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Background: In recent years, electrochemical sensors are widely preferred because of their high sensitivity, rapid response, low cost and easy miniaturization. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), a porous crystalline polymer formed by organic units connected by covalent bonds, have been widely used in gas adsorption and separation, drug transportation, energy storage, photoelectric catalysis, electrochemistry and other aspects due to their large specific surface, excellent stability, high inherent porosity, good crystallinity as well as structural and functional controllability. The topological structure of COFs can be designed in advance, the structural units and linkage are diversified, and the structure is easy to be functionalized, which are all beneficial to their application in electrochemical sensors. Methods: The types, synthesis methods, properties of covalent organic frameworks and some examples of using covalent organic frameworks in electrochemical sensors are reviewed. Results: Due to their characteristics of a large specific surface, high porosity, orderly channel and periodically arranged π electron cloud, COFs are often used to immobilize metal nanoparticles, aptamers or other materials to achieve the purpose of building electrochemical sensors with high sensitivity and good stability. Since the structure of COFs can be predicted, different organic units can build COFs with different structures and properties. Therefore, organic units with certain functional groups can be selected to build COFs with certain properties and used directly for electrochemical sensors. Conclusion: COFs have a good application prospect in electrochemical sensors.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Multivariate logistic regression among different BMI groups.

Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 1. α-diversity indexes. Supplementary Table 2. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA1 and PCoA2) conducted with the unweighted unifrac algorithm. Supplementary Table 3. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA1 and PCoA2) conducted with the weighted unifrac algorithm. Supplementary Table 4. LEfSe analysis of differential species abundance between AZ1 and AW1, between BZ1 and BW1. Supplementary Table 5. LEfSe analysis of differential species abundance between AZ2 and AW2, between BZ2 and BW2. Supplementary Table 6. LEfSe analysis of differential functional abundance between AZ1 and AW1, between BZ1 and BW1. Supplementary Table 7. LEfSe analysis of differential functional abundance between AZ2 and AW2, between BZ2 and BW2.

A novel online detector for multiple oscillations in process industry is proposed. This article is motivated by the fact that it is still an open problem to design a real-time monitor which is suitable for detecting multiple oscillations with signal intermittency and non-linear/non-stationary properties. The proposed approach of Intrinsic Time-scale Decomposition (ITD) with Robust Zero crossing intervals Clustering (ITD-RZC) (i) provides an experimental statistic to remove noisy zero-crossings intervals (ZCIs), (ii) develops a novel adaptive robust K-means ZCI clustering which enables the reconstructed Proper Rotation Component (PRC) to encapsulate the sporadic oscillation and (iii) proposes an effective online-cluster-updating mechanism for real-time intermittent oscillations detection. ITD-RZC approach is computationally efficient and capable of preserving nonlinear features of the process variables which facilitates subsequent oscillation diagnosis. Simulation examples and industrial cases study are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed online oscillation detector.

Pancreatic cancer (PCa) is one of the most fatal cancers worldwide. Recently, many studies have confirmed that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in the development of many human cancers, including PCa. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the biological role and underlying mechanisms of lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1) in PCa progression. The results demonstrated that the expression levels of SNHG1 were increased in PCa cell lines and human tissue samples. High SNHG1 expression was notably correlated with adverse characteristics and poor survival of PCa patients. Knockdown of SNHG1 suppressed PCa cell proliferation in vitro and PCa tumor growth in vivo, and these effects might be associated with the induction of cell cycle arrest. We further confirmed that, in PCa cells, SNHG1 can negatively regulate miR-195 expression by acting as a ceRNA, and Cyclin D1 is a direct target of miR-195. Overexpression of miR-195 abrogated the oncogenic role of SNHG1 in PCa cells. Collectively, our results identified SNHG1 as a novel oncogenic lncRNA in PCa, and indicated that SNHG1/miR-195/Cyclin D1 axis might be a potential therapeutic target for PCa patients.

Neutral aroma components in different leaf positions of flue-cured tobacco in Xuchang were comparatively analyzed by a capillary GC equipped with FID and NPD, And GC/MS. The results indicated that: Most aroma components of mature tobacco leaves from eight to twelve increased first and decreased afterwards with the increasing of the leaf position from the 8th up to the 12th leaf and the maximum components was found at the 10th leaf position,such as Dihydro actinidiolide, MegastigmatrienoneⅠ, Farnesalacetone, Benzyl alcohol, Phenylethyl alcohol, 2-Acetylpyrrole, Furfural, Solanone; Various kinds of aroma components in the 10th leaf position were the highest, and Neophytadiene, Farnesalacetone, 2-Acetylpyrrole, Solanone, Dihydro–actinidiolide were obviously higher than those of others; β-Dmascenone, MegastigmatrienoneⅢ, Geranylacetone, 3-Oxo-α-ionol, Benzaldehyde components in the 12th leaf position are obviously higher than the other four leaf positions; Besides the Marillard reaction products and cembrane aroma components, aroma components,neophytadiene, carotenoid degradation products and aromatic amino reaction products components in the 11th leaf position were next to the 10th leaf position. 3- Hydroxy-β-damascone, MegastigmatrienoneⅡin the 8th leaf position were obviously higher than the other four leaf positions.

This project is designed to greatly enhance the lines of communication between the pollinator industry and the pesticide applicator community. It builds on the DriftWatch.org Pesticide Sensitive Crop Registry (www.driftwatch.org), which currently covers nine states, with a customized map for each state (Colorado, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Missouri, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, and Wisconsin).