogryllacris curvicauda Du, Bian & Shi, 2016 in: the processes on male tenth abdominal tergite longer, curved ventrad; apical half of male subgenital plate narrower than basal half., Published as part of Duan, Yanhao, Su, Jie, Zhang, Wenxiang & Shi, Fuming, 2023, Two new species of the genus Homogryllacris (Orthoptera: Gryllacrididae) with the male of Homogryllacris irregularis Lu, Zhang & Bian, 2022 from Yunnan, China, pp. 388-394 in Zootaxa 5277 (2) on page 389, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5277.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/7890008, {"references":["Bian, X., Liu, J. & Yang, Z. Z. (2021) Annotated Checklist of Chinese Ensifera: The Gryllacrididae. Zootaxa, 4969 (2), 201 - 254. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4969.2.1","Du, B. J., Bian, X. & Shi, F. M. (2016) Notes on the genus Homogryllacris Liu, 2007 (Orthoptera: Gryllacrididae: Gryllacridinae) with description of two new species from China. Zootaxa, 4111 (2), 187 - 193. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4111.2.7"]}

Homogryllacris erromena Duan, Su & Shi sp. nov., Chinese name ffifiÑDzdz (Figs. 2, 3) Description. Body medium-sized. Fastigium verticis about 1.5 times as broad as scape, apex obtuse. Eyes ovoid, ocelli distinct, oval. Pronotum subquadrate, anterior margin slightly protruding forward, posterior margin straight. Lateral areas of second and third abdominal tergites each with two rows of stridulatory pegs. Wings reaching about middle of out-stretched hind femora. Tegmen: R with two branches, both forked near apical area; left tegmen: MA free from base, near basal third dividing into MA and MP; CuA forks before mid-length of tegmen into two veins, CuA1 and CuA2, anterior branch shortly fused with MP; right tegmen: MA free from base, near basal third of tegmen divides into MA and MP, then MP divides again into 2 branches; CuA undivided, free throughout; both left and right tegmina with CuP undivided; with 4 anal veins. Legs: Fore coxa with 1 spine. Fore and middle femora unarmed on ventral surfaces; fore and middle tibiae with 4 pairs of long spines and 1 pair of short apical spurs on ventral surfaces respectively. Hind femur with 10–11 inner spines and 8–11 outer spines on ventral surface; hind tibia with 5–6 inner spines and 6 outer spines on dorsal surface, with 1 pair of apical spurs on dorsal surface; ventral surface with 1 long apical spur on inner margin, near basal area strongly curved dorsad, while outer margin with 2 apical spurs, with 1 pair of pre-apical spurs. Male. Ninth abdominal tergite trapezoidal in dorsal view, basal area comparatively broad, narrowing. Tenth abdominal tergite very short, the middle of posterior margin with a pair of short processes, basal areas stout, apical halves gradually narrowing, apical areas sclerotized and obviously incurved, tips obliquely truncate. Cerci conical, apices rounded. Subgenital plate subquadrate, basal area slightly broad, posterior margin with a triangular notch, apices of lateral lobes slightly protruding backwards. Styli cylindrical and short, apices rounded, inserted on lateral margins of subapical area of subgenital plate. Female. Appearance is similar to that of male. Subgenital plate nearly trapezoidal, basal area broad, then narrowing, basal half with thin transverse folds, posterior margin subtruncate. Ovipositor thin and long, straight, dorsal and ventral margins almost parallel, apex broken. Tegmen: CuA forks near basal third into two veins, CuA1 and CuA2, anterior branch briefly fused with MA and then divides, subsequently divides near mid-length of the tegmen into two parallel branches, MP and CuA1, while the posterior branch (CuA2) undivided throughout. Coloration. Body light yellow. Inner margin of antennal socket black. Base and apex of scape, base of pedicel with dark brown spots. Eyes black, ocelli light red. Apical area of mandible black. Pronotum with dark brown rim, the midline with a broad longitudinal rosy stripe. Tegmen with rosy veins. Fore femur and tibia rosy as well as middle femur and tibia. femur and tibia. Apical halves of hind femur and hind tibia rosy. Spines on hind femur and tibia with apical areas black. Dorsal surfaces of fifth to eighth abdominal tergites rosy in middle, basal area of ninth abdominal tergite rosy on both sides. Measurements (mm). Body: ♁22.8–23.1, ♀ 29.7; pronotum: ♁5.1–5.5, ♀ 6.1; tegmen: ♁22.9–24.2, ♀ 26.4; hind femur: ♁13.2–13.8, ♀ 15.1; ovipositor: apex broken. Material examined. Holotype: ♁, Taiyanghe, Puer, Yunnan, 30 July, 2022, coll. Yanhao Duan and Jie Su. Paratype: 1♁, Taiyanghe, Puer, Yunnan, 29 July, 2022, coll. Yanhao Duan and Jie Su. Other specimens: 1♁ 1♀, same data as paratype. Etymology. The name of the new species is derived from the processes on male tenth abdominal tergite stout, from Greek erromen - (stout). Discussion. The new species is similar to Homogryllacris obtusitubera Li, Dou & Shi, 2019 based on morphology of the processes on male tenth abdominal tergite, but it can be distinguished from the latter in the following: body obviously large, body length about twice as long as that of the latter species; posterior margin of male subgenital plate with a triangular notch; female subgenital plate is of almost equal length and width, posterior margin subtruncate. Furthermore, DNA sequencing was implemented of these two species based on COI, the genetic distance between them is more than 8% (unpublished). Hence, with a combination of morphological and molecular evidence, we regard it as a new species of Homogryllacris., Published as part of Duan, Yanhao, Su, Jie, Zhang, Wenxiang & Shi, Fuming, 2023, Two new species of the genus Homogryllacris (Orthoptera: Gryllacrididae) with the male of Homogryllacris irregularis Lu, Zhang & Bian, 2022 from Yunnan, China, pp. 388-394 in Zootaxa 5277 (2) on pages 390-392, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5277.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/7890008, {"references":["Li, Y. Q., Dou, Y. J. & Shi, F. M. (2019) A supplement of the genus Homogryllacris Liu, 2007 (Orthoptera: Gryllacrididae: Gryllacridinae) from China. Zootaxa, 4623 (3), 577 - 582. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4623.3.10"]}

To provide an evidence of natural gas hydrate occurrence state, a series of experiments on multiple growth and dissociation of 90.0% methane/10.0% propane hydrates at 1.3 MPa and 270.15 K were carried out in two sediments for morphology observation via a visible jacketed-reactor. The gas hydrate crystals were observed to form and grow on the surface of sediments at the initial growth. During the thermal decomposition, gas and liquid products had an unceasingly impact on the sediments, then gas/liquid–solid migration occurred, and a large number of cavitation appeared. In the later growth and dissociation experiments, the gas hydrate particles were in suspension or supporting states in the interstitial pore space between the sediment particles, indicating that the gas hydrate displayed a pore-filling characteristics. Through analyzing the distribution of gas hydrates and bubbles, it was found that the amount of gas hydrates distributed in the sediments was improved with multiple growth-dissociation cycle proceedings. Gas migration enhanced the sediment movement, which led to the appearance of the increasing quantity of gas bubbles in the sediments during cycles. Salts affected the growth of the gas hydrates and the migration of sediment grains, which also restricted the accumulation of gas bubbles in the sediments. According to the Raman analysis, the results showed that sII hydrates were formed for CH4 and C3H8 gas mixtures in different sediments and solutions with hydration number of 5.84–6.53. The Salt restricted the access of gas into the hydrate cages.

湖泊科学是研究湖泊及其流域在人与自然相互作用下对生态系统、环境间的关系的一门交叉学科.为了探究湖泊科学研究的发展与研究前沿，通过对《湖泊科学》创刊30年（1989-2018年）来发表的全部2555篇论文的统计，分析了年发文量与影响因子年际变化趋势，并运用CiteSpace V软件绘制了可视化知识图谱.结果表明：30年来《湖泊科学》年发文量、被引频次及影响因子整体呈稳步增加的趋势，期刊拥有较为稳定与广泛的学术影响力.相关研究范围主要涉及全球气候变化、湖泊生态系统及群落结构、湖泊富营养化等方面，研究区域则多为湖泊分布较广、生态系统较脆弱且环境问题较为突出地区.文献关键词的分析得出了研究热点与趋势的三个阶段.CiteSpace对作者所在机构的分析表明，近10年来，高校已经超过研究所成为期刊作者主体.关键词词频分析表明，'太湖'、'沉积物'、'富营养化'一直是刊发内容的热点，而近10年来，浮游植物及群落结构、三峡水库逐渐成为热点.随着湖泊研究与遥感技术、统计与模拟、环境化学等进一步交叉，湖泊科学研究向着深入化、精细化方向发展.目前，湖泊科学研究已形成了湖泊水文与生态系统、湖泊生态恢复与环境评价、沉积环境与全球变化等较为稳定的研究团队，高校与科研院所成为湖泊研究主体，具有显著的区域性和集聚效应.期刊论文读者下载量统计分析表明，《湖泊科学》官网（www.jlakes.org）已经成为读者阅读和下载论文的主要渠道.根据知网数据库的统计分析，30年来，刊发论文均获得了不同数量的读者引用，单篇最高被引636次，篇均被引24次.期刊高被引论文分析说明，湖泊作为生态环境保护的重要载体，加强湖泊污染问题的预防、湖泊富营养化预测及其生态修复技术等业已成为相关研究的热点与趋势所在.同时，随着全国湖泊流域数据平台的建设与大数据融合，湖泊流域物质交换、人文影响定量评估、健康与管理、湖泊湿地生态系统保护等方面的研究将进一步加快，而湖泊研究成果在区域的应用，将为改善水环境质量，确保区域生态环境安全，为湖泊生态保护及环境改善提供有力支撑.

The phase difference of signal is an important measurement parameter in the application of electronic technology. In order to meet the requirements of real-time measurement of signal phase, the paper introduced the phase measurement simulation analysis about adaptive Notch filter based on LMS algorithm, and studies the influence of several parameters on the measuring result. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that changing adaptive step length has evident influence on phase of test results. Thus coming to a conclusion, the phase measurement method can meet the requirements of real-time measurement of signal phase.

A series of aluminumphosphate materials was prepared and used as adsorbents for the removal of ammonia at low concentrations. The influence of various preparation parameters, including the pH value of sol, calcination temperature and molar ratio of P/Al, on the structure and surface properties as well as adsorption capacity were investigated. The results showed that large amount of P—OH present on the surface of aluminophosphates was suitable for the removal of ammonia. They were the major source of weak Bronsted acid sites and acted as the main active centers for capturing ammonia.

In this paper, the gas-hydrate-bearing cores were analyzed for giving a good insight into the exact reserves of natural gas hydrate. The cores were collected from the China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) drilling expeditions in 2015 at the LW3-1 area, closed to China's first trial production of natural gas hydrate in 2017. The gas composition of natural gas hydrate and their origin were mainly investigated. The results showed that the gas is mainly methane, up to 98.30%–99.20%. It also contains a small amount of carbon dioxide and other hydrocarbons, which are 0.58%–1.31% CO2, and trace of C2 ~ C4 (less than 0.5%). Gas is generated by mixed-genetic actions dominated by microbial origin. C1 is generated by microbial actions, while C2 is generated by thermogenic actions. Meanwhile, the surface morphology, composition, and distribution of grain size of the host sediments were also studied. The results showed that, the percentage of silty sand is up to 83.57%, where the content of coarse silts is up to 25.12%. There are a preponderance of microfossils and pore structures in the host sediments which consists of silica (SiO2), calcite (CaCO3) and illite, providing a space for the accumulation of gas hydrates. The chloride ion concentration in pore water is 349.09–364.41 mmol/L, which suggested that the hydrate saturation is in a range of 42.81%–45.58% with a good exploitation potential.

Kloaded aluminophosphates prepared by impregnation were characterized by Xray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, N2 adsorption, and NH3 as well as CO2 temperatureprogramed desorption (NH3-TPD, CO2-TPD). The results show that potassium was highly dispersed on the surface of the aluminophosphates. The amount of surface acidic and basic sites decreased upon adding a small amount of potassium. With an increase in potassium, the amount of surface acid sites decreased and the amount of surface base sites did not obviously change. Vapor-phase O-methylation of catechol with methanol was carried out to investigate the catalytic performance of the Kloaded aluminophosphates. Selectivity toward guaiacol obviously increased when a small amount of potassium was added. With an increase in the potassium content, selectivity toward guaiacol increased further and the conversion of catechol decreased. Combined with the characterization results, the surface weak acidic sites play an important role in improving the conversion of catechol and the surface weak basic sites are suitable for improving selectivity toward guaiacol.

Here we combine n-alkanes preserved in a shell bar section from Qarhan paleolake, Qaidam Basin with the other sedimentary proxies to elucidate the lake evolution process during the period 39.7 to 17.5 14C ka BP (calibrated age ranges from 43.5 to 22.4 cal. ka BP). In different stages, the n-alkane homologues exhibited different distribution modes indicative of variations in the surrounding vegetation and the hydrologic condition of the lake. The n-alkanes proxies (CPIh, ACLh, Paq) have the same trends as the summer solar insolation variation, implying that the summer insolation is the most important climatic factor driving the environmental changes and also indirectly controls lake evolution on the Tibetan Plateau. CPIh and ACLh as well as the total pollen concentration appear to show a trend comparable with methane concentration record from the GRIP ice core that reflected the Dansgaard-Oeschger events. This demonstrates that the paleoclimate variations in Qarhan area generally agree with global climate change and show rapid oscillations in late MIS3. These findings provide the latest molecular fossil evidence from paleolake sediments to confirm that lake evolution on Tibetan Plateau in late MIS3 was closely associated with enhanced summer insolation.

Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique, a series of biomarkers were identified, including n-alkanes, n-alkane-2-ones, isoprenoid etc. from the loess-paleosol samples collected from the S4 and adjacent L5, L4 of the Luochuan loess section, Northwestern China. Based on these data, especially n-alkanes and high-resolution magnetic susceptibility and grain size data, the paleoenvironment and paleovegetation history during S4 was reconstructed. The CPI (Carbon Predominance Index) and correlation between n-alkanes and magnetic susceptibility and grain size data demonstrated that the molecular fossils in paleosol and loess layers can reflect the vegetation condition during the loess-paleosol formation, if the allochthonous organic inputs could be excluded reasonably. The ACL (average chain length) index is correlated well with paleomagnetic susceptibility and grain size variations, displaying their good synchrony with warm and humid climate. However, it relatively lagged behind the paleomagnetic susceptibility and the grain size variations when the climate began to deteriorate. During the formation period of paleosol, the n-alkanes was dominated by C31 homologue, indicating that the primary organic input originated from herbs. Our study also demonstrated that the herbs were more flourish than wood plants in Loess Plateau, especially in the Luochuan area during the warm and humid phase, and there was no typical forest vegetation developed in the studied period.

On the basis of the analyses of TOC, CaCO 3 , δ 13 C org , δ 18 O, and δ 13 C of the shell bar section in the Qaidam basin, and compared with grain size data, the environmental change history of the high water level of paleolake Qarhan was reconstructed and it could be divided into five stages. From 39.7 to 35.8 kaBP was the development period of high paleolake level. From 35.8 to 33.6 kaBP and 33.6 to 27.2 kaBP, TOC and CaCO 3 contents and δ 18 O values were high, whereas, δ 13 C org values and median size content were low, reflecting a warm-humid climate and high lake level. During 27.2–22.3 kaBP and 22.3–17.5 kaBP, both temperature and the lake level were lower than those in the previous stages, but the climate was still warmer and more humid than that of today. The lake level decreased between 32.4 and 32.2 kaBP, 30.4 and 29.8 kaBP, and 28.4 and 27.2 kaBP. Generally, the climate was warm and humid in Qaidam basin and the high lake level sustained between 39.7 and 17.5 kaBP. The lake retreated abruptly at 17.5 kaBP, with a very strong increase in evaporation, which resulted in salt formation and the extinction of Corbicula .

After an introduction of the Plücker coordinate geometry, a discussion is made of the expression of screws in Plücker coordinates and the addition of screws. As a result, the geometry of generating gears is re-studied and a formula is derived for calculating the axode length of hypoid gears.

Total RNA of Eimeria tenella drug-resistant strain from Tangshan was extracted with Trizol. Differential-display reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction (DDRT-PCR) was established by 3 anchored primers and 20 arbitrary primers. The products ofpolymerase chain reaction (PCR) were analyzed on the denaturing polyacrylamide gels by silver-straining. Ten differential bands were excised from the gels and reampilfied with the same sets of primers. The products were purified and ligated with PMDTM18-T Vector, and then the dot-blot hybridization, sequence analysis and homology comparison. The results showed that through comparison of the nucleotide acid sequence, the similarity was 99% among the sequence S116 from mRNA of Tangshan multiple-resistant strain with the sequence 882 bp lengths in the first chromosome of E.tenella in Genebank and Sanger, which was an unknown protein. This study paved the way for cloning the full-length cDNAs (Complementary Deoxyribonucleic acid) and finding the molecular mechanism about the drug-resistance of E.tenella. Key words: Chicken, E. tenella, mRNA differential display PCR, denaturing polyacrylamide gel, gene cloning.

The simulation experiment of control algorithm can reduce cost of research and develop on industrial robot after producing the robot mechanical structure , this simulation system is based on OpenGL with VC++ 6.0. In this paper we describe the whole process motion simulation based on 3D graphic, stress the key technologies, including OpenGL simulation environment, simulation principle and CAD model reconstruction based on STL file.

In this study, a pristine biochar (BC) and Fe-Mn binary oxide-biochar (FMBC) were prepared using Pennisetum sp. straw as the feedstock for Cd(II) removal from aqueous solutions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and specific surface area (SSA) analyses revealed the physico-chemical characteristics of the pristine and designer adsorbents, suggesting that an ultrasonic treatment during synthesis enhanced the SSA and pore volume of the BC, and assisted successful loading of Fe-Mn binary oxide particles on the BC surface. The Cd(II) adsorption data of the adsorbents were fitted to the Langmuir isothermal and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. At a system temperature of 25 degrees C and pH 5, the maximum Cd(II) adsorption capacities of BC (30.58 mg/g) and FMBC (95.23 mg/g) were obtained. Multiple Cd(II) adsorption mechanisms by FMBC were identified, including precipitation with minerals, complexation with surface functional groups, Cd(II)-pi interactions, and cation exchange. As the most dominant adsorption mechanism, CdO bonds were formed on the FMBC surfaces precipitating Cd(OH)(2) (63.9 wt%) and CdO (36.1 wt%). The FMBC thus could be potentially used as an effective adsorbent for Cd(II) removal from aqueous solutions. usc Refereed/Peer-reviewed