Search

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism underlying the effects of berberine (BBR) in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD).Methods3 × Tg AD mice were treated with BBR for 3 months, then the open field test (OFT), the novel object recognition test (NOR) and the Morris water maze (MWM) test were performed to assess behavioral performance. Hematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining, Nissl staining were used to examine histopathological changes. The pharmacological and molecular properties of BBR were obtained from the TCMSP database. BBR-associated AD targets were identified using the PharmMapper (PM), the comparative toxicogenomics database (CTD), DisGeNet and the human gene database (GeneCards). Core networks and BBR targets for the treatment of AD were identified using PPI network and functional enrichment analyses. AutoDock software was used to model the interaction between BBR and potential targets. Finally, RT-qPCR, western blotting were used to validate the expression of core targets.ResultsBehavioral experiments, HE staining and Nissl staining have shown that BBR can improve memory task performance and neuronal damage in the hippocampus of AD mice. 117 BBR-associated targets for the treatment of AD were identified, and 43 genes were used for downstream functional enrichment analysis in combination with the results of protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. 2,230 biological processes (BP) terms, 67 cell components (CC) terms, 243 molecular function (MF) terms and 118 KEGG terms were identified. ALB, EGFR, CASP3 and five targets in the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway including AKT1, HSP90AA1, SRC, HRAS, IGF1 were selected by PPI network analysis, validated by molecular docking analysis and RT-q PCR as core targets for further analysis. Akt1 mRNA expression levels were significantly decreased in AD mice and significantly increased after BBR treatment (p ConclusionAKT1, HSP90AA1, SRC, HRAS, IGF1 and ALB, EGFR, CASP3 were core targets of BBR in the treatment of AD. BBR may exert a neuroprotective effect by modulating the ERK and AKT signaling pathways.

Dong-mei Zhou,1,2,&ast; Jing Wei,2,&ast; Ting-ting Zhang,2 Feng-jie Shen,2 Jin-Kui Yang1 1Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jin-Kui Yang, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, People’s Republic of China, Email jkyang@ccmu.edu.cnPurpose: To establish and validate the nomogram model for predicting diabetic nephropathy (DN) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with proteinuria.Methods: A total of 102 patients with T2DM and proteinuria who underwent renal biopsy were included in this study. According to pathological classification of the kidney, the patients were divided into two groups, namely, a DN group (52 cases) and a non-diabetic renal disease (NDRD) group (50 cases). The clinical data were collected, and the factors associated with diabetic nephropathy (DN) were analyzed with multivariate logistic regression. A nomogram model for predicting DN risk was constructed by using R4.1 software. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were generated, and the K-fold cross-validation method was used for validation. A consistency test was performed by generating the correction curve.Results: Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diabetic retinopathy (DR), hemoglobin (Hb), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and triglyceride/cystatin C (TG/Cys-C) ratio were independent factors for DN in T2DM patients with proteinuria (P< 0.05). The nomogram model had good prediction efficiency. If the total score of the nomogram exceeds 200, the probability of DN is as high as 95%. The area under the ROC curve was 0.9412 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.8981– 0.9842). The 10-fold cross-validation showed that the prediction accuracy of the model was 0.8427. The Hosmer-Lemeshow (H-L) test showed that there was no significant difference between the predicted value and the actual observed value (X2 = 6.725, P = 0.567). The calibration curve showed that the fitting degree of the DN nomogram prediction model was good.Conclusion: The nomogram model constructed in the present study improves the diagnostic efficiency of DN in T2DM patients with proteinuria, and it has a high clinical value.Keywords: diabetic nephropathy, non-diabetic renal disease, nomogram model, type 2 diabetes mellitus

Supplementary Material 2

The TiSiCO-family monolayers have recently been attracting significant attention due to their unique valley-layer coupling (VLC). In this work, we present a minimal, four-band tight-binding (TB) model to capture the low-energy physics of the TiSiCO-family monolayers $X_{2}Y$CO$_{2}$ ($X=$ Ti, Zr, Hf; $Y=$ Si, Ge) with strong VLC. These monolayers comprise two $X$ atom layers separated by approximately $4$ \AA ~in the out-of-plane direction. Around each valley ($X$ or $X'$), the conduction and valence bands are mainly dominated by the $A_{1}\{d_{z^{2}(x^{2}-y^{2})}\}$ and $B_{2}\{d_{yz}\}$ orbitals of the top $X$ atoms,and the $A_{1}\{d_{z^{2}(x^{2}-y^{2})}\}$ and $B_{1}\{d_{xz}\}$ orbitals of the bottom $X$ atoms. Using these four states as a basis, we construct a symmetry-allowed TB model. Through parameter fitting from first-principles calculations, the four-band TB model not only reproduces the electronic band structure, but also captures the strong VLC, high-order topology, and valley-contrasting linear dichroism of the monolayers. Furthermore, the TB model reveals that these monolayers may exhibit various intriguing topological phases under electric fields and biaxial strains. Hence, the TB model established here can serve as the starting point for future research exploring the physics related to VLC and the $X_{2}Y$CO$_{2}$ monolayers., Comment: 8 pages

Additional file 1

Communication is the basis of UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle,UAV) cluster cooperative decision control. In the battlefield environment with scarce communication resources, it is of great significance to realize the efficient communication of UAV cluster. At present, Multi-Agent Reinforcement learning method is widely used in the research of Autonomous Cooperation Strategy of UAV cluster, but most methods do not consider the impact of limited communication resources. Based on the partial observable Markov decision process, a communication based autonomous behavior decision model of UAV cluster is proposed; Based on the research hypothesis and information theory, a reward strategy based on bandwidth utilization is designed. The reward value under this strategy is adjusted with the change of available bandwidth, which can guide the UAV whether to send messages at each step in real time; In the process of model training and execution, the long-term and short-term memory network is used as the memory unit to ensure the effectiveness of UAV cooperative decision-making. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by air confrontation simulation experiment, which provides a method reference for autonomous cooperative decision-making of UAV cluster in bandwidth limited combat scenario.

Pulsatilla saxatilis L. Xu & T.G. Kang, sp. nov., Figs. 1���3. Type:��� CHINA. Liaoning, Fengcheng, Baiyun Mountain, on rocky cliffs, ca. 1100 m, 26 May 2015, L. Xu et al. 210682150526013 LY (holotype LNCM, isotypes IFP, IMD, LNCM, PE). Fig. 1. Diagnosis: From its putative closest ally, Pulsatilla chinensis (Fig. 4), the new species P. saxatilis is distinguishable by having light blue, whitish-blue or white (vs. violet) sepals and persistent styles 2���2.5 cm (vs. 3.5���6.5 cm) long (see Table 1). Description:���Perennial herb, 9���20 cm tall. Rhizome 0.5���1 cm in diameter. Basal leaves 6���11, leaf blade ovate, 2���3.5 �� 1.5���3 cm, 3���foliolate or ternate-pinnate. Central leaflet long petiolulate, 0.5���2 cm long, cordate, 3���foliolate, central segment stipitate and deeply 3���lobed, ultimate lobes cuniform, 0.3���0.6 cm wide, apically 2���or 3���toothed, abaxially sparsely long pilose, adaxially glabrous; petiole 2���7.5 cm, densely white villose. Scapes solitary or 2, occasionally 3, erect, white villose. Involucral bracts 3 or 4, 1��� 2.4 cm long, connate and tubular at base, apically palmately 3���lobed, apical palmate lobes lanceolate, abaxially densely long pilose. Flowers solitary, erect, 2���4 cm in diameter; sepals 6���11, light blue, whitish���blue or white, oblong-ovate, 1.5���2.5 �� 0.4���1.4 cm, abaxially puberulent; stamens numerous, ca. 1/2 as long as sepals; carpels numerous, style yellow-green, stigma pale violet. Achenes 2.5���3 mm long, long pilose. Persistent styles 2���2.5 cm long, sparsely long pilose. Phenology:���Flowering in May; fruiting in June. Pollen morphology:���Pollen grains of Pulsatilla saxatilis are spheroidal and pantoporate, having 9���12 apertures (Fig. 5A, B). The pollen surface is rough and spinulate, and the spinules are unevenly distributed. The bases of the spinules are cushion-like, and the tops are acuminate. The spinules in the apertures are larger than those on the surface. In its putative closest ally, P. chinensis, pollen grains are tricolpate (Fig. 5C, D). Pollen morphology, therefore, lends strong support for the description of P. saxatilis as new. Distribution and habitat:��� Pulsatilla saxatilis is currently known only from its type locality, i.e. Baiyun Mountain in Fengcheng, Liaoning province, north-east China (Fig. 6). It grows on rocky cliffs at an altitude of ca. 1100 m. Etymology:���The specific epithet, ��� saxatilis ���, which means ���dwelling or found among rocks���, refers to the habitat of the new species. Additional specimens examined (paratypes):��� CHINA. Liaoning, Fengcheng, Baiyun Mountain, ca. 1100 m, on rocky cliffs, 22 May 2016, L . Xu et al. 210682160522032 LY (PE); the same locality, 22 May 2016, L . Xu et al. 210682160522032 LY (IFP, IMD, LNCM). Conservation status:��� Pulsatilla saxatilis is currently known only from its type locality, with its distribution area being very small, although the population we observed in 2015 consisted of numerous individuals, and the habitat was in good condition, not disturbed by human activities. The conservation status of P. saxatilis may better be considered as ���Endangered��� (IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2019)., Published as part of Zhang, Ting-Ting, Zhang, Shu-Mei, Xu, Liang & Kang, Ting-Guo, 2022, Pulsatilla saxatilis (Ranunculaceae), a new species from north-east China, pp. 195-202 in Phytotaxa 539 (2) on pages 195-200, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.539.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6358199

Flavonoids are widely distributed in the plant kingdom and possess a variety of biological activities, such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-viral activities. Due to the structural diversity and biological activity, flavonoid derivatives isolated from Verbenaceae family have received a lot of attention by the research scholars. In this paper, a total of 150 natural flavonoids isolated from Verbenaceae and their bioactivities were summarized.

To investigate the effect of basalt fiber on the fracturing process and damage mechanism of cement-based materials under axial compression, acoustic emission (AE) signals associated with basalt fiber reinforced mortar (BFRM) with 5 kinds of volume content (0–2.0%) under axial compression were recorded. The statistical analysis of wavelet energy spectrum coefficient and wavelet decomposition coefficient was carried out after threshold de-noising and noise evaluation of original signals by discrete wavelet transform (DWT) based on Mallat algorithm. Results show that the axial compressive strength and the acoustic emission activities decrease with the increase of fiber content. During the fracturing process of basalt fiber reinforced mortar under axial compression, the major energy frequency band concentrates on ca7 (seventh decomposition layers, 0–19.5 kHz), cd5 (fifth decomposition layers, 78–156 kHz) and cd4 (fourth decomposition layers, 156–312.5 kHz) bands corresponding to the wavelet transform. The wavelet energy spectrum coefficient of ca7 and cd4 bands shows distinct phased characteristics, which can be used to identify the damage degree, while the sudden increase in that of cd6 band can serve as a final failure precursor of the specimen. The variation of wavelet energy spectrum coefficient of ca7 and cd4 bands can be used to evaluate the crack resistance of basalt fiber. The maximum wavelet decomposition coefficient and the number of wavelet decomposition coefficient can be used to identify the degree of damage. The statistical analysis of wavelet energy spectrum coefficient and wavelet decomposition coefficient provides an innovative idea for evaluating internal damage of cement-based materials.

Background: Central precocious puberty (CPP) is one of the most common and complex problems in clinical pediatric endocrinology practice. Mutation of the MKRN3 gene can cause familial CPP.Methods and Results: Here we reported a Chinese patient bearing a novel MKRN3 mutation (c.G277A/p.Gly93Ser) and showing the CPP phenotype. Functional studies found that this mutation of MKRN3 attenuated its autoubiquitination, degradation, and inhibition on the transcriptional activity of GNRH1, KISS1, and TAC3 promoters.Conclusion: MKRN3 (Gly93Ser) is a loss-of-function mutation, which attenuates the inhibition on GnRH1-related signaling, suggesting that this mutant can lead to central precocious puberty.

Additional file 4. The original gel/blot images presented in this study.

Additional file 1. SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Primers used in this study.

Additional file 3. The coding and protein sequences of MdCIP1, MdCOP1, AtCIP1 and AtCOP1.

Additional file 2: Table S1–4. The data of hypocotyl length and anthocyanin content presented in this study.

Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1. Characteristics of patients and cycles between the NC-IUI and COS-IUI groups stratified by TPSMC.

Additional file 2: Supplemental Figure 1. Consort diagram. IUI, intrauterine insemination; NC, natural cycle; COS, controlled ovarian stimulation; *including one heterotopic pregnancy; # two patients gave birth to a single child in the first cycle and planned to have a second child; ## one patient gave birth to a single child in the fourth cycle and planned to have a second child.

Additional file 1. SPIRIT 2013 checklist: recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents.

Pyroptosis participates in the formation and development of atherosclerosis (As) by promoting inflammatory factor release and is closely related to the stability of atherosclerotic plaque. MicroRNAs can regulate the expression of target genes at the posttranscriptional level. Previous studies have shown that miR-125a-5p increases in hyperlipidemic-hyperglycemic conditions and is involved in apoptosis, but its specific role in pyroptosis and As remains unclear. We propose that miR-125a-5p may be implicated in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced vascular endothelial cells (VECs) pyroptosis and therefore conducted the current study. We observed that miR-125a-5p can inhibit tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2) expression at the posttranscription level, resulting in abnormal DNA methylation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased reactive oxygen species production, activated nuclear factor-κB that induces activation of inflammasome and maturation, release of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, and pyroptosis. Given the role of VECs in vascular physiology, oxLDL-induced VEC pyroptosis may promote the development of As. Our current study reveals a novel pathway associated with pyroptosis program regulation, which comprises miR-125a-5p and TET2 in VECs. Modulation of their expression levels may serve as a potential target for therapeutic strategies of As.

In order to study the uniaxial tensile damage characteristics of steel fiber reinforced concrete at medium loading rate, tests at different steel fiber contents up to 1.5 % are performed and the acoustic emission wavelet energy spectrum is analyzed. Within the 20 to 40 kHz band, the peak frequency decreases with the increase of the steel fiber content at all damage stages. The peak frequency is affected by the size and the number of cracks, while the latter has a stronger effect. With the accumulation of damage, the amplitude and the energy of the waveform increase, the energy proportion in the low frequency bands also shows the same trend, but the peak frequency decreases. Thus, a nondestructive means for identifying the damage stage is provided.

Holmium was used as a dopant to boost the low-temperature NH3-SCR performance of Ce/TiO2 catalyst. It was ascertained that certain amount of Ho-doping species could exceedingly improve the low-temperature SCR activity under 60 000 h−1 of Ce/TiO2, accompanied with the improvement of tolerance to H2O and SO2 at 200°C. Characterization results manifested that Ho modification could not only result in inhibiting the growth of TiO2 crystals and the enlargement of surface specific area but also lead to the enhanced redox ability and the increased amount of surface-adsorbed substances, all of which could promote the low-temperature NH3-SCR performance of Ce/TiO2.

Table S1. Primer sequences of target genes for qPCR. (DOCX 14 kb)

With the development of microelectronics and the miniaturization of electronic devices, the use of molecular materials to construct various components in electronic circuits has become a most likely development trend. Compared with silicon-based semiconductor components, molecular electronic device has the advantages of small size, high integration, low energy consumption and fast response. In recent years, more and more molecules have been used to design molecular devices such as molecular diodes, molecular switches, molecular field effect transistors and molecular memories. In this paper, sandwich structure devices based on graphene nanoribbon electrodes are constructed. The first-principles calculation method combining density functional theory and non-equilibrium Green’s function is adopted to design the molecular devices with functional characteristics. The effects of redox reactions on the electrical transport properties of molecular devices are systematically discussed. The main research contents of this paper are as follows. The switching characteristics of an anthraquinone molecular device based on graphene electrode are studied. The zigzag-edge nanoribbons and armchair-edge graphene nanoribbons are selected as electrodes. Considering the two isomers of anthraquinone (HQ) and anthraquinone (AQ) molecules in the redox reaction, the double electrode molecular junction is constructed. The effects of redox reaction and electrode structure on the switching characteristics of anthraquinone molecular devices are discussed. It is found that the current in the HQ configuration is significantly greater than that in the AQ configuration, regardless of the zigzag-edge graphene electrode or the armchair-edge graphene electrode. That is, under the redox reaction, the anthraquinone molecules show significant switching characteristics. The switching ratio of zigzag-edge graphene electrode is selected to reach a maximum of 3125, and that of armchair-edge graphene electrode is selected to maximum of 1538. In addition, when the armchair-edge graphene is used as an electrode in the HQ configuration, the negative differential resistance is obviously between 0.7 and 0.9 V.

In this paper, a new fractional-order chaotic system was studied, and the basic dynamic properties of the new system were analyzed. The control of the new system in unstable equilibrium point was realized by designing the reasonable nonlinear controller. Further, we investigated the projective synchronization problem about fractional order chaotic systems with different dimensions, the appropriate controller was designed to achieve the projective synchronization of a four-dimensional drive system and a threedimensional response system by reducing the dimension. With the numerical simulation of Matlab, the feasibility of the scheme was verified.

To detect the expression level of ICOS on Th9 cells in mice infected withTwenty-five mice withCompared with that 0 week after the infection, the proportion of Th9 cells in CD4In[

Genus Chaetolonchaea Czerny, 1934 Chaetolonchaea Czerny, 1934: 26 ���27, as subgenus of Earomyia Zetterstedt. Type-species: Lonchaea dasyops Meigen, 1826 by original designation. Diagnosis. The genus can be distinguished from other Lonchaeinae genera by the following characters: length 4���6 mm, body colour black. Lunule bare; genae wide and setulose; post-stigmatical setae absent; margin of scutellum with additional setulae between the 4 setae, some of these located anterior to the lateral setae, none between apical setae; legs entirely black; femora with strong setae on posterior surface of front and mid femora, and anterior surface of hind femur; wing milky yellow to pale brown; calypteres whitish with yellowish margins and fringes. Male abdomen t5 usually bearing a row of spinules at apex. Male terminalia: surstyli with 1���3 strong prensisetae., Published as part of Zhang, Ting-Ting, Liu, Fang, Macgowan, Iain & Xue, Ming, 2017, A new species of Chaetolonchaea Czerny (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) from China, a larval pest on chives, pp. 358-366 in Zootaxa 4250 (4) on page 359, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4250.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/495305

Key to World species of Chaetolonchaea (Revised after McAlpine 1982) 1. Entire body dulled by silver-grey pollinosity, eye hairs short or much shorter than width of parafacial...................2 - Body mainly subshining black, eye hairs long to short.........................................................3 2. Pre-scutellar area (between base of scutellum and transverse row of strong scutal setae) with 1–3 setulae, antennal flagellomere 2x as long as wide, male frons silvery pruinose (NE China)..................................... C. pruinosa Morge - Pre-scutellar area bare, antennal flagellomere 1.25–1.4x as long as wide, male frons dull greyish pruinose (NE China)............................................................................................. C. pellicula Morge 3. Orbital plate, in addition to orbital seta, with one or more setulae, eye hairs longer than the width of parafacial in both sexes, katepisternum usually with 3 strong setae, hind femur usually with 4–5 outstanding anteroventral setae. Male terminalia: Surstylus with usually only 1 strong prensiseta. Large, coarsely bristled, densely long setulose species (Europe)................................................................................................... C. dasyops (Meigen) - Orbital plate bare, eye hairs shorter than the width of parafacial at least in females, usually with 2 katepisternal setae, hind femur with 1–2 anteroventral setae. Male terminalia: Surstylus with 2–3 prensisetae. Smaller species with sparser and shorter setulae..............................................................................................4 4. Eye hairs long, in male about as long as width of parafacial, in female distinctly longer than width of an ommatidium, easily seen................................................................................................5 - Eye hairs short, in male much shorter than width of parafacial, in female not or scarcely longer than width of an ommatidium, sparse and scarcely discernable...........................................................................6 5. Facial carina narrow, between bases of antennae about 0.3x as wide as narrowest part of parafacial (in females wider). Gena, at narrowest point about 0.2x as wide as height of eye. Male terminalia: in posterior view apex of cerci forming two lobes with a U-shaped incision between (Russian far-east)................................................. C. gracilis Czerny - Facial carina broader, between bases of antennae about 0.6x as wide as narrowest part of parafacial. Gena, at narrowest point about 0.3x as wide as height of eye. Male terminalia: in posterior view with apex of cerci bluntly pointed. (N. America)...................................................................................... C. americana McAlpine 6. Frontal carina broad, at narrowest point between bases of antennae fully 0.6x as wide as parafacial, prescutellar area with approximately 6–7 setulae, wing membrane orange-yellow especially at base (Europe)............... C. brevipilosa Czerny - Frontal carina narrow, at narrowest point between bases of antennae scarcely 0.3x as wide as parafacial, prescutellar area with approximately 2–4 setulae, wing membrane creamy yellow....................................................7 7. Black setulae of vein C extending to a point about 1/3 of distance between apices of vein R2+3 and vein R4+5; distance between apices of vein Sc and vein R1 longer than greatest width of costal cell. Male terminalia: in posterior view apex of cerci bluntly pointed (Fig. 18) (Europe).......................................................... C. pallipennis (Zetterstedt) - Black setulae of vein C extending to end of vein R4+5; distance between apices of vein Sc and vein R1 shorter than greatest width of costal cell. Pre-scutellar area with 1–3 setulae, antennal flagellomere 1.6x as long as wide. Male terminalia: in posterior view apex of cerci forming two rounded lobes with a V-shaped incision between (Fig. 14) (N. China)................................................................................................. C. alliumi Zhang et Xue

Key to World species of Chaetolonchaea (Revised after McAlpine 1982) 1. Entire body dulled by silver-grey pollinosity, eye hairs short or much shorter than width of parafacial...................2 - Body mainly subshining black, eye hairs long to short.........................................................3 2. Pre-scutellar area (between base of scutellum and transverse row of strong scutal setae) with 1���3 setulae, antennal flagellomere 2x as long as wide, male frons silvery pruinose (NE China)..................................... C. pruinosa Morge - Pre-scutellar area bare, antennal flagellomere 1.25���1.4x as long as wide, male frons dull greyish pruinose (NE China)............................................................................................. C. pellicula Morge 3. Orbital plate, in addition to orbital seta, with one or more setulae, eye hairs longer than the width of parafacial in both sexes, katepisternum usually with 3 strong setae, hind femur usually with 4���5 outstanding anteroventral setae. Male terminalia: Surstylus with usually only 1 strong prensiseta. Large, coarsely bristled, densely long setulose species (Europe)................................................................................................... C. dasyops (Meigen) - Orbital plate bare, eye hairs shorter than the width of parafacial at least in females, usually with 2 katepisternal setae, hind femur with 1���2 anteroventral setae. Male terminalia: Surstylus with 2���3 prensisetae. Smaller species with sparser and shorter setulae..............................................................................................4 4. Eye hairs long, in male about as long as width of parafacial, in female distinctly longer than width of an ommatidium, easily seen................................................................................................5 - Eye hairs short, in male much shorter than width of parafacial, in female not or scarcely longer than width of an ommatidium, sparse and scarcely discernable...........................................................................6 5. Facial carina narrow, between bases of antennae about 0.3x as wide as narrowest part of parafacial (in females wider). Gena, at narrowest point about 0.2x as wide as height of eye. Male terminalia: in posterior view apex of cerci forming two lobes with a U-shaped incision between (Russian far-east)................................................. C. gracilis Czerny - Facial carina broader, between bases of antennae about 0.6x as wide as narrowest part of parafacial. Gena, at narrowest point about 0.3x as wide as height of eye. Male terminalia: in posterior view with apex of cerci bluntly pointed. (N. America)...................................................................................... C. americana McAlpine 6. Frontal carina broad, at narrowest point between bases of antennae fully 0.6x as wide as parafacial, prescutellar area with approximately 6���7 setulae, wing membrane orange-yellow especially at base (Europe)............... C. brevipilosa Czerny - Frontal carina narrow, at narrowest point between bases of antennae scarcely 0.3x as wide as parafacial, prescutellar area with approximately 2���4 setulae, wing membrane creamy yellow....................................................7 7. Black setulae of vein C extending to a point about 1/3 of distance between apices of vein R2+3 and vein R4+5; distance between apices of vein Sc and vein R1 longer than greatest width of costal cell. Male terminalia: in posterior view apex of cerci bluntly pointed (Fig. 18) (Europe).......................................................... C. pallipennis (Zetterstedt) - Black setulae of vein C extending to end of vein R4+5; distance between apices of vein Sc and vein R1 shorter than greatest width of costal cell. Pre-scutellar area with 1���3 setulae, antennal flagellomere 1.6x as long as wide. Male terminalia: in posterior view apex of cerci forming two rounded lobes with a V-shaped incision between (Fig. 14) (N. China)................................................................................................. C. alliumi Zhang et Xue, Published as part of Zhang, Ting-Ting, Liu, Fang, Macgowan, Iain & Xue, Ming, 2017, A new species of Chaetolonchaea Czerny (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) from China, a larval pest on chives, pp. 358-366 in Zootaxa 4250 (4) on page 359, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4250.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/495305, {"references":["McAlpine, J. F. (1982) Review of the genus Chaetolonchaea Czerny, with description of a new species from North America (Diptera: Lonchaeida). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington, 10, 118 - 124."]}

Chaetolonchaea alliumi Zhang et Xue (Figs. 1���16, 21���28) Diagnosis. Body subshining black. Hairs on compound eyes very short and sparse. Frons covered by sparse short setulae. Gena 0.2x as high as head. Black setulae of vein C extend to the end of vein R4+5; distance between apices of vein Sc and vein R1 is shorter than greatest width of costal cell. There are 1���3 lateral setulae between basal and apical scutellar setae. Cerci are wider than high in posterior view. The basal margin of cerci is nearly straight while the apical margin with a central V-shaped incision; surstylus with 3 prensisetae, the anterior very small, the posterior rather large and strongly curved inward. Description. Adult. Male (Figs. 1, 25). Body length 4.0���5.0 mm; wing length 4.2���4.9 mm. Head (Fig. 3); subshining black. Eyes reddish brown, sparsely short yellow haired; the longest hairs a little shorter than width of parafacial. Ocellar triangle shining black with strong ocellar setae. Frons gradually narrowed toward lunule, pale grey pollinose with approximately 12 frontal and interfrontal setulae, about 0.5x as long as orbital seta. Width of frons just above lunule 0.67x as wide as one eye in frontal view. Orbital plate pale grey pruinose; orbital seta strong, no setulae present. Lunule and face black, pale grey pruinose without setulae. Parafacial densely silvery pollinose. Gena broad, about 0.2x as high as head in lateral view, with 3���4 rows of setulae on lower part. Antennae entirely brownish black with brown pubescence; pedicel with a strong dorsal seta, first flagellomere 1.6x as long as deep; arista pubescent, 3.0x as long as 1st flagellomere. Proboscis brown. Palpus black, covered with black setulae. Thorax (Fig. 2); scutum subshining black, covered with short setulae. Prescutellar area with 2 setulae. Anepisternum with 5 strong seta along posterior margin, covered in setulae except anteriorly. Katepisternum with 2 strong setae near dorsal margin, anterior weaker than posterior, remainder of sclerite with a few scattered setulae, bare posterior to the strong setae. Anepimeron and katepimeron bare. Scutellum subshining black, on margin with one setula anterior to basal seta and 1���3 setae between basal and apical setae, bare between apical setae. Legs entirely black. Setae on posteroventral suface of front and mid femora (only apical part of mid femur) stronger than those on other parts of the legs; hind femur with 2 strong sub-apical anteroventral setae; mid tibia with strong apical ventral seta. Wing (Fig. 7) hyaline, tinged in pale yellow, 2.4x as long as wide; veins brownish yellow; vein C with 1 strong seta before crossvein h; black setulae of vein C extending to end of vein R4+5; distance between apices of vein Sc and vein R1 0.83x as long as greatest width of costal cell. Calypteres whitish yellow with yellow margins and fringes. Halter black with stem yellowish brown. Abdomen; tergites subshining black, slightly longer and narrower than thorax, cone-shape, tapering toward apex. Tergite 5 longer than combined length of tergite 3 and 4; with a small mid-apical process and 7 short denticles along each postero-lateral margin. Male terminalia (Figs. 11���14): Epandrium wider than high in lateral view, about semi-circular in shape. Cerci wider than high in posterior view, basal margin extended laterally, nearly straight but with tiny median cuspides in posteroventral view, apical margin divided into 2 rounded lobes with a V-shaped incision between them. Surstylus extending anteriorly from shell of epandrium separated into two parts; anterior part as a bar with round, expanded and setulose tip, the posterior part triangular with 3 black acute prensisetae. The anterior prensiseta very small, the posterior one large and strongly curved inward. Phallus little developed, two segmented, basiphallus short and rather membraneous; distiphallus ampuliform, slender, narrower apically, apical rod slightly curved ventrally. Female (Figs. 4���6, 26): Most characters similar to male, but eyes widely separated on frons; frons nearly parallel-sided and about 2.0x as wide as width of one eye in frontal view. Parafacial shining black with narrow silvery border along eyes. Hairs on eyes sparse and shorter than diameter of ocellus. Female terminalia (Figs. 15, 16): Apical segment of aculeus bullet-shaped with preapical dorsal setae about 0.5x length of sub-basal dorsal setae; slightly shorter than subapical ventral setae. Egg (Fig. 21). Length 1.7���1.8 mm; width 0.4 mm. Spindle shape in outline. Ivory white in color with short longitudinal sculptures entire surface. A pair of longitudinal grooves from micropyle to middle of the egg. Larva (Figs. 22���24, 27, 28). Slender, peg-shaped, ivory white in color. Anterior spiracle with 9���12 fingerlike projections arranged fan-wise. Posterior spiracles each on a raised tumplike tubercle, round, smooth around, without any lobe or ridge. Each posterior spiracle with 3 oval radially arranged slits, at right angles to one another, without spiracular hairs. Head skeleton; (terminology follows Rotheray, 2016) The head skeleton shows the typical attributes of a phytophage; basal sclerite with dorsal cornu long and thin, ventral cornu 2.5x as wide and slightly longer, with a well-developed dorsal apodeme, dorsal bridge well developed, dental sclerite relatively large and stout with long pointed mandibles, dental apodeme well developed. Puparium (Figs. 8���10). Length 4.6���6.0 mm; width 1.7���2.3 mm. Spindle shape in outline. Reddish brown in color. Posterior spiracles round and distinct, anterior spiracles projecting. Specimens examined. Holotype: &male;, CHINA, Shandong, Taian, Ningjiajiezhuang, 2013. IX. 5, Ming Xue (SDAU). Paratype: 1&male;, CHINA, Shandong, Taian, Ningjiajiezhuang, 2014. IX. 12, Ming Xue (SDAU); 1&male; 1&female;, CHINA, Shandong, Taian, Ningjiajiezhuang, 2016. IX. 1 (bulb of chives (Allium tuberosum)/larvae [2015. X.23]/ puparia [2015. XI.2]), Fang Liu (SDAU); 1&male; 1&female;, CHINA, Shandong, Jinan, Changqing, 2015. IX. 15, Fang Liu (SDAU); 1&male; 1&female;, CHINA, Shandong, Weifang, Changle county, Tangwu town, 2016. IX. 8, Fang Liu (SDAU); 1&male; 1&female;, CHINA, Shandong, Taian, Ningjiajiezhuang, 2016. IX. 1 (bulb of chives (Allium tuberosum)/larvae [2015. X.23]/puparia [2015. XI.2]), Fang Liu (IZCAS). Distribution. China (Shandong). Etymology. The species is named after its host chives (Allium tuberosum Rottl. ex Spreng.) Remarks. The new species is most similar to Chaetolonchaea pallipennis (Zetterstedt, 1855) (Figs. 17���20) from Europe in that the eye hairs short and katepisternum has 2 strong setae, but it can be separated from the latter in the following characters: frons with sparse short setulae; black setulae on vein C extend to the end of vein R4+5; distance between apices of vein Sc and vein R1 shorter than greatest width of costal cell; male terminalia: in posterior view cerci with basal margin nearly straight and apically forming two rounded lobes with a V-shaped incision between; surstylus with 3 prensisetae of which the anterior one is very small and the posterior one rather large and strongly curved inward. In Chaetolonchaea pallipennis, hairs on frons are much longer and denser; the black setulae of vein C extend to a point about 1/3 of distance between apices of vein R2+3 and vein R4+5; distance between apices of vein Sc and vein R1 longer than greatest width of costal cell; cerci more rounded in posterior view; male terminalia (Figs. 17��� 20): in posterior view cerci coming to a blunt point at apex with small lateral projections, surstylus with prensisetae but the anterior although smaller not markedly smaller than the others. Currently the new species is only found on Chinese chives (Allium tuberosum Rottl. ex Spreng.), causing serious losses in some parts of China. The larva drills the underground root and bulb of the chives (Figs. 27, 28) resulted in yellowing, poor growth of the plant, even whole death. Detail information of the biology about this species will be reported in other papers., Published as part of Zhang, Ting-Ting, Liu, Fang, Macgowan, Iain & Xue, Ming, 2017, A new species of Chaetolonchaea Czerny (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) from China, a larval pest on chives, pp. 358-366 in Zootaxa 4250 (4) on pages 361-366, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4250.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/495305, {"references":["Rotheray, G. E. (2016) Improving knowledge of the cyclorrhaphan larva (Diptera). Journal of Natural History, 50 (35 - 36), 2169 - 2198."]}

In the computer-aided medical diagnosis, the problem of missing attribute values in many medical data sets brings a great challenge to data mining. To solve the problem, this paper proposes a method based on density clustering and grey relational analysis. It provides an effective solution for missing medical data. The method uses the characteristic and degree of data samples dynamic relation and the existing attribute value information to impute the missing value, in order to alleviate the difficulty brought by missing data for aided medical diagnosis. By comparison with the experiment, the proposed method can effectively solve the classification problem which causes by missing medical attribute value, accurately predict the patient’s health and provide the help to doctor’s diagnosis.

In the practical application of crowdsourcing, some unreliable workers have emerged due to profit driven. Their results seriously reduce the quality and bring about the initiator’s judgment biases. In this paper, we creatively put forward a crowdsourcing fraud detection method based on psychological behavior analysis to find out the spammer according to the psychological difference between deception and reliable behavior by means of Ebbinghaus forgetting curve. Furthermore, we constructed an online crowdsourcing experiment platform to verify the validity of our method. As a result, filtration recall and precision attained 0.93 and 0.79 respectively. Moreover, the overall LAM was decreased by 3.7% and AUC increased by 8% before and after filtration. Experimental results show that our method is effective and feasible.

With the experimental advances in microscale fabrication technology, the designing of functional devices by using single molecules has become one of the most promising methods for the next generation of electronic devices. Molecular rectifier, as a basic component almost for any electronic device, has become a research hotspot in molecular electronics. Recently, one-dimensional graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) which cut off from the novel two-dimensional material-graphene were used as the electrodes for several molecular devices due to their unique electronic structures and transport characteristics. The GNRs have less serious contact problems than metallic electrode materials like gold. In this paper, we investigate the rectifying performances of oligo phenylene ethynylene molecular devices based on graphene electrodes by using the density-functional theory and the non-equilibrium Green's function method. The effect of functional group on the rectifying performances of molecular device is discussed. The results show that the functional group plays a significant role in determining the rectifying performances of oligo phenylene ethynylene molecular device. The rectifying ratio can be effectively tuned by the functional group: adding the donor group (NH2) can lead to the positive rectifying phenomenon, adding the acceptor group (NO2) can trigger the negative rectifying phenomenon, and simultaneously adding NH2 and NO2 groups can bring about an alternate phenomenon between positive and reverse rectifying . The physical mechanism of the rectifying behavior is explained based on the transmission spectra and molecular projected self-consistent Hamiltonian. The transmission spectra of four models (M1-M4) bias voltages in range from-1.0 V to 1.0 V are given. The main transmission peak of M1 for positive bias is similar to that for negative bias, resulting in a weak rectification ratio. However, for M2 and M3, the main transmission peaks for positive and negative bias are significantly different from each other, which shows obviously a rectifying behavior. For M4, the main transmission peak is higher for the bias of (0.44-0.83 V) and also for the bias (0.95-1.00 V), showing an alternate phenomenon between positive and reverse rectifying. The maximum rectification ratio reaches 2.71 by adding an acceptor group (NO2), which suggests that this system has attractive potential applications in future molecular circuit.

Graphene nanostructures with defined edges are proposed as a promising platform for the realization of nano-electronics and spin-electronics. However, patterned graphene nanostructure can lead to extra damage and drastically reduce its charge carrier mobility due to the edge disorder. The high flexibility of a top-down patterning method with edge smoothness is extremely desirable. Hydrogen plasma enhanced anisotropic etching graphene is demonstrated to be an efficient method of fabricating zigzag-edge graphene nanostructures. In addition, boron nitride is shown to be an excellent substrate for graphene due to its atomic flatness. Here in this work, we fabricate zigzag edge graphene antidot lattices on a boron nitride substrate via dry transfer method and traditional electron beam lithography, and reactive ion etching followed by hydrogen anisotropic etching approach. At low magnetic fields, weak localization is observed and its visibility is enhanced by intervalley scattering on antidot edges. We observe commensurate features in magnetotransport properties which stem from carriers around one antidot, signifying the high quality of our patterned samples. At high magnetic field, crossover from Shubnikov-de Haas oscillation to quantum Hall effect can be clearly observed due to the high mobility of our zigzag edge graphene antidot lattices. The transport properties of our patterned samples suggest that our fabrication method paves the way for achieving high quality graphene antidot lattices. High quality zigzag edge graphene antidot lattice might be a great platform to study the transport properties of lateral superlattice potential modulation graphene.

Nasimyia elongoverpa sp. nov. (Figs. 10 ���18, 30���31, 34) Diagnosis. Male eyes dichoptic; colour of tarsi pale, hind femur yellowish white, darkened only in middle, apical half of hind femur not thickened, female tip of hind femur black and thickened; hind basitarsus yellowish white, not expanded in both sexes; hind margin of genital capsule with a pair distinct protuberances; gonostylus with an inward curved tip and a spine at basal inner margin; aedeagal complex bipartite, distinctly elongated. Description. Male, body length 6.0 mm, wing length 5.0 mm. Head (Figs. 10, 12, 30) distinctly broader than thorax, shining black. Ocellar tubercle small, shining black, distinctly prominent, almost bare. Eyes (Fig. 30) reddish brown, separated, upper facets larger than lower ones. Upper frons narrowing towards apex, the narrowest point, midway between the frontal ocellus and antennal base, frons is about 0.12 times as wide as head, shining black, lateral margin along eyes with white pubescent stripes. Antenna (Fig. 15) twice as long as head, scape and pedicel yellowish brown, with sparse darker hairs, scape cupshaped, about twice as long as pedicel, first and second flagellomeres yellowish brown, remaining flagellomeres black, with black short hairs; the length of each flagellomere longer than wide; relative lengths of antennal scape, pedicel and flagellomeres 2.0:1.0:2.0: 1.5: 1.5: 1.5: 1.4:1.0:2.0:2.0, relative widths of antennal scape, pedicel and flagellomeres 0.8: 0.6: 0.8: 0.6: 0.5: 0.4: 0.3: 0.3: 0.2: 0.2. Occiput shining black with sparse, light, short hairs. Proboscis yellow, but the base dark brown, with sparse long yellow hairs. Palpus dark brown. Thorax (Figs. 10, 12) slender, black, but postpronotal and postalar callus yellow, scutellum with yellowish white hind margin, scutum with dense punctation and decumbent grey short hairs; pleura with light hairs, but anepisternum bare. Wings (Fig. 14) mostly hyaline, but with a median transverse dark spot near discal cell and a subapical dark spot filling entire cell r 4; wing with microtrichia over most of surface; veins and stigma dark brown. Legs (Fig. 12) yellowish white, with short light yellow hairs, but hind coxa dark brown to black, apical 2 / 3 of hind femur light brown to dark brown with dark hairs, hind tibiae yellow but slightly darker at middle, apical half of hind femur thickened. Halter black with yellow stem. Abdomen (Figs. 10, 12) slender, distinctly narrower than thorax, about 0.4 times as broad as thorax; tergite 1 narrowing posteriorly; middle of tergite 2 narrowest, remaining tergites broadened with tip of tergite 5, the widest part of abdomen; abdominal dorsum shining black, laterally brown, with dense punctation and sparse grey hairs; venter same as dorsum. Male terminalia (Figs. 16���18) exposed; epandrium heart-shape, with light short hairs; proctiger small, hidden under epandrium, only its tip visible; hind margin of genital capsule with a pair of distinct protuberance; gonostylus with an aduncate tip and a spine at basal inner margin; aedeagal complex well developed and elongated, bipartite, with tooth-like protuberances. Female (Figs 11, 13, 31). Body length 6.7���7.2 mm, wing length 5.0���6.0 mm. Similar to male except as follows: frons distinctly broader than in male, lateral sides almost parallel, narrowest width of frons 0.25 x head width, shining black, with irregular lateral spots formed by white tomentum; width of head 1.1 times as broad as thorax, length of head equal to 0.6 its width in dorsal view, and to 0.7 its height in lateral view; apical 2 / 3 of hind tibia black and thickened; abdominal venter completely black. Specimens examined: Holotype 3, CHINA, Yunnan Province, Baoshan, Mts. Gaoligong (24 �� 58 ���N, 98 �� 48 ���E), 1800���2000m, 14.V. 2011, Zaihua Yang leg. (GAFC). Paratypes: 113, 2����, same data as in the holotype, (GAFC); 13, 3����, with same locality label as in the holotype but dates 29.V.- 3.VI. 2009, Zaihua Yang & Bin Li leg. (GUGC). Geographical distribution (Fig. 34), China (Yunnan). Etymology. The name refers the relatively long aedeagal complex. Remarks. This new species is very similar to N. eurytarsa, but can be distinguished from it by the separated male eyes; tarsi wholly yellowish-white, hind basitarsus not expanded; aedeagal complex elongate and tripartite distally. The eyes of the other species are contiguous in males and hind tarsi with black hind basitarsus; the hind basitarsus is expanded distinctly; aedeagal complex well developed, bipartite, each lobe expanded distally., Published as part of Yang, Zai-Hua, Hauser, Martin, Yang, Mao-Fa & Zhang, Ting-Ting, 2013, The Oriental genus Nasimyia (Diptera: Stratiomyidae): Geographical distribution, key to species and descriptions of three new species, pp. 526-540 in Zootaxa 3619 (5) on pages 532-534, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3619.5.2, http://zenodo.org/record/221170

Nasimyia eurytarsa sp. nov. (Figs. 1 –9, 28–29, 34) Diagnosis. This species is mainly black; abdomen slender, pedunculate, tergite 2 narrowest; in both sexes the apical half of hind femur, apical 3 / 4 of hind tibia and hind basitatarsus expanded and black; gonostylus without any protuberance at the inner margin; aedeagal complex bipartite. Description. Male. Body length 7.2–7.5 mm, wing length 5.4–5.6 mm. Head (Figs. 1, 3, 28) heart-shaped in frontal view, semicircular in lateral view; width almost equal to thorax, shining black. Ocellar tubercle shining black, distinctly prominent, with sparse hairs. Posterior part of head slightly concave. Eyes reddish brown, contiguous, upper facets distinctly larger than lower. Upper frons shining black, small, with sparse yellowish white hairs on lateral margin; frons sub-triangular, black and bare, but lateral margin along eye with white tomentum. Antenna (Fig. 6) twice as long as head, scape and pedicel yellowish brown, with darker hairs, scape twice as long as pedicel; first flagellomere brown, following flagellomeres black, with densely black and short hairs; length of each flagellomere longer than its width; relative lengths of antennal scape, pedicel and flagellomeres 1.1: 0.5: 1.3: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8, relative widths of antennal scape, pedicel and flagellomeres 1.1: 1.2:1.0:1.0:1.0:1.0:1.0: 0.9:1.0:1.0. Face shining black, black hairs on center of protuberance, remainder of face with white hairs, lateral vitta consisting of white tomentum distinct along eye margin. Occiput shining black with sparse, pale short hairs. Proboscis yellowish brown, but its base darkened, with sparse hairs. Palpus black. Thorax (Figs. 1, 3) relatively stout and short, approximately 1.4 times longer than wide; black, but postpronotal callus, postalar callus and hind margin of scutellum light brown; scutum with dense punctation and decumbent golden short hairs. Pleura with light hairs, but anepisternum bare; scutellum black, with yellowish and rounded posterior margin. Wing (Fig. 5) mostly hyaline, but with a median transverse dark spot near discal cell and subapical dark spot extending over entire cell r 4; veins and stigma dark brown, wing with microtrichia over most of surface. Leg: forecoxa yellow, mid- and hindcoxa black; fore- and midfemur yellowish white; basal part of hindfemur yellowish white, gradually transitioning to black, but with yellowish white apex; basal half of fore- and midtibia and basal third of hind tibia brownish yellow, apical 3 / 4 dark brown to black; tarsi yellowish white except hind basitarsus black; apical half of hind femur and tibia expanded toward tip, hind basitarsus distinctly expanded. Halter dark with yellow stem. Abdomen (Figs. 1, 3) slender, twice as long as thorax, but distinctly narrower, basal width of tergite 1 only half of thorax, tergite 1 narrowing posteriorly, the middle of tergite 2 narrowest, remaining part of abdomen gradually broadened till hind margin of tergite 5, which is the widest part of abdomen; abdominal dorsum wholly shining black, with dense punctation and sparse gray hairs on basal half longer and erect; venter similar to dorsum. Male terminalia (Figs. 7–9) exposed, epandrium nearly heart-shaped, with sparse hairs; proctiger small, hidden beneath epandrium, only tip visible; hind margin of genital capsule with median groove; gonostylus thick, raised at outside margin, with a prismatic protuberance at basal inner margin; aedeagal complex well developed, bipartite, each lobe expended in apical half. Female (Figs 2, 4, 29). Body length 8.1 mm, wing length 6.0 mm. Similar to male except as follows: eyes separated by frons (dichoptic); frons broad, shining black, with almost parallel lateral sides, lateral margin with symmetrical irregular spots formed by white tomentum, narrowest width of frons occupying 1 / 3 of head, sternites wholly black. Specimens examined. Holotype: 3, CHINA, Yunnan Province, Baoshan, Mts. Gaoligong (24 ° 58 ’N, 98 ° 48 ’E), 1800–2400m, 29.V.- 3.VI. 2009, Zaihua Yang & Bin Li leg. (GUGC). Paratypes: CHINA, 13, 1Ƥ, same date with Holotype (GUGC). 113, 4ƤƤ, with the some locality label as the holotype but with date and collectors 15.VI. 2009, Zaihua Yang leg., (73, 4ƤƤ), 13.VI. 2009, Bin Zhang leg. (23), 13.VI. 2009, Yujian Li leg. (13), 13.VI. 2009, Jiankun Long leg. (13) (GAFC). THAILAND: 13, 1Ƥ Northern Thailand, Mae Hong Son Prov., Pangmapha Distr., near Ban Nam Rin, sweeping vegetation (bamboo), 18.V. 2011, 929m, D. Kovac leg., (19 ° 27 ’N, 98 ° 17 ’E) (SMF). Geographical distribution (Fig. 34). China (Yunnan), Thailand. Etymology. Eurys (gr.) = broad, tarsos (gr.) = foot. The name refers to the expanded hind basitarsus. Remarks. This new species is similar to N. megacephala; but can be distinguished from it by the abdomen being strongly constricted, in both sexes the apical half of the hind femur, apical 3 / 4 hind tibia and the hind basitarsus are nearly black and expanded. Both sexes of N. megacephala have the abdominal lateral margins nearly parallel, the abdomen nearly wholly black, legs yellow, at most tarsi darkened at apex and hind basitarsus not expanded.

Nasimyia rozkosnyi sp. nov. (Figure. 19 ���27, 32���33, 34) Diagnosis. This species is very similar to N. eurytarsa and N. elongoverpa. However, this species has in both sexes the lateral margins of tergites 1���3 and sternites 1���3 with yellow lateral marks; apical half of hind femur and tibia and hind basitatarsus expanded, male hind basitarsus black, female hind basitarsus yellowish white. Description. Male. Body length 6.0��� 7.1 mm, wing length 3.8���4.1 mm. Head (Figs. 19, 21, 32) slightly broader than thorax, length of head about 0.8 times as width in dorsal view, near equal to height in profile, shining black. Ocellar tubercle small, shining black, distinctly prominent, with sparse grey setae; ocelli brown yellow. Eye reddish brown, upper facets larger than the lower. Upper frons small, sub-triangular, center shining black, lateral margin along eye with white stripe formed by white pubescence. Antenna (Fig. 24) twice as long as head, scape and pedicel yellowish brown, with sparse darker hairs, scape cupshaped, twice as long as pedicel; first flagellomere yellowish brown, following flagellomeres black, with dense black short hairs; the length of each flagellomere longer than its width; relative lengths of antennal scape, pedicel and flagellomeres 1.0: 0.5: 1.2:1.0: 0.8: 0.8:1.0:1.0: 1.1: 1.2, relative widths of antennal scape, pedicel and flagellomeres 0.9: 1.2:1.0:1.0:1.0: 0.9:1.0: 1.1: 1.1: 1.1. Face shining black, with nose-like medial projection, with black hairs on the median projection, remaining setae denser and lighter; lateral vitta consisting of white tomentum distinct along eye margin. Occiput shiny black with sparse white short pubescence. Proboscis yellow, but base black, with sparse yellowish-brown long hairs. Palpus black. Thorax (Figs. 19, 21) relatively stout and short, approximately 1.4 times longer than wide; black, except postpronotal callus, postalar callus and hind margin of scutellum light brown; scutum with dense punctation and decumbent golden short hairs. Pleura with light hairs, but anepisternum nearly bare; scutellum black, with yellowish and rounded posterior margin. Wing (Fig. 23) mostly hyaline, but with a median transverse dark spot near discal cell and subapical dark spot extending over entire cell r 4; veins and stigma dark brown, wing covered with microtrichia over most of surface. Legs: fore coxa yellow, mid and hind coxae black; fore and mid femora brownish yellow, basal half of hind femur yellowish white, apical half darkened to black; fore and mid tibiae with basal half brownish yellow, apex brown to black, hind tibia black but with yellow base; tarsi yellowish white, but hind basitarsus black; hind femur and tibia thickened at apical half, hind basitarsus expended, legs with short hairs, their colour same as background colour. Halter black with yellow stem. Abdomen (Figs. 19, 21) slender, twice as long as thorax but distinctly narrower, basal width of tergite 1 only half of thorax, tergite 1 narrowing posteriorly, width of hind margin only half of basal margin, middle of tergite 2 most narrow, following part of abdomen broadened till the tip of tergite 5 being widest part of abdomen; dorsum black except pale brown to yellow lateral part on tergite 1���3; whole dorsum with dense punctation and sparse white hairs, hairs longer and more erect at base of abdomen; sternites from apical half of sternite 1 to sternite 3 yellow, remainder dark brown to black. Male terminalia (Figs. 25���27): epandrium heart-shape, with sparse hairs; proctiger very small and nearly hidden under epandrium, hind margin of genital capsule with a pair of median protuberances; gonostylus leaf-shaped; aedeagal complex tripartite. Female (Figs. 20, 22, 33). Body length 7.0 mm, wing length 4.5 mm. Size slightly larger than in male, similar to male but eyes separated, frons at narrowest point 0.25 as broad as head, with lateral margins almost parallel, shining black, symmetrical whitish pubescent spots distinct. Frons slightly protuberant just above antenna, hind basitarsus yellowish white, not expanded and black as in male. Specimens examined. Holotype: 3, CHINA, Yunnan Province, Ruili, Moli (24 ��00���N, 97 �� 49 ���E), 770m, 15.V. 2009, Zaihua Yang & Bin Li leg. (GUGC). Paratypes: CHINA: 93, 1��, same data as holotype (GUGC). 93, 13����, with same locality label as the holotype but dates 5.VI. 2011, Zaihua Yang leg.; 33, 14����, Yunnan Province, Yingjiang, Nabang (24 �� 45 ���N, 97 �� 33 ���E), 300m, 11.V. 2009 (13), 1.VI. 2011 (23, 14����), Zaihua Yang leg. (GAFC); 33, Yunnan Province, Mengla, Bubeng village, (21 �� 35 ��� 59 ���N, 101 �� 35 ���05���E), 9.V. 2009, Tingting Zhang leg (CAUC); 13, 1��, Yunnan Province, Mengla, Bubeng village, (21 �� 35 ��� 59 ���N, 101 �� 35 ���05���E), 11.V. 2009, Tingting Zhang leg (CAUC); 13, Yunnan Province, Mengla, Bubeng village, (21 �� 35 ��� 59 ���N, 101 �� 35 ���05���E), 8.V. 2009, Guoquan Wang (CAUC) leg; 13, Yunnan Province, Mengla, Longmen, (21 �� 23 ��� 45 ���N, 101 �� 38 ��� 24 ���E), 9.V. 2009, Xiaoshuan Bai leg (CAUC); 1 ��, Yunnan Province, Mengla, Yaoqu, (21 �� 43 ��� 21 ���N, 101 �� 32 ��� 42 ���E), 9.V. 2005, Xiaoshuan Bai leg (CAUC). THAILAND: 13, Mae Hong Son, Soppong, sweeping near Nam Lang river, 26.V. 2011, (19 �� 31 '06.01''N; 98 �� 15 ' 23.79 ''E), 613m, D. Kovac leg. (SMF), (= 19.518 N, 98.256 E); 23, Mae Hong Son Prov., Pangmapha Distr., near Ban Nam Rin, sweeping in seepages area, 11.V. 2011, 929m, D.Kovac leg. (19 �� 27 ��� 19.54 ���N, 98 �� 17 ���01.44���E) (FSMU); 13, Mae Hong Son Prov., Pangmapha Distr., near Ban Nam Rin, sweeping vegetation (bamboo), 18.V. 2011, 929m, D. Kovac leg., (19 �� 27 ��� 19.54 ���N, 98 �� 17 ���01.44���E); 33, 2����, Mae Hong Son Prov., Pangmapha Distr., near Ban Nam Rin, sweeping from bamboo leaves, 26.V. 2011, 929m, D. Kovac leg. (19 �� 27 ��� 19.54 ���N, 98 �� 17 ���01.44���E) (SMF); 1 ��, Mae Hong Son Prov., Pangmapha Distr., near Ban Nam Rin, sweeping from bamboo leaves, 21.V. 2011, 929m, D. Kovac leg., (19 �� 27 ��� 19.54 ���N, 98 �� 17 ���01.44���E) (FSMU); 13, Mae Hong Son Prov., Pangmapha Distr., near Ban Nam Rin, sweeping from bamboo leaves, 21.V. 2011, D. Kovac leg. (SMF); 13, Chiang Mai Prov., Mae Rim Rd., 7.6 km N Hwy11, 23.V. 2000, D. Yanega leg. (UCR) (18.87 N, 98.96 E); 13, 17 km NW Loei, 18.III. 1967, R. R. Pinger leg. (USNM), (17.47 N 101.6 E), 1200m. Geographical distribution (Fig. 34). China (Yunnan), Thailand. Etymology. The species is named after Prof. Rudolf Rozko��n��, an outstanding dipterist and scholar. He recognized this species independently from us, and was so generous to step back and provide us with all his material and notes. Remarks. The new species is very similar to N. elongoverpa and N. eurytarsa. It can be distinguished from them by the black abdomen being pale brown to yellow laterally on tergite 1���3; male hind basitarsus black and expanded, female hind basitarsus yellowish white, not expanded as in male; hind margin of genital capsule with a pair of median protuberances, gonostylus leaf-shaped, aedeagus short and tripartite distally; in N. elongoverpa and N. eurytarsa the abdominal dorsum completely black without distinctly yellow part on tergites 1���3; hind margin of genital capsule without a pair of median protuberances, aedeagus is well developed and bipartite distally, the aedeagus of N. elongoverpa is elongate and expanded in distal part; moreover, in N. elongoverpa the male and female hind basitarsus is yellow and not expanded; the gonostylus is provided with an aduncate tip and a spine at the basal inner margin; in M. eurytarsa the male and female hind basitarsus is black and expanded; gonostylus with rectangular protuberance at the inner margin of base., Published as part of Yang, Zai-Hua, Hauser, Martin, Yang, Mao-Fa & Zhang, Ting-Ting, 2013, The Oriental genus Nasimyia (Diptera: Stratiomyidae): Geographical distribution, key to species and descriptions of three new species, pp. 526-540 in Zootaxa 3619 (5) on pages 535-537, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3619.5.2, http://zenodo.org/record/221170

Nasimyia rozkosnyi sp. nov. (Figure. 19 –27, 32–33, 34) Diagnosis. This species is very similar to N. eurytarsa and N. elongoverpa. However, this species has in both sexes the lateral margins of tergites 1–3 and sternites 1–3 with yellow lateral marks; apical half of hind femur and tibia and hind basitatarsus expanded, male hind basitarsus black, female hind basitarsus yellowish white. Description. Male. Body length 6.0– 7.1 mm, wing length 3.8–4.1 mm. Head (Figs. 19, 21, 32) slightly broader than thorax, length of head about 0.8 times as width in dorsal view, near equal to height in profile, shining black. Ocellar tubercle small, shining black, distinctly prominent, with sparse grey setae; ocelli brown yellow. Eye reddish brown, upper facets larger than the lower. Upper frons small, sub-triangular, center shining black, lateral margin along eye with white stripe formed by white pubescence. Antenna (Fig. 24) twice as long as head, scape and pedicel yellowish brown, with sparse darker hairs, scape cupshaped, twice as long as pedicel; first flagellomere yellowish brown, following flagellomeres black, with dense black short hairs; the length of each flagellomere longer than its width; relative lengths of antennal scape, pedicel and flagellomeres 1.0: 0.5: 1.2:1.0: 0.8: 0.8:1.0:1.0: 1.1: 1.2, relative widths of antennal scape, pedicel and flagellomeres 0.9: 1.2:1.0:1.0:1.0: 0.9:1.0: 1.1: 1.1: 1.1. Face shining black, with nose-like medial projection, with black hairs on the median projection, remaining setae denser and lighter; lateral vitta consisting of white tomentum distinct along eye margin. Occiput shiny black with sparse white short pubescence. Proboscis yellow, but base black, with sparse yellowish-brown long hairs. Palpus black. Thorax (Figs. 19, 21) relatively stout and short, approximately 1.4 times longer than wide; black, except postpronotal callus, postalar callus and hind margin of scutellum light brown; scutum with dense punctation and decumbent golden short hairs. Pleura with light hairs, but anepisternum nearly bare; scutellum black, with yellowish and rounded posterior margin. Wing (Fig. 23) mostly hyaline, but with a median transverse dark spot near discal cell and subapical dark spot extending over entire cell r 4; veins and stigma dark brown, wing covered with microtrichia over most of surface. Legs: fore coxa yellow, mid and hind coxae black; fore and mid femora brownish yellow, basal half of hind femur yellowish white, apical half darkened to black; fore and mid tibiae with basal half brownish yellow, apex brown to black, hind tibia black but with yellow base; tarsi yellowish white, but hind basitarsus black; hind femur and tibia thickened at apical half, hind basitarsus expended, legs with short hairs, their colour same as background colour. Halter black with yellow stem. Abdomen (Figs. 19, 21) slender, twice as long as thorax but distinctly narrower, basal width of tergite 1 only half of thorax, tergite 1 narrowing posteriorly, width of hind margin only half of basal margin, middle of tergite 2 most narrow, following part of abdomen broadened till the tip of tergite 5 being widest part of abdomen; dorsum black except pale brown to yellow lateral part on tergite 1–3; whole dorsum with dense punctation and sparse white hairs, hairs longer and more erect at base of abdomen; sternites from apical half of sternite 1 to sternite 3 yellow, remainder dark brown to black. Male terminalia (Figs. 25–27): epandrium heart-shape, with sparse hairs; proctiger very small and nearly hidden under epandrium, hind margin of genital capsule with a pair of median protuberances; gonostylus leaf-shaped; aedeagal complex tripartite. Female (Figs. 20, 22, 33). Body length 7.0 mm, wing length 4.5 mm. Size slightly larger than in male, similar to male but eyes separated, frons at narrowest point 0.25 as broad as head, with lateral margins almost parallel, shining black, symmetrical whitish pubescent spots distinct. Frons slightly protuberant just above antenna, hind basitarsus yellowish white, not expanded and black as in male. Specimens examined. Holotype: 3, CHINA, Yunnan Province, Ruili, Moli (24 °00’N, 97 ° 49 ’E), 770m, 15.V. 2009, Zaihua Yang & Bin Li leg. (GUGC). Paratypes: CHINA: 93, 1Ƥ, same data as holotype (GUGC). 93, 13ƤƤ, with same locality label as the holotype but dates 5.VI. 2011, Zaihua Yang leg.; 33, 14ƤƤ, Yunnan Province, Yingjiang, Nabang (24 ° 45 ’N, 97 ° 33 ’E), 300m, 11.V. 2009 (13), 1.VI. 2011 (23, 14ƤƤ), Zaihua Yang leg. (GAFC); 33, Yunnan Province, Mengla, Bubeng village, (21 ° 35 ’ 59 ”N, 101 ° 35 ’05”E), 9.V. 2009, Tingting Zhang leg (CAUC); 13, 1Ƥ, Yunnan Province, Mengla, Bubeng village, (21 ° 35 ’ 59 ”N, 101 ° 35 ’05”E), 11.V. 2009, Tingting Zhang leg (CAUC); 13, Yunnan Province, Mengla, Bubeng village, (21 ° 35 ’ 59 ”N, 101 ° 35 ’05”E), 8.V. 2009, Guoquan Wang (CAUC) leg; 13, Yunnan Province, Mengla, Longmen, (21 ° 23 ’ 45 ”N, 101 ° 38 ’ 24 ”E), 9.V. 2009, Xiaoshuan Bai leg (CAUC); 1 Ƥ, Yunnan Province, Mengla, Yaoqu, (21 ° 43 ’ 21 ”N, 101 ° 32 ’ 42 ”E), 9.V. 2005, Xiaoshuan Bai leg (CAUC). THAILAND: 13, Mae Hong Son, Soppong, sweeping near Nam Lang river, 26.V. 2011, (19 ° 31 '06.01''N; 98 ° 15 ' 23.79 ''E), 613m, D. Kovac leg. (SMF), (= 19.518 N, 98.256 E); 23, Mae Hong Son Prov., Pangmapha Distr., near Ban Nam Rin, sweeping in seepages area, 11.V. 2011, 929m, D.Kovac leg. (19 ° 27 ’ 19.54 ”N, 98 ° 17 ’01.44”E) (FSMU); 13, Mae Hong Son Prov., Pangmapha Distr., near Ban Nam Rin, sweeping vegetation (bamboo), 18.V. 2011, 929m, D. Kovac leg., (19 ° 27 ’ 19.54 ”N, 98 ° 17 ’01.44”E); 33, 2ƤƤ, Mae Hong Son Prov., Pangmapha Distr., near Ban Nam Rin, sweeping from bamboo leaves, 26.V. 2011, 929m, D. Kovac leg. (19 ° 27 ’ 19.54 ”N, 98 ° 17 ’01.44”E) (SMF); 1 Ƥ, Mae Hong Son Prov., Pangmapha Distr., near Ban Nam Rin, sweeping from bamboo leaves, 21.V. 2011, 929m, D. Kovac leg., (19 ° 27 ’ 19.54 ”N, 98 ° 17 ’01.44”E) (FSMU); 13, Mae Hong Son Prov., Pangmapha Distr., near Ban Nam Rin, sweeping from bamboo leaves, 21.V. 2011, D. Kovac leg. (SMF); 13, Chiang Mai Prov., Mae Rim Rd., 7.6 km N Hwy11, 23.V. 2000, D. Yanega leg. (UCR) (18.87 N, 98.96 E); 13, 17 km NW Loei, 18.III. 1967, R. R. Pinger leg. (USNM), (17.47 N 101.6 E), 1200m. Geographical distribution (Fig. 34). China (Yunnan), Thailand. Etymology. The species is named after Prof. Rudolf Rozkošný, an outstanding dipterist and scholar. He recognized this species independently from us, and was so generous to step back and provide us with all his material and notes. Remarks. The new species is very similar to N. elongoverpa and N. eurytarsa. It can be distinguished from them by the black abdomen being pale brown to yellow laterally on tergite 1–3; male hind basitarsus black and expanded, female hind basitarsus yellowish white, not expanded as in male; hind margin of genital capsule with a pair of median protuberances, gonostylus leaf-shaped, aedeagus short and tripartite distally; in N. elongoverpa and N. eurytarsa the abdominal dorsum completely black without distinctly yellow part on tergites 1–3; hind margin of genital capsule without a pair of median protuberances, aedeagus is well developed and bipartite distally, the aedeagus of N. elongoverpa is elongate and expanded in distal part; moreover, in N. elongoverpa the male and female hind basitarsus is yellow and not expanded; the gonostylus is provided with an aduncate tip and a spine at the basal inner margin; in M. eurytarsa the male and female hind basitarsus is black and expanded; gonostylus with rectangular protuberance at the inner margin of base.

Nasimyia megacephala Ya n g & Ya n g, 2 0 10 (Fig. 34) N. megacephala Yang & Yang, 2010: 63. Nasimyia nigripennis Yang & Yang 2010. syn. nov. Specimens examined. CHINA: 133, 6����, Yunnan Province, Tengchong, Mt. Laifengshan, (25 ��01���N, 98 �� 57 ���E), 29.V. ��� 3.VI. 2009, Zaihua Yang & Bin Li leg (GUGC); 293, 12����, Yunnan Province, Baoshan, Mts. Gaoligong (24 �� 58 ���N, 98 �� 48 ���E), 1800���2400m, 13.VI. 2011, Zaihua Yang leg (GAFC); 33, same locality 13.VI. 2011, Jiankun Long leg; same locality 13.VI. 2011, Bin Zhang leg (GAFC); 33, 1��, Yunnan Province, Ruili, Mengxiu, Nanjingli village (24 ��06���N, 97 �� 50 ���E), 1300���1450m, 07.VI. 2011, Zaihua Yang leg (GAFC); 13, 4����, Yunnan Province, Ruili, Mengxiu, Nanjingli village (24 ��06���N, 97 �� 50 ���E), 1300���1450m, 07.VI. 2011, Zaihua Yang leg (GAFC); 16 ����, Yunnan Province, Yingjiang, Tongbiguan (24 �� 36 ���N, 97 �� 36 ���E), 1450���1700m, 03.VI. 2011, Zaihua Yang leg (GAFC); 1 ��, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna Natural Reserve, Xiao Meng Yang, (22 �� 29 ���N, 101 ��05���E), 850 m, 1957. X. 25, Lingchao Zang leg (IZCAS); 11 3, 3 ����, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna Natural Reserve Meng Yang, (22 �� 29 ���N, 101 ��05���E), 850 m, 3.V. 1957, Dahua Liu leg (IZCAS,); 1 3, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna Natural Reserve, Xiao Meng Yang, (22 �� 29 ���N, 101 ��05���E), 850m, 3.V. 1957, Fuji Pu leg (IZCAS,); 8 3, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna Natural Reserve, Xiao Meng Yang (22 �� 29 ���N, 101 ��05���E), 850m, 3.V. 1957, Shuyong Wang leg (IZCAS,); 12 3, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna Natural Reserve, Xiao Meng Yang (22 �� 29 ���N, 101 ��05���E), 850m, 3.V. 31957, Lingchao Zang leg (IZCAS); 1 ��, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna Natural Reserve, Menghun (21 �� 50 ���N, 100 �� 23 ���E), 1200 - 1400m, 1.VI. 1958, Leyi Zheng leg (IZCAS); 2 ����, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna Natural Reserve, Menghun, (21 �� 50 ���N, 100 �� 23 ���E), 1200 - 1400m, 22.V. 1958, Chunpui Hong leg (IZCAS); 1 ��, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna Natural Reserve, Menghun, (21 �� 50 ���N, 100 �� 23 ���E), 1200 - 1400m, 17.V. 1958, Xuwu Meng (IZCAS) leg; 1 ��, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna Natural Reserve Yunjinghong (21 �� 58 ���N, 100 �� 48 ���E), 850 - 900m, 26.VI. 1958, Yiran Zhang leg (IZCAS); 1 ��, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna Natural Reserve, Damenglong, 640m, 28.IV. 1957, Shuyong Wang leg (IZCAS); 1 3, Yunnan Province, Longling, (24 �� 35 ���N, 98 �� 41 ���E), 1600m, 15.V. 1955, Xike Bu, Yue Wu leg (IZCAS); 1 3, Yunnan Province, Longling, (24 �� 35 ���N, 98 �� 41 ���E), 1600m, 19.V. 1955, Yufeng Xue leg (IZCAS); 4 3, Yunnan Province, Jinping Meng La, (22 �� 39 ���N, 103 ��05���E), 400m, 24.IV. 1944, Keren Huang leg (IZCAS); 13, 1��, Yunnan Province, Jinping, Meng La (22 �� 39 ���N, 103 ��05���E), 400m, 29.IV. 1944, Keren Huang leg (IZCAS); 3 3, Guangxi Province, Daxin, Shuolong town, Detian waterfall, China / Vietnam border, (22 �� 51 ���N, 106 �� 43 ���E), 270m, 21.IV. 2012, Zaihua Yang leg. (GAFC). LAOS: 2 3, Oudomxai Prov. Namo Dist, Lao/ China border; el 1004m, (21 �� 10 'N, 101 �� 46 ' E), 2.V. 2004, leg. G.R. Ballmer (UCR). Geographical distribution (Fig. 34). China (Yunnan), Laos. Remarks. Careful reexamination of the specimens has shown that N. nigripennis is conspecific with, and therefore a junior synonym of, N. megacephala. The differences pointed out in the original description are just part of the natural variation in this species., Published as part of Yang, Zai-Hua, Hauser, Martin, Yang, Mao-Fa & Zhang, Ting-Ting, 2013, The Oriental genus Nasimyia (Diptera: Stratiomyidae): Geographical distribution, key to species and descriptions of three new species, pp. 526-540 in Zootaxa 3619 (5) on pages 528-529, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3619.5.2, http://zenodo.org/record/221170

Yang, Zai-Hua, Hauser, Martin, Yang, Mao-Fa, Zhang, Ting-Ting (2013): The Oriental genus Nasimyia (Diptera: Stratiomyidae): Geographical distribution, key to species and descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 3619 (5): 526-540, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3619.5.2

Key to the Oriental genera of Pachygastrinae (modified after Yang & Yang 2010) 1 Abdomen elongate, slender............................................................................. 2 - Abdomen fat, nearly rounded....................................................... remaining Pachygasterinae 2 Scutellum with four spines.............................................................................. 3 - Scutellum without spines............................................................................... 7 3 Last antennal segment arista-like, bare; flagellomere round to oval shaped.............................. Evaza Walker - Last antennal segment either densely covered with conspicuous setae or laterally flattened; flagellum oval to elongate, often cylindrical........................................................................................... 4 4 Antennal insertion on a frontal protrusion; vein r-m reduced to point............................................. 5 - Frons normal, without protrusion; vein r-m either absent or well developed........................................ 6 5 Flagellum kidney shaped, longer than pedicel; pedicel on inner side with a short extension into flagellum; antennae insert on a (long) conical, apically bipartite protuberance................................................ Trichochaeta Bigot - Flagellum round to spindle shaped, nearly as long as pedicel; pedicel without extension; antennae insert on two (short) hemi- spherical protuberances.................................................................. Sathroptera Kertész 6 Crossvein r-m absent........................................................................ Tinda Walker - Crossvein r-m distinctly present.............................................................. Rosapha Walker 7 Last antennal segment longer than rest of flagellum, densely haired; pedicel on inner side with finger-like extension beyond joint with flagellomere; vein R 2 + 3 starting before r-m............................................ Salduba Walker - Last antennal segment nearly equal in length, shape and pubescence to the other flagellomeres, much shorter than the rest of flagellum; pedicel without extension; vein R 2 + 3 starting beyond r-m............................................ 8 8 Antennae widely separate at base, the distance between antennae about 1 / 4 the width of the head.................................................................................................. Parastratiosphecomyia Brunetti - Antennae close together at base.......................................................................... 9 9 Face with conical, nose-like projection (Fig. 3)............................................ Nasimyia Yang & Yang - Face rounded, convex, without a nose-like projection........................................................ 10 10 Abdomen pedunculate............................................................. Stratiosphecomyia Brunetti - Abdomen not pedunculate......................................................... Pseudomeristomerinx Hollis

Key to the Oriental genera of Pachygastrinae (modified after Yang & Yang 2010) 1 Abdomen elongate, slender............................................................................. 2 - Abdomen fat, nearly rounded....................................................... remaining Pachygasterinae 2 Scutellum with four spines.............................................................................. 3 - Scutellum without spines............................................................................... 7 3 Last antennal segment arista-like, bare; flagellomere round to oval shaped.............................. Evaza Walker - Last antennal segment either densely covered with conspicuous setae or laterally flattened; flagellum oval to elongate, often cylindrical........................................................................................... 4 4 Antennal insertion on a frontal protrusion; vein r-m reduced to point............................................. 5 - Frons normal, without protrusion; vein r-m either absent or well developed........................................ 6 5 Flagellum kidney shaped, longer than pedicel; pedicel on inner side with a short extension into flagellum; antennae insert on a (long) conical, apically bipartite protuberance................................................ Trichochaeta Bigot - Flagellum round to spindle shaped, nearly as long as pedicel; pedicel without extension; antennae insert on two (short) hemi- spherical protuberances.................................................................. Sathroptera Kert��sz 6 Crossvein r-m absent........................................................................ Tinda Walker - Crossvein r-m distinctly present.............................................................. Rosapha Walker 7 Last antennal segment longer than rest of flagellum, densely haired; pedicel on inner side with finger-like extension beyond joint with flagellomere; vein R 2 + 3 starting before r-m............................................ Salduba Walker - Last antennal segment nearly equal in length, shape and pubescence to the other flagellomeres, much shorter than the rest of flagellum; pedicel without extension; vein R 2 + 3 starting beyond r-m............................................ 8 8 Antennae widely separate at base, the distance between antennae about 1 / 4 the width of the head.................................................................................................. Parastratiosphecomyia Brunetti - Antennae close together at base.......................................................................... 9 9 Face with conical, nose-like projection (Fig. 3)............................................ Nasimyia Yang & Yang - Face rounded, convex, without a nose-like projection........................................................ 10 10 Abdomen pedunculate............................................................. Stratiosphecomyia Brunetti - Abdomen not pedunculate......................................................... Pseudomeristomerinx Hollis, Published as part of Yang, Zai-Hua, Hauser, Martin, Yang, Mao-Fa & Zhang, Ting-Ting, 2013, The Oriental genus Nasimyia (Diptera: Stratiomyidae): Geographical distribution, key to species and descriptions of three new species, pp. 526-540 in Zootaxa 3619 (5) on pages 527-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3619.5.2, http://zenodo.org/record/221170

Nasimyia eurytarsa sp. nov. (Figs. 1 ���9, 28���29, 34) Diagnosis. This species is mainly black; abdomen slender, pedunculate, tergite 2 narrowest; in both sexes the apical half of hind femur, apical 3 / 4 of hind tibia and hind basitatarsus expanded and black; gonostylus without any protuberance at the inner margin; aedeagal complex bipartite. Description. Male. Body length 7.2���7.5 mm, wing length 5.4���5.6 mm. Head (Figs. 1, 3, 28) heart-shaped in frontal view, semicircular in lateral view; width almost equal to thorax, shining black. Ocellar tubercle shining black, distinctly prominent, with sparse hairs. Posterior part of head slightly concave. Eyes reddish brown, contiguous, upper facets distinctly larger than lower. Upper frons shining black, small, with sparse yellowish white hairs on lateral margin; frons sub-triangular, black and bare, but lateral margin along eye with white tomentum. Antenna (Fig. 6) twice as long as head, scape and pedicel yellowish brown, with darker hairs, scape twice as long as pedicel; first flagellomere brown, following flagellomeres black, with densely black and short hairs; length of each flagellomere longer than its width; relative lengths of antennal scape, pedicel and flagellomeres 1.1: 0.5: 1.3: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8: 0.8, relative widths of antennal scape, pedicel and flagellomeres 1.1: 1.2:1.0:1.0:1.0:1.0:1.0: 0.9:1.0:1.0. Face shining black, black hairs on center of protuberance, remainder of face with white hairs, lateral vitta consisting of white tomentum distinct along eye margin. Occiput shining black with sparse, pale short hairs. Proboscis yellowish brown, but its base darkened, with sparse hairs. Palpus black. Thorax (Figs. 1, 3) relatively stout and short, approximately 1.4 times longer than wide; black, but postpronotal callus, postalar callus and hind margin of scutellum light brown; scutum with dense punctation and decumbent golden short hairs. Pleura with light hairs, but anepisternum bare; scutellum black, with yellowish and rounded posterior margin. Wing (Fig. 5) mostly hyaline, but with a median transverse dark spot near discal cell and subapical dark spot extending over entire cell r 4; veins and stigma dark brown, wing with microtrichia over most of surface. Leg: forecoxa yellow, mid- and hindcoxa black; fore- and midfemur yellowish white; basal part of hindfemur yellowish white, gradually transitioning to black, but with yellowish white apex; basal half of fore- and midtibia and basal third of hind tibia brownish yellow, apical 3 / 4 dark brown to black; tarsi yellowish white except hind basitarsus black; apical half of hind femur and tibia expanded toward tip, hind basitarsus distinctly expanded. Halter dark with yellow stem. Abdomen (Figs. 1, 3) slender, twice as long as thorax, but distinctly narrower, basal width of tergite 1 only half of thorax, tergite 1 narrowing posteriorly, the middle of tergite 2 narrowest, remaining part of abdomen gradually broadened till hind margin of tergite 5, which is the widest part of abdomen; abdominal dorsum wholly shining black, with dense punctation and sparse gray hairs on basal half longer and erect; venter similar to dorsum. Male terminalia (Figs. 7���9) exposed, epandrium nearly heart-shaped, with sparse hairs; proctiger small, hidden beneath epandrium, only tip visible; hind margin of genital capsule with median groove; gonostylus thick, raised at outside margin, with a prismatic protuberance at basal inner margin; aedeagal complex well developed, bipartite, each lobe expended in apical half. Female (Figs 2, 4, 29). Body length 8.1 mm, wing length 6.0 mm. Similar to male except as follows: eyes separated by frons (dichoptic); frons broad, shining black, with almost parallel lateral sides, lateral margin with symmetrical irregular spots formed by white tomentum, narrowest width of frons occupying 1 / 3 of head, sternites wholly black. Specimens examined. Holotype: 3, CHINA, Yunnan Province, Baoshan, Mts. Gaoligong (24 �� 58 ���N, 98 �� 48 ���E), 1800���2400m, 29.V.- 3.VI. 2009, Zaihua Yang & Bin Li leg. (GUGC). Paratypes: CHINA, 13, 1��, same date with Holotype (GUGC). 113, 4����, with the some locality label as the holotype but with date and collectors 15.VI. 2009, Zaihua Yang leg., (73, 4����), 13.VI. 2009, Bin Zhang leg. (23), 13.VI. 2009, Yujian Li leg. (13), 13.VI. 2009, Jiankun Long leg. (13) (GAFC). THAILAND: 13, 1�� Northern Thailand, Mae Hong Son Prov., Pangmapha Distr., near Ban Nam Rin, sweeping vegetation (bamboo), 18.V. 2011, 929m, D. Kovac leg., (19 �� 27 ���N, 98 �� 17 ���E) (SMF). Geographical distribution (Fig. 34). China (Yunnan), Thailand. Etymology. Eurys (gr.) = broad, tarsos (gr.) = foot. The name refers to the expanded hind basitarsus. Remarks. This new species is similar to N. megacephala; but can be distinguished from it by the abdomen being strongly constricted, in both sexes the apical half of the hind femur, apical 3 / 4 hind tibia and the hind basitarsus are nearly black and expanded. Both sexes of N. megacephala have the abdominal lateral margins nearly parallel, the abdomen nearly wholly black, legs yellow, at most tarsi darkened at apex and hind basitarsus not expanded., Published as part of Yang, Zai-Hua, Hauser, Martin, Yang, Mao-Fa & Zhang, Ting-Ting, 2013, The Oriental genus Nasimyia (Diptera: Stratiomyidae): Geographical distribution, key to species and descriptions of three new species, pp. 526-540 in Zootaxa 3619 (5) on pages 529-532, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3619.5.2, http://zenodo.org/record/221170

In this paper, the phase diagram of the RbF–RbI system is studied by means of differential thermal analysis (DTA) firstly. The experimental data have been analysis and evaluation by using the thermodynamic calculation and the support vector machine (SVM)–atomic parameter method for the system. The results show that the phase diagram of the RbF–RbI system is of the simple eutectic type, where the eutectic is found to have the composition X(RbF) = 35 mol% (melting point ≈ 495 °C), and it is suggested that no solid solution form in the system.

In order to achieve the low-carbon construction and operation in the water system of mountainous residential district, the key link of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission of water system in mountainous residential district was studied, and GHG emission was analyzed and quantified. According to the key link of GHG emission, trying to transform the traditional mode of long distance transportation of the drainage system and the terminal sewage biological treatment to reduce the GHG emission, therefore, several low-carbon technologies in the mountainous residential district were put forward, including: the low-carbon technology of controlling water supply pressure to limiting flow, the technology of low-carbon and ecological treatment of reclaimed water and carbon sequestration technology, the ecological technology of controlling and reducing the source of rain water in the steep slope residential district, and the technology of recycling use of the non-traditional water source to reduce GHG emission from water system in mountainous residential district. By quantification the reduction of GHG emission, the results shows that, the low-carbon construction and operation technologies of water system in mountainous residential district, achieved more than 30% reduction of GHG emission from water system in mountainous residential district.

The optically polished LiNbO3 crystal was implanted with 3.0 MeV nickel ions to a dose of 8×1014 ions/cm2. The implanted sample was orderly annealed at different temperatures for different times in air ambient. The waveguide properties before and after annealing were investigated. Dark modes were observed by the prism coupling technique. The reconstructed refractive index profiles were obtained with the reflectivity calculation method. With the fibre probe technique, the attenuation of the Ni-implanted barrier-confined waveguide was measured for the first time. The waveguide loss was reduced from 1.65 dB/cm to 1.19 dB/cm when annealing was at 300 degrees C for 30 min. With the annealing temperature increasing to 370 degrees C, only fewer broad dark modes were found. It is indicated that the lattice damage by implantation began to resume under this annealing condition. After annealing at 380 degrees C for 60 min, all the dark modes disappeared.