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Food colorants (synthetic, inorganic and natural) represent one of the major categories of food additives. Synthetic colorants were banned due to their adverse effects on animals and human. However, synthetic dyes are still in use because they are cheap, and stable. In the present in vivo study conducted on female albino rats (Rattus norvegicus), the effect of sunset yellow (SY) and sodium benzoate (NaB) combinations on the hematological and histological profile was assessed. Different combinations of SY plus NaB were dissolved in water and administered daily to experimental rat groups for 12 weeks. Group 1 (control) received only water, group 2 received 5 mg SY plus 10 mg NaB, group 3 received 5 mg SY plus 100 mg NaB, group 4 received 50 mg SY plus 100 mg NaB, group 5 received 50 mg SY plus 10 mg NaB, group 6 received 200 mg SY plus 750 mg NaB, and group 7 received 20 mg SY plus 75 mg NaB. Histopathological examinations were performed on liver and kidney of rats at the end of the experiment. The results revealed a decrease in RBCs count, hematocrit, WBCs, MCV and Hb levels upon the administration of SY plus NaB. The results also showed no increase in MCH, MCHC and platelet count. Liver and kidney tissues showed some lesions due to the administration of the tested compounds in comparison to the control animals. The chemical stress caused by the SY and NaB combinations caused some degenerative changes in the liver and kidneys of rats. It could be concluded that SY and NaB combinations causes some damage in liver and kidney tissues of experimental animals. Therefore, using SY and NaB combinations should be limited.

The use of additives in different food products is growing up. It has attracted the attention towards the relation between the mutagenic potential of human diseases and food additives. Sunset yello...

What would you prescribe for someone has a chest infection, allergic to Levaquin, penicillin and taking amiodarone and trazodone? Long QT increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. QTc prolongation results from dysfunction of cardiac ion channels; predominantly altered function of cardiac potassium (Ikr and Iks) or cardiac sodium channels (Ina) may elicit the phenotype of the long QT syndrome.2 In the congenital form of long QT syndrome (cLQTS), the ion channels are dysfunctional due to inherited mutations. but the same ion channels can also be affected by numerous drugs and hypokalaemia. Polypharmacy leads to a high risk of adverse eوٴects. Accordingly, it is crucial to recognize patients receiving medicines that can induce QT interval prolongation and accomplish serial electrocardiograms, due to the possible risk of ventricular arrhythmias. Especially this patient that was on trazodone and was just diagnosed with atrial fibrillation to be on additional qt prolonging drug-like amiodarone.In addition to everything else, she developed a chest infection and required more antibiotics. What makes it harder is that she is allergic to Levaquin and which stop us from giving the best medications for lung infection even the cephalosporins due to the cross-reactivity with penicillin. The only option was azithromycin but the latter also increase risk of long qt and causing arrhythmia and sudden death if put with the others. After extensive discussion with other health care providers, we started her on Doxycycline under very close observation.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to synthesise new heterocyclic disperse azo dyes based on benzothiazapine moiety and their printability on synthetic fabrics.Design/methodology/approachEthyl cyanoacetate was refluxed with aniline derivatives for 3 h to form cyanoacetanilides which coupled with different diazonium salts. The products obtained were cyclised with 2‐amino thiophenol to form arylazo benzothiazapine derivatives. The structures of the new dyes were characterised by micro‐analysis as well as IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. Printing pastes containing the dyestuffs prepared and thickened with sodium alginate were used for printing synthetic fabrics using either transfer printing or traditional screen printing.FindingsNew heterocyclic monoazo dyes derived from benzothiazabine moiety were obtained by the coupling of diazotised aniline derivatives with ethylcyanoacetate anilides followed by cyclisation with 2‐amino thiophenol. The use of synthesised dyes for transfer‐ or screen‐printing polyester and nylon 6 fabrics has been studied. The synthesised dyes which contain electron withdrawing substituents (NO2) in the phenyl ring attached to the azo groups and electron‐donating (OCH3) group on the other phenyl ring exert a bathochromic effect.Research limitations/implicationsSynthesis of azo dyes containing benzothiazapine moiety has never been reported in textile printing.Practical implicationsProduction of simple and less costly dyes.Originality/valueSynthesis of aryl azo benzothiazapine dyes by a simple method and application in printing of synthetic fabrics.

The authors describe a case of severe glaucoma in the only seeing eye of a patient with venous circulation disturbance resulting from a chronic anal fissure complicated with progressive anal stenosis, severe sphincter spasm, and pain syndrome. The article presents the results of multiple clinical ophthalmological tests and instrumental examinations performed before and after surgical intervention that evidence the importance of venous circulation disturbances for glaucoma development.Представлен клинический случай далеко зашедшей глаукомы единственного видящего глаза, прогрессирующей на фоне системной венозной дисциркуляции, обусловленной длительно текущей рубцовой анальной трещиной, тяжелым стенозом анального канала, сфинктероспазмом, болевым синдромом. В статье представлены результаты комплекса клинико-инструментальных исследований, проведенных до и после хирургического лечения анального стеноза, подтверждающие значимость венозных нарушений при глаукоме.