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Two coordination polymers featuring a 3D framework with a garland-shaped circle structure based on Ln7 units were synthesized in which 1Gd shows good MCE with −ΔSmmax = 40.85 J kg−1 K−1 at 3 K and ΔH = 7 T.

The anomaly detection and safety assessment of dams have attracted increasing attentions. To assess the safety of dams, a novel dam safety assessment model is proposed. The safety assessment model consists of data-level anomaly detection and information fusion. In the anomaly detection, a novel model based on the generative adversarial network and variational autoencoder is proposed. Through the stepwise training, the anomaly scores with reconstruction and discrimination losses can be obtained. Considering the multi-source and complexity of information system, a two-step fusion model is proposed. In the multi-source and multi-attribute fusion, the neighborhood rough set model is employed to construct the neighborhood granular structure. Through the idea of granular computing, the uncertainty of these sources and attributes is measured. Then the Sup-Inf fusion functions and fusion weights are employed to integrate the information. Finally, the anomaly scores with interval form are obtained. For verification, an arch dam is taken as an example. Through the analysis of detection and fusion results, the proposed model can detect the abnormal signals accurately and have the comprehensive assessment of the dam.

Juvenile hormone and molting hormones are important factors in insect reproduction and development. This study aims to screen out the optimal hormones that can shorten the development period and improve egg production and hatching rate in Coccinella septempunctata, and to solve the problems such as slow population growth of the C. septempunctata during mass rearing, thus improving their effectiveness as a biological control agent. The effects of juvenile hormone analogues and molting hormones on Coccinella septempunctata growth and reproduction was investigated by supplementing an artificial diet with different doses of methoprene, kinoprene, juvenile hormone Ш, fenoxycarb and 20-hydroxyecdysone. Multiple parameters were measured for C. septempunctata including development, survival, pupation, emergence, pre-oviposition, fecundity and hatching rates. The results show that the addition of juvenile hormone analogues to the diet significantly lengthened larval development times and reduced pupation and emergence. The addition of juvenile hormone analogues to adult diets significantly shortened pre-oviposition period, reduced survival, and increased fecundity. The shortest pre-oviposition period was 9.6 d, and the highest oviposition number was 578 eggs in the 5 μL kinoprene treatment. The highest hatching rate was 66 % in the 1.7 mg 20-hydroxyecdysone treatment. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for hormone selection and dosage in ladybug artificial diets, thus enhancing the survival, pupation and emergence of larvae and improving the fecundity and hatching rate of ladybird adults.

Background Mutations in colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) are known to cause adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP), which has been recently demonstrated as a primary microgliopathy characterized by cognitive impairment. Although the molecular mechanism underlying CSF1R-mediated microgliopathy remains unclear, therapeutic strategies have generally targeted modulation of microglial function. In particular, the microglial inhibitor, minocycline, has been shown to attenuate learning and memory deficits in several neurodegenerative diseases. The objectives of this study were to investigate the pathogenic mechanisms underlying ALSP and to explore the therapeutic effects of minocycline in an in vivo model of ALSP. We hypothesized that inhibiting microglial activation via minocycline could reverse the behavior and pathological defects in ALSP model mice. Methods We generated a Csf1r haploinsufficiency mouse model of ALSP using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing and conducted electrophysiological recordings of long-term potentiation (LTP) and behavioral tests to validate the recapitulation of clinical ALSP characteristics in 8- to 11-month-old mice. RNA-sequencing was used to explore enriched gene expression in the molecular pathogenesis of ALSP. Microglial activation was assessed by immunofluorescent detection of Iba1 and CD68 in brain sections of male ALSP mice and pro-inflammatory activation and phagocytosis were assessed in Csf1r+/− microglia. Therapeutic effects were assessed by behavioral tests, histological analysis, and morphological examination after four weeks of intraperitoneal injection with minocycline or vehicle control in Csf1r+/− mice and wild-type control littermates. Results We found that synaptic function was reduced in LTP recordings of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region, while behavioral tests showed impaired spatial and cognitive memory specifically in male Csf1r+/− mice. Increased activation, pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and enhanced phagocytic capacity were also observed in Csf1r+/− microglia. Treatment with minocycline could suppress the activation of Csf1r+/− microglia both in vitro and in vivo. Notably, the behavioral and pathological deficits in Csf1r+/− mice were partially rescued by minocycline administration, potentially due to inhibition of microglial inflammation and phagocytosis in Csf1r+/− mice. Conclusions Our study shows that CSF1R deficiency results in aberrant microglial activation, characterized by a pro-inflammatory phenotype and enhanced phagocytosis of myelin. Our results also indicate that microglial inhibition by minocycline can ameliorate behavioral impairment and ALSP pathogenesis in CSF1R-deficient male mice, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for CSF1R-related leukoencephalopathy. Collectively, these data support that minocycline confers protective effects against CSF1R-related microgliopathy in male ALSP model mice.

BackgroundIntracorporeal anastomosis (IA) is a difficult but popular anastomotic approach for reconstruction of digestive tract after laparoscopic right hemicolectomy, which may reduce some limitations faced during extracorporeal anastomosis (EA).MethodsA retrospective review of 78 patients who underwent laparoscopic right hemicolectomy by a veteran surgeon in a high-volume public tertiary hospital, including 50 patients with IA and 28 patients with EA. The intraoperative-related factors and short-term results of the two anastomotic approaches were compared.ResultsThere was no significant difference in demographics and clinical characteristics between the two groups (P>0.05). The intraoperative blood loss was less (P=0.010) and the incision length was shorter (P1 to POD3, postoperative hospital stay and overall hospital stay between the two groups were comparable. Except for significant difference in abdominal infection rate, the Clavien-Dindo classification and the incidence of other postoperative complications were not statistically different. Moreover, the morbidity of abdominal infection decreased with time in the IA group (P=0.040).ConclusionIA is a reliable and feasible procedure, which has faster anastomotic time, earlier return of bowel function and superior postoperative comfort of patient, compared to EA. The postoperative complication rate of IA is similar to that of EA, and may be improved with the IA technical maturity of surgeons, which potentially contributes to the development of ERAS.

Prevalent on modern social media, both hashtags and emojis are text elements that function beyond plain text. While hashtags utilize free-formed strings and are highlighted by the platform, emojis are bonded by Unicode Standard and rendered by the platforms. Yet both are used to mark discussion topics, express sentiment, show identity, and highlight keywords. This paper analyzes and highlights the strong association between hashtags and emojis, not only in their usage frequency, but also in their semantics. We show that the association is strong enough for improving downstream tasks. To this end, we design a representation learning model that can learn emoji-based representations to improve hashtag prediction.

The anomaly detection and health monitoring of dams have attracted increasing attention. To detect the temporal and spatial anomalies of the dam, a novel spatial–temporal variational autoencoder is proposed. The proposed model is based on the sequential variational autoencoder, and its backbone is fulfilled by the recurrent neural network and graph convolutional network to capture the temporal and spatial features in both the generative and inference models. To obtain a normal pattern, we made an assumption that the normal values should be temporally smooth and spatially similar. Then, the smoothness and similarity-inducing operations are used in the framework of the proposed model. Through the addition of smoothness and similarity losses in sequential variational autoencoder, the proposed model can obtain a temporally smooth and spatially similar pattern. For verification, an arch dam is taken as an example. Through comparison among six baseline models, the proposed model detects the temporal and spatial anomalies accurately and stably.

In this article the catalytic mechanism for H2 evolution via water splitting at the expense of B2(OH)4 catalyzed by acid, base or metal nanoparticles was investigated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

The development of deep learning models in medical image analysis is majorly limited by the lack of large-sized and well-annotated datasets. Unsupervised learning does not require labels and is more suitable for solving medical image analysis problems. However, most of the current unsupervised learning methods need to be applied to large datasets. To make unsupervised learning applicable to small datasets, we proposed Swin MAE, which is a masked autoencoder with Swin Transformer as its backbone. Even on a dataset of only a few thousand medical images and without using any pre-trained models, Swin MAE is still able to learn useful semantic features purely from images. It can equal or even slightly outperform the supervised model obtained by Swin Transformer trained on ImageNet in terms of the transfer learning results of downstream tasks. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/Zian-Xu/Swin-MAE.

Hypersonic vehicles are an important development direction in aerospace, and their development will have a significant impact on world security, the development of cosmic space resources and related disciplines. Along with the rapid development of modern aircraft, landing gear is commonly used with retractable technology, which brings a series of problems, such as the design of landing gear hatch retraction heat sealing mechanism and the evaluation of air tightness. This paper takes the thermal sealing structure of the front main landing gear hatch of a vehicle as an example, reviews the progress of the analysis techniques of sealing material properties and sealing structure design for hypersonic vehicles at home and abroad, discusses the current status of the development and limitations of hatch thermal sealing technology, outlines and discusses the key technologies for design and analysis of hatch thermal sealing structure and the future development trend, and summarizes the test equipment and methods for identifying the performance of seals and sealing systems.

ANO1, anoctamin 1(also known as TMEM16A), is the molecular basis of calcium-activated chloride channels with ten transmembrane segments which are widely expressed in mammalian cells, including epithelial cells, vascular smooth muscle tissues, electro-excitatory cells, and some tumor cells. These proteins are widely expressed in mammalian cells, including epithelial cells, vascular smooth muscle tissues, electro-excitatory cells, and some tumor cells. To date, multiple studies have shown that many natural and synthetic compounds have regulatory effects on ANO1. Therefore, ANO1 could be a potential new drug target for the treatment of cancer, pain, diarrhea, hypertension, and asthma. Here we review the structure of ANO1 and its involvement in cancer, pain, diarrhea, hypertension, and asthma.

Ferroptosis is a regulatory form of iron-dependent cell death caused by the accumulation of lipid-based reactive oxygen species (ROS) and differs from apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necrosis. Especially in neoplastic diseases, the susceptibility of tumor cells to ferroptosis affects prognosis and is associated with complex effects. Gliomas are the most common primary intracranial tumors, accounting for disease in 81% of patients with malignant brain tumors. An increasing number of studies have revealed the particular characteristics of iron metabolism in glioma cells. Therefore, agents that target a wide range of molecules involved in ferroptosis may regulate this process and enhance glioma treatment. Here, we review the underlying mechanisms of ferroptosis and summarize the potential therapeutic options for targeting ferroptosis in glioma.

Predicting engineering students’ academic performance is crucial for teachers to implement teaching interventions. How to use students’ behavior records to predict grades during school has attracted extensive attention from researchers. Various machine learning methods have been proposed by previous researchers to predict engineering students’ academic performance through their learning records. However, one of the major challenges now is that many researchers ignore the problem of reduced accuracy of prediction models due to imbalanced data. Simultaneously, a single classifier is susceptible to data changes and has an unstable classification performance. To this end, this paper proposes the RBF-Naive Bayes (RBFNB) prediction model to predict students’ academic performance, which integrates Radial Basis Function (RBF) Network algorithm and Naive Bayes algorithm. The method of RBF Network is applied to predict the academic performance of students and generate prediction results. Then, the method of Naive Bayes is adopted to correct the previous prediction results for improving the accuracy of the prediction. The proposed RBFNB prediction model was applied to the data set about the engineering students’ academic performance from a university and the Kalboard 360 public data set, respectively.

The detection of phytohormones in real time has attracted increasing attention because of their critical roles in regulating the development and signaling of plants, especially in defense against biotic stresses. Herein, stainless steel sheet electrodes modified with carbon cement were coupled with paper-based analysis devices for direct and simultaneous detection of salicylic acid (SA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in plants. We demonstrated that the excellent conductivity of stainless steel sheet electrodes enabled us to simultaneously differentiate IAA and SA at a level of 10 nM. With our approach, the content of IAA and SA in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves infected or not infected with Pst DC3000 could be rapidly quantified at the same time. Our experimental results on differentiation of IAA and SA at different time points showed that there were antagonistic interactions between the IAA and SA after infection of Arabidopsis leaves with Pst DC3000. By offering a cost-effective approach for rapid and sensitive detection of IAA and SA, this study suggests that electrochemical detection can be used in the study and development of precision agriculture technology.

BackgroundEndovascular abdominal aortic repair (EVAR) and thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) have become the first-line treatment for aortic diseases, but current evidence is uncertain regarding whether a percutaneous approach has better outcomes than cutdown access, especially for patient-centered outcomes (PCOs). This study is designed to compare these outcomes of percutaneous access vs. cutdown access after endovascular aortic repair.MethodThe SWEET study is a randomized, controlled, single-blind, single-center non-inferiority trial with two parallel groups in two cohorts respectively. After eligibility screening, subjects who meet the inclusion criteria will be divided into Cohort EVAR or Cohort TEVAR according to clinic interviews. And then participants in two cohorts will be randomly allocated to either intervention groups receiving percutaneous access endovascular repair or controlled groups receiving cutdown access endovascular repair separately. Primary clinician-reported outcome (ClinRO) is access-related complication, and primary patient-centered outcome (PCO) is time back to normal life. Follow-up will be conducted at 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months postoperatively.DiscussionThe choice of either percutaneous or cutdown access may not greatly affect the success of EVAR or TEVAR procedures, but can influence the quality of life and patient-centered experience. Given the very low evidence for ClinROs and few data for PCOs, comparison of the percutaneous vs. cutdown access EVAR and TEVAR is essential for both patient-centered care and clinical decision making in endovascular aortic repair.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2100053161 (registered on 13th November, 2021).

Senescence is a necessary stage of plant growth and development, and the early senescence of rice will lead to yield reduction and quality decline. However, the mechanisms of rice senescence remain obscure. In this study, we characterized an early-senescence rice mutant, designated zj-es (ZheJing-early senescence), which was derived from the japonica rice cultivar Zhejing22. The mutant zj-es exhibited obvious early-senescence phenotype, such as collapsed chloroplast, lesions in leaves, declined fertility, plant dwarf, and decreased agronomic traits. The ZJ-ES gene was mapped in a 458 kb-interval between the molecular markers RM5992 and RM5813 on Chromosome 3, and analysis suggested that ZJ-ES is a novel gene controlling rice early senescence. Subsequently, whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing was performed on zj-es and its wild-type rice to dissect the underlying molecular mechanism for early senescence. Totally, 10,085 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs), 1,253 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs), and 614 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) were identified, respectively, in different comparison groups. Based on the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), the co-expression turquoise module was found to be the key for the occurrence of rice early senescence. Furthermore, analysis on the competing endogenous RNA (CeRNA) network revealed that 14 lncRNAs possibly regulated 16 co-expressed mRNAs through 8 miRNAs, and enrichment analysis showed that most of the DEmRNAs and the targets of DElncRNAs and DEmiRNAs were involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS)-triggered autophagy-related pathways. Further analysis showed that, in zj-es, ROS-related enzyme activities were markedly changed, ROS were largely accumulated, autophagosomes were obviously observed, cell death was significantly detected, and lesions were notably appeared in leaves. Totally, combining our results here and the remaining research, we infer that ROS-triggered autophagy induces the programmed cell death (PCD) and its coupled early senescence in zj-es mutant rice.

Influenza A virus poses a constant challenge to human health. The highly conserved influenza matrix-2 (M2) protein is an attractive target for the development of a universal antibody-based drug. However, screening using antigens with subphysiological conformation in a nonmembrane environment significantly reduces the generation of efficient antibodies. Here, M2(1-46) was incorporated into nanodiscs (M2-nanodiscs) with M2 in a membrane-embedded tetrameric conformation, closely resembling its natural physiological state in the influenza viral envelope. M2-nanodisc generation, an antigen, was followed by

The magnetic properties of the magnetic transparent composite films largely depend on the content of Fe3O4 employed. However, higher addition of Fe3O4 into the matrix will lead to Fe3O4 nanoparticles agglomeration resulting in the reduction in the transparency of the composite films. The contradiction between Fe3O4 nanoparticle content and transparency limits the application of transparent magnetic films. In this work, the spherical bamboo nanocellulose (SBN) with an average size of 61 nm was prepared from bamboo powder by NaOH/Urea/Thiourea aqueous system, which was an effective, inexpensive and less toxic strategy. The basic structure of SBN was investigated. The SBN exhibited the cellulose II type crystal structure. The molecular chain length of SBN were lower than before dissolution. The magnetic SBN/Fe3O4 composite films with light penetration were prepared. The results revealed that the dispersion of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in the SBN/Fe3O4 composite films was much better than that in nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC)/Fe3O4 composite films because of the abundant hydrogen bonds between Fe3O4 nanoparticles and SBN. The transparent results indicated the highest transmittance of the films was 94% in the wavelength range of visible light, which was almost 23.7% higher than that of NFC/Fe3O4 composite films with the same amount of Fe3O4 addition (15 wt%). The findings in this study also revealed that the SBN in the SBN/Fe3O4 composite films was distributed in layers. The saturation magnetization of the SBN/Fe3O4 composite films was 10.65 emu g−1 with 15 wt% Fe3O4 incorporated, which guaranteed the excellent magnetic properties.

Extractive distillation (ED) can be used to separate mixtures with low relative volatilities that are even close to unity. It is widely adopted for the separation of aromatics and nonaromatics in t...