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Introduction It is necessary to evaluate fluid responsiveness before fluid resuscitation. We evaluated the value of inferior vena cava (IVC) area respiratory variation and the IVC diameter ratio (IVC DR) for predicting fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients. Methods A prospective observational study was performed in the intensive care unit between December 2017 and March 2018. Mechanically ventilated patients were enrolled and received ultrasound monitoring. IVC diameter distensibility index from the subxiphoid area (IVC-sx DDI), IVC diameter distensibility index from the right midaxillary line (IVC-rm DDI), IVC area distensibility index (IVC ADI), and IVC DR in cross-section were calculated by ultrasound monitoring IVC parameters. The enrolled patients were classified as nonresponders group and responders group according to whether the cardiac output increased by >10% after passive leg raising. Results Data from 67 mechanically ventilated patients were analyzed. 55.2% of patients had positive fluid responsiveness. The area of receiver operating characteristic curves evaluating the ability of the IVC-sx DDI, IVC-rm DDI, IVC ADI, and IVC DR to predict the fluid responsiveness were 0.702, 0.686, 0.749, and 0.829, respectively. IVC DR level of 1.43 was predictive of positive fluid responsiveness with 90.0% specificity and 67.6% sensitivity. IVC ADI level of 10.2% was predictive of positive fluid responsiveness with 40.0% specificity and 97.3% sensitivity. Conclusions IVC ADI and its diameter ratio in cross-section had more value than IVC diameter distensibility index for predicting fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients.

Fe-containing compound clinoptilolite media (Fe-M), prepared with natural clinoptilolite, was applied to be the filter media of BAF, and then the treating performance of sewage by BAFs with Fe-M and ceramsite were investigated. Because Fe-M had relatively larger surface area, better pore connectivity, higher biofilm microbial biomass, and the ion-exchanging and adsorption effect, a higher ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency was obtained in BAF with Fe-M than ceramsite; and higher phosphorus removal in BAF with Fe-M was also realized by the adsorption and precipitation effect of the leaching ferric ions. Fe-M is more suitable to be used as the filter of BAF to treat sewage wastewater than ceramsite, which has a high value of broad application prospects and engineering popularization value.

In this study the effect of Ce3+ on activated sludge granulation were first studied. It was found that 50 mg/l Ce3+ significantly promotes the granulation of activated sludge and more compacted smaller aerobic granules are formed. Additional Ce3+ has no influences on COD removal efficiency, but improved the SOP removal efficiency significantly. Although protein contents in extracellular polymeric substances increased along with granulation in both reactors, protein content in EPS of Ce3+-fed granules was higher than that without Ce3+ addition. Polysaccharide contents in extracellular polymeric substances decreased slightly through the experiment in the two reactors. Scanning electron microscopy showed that bacilli and cocci were dominant on surface of granules in both reactors. But there were more and longer rod-shaped bacteria on surface of Ce3+-fed granules.

The effects of carbohydrate/nitrogen ratio (C/N) and pH on hydrogen production from waste activated sludge (WAS) were investigated. Firstly, the optimal pH value for hydrogen production was influenced by the C/N ratio, which was pH 10, 9, 8, 8, 8, 6, and 5, at the C/N ratio of 7 (sole sludge), 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 40, respectively. The maximal hydrogen production (100.6 mL/g-COD) was achieved at C/N of 25 and pH 8, which was due to the synergistic effect of carbohydrate addition on hydrogen pro-duction, the enhancement of sludge protein degradation and protease and amylase activities, and the suitable fermentation pathway for hydrogen production.

The characteristics and the utilization situation of fruit and vegetable wastes (FVW) were analyzed, and a detailed research conducted on FVW treatment process techniques of single-phase and two-phase anaerobic digestion were summarized. Then the advantages and disadvantages between these two processing techniques are reviewed, respectively. Furthermore, future trends in research and development of FVW treatment process technology have also been briefly discussed, which would provide some new ideas for processing FVW.

In this article, the current situation of the study about sportswear structure is analyzed , and summarized the factors that can influent the structure design of sportswear. Than combined with the characteristics of body posture in volleyball game, we found out which point need to adjust, and in different part what requirements need to be met to get the batter structure design. This discussion would provide the reference about structure design of volleyball apparel or other kinds of sportswear.

As a new chemical material, carbon fiber is widely used in national defense and civil industries due to the strong tensile strength of carbon and the flexibility and workability of fiber. Through collecting and sorting relevant data, this paper summarized and analyzed the application of carbon fiber in apparel industry, especially in the field of electrical heating clothing, meanwhile pointed out a few issues to be solved for carbon fiber heating clothing in terms of safety, buttery durability, construction and fabric etc.

The human body's features are the key to design clothing structure. Between people with physical disabilities and normal people, there are evident differences in their living requirements. Embellishment is needed because of physical distortion; as well as, functionalized design is strongly required to allow more independence in dressing and more self sufficiency in daily activities. Therefore, pattern design should encourage the health recovery, improve living style, and realize personal expectations. The final aim is to allow people with a disability a life of self-respect and facility, and enable them to mingle with family and society to a greater extent. In the past, there had been some clothing designed for people with disabilities. However most of those designs lack aesthetic consideration, and usually focus on the excessively direct aspect of function. Based on the characteristics of human body and movements, particularity for people with limb disabilities, the clothing pattern was analysed by means of real examples. Combining the knowledge of human engineering (ergonomics), textile materials and apparel technology, special modifications were designed in the garment to de-emphasize visual evidence of a person's disability, and strengthen function and convenience to meet the needs of body activities. Clothing designed for disabled people should contain elements of both function and beauty, which can help them rise to the "convenient", "beautiful" and "functional" level from the "inconvenient", "concealment" level. As a result, improvement in the quality of life of people with limb disabilities will be achieved.

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of asthma at acute attack stage treated with "Shao's five needling therapy".The randomized controlled method was applied to divide 210 cases into an observation group and a control group, 105 cases in each one. In the observation group, "Shao's five needling therapy" [Feishu (BL 13), Dazhui (GV 14), Fengmen (BL 12)] and the combined therapy were adopted, including oxygen uptake, aerosol inhalation and oral administration of prednisone. In the control group, the oral administration of theophylline sustained release tablet and the combined therapy were applied. The treatment was continued for 7 days. The clinical symptoms and physical signs such as wheezing, cough, expectoration, chest stuffiness, wheezing rale and shortness of breath, as well as lung function indices such as forced expiratory volume one second (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were observed before and after treatment in the two groups.In the observation group, 69 cases were cured clinically, 20 cases effective remarkably, 7 cases effective and 0 case failed. In the control group, 49 cases were cured clinically, 31 cases effective remarkably, 15 cases effective and 0 case failed. The difference in the efficacy was significant in comparison of the two groups (P0.05). The therapeutic effect in the observation group was better than that in the control group. The total score of the symptoms and physical signs, FEV1 and PEF after treatment were all improved significantly in the two groups (all P0.01). And the results in the observation group were better than those in the control group (all P0.01)."Shao's five needling therapy" achieves the significant efficacy on asthma at acute attack stage. It significantly relieves the symptoms and physical signs of the patients and improves lung functions. The effect is better than that of theophylline sustained release tablet.

With a view to the slag problem on the water-cooled wall and super-heater at furnace exit of a 670t/h power-plant boiler burning pulverized coal, which burners were arranged in the form of six corners tangentially firing, Phase Doppler Anemometer (PDA) was applied to investigate the gas-solid two-phase velocity field near the burner region for the first time. Two experimental cases were investigated, one is the original case, and another is the improved case which the imaginary tangential circle diameter of secondary air at the top layer burners was increased, the gas-solid two-phase velocity field near the burner region was measured under two cases. Experiment study show that the flow-field structure of tangentially fired boiler which the burners were arranged in six corners, differ from that of the burners were arranged in four corners. To a certain extent, flow-field in furnace can be improved by adopting homocentric two tangential circles arrangement form of primary air and second air. Keywords-Six corners burner boiler; velocity field; PDA; homocentric two tangential circles