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In this paper, we consider complex-valued solutions of the planar Schrödinger-Newton system, which can be described by minimizers of the constraint minimization problem. It is shown that there exists a critical rotational velocity $0, arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2212.00234 by other authors

BackgroundThere is growing evidence about the effect of bilateral superior cervical sympathectomy on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Studies have increasingly found that the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) plays a protective role in myocardial I/R injury. However, the precise mechanism is unknown. The present study explored the bilateral superior cervical sympathectomy’s effect and potential mechanism in mice myocardial I/R injury.MethodsThe left heart I/R injury model was created by ligating the anterior descending branch of the coronary artery for 30 min followed by reperfusion. Bilateral superior cervical sympathectomy was performed before myocardial I/R injury. To evaluate the effect of bilateral superior cervical sympathectomy on the myocardium, we examined the myocardial infarct size and cardiac function. Then, myocardial apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress were detected on the myocardium. Furthermore, the expression of STAT3 signal in myocardial tissue was measured by western blotting. To further examine the cardioprotective effect of STAT3 after bilateral superior cervical sympathectomy, the STAT3 inhibitor (static) was utilized to inhibit the phosphorylation of STAT3.ResultsThe results showed that the myocardial I/R injury decreased and the cardiac function recovered in the myocardial I/R injury after cervical sympathectomy. Meanwhile, cervical sympathectomy reduced the myocardial distribution of the sympathetic marker tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and systemic sympathetic tone. And levels of oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, and apoptosis were reduced in myocardial tissue. We also found that the STAT3 signal was activated in myocardial tissue after cervical sympathectomy. STAT3 inhibitor can partially reverse the myocardial protective effect of cervical sympathectomy.ConclusionBilateral superior cervical sympathectomy significantly alleviated myocardial I/R injury in mice. And activation of the STAT3 signal may play an essential role in this.

We consider the minimizers of $L^{2}$-critical inhomogeneous variational problems with a spatially decaying nonlinear term in an open bounded domain $\Omega$ of $\mathbb{R}^{N}$ which contains $0$. We prove that there is a threshold $a^{*}>0$ such that minimizers exist for $0a^{*}$. In contrast to the homogeneous case, we show that both the existence and nonexistence of minimizers may occur at the threshold $a^*$ depending on the value of $V(0)$, where $V(x)$ denotes the trapping potential. Moreover, under some suitable assumptions on $V(x)$, based on a detailed analysis on the concentration behavior of minimizers as $a\nearrow a^*$, we prove local uniqueness of minimizers when $a$ is close enough to $a^*$.

C44H52O14Ti2, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 15.0005(7) Å, b = 15.9478(8) Å, c = 18.4438(10) Å, V = 4412.2(4) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0372, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1089, T = 296(2) K.

Ultra-fast terahertz time-domain spectroscopy(THz-TDS) system operates based on the principle of high-speed asynchronous optical sampling. The system uses two femtosecond oscillators whose repetition frequencies can vary around 1 GHz, and uses a high-bandwidth feedback circuit to control the repetition frequencies. There is a difference of Δf in the repetition frequency between two femtosecond oscillators. One femtosecond oscillator has a repetition frequency of 1G+Δf Hz, which is the pump pulse; the other has a repetition frequency of 1G Hz, which provides the time difference between the pump pulse and the probe pulse, and the time delay varies periodically with the scanning cycle. The period can be given by 1/Δf. This system abandons the mechanical delay line necessary for the traditional THz-TDS system and uses double-photon detector to generate trigger signal. When the frequency difference between the two femtosecond laser oscillators is 1 kHz, a THz spectrum can be detected in only 1 ms, and a THz signal with a dynamic range of 21 dB and a spectral resolution of 5 GHz can be obtained in 10.3 s. Hence it can be characterized by fast detection speed and high resolution. It has incomparable advantages over the traditional THz-TDS system in the application environment that requires rapid measurement.

Additional file 4: Table S4. GC-Skew of the mitogenomes in six tortricid tribes.

Additional file 1: Table S1. The tortricid samples used in phylogenetic analyses.

Additional file 13: Table S6. Information of samples sequenced in this study.

Additional file 15: Table S8. The partitioning schemes and corresponding substitution models determined by PartitionFinder.

In this paper, lithium battery state of charge (SOC) is estimated by using sliding mode observer and H∞ filter. Firstly, through the discharge experiment, parameters of the second-order RC equivalent circuit model of battery are identified. Secondly, by combining sliding mode observer method and H∞ filtering algorithm, the SOC estimation error covariance matrix in real time is updated for adjusting the observation gain matrix. An improved sliding mode observer is designed to estimate the battery’s SOC. Simulation results show that the designed control algorithm has higher estimation accuracy, and the estimation error is lower than 5%, which is 2% higher than H∞ filtering algorithm and 7% higher than that of sliding mode observer.

For pilot fuel compression ignition natural gas (CING) engine, pre-injection strategy of pilot fuel is an important ways to improve engine performance, emissions and combustion. In this study, effects of pre-injection parameters on combustion and emissions performance were experimentally studied in a pilot diesel CING engine which was modified from a turbocharged six-cylinder diesel engine. The cylinder pressure, heart release rate (HRR), start of combustion (SOC), duration of combustion (DOC) and coefficient of variation (COV IMEP ), as well as NO x and HC emissions were analyzed. The results indicate that early pre-injection mode leads to lower cylinder pressure and HRR due to decrease of combustion intensity, and thereby lower NO x emission is obtained. In contrast, closely pre-injection timing leads to largely strengthening in combustion which is not beneficial for improving NO x emission performance. Furthermore, effects of pre-injection quantity ratio and fuel injection pressure on combustion and emissions of early pre-injection operation modes (on pre-injection timing of 70°CA BTDC) were analyzed. Increase of pre-injection quantity ratio leads to decreasing in ignition intensity which delayed SOC and slowed burning rate of in-cylinder mixture, and thereby leads to lower cylinder pressure and HRR. Due to slowing in in-cylinder combustion, combustion temperature decreased, and hence leads to lower NO x emission and higher HC emission. However, too high pre-injection quantity ratio leads to unstable ignition and even unstable combustion which is not beneficial for engine performance. Increasing fuel injection pressure leads to larger fraction of premixed quantity of injected fuel which increased ignition energy and leads to rapid combustion, and hence higher cylinder pressure and HRR were obtained. Due to the increase of burning rate of in-cylinder mixture, in-cylinder combustion temperature was increased, and hence leads to higher NO x emission and lower HC emission.

Pre-injection strategy is considered to be one of the most important ways to improve diesel engine performance, emission and combustion. It is the same important factor in pilot diesel compression ignition natural gas (CING) engine. In this study, effects of pre-injection timing on combustion and emission performances were experimentally studied in a CING engine which was modified from a turbocharged six-cylinder diesel engine. The experiments were conducted at constant speed of 1400 rpm and different engine loads with a constant fuel injection pressure of 1100 bar. Main injection timing was fixed at 10 °CA BTDC in the advance process of pre-injection timing. The cylinder pressure, heart release rate (HRR), pressure rise rate (PRR), start of combustion (SOC) and coefficient of variation (COVIMEP), as well as NOx, HC and CO emissions were analyzed. The results indicated that closely pre-injection operations lead to the advance of SOC which intensified combustion of in-cylinder mixture, thereby resulting in higher cylinder pressure, HRR and PRR, as well higher NOx emissions and lower HC and CO emissions. However, early pre-injection operations lead to lower cylinder pressure, HRR and PRR due to decreasing in combustion intensity. Pre-injection timing of 70 °CA BTDC is a conversion point in which influence of pre-injection fuel on ignition and combustion of natural gas nearly disappeared and lowest NOx emission could be obtained. Compared with single injection ignition mode, NOx emissions at the conversion point were reduced by 33%, 38% and 7% at engine load of 38%, 60% and 80% respectively. This is important for the conditions that ignition fuel quantity cannot be further reduced to slow in-cylinder combustion and NOx emission due to cooling demand of fuel injector. In addition, HC and CO emissions almost maintained in the same level as single injection ignition mode, and even have a certain reduction for some of load conditions, which indicated that early pre-injection timing strategy is effective in reducing NOx emissions.

A simple, rapid, and environmentally friendly method was developed for the determination of acrylamide and trimethylolpropane in paper packaging materials. No organic solvent was used and the matrix effect was investigated. The extract was directly analyzed by liquid chromatography with tandem mass chromatography for quantification and confirmation. The chromatographic separations were performed on a ZORBAX HILIC Plus (2.1 mm × 150 mm, 3μm; Agilent, USA) column with only one mobile phase (100% water). Calibration curves for acrylamide and trimethylopropane were achieved with concentrations ranging from 0.4 to 20 mg/kg and the corresponding r(2) values were 0.998 and 0.999, respectively. The recoveries were >85% with relative standard deviations

A method of the determination of the carbon-centred radicals in mainstream cigarette smoke using a spin-labelled fluorophore, 4-((9-acridinecarbonyl) amino)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl (TEMPO-9-AC), as a fluorescent probe is presented. After being producted by smoking in International Organization for Standardization (ISO) mode, the carbon-centred radicals in mainstream cigarette smoke were trapped by TEMPO-9-AC, a carbon-centred radical probe with a low fluorescence intensity. Then the latter was transformed to a stable diamagnetic o-alkoxyamine, a high-fluorescence compound. Finally, high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was used to demonstrate the structures of the carbon-centred radicals, and high performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD) was used to determine the concentration of the carbon-centred radicals. The results showed that the 10 carbon-centred radicals were detected in the mainstream cigarette smoke, and the total carbon-centred radicals concentrations for 1R5F, 3R4F, CM6, and two Virginia type cigarettes, were 52.5 nmol/cig, 214.6 nmol/cig, 424.1 nmol/cig, 68.6 nmol/cig, and 334.2 nmol/cig, respectively; and there was positive relation between the concentrations of the total amount of carbon-centred radicals and the tar amounts in the mainstream cigarette smoke. The detection limit was 0.318 nmol/cig, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranged from 3.5% to 9.7%. This method is suitable for the determination of the carbon-centred radicals in the mainstream cigarette smoke.

This paper reports 48 feldspar lead isotope analyses from 27 granitic intrusions, which formed from the Late Proterozic to Mesozoic within the Eastern Qinling oregenic belt. It is found that the granitic rocks of South Qinling are characterized by a strong block–effect and depletion in U–Pb and Th–Pb, showing that these rocks came from the same lead isotope tectono–geochemical province, while those of North Qinling are characterized by higher U–Pb and Th–Pb for Late Proterozoic to Early Paleozoic ones and lower U–Pb and Th–Pb for Late—Palaeozoic and younger ones in their feldspar lead isotopic composition. In the North Qinling block, lead isotopic signatures reflect that the source of granitic magma had changed since the Late Palaeozoic. Comparison of feldspar lead isotopic composition between South Qinling and North Qinling shows that there is marked difference in lead isotopic composition for pre–Palaeozoic granitoids, indicating that the South Qinling and the North Qinling blocks belong to different tectonic units, but the similarities in lead isotopic composition are quite clear, which indicates that the South Qinling block had been welded with the North Qinling block and that the magma sources of both blocks were identical. The analysis provides direct evidence for underplating of the continental crust of South Qinling beneath the North Qinling block in the continent–continent interaction stage of the Eastern Qinling oregenic belt.

We greatly thank Zhang et al. (2008-this issue) for their comments on our recent paper (Zhang et al., 2007) regarding the tectonic setting of the Indosinian granitoids in the Songpan–Garze fold belt, as it gives us an opportunity to further clarify our viewpoints. The discrepancy between Zhang et al. (2008-this issue) and Zhang et al., 2007 H.-F. Zhang, R. Parrish, L. Zhang, W.-C. Xu, H.-L. Yuan, S. Gao and Q.-G. Crowley, A-type granite and adakitic magmatism association in Songpan–Garze fold belt, eastern Tibetan Plateau: implication for lithospheric delamination, Lithos 97 (2007), pp. 323–335. Article | PDF (1219 K) | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (7)Zhang et al. (2007) is focused on the interpretation of the tectonic setting of the Indosinian A-type granite (211 ± 1 Ma) and adakitic magmatism (216–221 Ma) in the Songpan–Garze fold belt. We emphasize that these magmatic rocks formed in post-collisional tectonic setting, while Zhang et al. (2008-this issue) suggest that they were related to the northward subduction of the Jinsajian Tethys.

Geochemical and Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of five Indosinian granitoid intrusions from the western Qinling belt provide insights into basement nature and tectonic affinity. The results show that the western Qinling granitoids incline towards basic in their bulk chemical composition. The granitoids belong to high-K to shoshonitic series with K2O/Na2O=1.04–1.86 and are dominantly metaluminous with A/CNK=0.90–1.05 (most samples have A/CNK of

Systematic results of major and trace element geochemistry and Sm-Nd isotopic geochemistry on detrital sedimentary rocks of Precambrian to Triassic in the Ganzi-Songpan block and Longmen Mountains are presented. The rocks are classified into greywackes or feldspar sandstones, grains of which are the mixtures of mafic rocks, felsic rocks, and quartz+calcite. Total rare earth elements (REE) contents of the rocks increase gradually and negative Eu anomalies become more obvious from Precambrian to Triassic, which may indicate intensifying crustal anatexis. Tectonic setting was stable during the Late Paleozoic, therefore there are obvious negative Ce anomalies. Nd model ages are between 1.6 Ga and 2.4 Ga, which are very similar to those of the Yangtze craton, South Qinling and North Qinling belts and quite different from those of the North China craton. Therefore, provenance of the sedimentary rocks in the Ganzi-Songpan block and Longmen Mountains was the Yangtze craton and/or the Qinling orogen, which evolved on the basis of the Yangtze craton. The correlation between provenances and tectonostratigraphic strata of the western Yangtze craton shows that the source materials should be primarily from Neoproterozoic. Secondary sources were Archean and Paleoproterozoic strata. Triassic clastic sedimentary rocks contain Late Paleozoic mantle-derived materials, represented by the Emeishan Permian flood basalts. Spatial distribution of initial Nd isotopic compositions indicates that denudating areas were in the east and the north and depositing areas of deep water were in the west and the south for the Ganzi-Songpan basin during Triassic.

A method to determine residues of the three acid herbicides, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, and 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (dicamba), in tobacco using LC/MS/MS is presented. Because these herbicide residues in tobacco might exist in different forms (free acid, salt, and ester), tobacco samples were first pretreated by alkaline hydrolysis and then the pH was adjusted in order to convert the residues completely to their free acid forms. Dichloromethane extraction and dispersive SPE using C18 sorbent were carried out before LC/MS/MS analysis, and quantification was performed using the internal standard method. Linearity was good for all analytes (R2 ≥ 0.999) in the concentration range of 0.02 to 0.5 mg/kg. LODs were below 0.05 mg/kg. Recoveries ranged from 80.4 to 93.5%, and RSD was below 10%. This simple, efficient, and sensitive method can be applied to the determination of residues of the three acid herbicides in tobacco.

In order to explore the disputed issue concerning the tectonic affinity of the ancient ocean mantle of North Qilian Mountains (NQM), geochemical and Sr, Nd, Pb isotopic compositions of pillow basalts of the Yushigou Ophiolite (YSGO) suite from NQM have been analyzed systematically. The pillow basalts exhibit tholeiitic characteristics, with flat chondrite-normalized REE patterns ((La/Yb) N = 0.98―1.27). They display no Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf negative anomalies, and show MORB features in 2Nb-Zr/4-Y and Ti/100-Zr-Y×3 tectonic discrimination diagrams. These results indicate that the Yushigou ophiolite is most likely to be formed in a mid-ocean ridge or mature back-arc basin. Their isotopic data show a relatively broad and enriched 87 Sr/ 86 Sr (0.70509―0.70700), restricted 143 Nd/ 144 Nd (0.512955―0.512978). Pb isotopes are in the range of 206 Pb/ 204 Pb (18.054―20.562), 207 Pb/ 204 Pb (15.537―15.743) and 208 Pb/ 204 Pb (38.068―38.530). These isotopic data imply that the basalts originated from the depleted mantle (DMM), with the involvement of enriched mantle components (mainly EMII). Geochemical comparisons between the basalts in YSGO and the MORB-type basalts of ophiolite suites occurring in the known ancient Tethyan tectonic domain indicate that the ancient oceanic mantle represented by YSGO suite forming in early Paleozoic in the North Qilian Moutains is very similar to the Tethyan mantle in both trace elements and isotopic compositions. The North Qilian Mountains should be a part of the Tethyan tectonic domain in early Paleozoic. This further implies that the Tethyan tectonic domain can be deduced to early Paleozoic in the study area, which will be helpful to discussing the tectonic affinity and evolution of the North Qilian Mountains.

The complex structural history of the Dabie-Sulu terrane is deduced from various scales of structural features studied in UHP metamorphic units combined with metamorphic and thermal data. Excluding pre-UHP events, the following sequence of distinct tectonometamorphic stages is suggested: (1) The first deformation, D1, produced weak foliation and lineation in massive eclogite in the P-T stability field of coesite/diamond under low differential stress. (2) The D2 event is mainly inferred from a dominant coesite eclogite-facies texture characterized by a stretching mineral lineation, mesoscale sheath-like folds, and a network of ductile shear zones. (3) D3 structures and fabrics developed shortly after the formation of granulite/amphibolite—facies symplectites. These structures are characterized by a regional, steeply dipping foliation and heterogeneous compositional layering, eclogite boudinages of various dimensions, intrafolial folds, and ductile shear zones forming an anastomosing pattern, leading to tec...

It is a great challenge to develop semicrystalline polyimides exhibited significant recrystallization ability and fast crystallization kinetics from the melt. A series of semicrystalline polyimides based on 1,4-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenoxy)benzene dianhydride (HQDPA) and different diamines, including 1,3-bis(4-aminophenoxy)benzene (TPER), 1,4-bis(4-aminophenoxy)benzene (TPEQ), 4,4′-oxydianiline (4,4′-ODA) and 4,4′-bis(4-aminophenoxy)biphenyl (BAPB), end capped with phthalic anhydride were synthesized. Crystallization and melting behaviors were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The polyimide derived from HQDPA/TPER (PI-1) exhibited a glass transition temperature (Tg) at 190 °C and double melting temperatures (Tms) at 331 °C and 350 °C, and the polyimide derived from HQDPA/TPEQ (PI-2) displayed a Tg at 214 °C and a Tm at 388 °C. PI-1 and PI-2 showed significant recrystallization ability from melt and high crystallization rate by isothermal crystallization kinetics study, while polyimides based on 4,4′-ODA and BAPB lost crystallizability once taken to the melt. These polyimides also exhibited excellent thermo-oxidative stability with 5% weight loss temperature higher than 500 °C and good mechanical properties with tensile moduli of 2.0–3.3 GPa, tensile strengths of 85–105 MPa and elongations at break of 5–18%. PI-1 also possessed outstanding melt flowability with less than 300 Pa·s around 370 °C by rheological measurements.

Recently, Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) is widely applied in protecting and archiving historical architecture because it can obtain accurate and dense 3D points. Simultaneously, advanced database management platform supports spatial and attribute data, it is essential to historical architecture representation and data dissemination. So, it is possible to describe historical architecture thanks to the combination of database and TLS technology. In this work, we described detailedly field data acquisition and data process, provided the method that the registration of multi-station point clouds by the corresponding targets which is with common reference coordinate and TLS local coordinate. In addition, the database is adopted to achieve data management and conservation because mass spatial data and attribute data including point clouds data, control points data, image data, texture data, and other text files were obtained in the experiment. The result shows that TLS and above-mentioned methods in the digital protection of historic architecture are feasible.

The purpose of this chapter is to provide an insight into models of Chinese cultural tourism development by reference to Qufu. After providing a description of Qufu, the text describes the emergence of heritage tourism in Qufu with reference to resource utilization and the characteristics of each stage of development. The authors argue that each stage reflects differing resources, the unique nature of the culture being presented and the commodification of that culture as, in marketing terms, a ‘brand Confucius’.

Sparsity is one of the challenges in recommendation technologies. Traditional collaborative filtering usually evaluates user similarity based on intersection of users' rating items, and it can not acquire accurate recommendation results when user rating data are extremely sparse. In order to eliminate the limitation above, a novel collaborative filtering algorithm based on domain ontology is presented: the method calculates similarity between items according to domain ontology, fills user rating matrix, and calculates users' similarity with adjusted cosine measure. The experiment result shows that it can effectively improve recommendation quality even with extreme sparsity of user rating data.

(1988). Regularity properties of a doubly degenerate equation in hydrology. Communications in Partial Differential Equations: Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 261-319.

Etude des solutions autosimilaires de l'equation unidimensionnelle d'un milieu poreux. Comportement de la solution au voisinage de zero. Resultats numeriques