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Imaging of biological materials and cells with X-ray microscopy, which has high application potential, can break the diffraction limit barrier of traditional optical microscopy and exceed the transmission depth of electron microscopy. In this study, we introduce the examples of X-ray microscopy technology, such as transmission X-ray microscopy (TXM), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), coherent X-ray diffraction imaging (CDI/CXDI), and X-ray holography. In addition, we demonstrate the combination of different technologies to achieve optimized imaging results such as the combination of STXM with CDI, the combination of scanning SAXS with ptychography, and the combination of X-ray microscopy with fluorescence imaging. Relevant improvements in rapid positioning, algorithms, X-ray sources, and sample preparation are also discussed.