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In this article, spatial analyticity of solutions to Keller–Segel equation of parabolic–elliptic type with generalized dissipation is presented. First, we prove the analyticity of local solutions to system with large rough initial data in Modulation spaces $$M_{2, 1}^{1-2\beta }$$ with $$\beta \in (\frac{1}{2},1]$$ . Secondly, we establish the analyticity of solutions to the system with initial data in critical Fourier–Besov spaces $$\dot{ FB }^{-2\beta +n-n/p}_{p,r}$$ with $$\beta \in (\frac{1}{2},1], 1

Tree shrews are more closely related to primate animals than rodents in many aspects. In addition, they also possess several advantageous characteristics including small body size, high brain-to-body mass ratio, low cost of feeding and maintenance, short reproductive cycle and life span, which make them promising novel laboratory animals to replace more precious larger primate animals. Testis-specific serine/threonine kinase (Tssk) plays important roles in spermatogenesis and/or the regulation of sperm function. However, studies on Tssk in tree shrews have not been reported yet. In the present study, the full-length sequences of five members of the Tssk family in tree shrews were cloned and their CDS region sequences were analyzed by basic bioinformatics. The phylogenetic tree and prokaryotic protein expression system of Tssk gene of tree shrews were constructed. The mRNA expressions of Tssk genes in 11 tissues/organs from tree shrews were studied. The results showed that: 1. the length of the CDS region of tree shrew Tssk gene for Tssk1B, Tssk2, Tssk3 (variant X1 / X2), Tssk4 (variant X1 / X2) and Tssk6 is 1080bp, 1077bp, 867 / 807bp, 1014 / 984bp, 822bp, respectively, encoding 359, 358, 288/268, 337/327 and 273 amino acids, respectively; the cloned sequences of Tssk genes have been submitted to GenBank with the following accession numbers: KX091161(Tssk1B), KX091162(Tssk2), KX091163(Tssk3 variant X1)/KX091164(Tssk3 variant X2), KX091165(Tssk4variant X1)/KX091166(Tssk4variant X2), KX091160(Tssk6). 2. All tree shrew Tssk proteins distribute in cytoplasm, indicating that they are hydrophilic and non-secretory proteins, with multiple phosphorylation sites of serine and/or threonine. In addition, they are all mixed proteins with similar tertiary structures sharing a highly conserved functional domain of S_TKc (Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain). 3.The molecular phylogenetic tree of five Tssk genes in tree shrews indicates that they are neither rodent nor primate animal, but are closely related to primate animals. 4. Five members of the Tssk recombinant proteins in tree shrews were successfully obtained using the constructed prokaryotic protein expression system. 5. Five Tssk genes are specifically expressed in the testis and/or sperm of tree shrews. Additionally, small amount of Tssk1B was expressed in several tissues other than testis and sperm. Limited mRNA levels of Tssk2 and Tssk4 were expressed in the brain, while mRNA of Tssk3 or Tssk6 could only be detected in the testis and sperm. This study will provide fundamental data on reproductive biology of tree shrews, which paves a way for further studying Tssk's biological function in this novel model animal.

Mitochondrial tryptophanyl tRNA synthetase 2 (WARS2) is an important reproduction-related gene. In this study, the full-length coding sequence of porcine WARS2 gene was cloned through reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Sequence analysis revealed that the pig WARS2 gene encoded a protein of 360 amino acids and has 6 exons and 5 introns. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the pig WARS2 gene had a close genetic relationship with the WARS2 gene of cattle. Polymerase chain reaction-Pst I-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-Pst I-RFLP) was established to detect the EU650788:c.291 G > A substitution of the porcine WARS2 gene coding sequence and eight pig breeds displayed obvious allele frequency differences at this mutation locus. Association of this single nucleotide polymorphism with litter size was assessed in Large White (n = 200) and Landrace (n = 200) populations, and the results indicated that this polymorphic locus was significantly associated with the total number of piglets...

In this paper, we propose an analogy based immune recognition method that focuses on the implement of the clone selection process and the negative selection process by means of analogy similarity. This method is applied in an IDS(Intrusion Detection System) following several steps. Firstly, the initial abnormal behaviours sample set is optimized through the combining of the AIS (Artificial Immune System) and the genetic algorithm. Then, the abnormity probability algorithm is raised considering the two sides of abnormality and normality. Finally, an intrusion detection system model is established based on the above algorithms and models.

Airborne mobile wireless sensor network, which is composed of lots of sensor nodes installed on vehicles, is introduced into many aerial tasks, such as environmental surveillance, airborne enemy target tracking, disaster warning. However, due to the intrinsic motion characteristics, most of the existing MAC protocols perform poorly in end-to-end delivery latency and energy consumption caused by high retransmission rate, especially in multi-hop and requiring high real-time responding airbornemobile wireless sensor networks. We present DA-MAC-a novel duty-cycled, directional adaptive MAC protocol. It utilizes: (I) a stochastic wake-up schedule, anycast MAC scheme minimizes collisions and reducing coordination overheads, (II) adaptive duty-cycles based on the local network connectivity and topology to locally reduce idle listening, (III) directional adaptive forwarder sets selection mechanism, each sensor node can transmit message to the one-hop neighbor node with the optimal properties. In the end then converges gradually from route-suboptimal anycast with unsynchronized duty cycling to route-optimal unicast with synchronized scheduling. DA-MAC fully considers the adverse impact of movement, and chooses node with the optimal properties as forwarders, achieves good endto- end latency. Our simulation results by NS-2 show DA-MAC performs well in end-to-end delivery latency and energy savings in mobile wireless sensor networks.

The greatest advantage of the P2P network is the robustness which provides an opportunity to create a decentralized environment for web service publication and discovery. A new study shows that the roaming and fleeting communication between immune cells form an information-sharing network. By analogy, we design a web service discovery mechanism on unstructured P2P network. Firstly, all the web services are clustered into communities through functional properties. Then, several query packets wander among these communities to make rapid recognition and exchange their experience at their encounter. And then, the query packet will be proliferated and spread through the most matched community. Each service in this community will be evaluated through non-functional properties. Eventually, the best service for our integration in the future step is elected out. The service clustering and experience exchanging enhanced the efficiency in discovery.

Baes-free Cu(II)-catalyzed coupling reaction of arylboronic acid and thiols was described. After optimization of reaction conditions, such as solvents, reaction temperatures, copper salts and ligands, the results show that some biarylsulfides were synthesized in good yields using 1,10-phenanthroline-Cu(OAc)2•H2O as catalyst, DMSO/H2O (V∶V=1∶1) as solvent, under air atmosphere at 60 . ℃