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The aim of this study was to compare low-temperature tolerances in different strains of large yellow croaker. Dai Qu (DQ), Min-Yue Dong (MY) and Quan Zhou (NZ) strains of large yellow croaker were subjected to cold stress (8.6°C) for 12h, 24h, 48h and 96h. Survival rate, histological observation, antioxidant and energy metabolism indicators were determined. The results showed that compared with DQ group and MY group, NZ group aggravated hepatic structure, enhanced ROS, lactate and anaerobic metabolism (PK gene expression and activity), while inhibited ATP, GSH, antioxidant enzymes (mRNA levels and activities of SOD, GPx and CAT) and aerobic metabolism enzymes (mRNA levels and activities of F-ATPase, SDH and MDH), indicating the reduction of cold tolerance in NZ group was closely correlated with the decrement of antioxidative capacity and energy metabolism efficiency. Nrf2 and AMPK gene expressions were correlated with antioxidant and energy metabolism mRNA levels, respectively, suggesting Nrf2 and AMPK might participate in the modulation of target genes during the cold-stress adaptation. In conclusion, low temperature tolerance of fish depended on the antioxidant defense and energy metabolism efficiency, which contributes to understanding the underlying mechanisms of cold adaptation in large yellow croaker.

Jet fuel-range C14 and C15 dicycloalkanes are synthesized for the first time with creosol and formaldehyde, two platform compounds that can be derived from lignocellulose.

Deep-buried tunnels have been increasingly used for transportation infrastructure and underground space development in major metropolitan areas around the world. Evaluation of the earth pressure on deep-buried tunnels is crucial in the design of such urban infrastructure. This paper presents an experimental study using a series of centrifuge model tests undertaken in a beam centrifuge at 150g to provide insight into the earth pressure distribution on deep-buried tunnels after the construction in layered soil strata. The experimental and comparative results indicate the earth pressure at the invert of the deep-buried tunnel is slightly greater than the earth pressure at the crown of the tunnel, and the earth pressure at the springline is less than that at the crown. These results also show that the full overburden theory can reasonably predict the vertical earth pressure of a deep-buried tunnel in the clay layer. However, in the scenarios when sand layers are dominant in the overburden soil, the vertical earth pressure values calculated by the Terzaghi loosening earth pressure theory are more consistent with measured values from centrifuge tests. The insights obtained from this study can provide useful references for improved methods in the load consideration of deep-buried tunnel design.

International audience; A finite element model is proposed permitting prediction of elastic wave bandgaps of periodic composite microplates incorporating flexoelectric effect. In this model, we applied curvaturebased flexoelectricity and Mindlin plate theories and derived a finite element formulation that has been implemented for bandgap analysis. The finite element model utilizes a three-node triangle element with 30 degrees of freedom satisfying Mindlin kinematics assumptions. It is based on a non-conforming interpolation scheme which provides nodal C1 continuity and ensures compatibility with curvature-based flexoelectricity. The approach accounts for microstructure effects and, owing to the triangular element topology, can be used to assist the design of microplates with complex microstructures. Validation of the approach is performed through comparison with both analytical and numerical models, in which the effect of flexoelectricity on the bandgap is studied based on cases demonstrating size dependence. In the end, an application of the proposed model is provided where bandgap properties of an anti-tetrachiral metastructure are investigated.

The potential for future coronavirus outbreaks highlights the need to broadly target this group of pathogens. We used an epitope-agnostic approach to identify six monoclonal antibodies that bind to spike proteins from all seven human-infecting coronaviruses. All six antibodies target the conserved fusion peptide region adjacent to the S2′ cleavage site. COV44-62 and COV44-79 broadly neutralize alpha- and betacoronaviruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron subvariants BA.2 and BA.4/5, albeit with lower potency than receptor binding domain–specific antibodies. In crystal structures of COV44-62 and COV44-79 antigen-binding fragments with the SARS-CoV-2 fusion peptide, the fusion peptide epitope adopts a helical structure and includes the arginine residue at the S2′ cleavage site. COV44-79 limited disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 in a Syrian hamster model. These findings highlight the fusion peptide as a candidate epitope for next-generation coronavirus vaccine development.

Hao-Qi Zheng,1 Yu-Cong Ma,1 Yu-Quan Chen,2 Yan-Yue Xu,1 Yan-Lin Pang,1 Li Liu1 1Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China; 2Institute of Medical Information/Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100020, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Li Liu, Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China, Email lli01@jlu.edu.cnPurpose: Severe mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) pneumonia can cause bronchiolitis obliterans (BO). In order to improve the prognosis of BO, it is necessary to grasp the clinical characteristics and risk factors of BO after severe MP pneumonia and intervene as soon as possible.Patients and Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 110 patients with severe MP pneumonia, and divided them into BO group (22 cases) and non-BO group (88 cases). The clinical characteristics of BO group were analyzed, and the clinical data of two groups were compared to identify the risk factors of BO.Results: At the time of diagnosis, all BO patients had symptoms of cough and wheezing, and 10 (45.45%) had decreased exercise intolerance. Lung function showed moderate to severe obstructive ventilatory dysfunction, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) showed mosaic perfusion patterns. Multivariate binomial regression analysis showed that higher levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and hypoxemia were independent risk factors for BO after severe MP pneumonia.Conclusion: Higher levels of serum LDH and hypoxemia were independent risk factors for BO after severe MP pneumonia. For patients with risk factors, clinicians should regular follow-up for early diagnosis and intervention of BO.Keywords: children, bronchiolitis obliterans, mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia, post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans, risk factors

Background: The posterior ledge (PL) is a vital structure that supports the implant posteriorly during orbital floor reconstruction. This study describes a technique for mapping the posterior ledge in relation to the infraorbital margin in patients with orbital floor blowout fractures. The relationship between the optic foramen and posterior ledge was established. Methods: Facial computed tomography (FCT) scans of 67 consecutive patients with isolated orbital floor blow-out fractures were analyzed using Osirix. Planes of Reference for Orbital Fractures (PROF), a standardized technique for performing measurements on FCT, was used. Viewed coronally, the orbit was divided into 7 equal sagittal slices (L1 laterally to L7 medially) with reference to the mid-orbital plane. The distances of PL from infra-orbital margin (IM), and location of optic foramen were determined. Results: The greatest distance to PL is found at slice L5 (Median:30.1mm, Range:13.5–37.1mm). The median and ranges for each slice are as follows: L1 (Median:0.0mm, Range:0.0–19.9mm), L2 (Median:0.0mm, Range:0.0–21.5mm), L3 (Median:15.8mm, Range:0.0–31.7mm), L4 (Median:26.1mm, Range:0.0–34.0mm), L5 (Median:30.1mm, Range:13.5–37.1mm), L6 (Median:29.0mm, Range:0.0–36.3mm), L7 (Median:20.8mm, Range:0.0–39.2mm). The median distance of the optic foramen from IM is 43.7mm (Range:37.0– 49.1mm) at slice L7. Conclusion: Distance to PL from IM increases medially until the slice L5 before decreasing. A reference map of the posterior ledge in relation to the infraorbital margin and optic foramen is generated. The optic foramen is located in close proximity to the posterior ledge at the medial orbital floor. This aids in pre-operative planning and intra-operative dissection.

The lives of patients with ovarian cancer are threatened largely due to metastasis and drug resistance. Endogenous peptides attract increasing attention in oncologic therapeutic area, a few antitumor peptides have been approved by the FDA for clinical use over the past decades. However, only few peptides or peptide-derived drugs with antiovarian cancer effects have been identified. Here we focused on the biological roles and mechanism of a peptide named PDHPS1 in ovarian cancer development. Our results indicated that PDHPS1 reduced the proliferation ability of ovarian cancer cells in vitro and inhibited the ovarian cancer growth in vivo. Peptide pull down and following mass spectrometry, Western blot and qRT-PCR revealed that PDHPS1 could bind to protein phosphatase 2 phosphatase activator (PTPA), an essential activator of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), which resulted in increase of phosphorylated YAP, further inactivated YAP, and suppressed the expression of its downstream target genes. Flow cytometry, cell membrane permeability test, and IHC staining study demonstrated that there were no observable side effects of PDHPS1 on normal ovarian epithelium and hepatorenal function. Besides, modification of membrane penetration could improve the physicochemical properties and biological activity of PDHPS1. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that the endogenous peptide PDHPS1 serves as an antitumor peptide to inhibit YAP signaling pathway though interacting with PTPA in ovarian cancer.

Supplementary Table from Peptide PDHPS1 Inhibits Ovarian Cancer Growth through Disrupting YAP Signaling

Supplementary Figure from Peptide PDHPS1 Inhibits Ovarian Cancer Growth through Disrupting YAP Signaling

Over the past decades, there has been extensive study on the design of porous bioceramic scaffolds with controlled bioactivity and biodegradation in bone tissue repair. A variety of suggestive models and concepts have been proposed with regard to the role of microstructure and composition of biomaterials which affect new bone tissue growth. However, it is a challenge to fabricate functional scaffolds with the desired physiological properties and osteogenic potentials that is comparable to the bone's natural healing time scale. We demonstrate a one-step versatile fabrication of a single-phase and homogenously mixed bioactive load-bearing scaffolds (Sr-CS, CaSiO

In this paper, triaxial loading and unloading tests under different loading and unloading conditions are carried out to explore the deformation and failure characteristics of hard rock marble, and the acoustic emission (AE) information of the test process is monitored synchronously to obtain the AE distribution characteristics. The test results show that: (1) when the unloading rate of confining pressure is small, the yield of rock is more obvious, the failure peak value is higher, and the Poisson effect is more obvious under loading and unloading, while when the unloading rate is larger, it shows multi-stage failure; (2) there is a linear relationship between strain deflection stress compliance and unloading rate. With the increase of unloading rate, the circumferential and volumetric compliance increases and the axial compliance decreases; (3) the smaller the unloading rate is, the greater the confining pressure is, and a large number of tensile microcracks in the main shear plane of rock form a shear zone, while the higher the unloading rate is, the smaller the confining pressure is, and the main shear plane runs through; (4) AE counts can characterize the damage degree of marble during loading and unloading. When the confining pressure is low, the damage peak of AE signals increases sharply, and the overall damage increases with the increase of unloading rate, and when the confining pressure is high, AE signals increases gradually. The overall damage decreases with the increase of unloading rate, and a “pre-peak to post-peak” lag effect can occur in the general rock failure.

Analyses of several databases showed that the lncRNA RNF157 Antisense RNA 1 (RNF157-AS1) is overexpressed in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) tissues. In our study, suppressing RNF157-AS1 strikingly reduced the proliferation, invasion, and migration of EOC cells compared with control cells, while overexpressing RNF157-AS1 greatly increased these effects. By RNA pulldown assays, RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays, and mass spectrometry, RNF157-AS1 was further found to be able to bind to the HMGA1 and EZH2 proteins. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays showed that RNF157-AS1 and HMGA1 bound to the ULK1 promoter and prevented the expression of ULK1. Additionally, RNF157-AS1 interacted with EZH2 to bind to the DIRAS3 promoter and diminish DIRAS3 expression. ULK1 and DIRAS3 were found to be essential for autophagy. Combination autophagy inhibitor and RNF157-AS1 overexpression or knockdown, a change in the LC3 II/I ratio was found using immunofluorescence (IF) staining and western blot (WB) analysis. The autophagy level also was confirmed by autophagy/cytotoxicity dual staining. However, the majority of advanced EOC patients require platinum-based chemotherapy, since autophagy is a cellular catabolic response to cell stress. As a result, RNF157-AS1 increased EOC cell sensitivity to chemotherapy and death under cis-platinum (DDP) treatment by suppressing autophagy, as confirmed by cell count Kit-8 (CCK8) assays, flow cytometry, and autophagy/cytotoxicity dual staining. Therefore, the OS and PPS times were longer in EOC patients with elevated RNF157-AS1 expression. RNF157-AS1-mediated autophagy has potential clinical significance in DDP chemotherapy for EOC patients.

Super-Earth population, as one of the representatives of exoplanets, plays an important role in constraining the planet formation theories. According to the prediction from core-accretion models, super-Earths should be rare because their masses are in the range of the critical mass above which they would grow to be gas giants by runaway gas accretion. In this work, we investigate the effect of ohmic dissipation on the planetary thermal structure and cooling contraction as planets accrete gas from their surrounding disks. We find that the extra heating energy from Ohmic heating deposited into planetary envelopes can push the planetary radiative-convective boundaries inward and prevent the planets from cooling, and can even halt accretion. We explore parameter space to study the dependence of cooling timescale on the input parameters of the ohmic-dissipation model. Numerical results show that gas accretion can be halted before runaway gas accretion and the envelope mass is only several percent of planetary core mass for some parameter sets. Our results suggest that ohmic dissipation is a potential mechanism to delay the gas accretion and promote the formation of super-Earths. Future observations may help to constrain the importance of ohmic dissipation on the super-Earth formation., Comment: ApJ in press

On April 27, 2020, the soft gamma ray repeater SGR J1935+2154 entered its intense outburst episode again. Insight-HXMT carried out about one month observation of the source. A total number of 75 bursts were detected during this activity episode by Insight-HXMT, and persistent emission data were also accumulated. We report on the spin period search result and the phase distribution of burst start times and burst photon arrival times of the Insight-HXMT high energy detectors and Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM). We find that the distribution of burst start times is uniform within its spin phase for both Insight-HXMT and Fermi-GBM observations, whereas the phase distribution of burst photons is related to the type of a burst's energy spectrum. The bursts with the same spectrum have different distribution characteristics in the initial and decay episodes for the activity of magnetar SGR J1935+2154., Comment: 12 pages, 9 figures

Aluminum oxynitride (AlON) powders were synthesized by a novel carbothermal reduction and nitridation (CRN) method. Homogenous and fluffy AlOOH/C core-shell nanoparticle precursor was hydrothermally synthesized with aluminum nitrate hydrate, sucrose and urea as starting materials. Then single-phase AlON powders were synthesized by CRN method at 1700 °C for 2 h. The phase transition and growth of Al2O3 particles was effectively retarded by the amorphous carbon nano-layers on the surface of precursor, resulting in significantly lower reaction temperature and further smaller particle size. Based on above fine AlON raw material, transparent AlON ceramic was prepared by pressureless sintering at 1880 ℃ with the in-line transmittance above 80 %.

Diesel and jet fuel range C13 polycycloalkanes were first synthesized with vanillin and cyclohexanone, two platform compounds which can be derived from lignin.

How to choose a high-efficiency, green and inherent safety synthetic route is an important issue for the development of the chemical industry. "Three-parameter difference" is a complex parameter with the calculation of Gibbs free energy, atom utilization and inherent safety index, and can be used to comprehensively evaluate the thermodynamic feasibility, greenness and safety of chemical reactions. This parameter has been proposed and established, but the reliability has not been determined. In this study, the parameter has been corrected to make it more universal. It was calculated and studied in the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate and toluene diisocyanate, separately. The results showed that the reaction pathways for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate from the gas-phase oxidative carbonylation of methanol by a one-step process, and toluene diisocyanate from dimethyl carbonate-ionic liquid hydroxylamine have obvious advantages and future research prospects. They are consistent with the existing actual research, which can prove the reliability of the "three-parameter difference". More importantly, the parameter provides a theoretical basis and has an adequate practical guidance significance to design and evaluate a new synthesis route.

Diesel and jet fuel range C12 and C17 cycloalkanes were synthesized for the first time with 2-methylfuran and benzaldehyde, two platform compounds which can be derived from lignocellulose.