Search

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Effect of 2 g/L Na-citrate addition at different times on the growth and astaxanthin production of X. dendrorhouos. (A) Biomass (g/L); (B) Carotenoids titer (mg/L); (C) Astaxanthin titer (mg/L); (D) Astaxanthin content (mg/g). The cells were grown in a 250-mL Erlenmeyer flask containing 50 mL fermentation medium, with the temperature maintained at 22°C and the stirring speed at 200 rpm. Values are mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments. Figure S2. Effect of different Na-citrate concentrations at 24 h on the growth and astaxanthin production of X. dendrorhouos. (A) Biomass (g/L); (B) Carotenoids titer (mg/L); (C) Astaxanthin titer (mg/L); (D) Astaxanthin content (mg/g). The cells were grown in a 250-mL Erlenmeyer flask containing 50 mL fermentation medium, with the temperature maintained at 22°C and the stirring speed at 200 rpm. Values are mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments. Figure S3. Na-citrate regulates the protein content in X. dendrorhouos. fold change is the ratio of the protein content of the control group to the Na-citrate group. Table S1. Gene-specific primers used for RT-qPCR; F: Forward; R: Reverse

Yongjun Han,1,&ast; Runhua Zhang,2,3,&ast; Dandan Yang,4 Dongye Li,5 Hualu Han,6 Huiyu Qiao,6 Shuo Chen,6 Yu Wang,2,3 Miaoxin Yu,2,3 Yin Hong,2,3 Zhiqun Wang,1 Xihai Zhao,6,&ast; Gaifen Liu2,3,&ast; 1Department of Radiology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 4Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 6Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xihai ZhaoCenter for Biomedical Imaging Research, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-10-62792662Fax +86-10-62796175Email xihaizhao@tsinghua.edu.cnGaifen LiuDepartment of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-10-59976746Email liugaifen1997@163.comBackground and Purpose: The association between risk factors and intracranial atherosclerosis disease (ICAD) determined by magnetic resonance (MR) vessel wall imaging in Chinese population has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of conventional vascular risk factors with asymptomatic and symptomatic ICAD using MR vessel wall imaging in Chinese population.Methods: The study population was recruited from two cohort studies of ICASMAP and CAMERA comprised 104 symptomatic ICAD subjects (57.1 ± 11.1 years; 35.6% females), 51 asymptomatic ICAD subjects (70.1 ± 8.4 years; 50.0% females) and 418 controls (58.0 ± 13.3 years; 61.0% females) defined as asymptomatic subjects without ICAD on MR vessel wall imaging. We compared the vascular risk factors between the three groups using a multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results: Compared with controls, there was a significant positive association between age (OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.03– 1.10, p < 0.001) and hypertension (OR: 3.03, 95% CI: 1.45– 6.36, p = 0.003) and asymptomatic ICAD. There was a positive association of smoking (OR: 3.41, 95% CI: 1.57– 7.42, p = 0.001), hypertension (OR: 7.43, 95% CI: 3.81– 14.49, p < 0.001) and diabetes (OR: 3.54, 95% CI: 1.93– 6.49, p < 0.001) and an inverse association of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (p < 0.017) with symptomatic ICAD. Compared to asymptomatic ICAD, there was a significant inverse association of age (OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.81– 0.92, p < 0.001) and HDL (p < 0.001) with symptomatic ICAD.Conclusion: Old age and hypertension are associated with asymptomatic ICAD and smoking, hypertension, diabetes and lower HDL are associated with an increased risk of symptomatic ICAD in Chinese population.Clinical Trial Registration: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT03417063.Keywords: intracranial artery, atherosclerosis, risk factors, magnetic resonance, vessel wall imaging

This paper investigates the dynamics of a class of three-dimensional globally modified Navier-Stokes equations with double delay in the forcing and convective terms. We first prove the well-posedness of solutions of such system, which enables us to establish suitable non-autonomous dynamical systems. We then show the existence and uniqueness of pullback attractors for the associated dynamical systems. Finally, by using the generalized Banach limit, we construct a family of invariant Borel probability measures, which are supported on the pullback attractors.

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-pie-10.1177_09544089221094096 for Computational fluid dynamics investigation of a misaligned-phase parallel external gear pump by Yan Qiang, Dandan Yang, Peng Zhan, Fenfen Li, Xiaomei Luo, Hongtao Gu and Liejiang Wei in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering

We consider semigroups such that the universal left congruence $$\omega ^{\ell }$$ is finitely generated. Certainly a left noetherian semigroup, that is, one in which all left congruences are finitely generated, satisfies our condition. In the case of a monoid the condition that $$\omega ^{\ell }$$ is finitely generated is equivalent to a number of pre-existing notions. In particular, a monoid satisfies the homological finiteness condition of being of type left- $${\text {FP}}_1$$ exactly when $$\omega ^{\ell }$$ is finitely generated. Our investigations enable us to classify those semigroups such that $$\omega ^{\ell }$$ is finitely generated that lie in certain important classes, such as strong semilattices of semigroups, inverse semigroups, Rees matrix semigroups (over semigroups) and completely regular semigroups. We consider closure properties for the class of semigroups such that $$\omega ^{\ell }$$ is finitely generated, including under morphic image, direct product, semi-direct product, free product and 0-direct union. Our work was inspired by the stronger condition, stated for monoids in the work of White, of being pseudo-finite. Where appropriate, we specialise our investigations to pseudo-finite semigroups and monoids. In particular, we answer a question of Dales and White concerning the nature of pseudo-finite monoids.

Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-eji-10.1177_20587392211059362 for Wnt/��-catenin signaling regulates lipopolysaccharide-altered polarizations of RAW264.7 cells and alveolar macrophages in mouse lungs by Jiali Yang, Ying Wang, Dandan Yang, Jia Ma, Shuang Wu, Qian Cai, Jing Xue, Chao Yuan, Jing Wang and Xiaoming Liu in European Journal of Inflammation

Graph products of monoids provide a common framework for direct and free products, and graph monoids (also known as free partially commutative monoids). If the monoids in question are groups, then any graph product is, of course, a group. For monoids that are not groups, regularity is perhaps the first and most important algebraic property that one considers; however, graph products of regular monoids are not in general regular. We show that a graph product of regular monoids satisfies the related, but weaker, condition of being abundant. More generally, we show that the classes of left abundant and left Fountain monoids are closed under graph product. The notions of abundancy and Fountainicity and their one-sided versions arise from many sources, for example, that of abundancy from projectivity of monogenic acts, and that of Fountainicity (also known as weak abundancy) from connections with ordered categories. As a very special case we obtain the earlier result of Fountain and Kambites that the graph product of right cancellative monoids is right cancellative. To achieve our aims we show that elements in (arbitrary) graph products have a unique Foata normal form, and give some useful reduction results; these may equally well be applied to groups as to the broader case of monoids.

It is difficult to evaluate the teaching quality of the traditional teaching methods, such as quantitative evaluation of the teaching quality of the students. The purpose of this paper is to construct the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) model of the teaching evaluation system of physical education teachers. According to the influence of various indexes on the quality of physical education, a comprehensive evaluation system of multi factor weight is established, and the corresponding weight of corresponding factors is calculated. Then, a simple and reliable evaluation calculation method is established. It provides a quantitative index for how to evaluate the teaching quality of physical education teachers more reasonably. The results of empirical test show that the evaluation index system can effectively measure the differences between the teaching ability of physical education teachers, and can comprehensively evaluate the teaching ability of physical education teachers in colleges.

In this paper, we explored the research status, hotspots, development contexts and trends of Data Science study in the field of editing and publishing in China. In our study, we selected 441 Data Science articles which published in 15 journals of editing and publishing science from 2008 to 2018 in CNKI database. By using Citespace, a bibliometric and visualization software, we analyzed the characteristics of publications, authors and research institutions in this field, plot the knowledge graph of data science study in the field of editing and publishing. According to the analysis, we found Data Science study in the field of editing and publishing has a clear development path in China, and most of the research findings would be divided into three aspects: a) research on data storage and mining; b) research on the application of Big Data in publishing Industry; c) research on collaborative development of data science technology and digital publishing. Although the Data Science method has been applied to solve scientific research problems and guide social production in the field of editing and publishing, the core researcher group is still weak and the study is in the stage of developing. It's going to be the focus of future research that the application of new data science method, such as Artificial Intelligence, to new production and profit model in publishing industry.

Let S be a subsemigroup of a semigroup T and let IG(E) and IG(F) be the free idempotent generated semigroups over the biordered sets of idempotents of E of S and F of T, respectively. We examine th...

Lewis base, N -methylmorpholine (NMM) accelerated Pd-catalyzed Sonogashira coupling of steric hindered super active esters, 1a–1e, and terminal alkynes. This approach provided an efficient synthetic protocol for a broad array of acylated o -alkynoylphenols compounds, 3a–3e, under moderate conditions. The mechanistic study clearly demonstrated that NNM stabilized the catalytic palladium species, and accelerated the leaving of triazine moiety during the catalytic cycle of the cross-coupling reactions. In addition, piperazine was found to efficiently catalyze the 6-endo cyclization of acylated o -alkynoylphenols, which achieved the diversity oriented synthesis of γ -benzopyranones, 4aa–4eg, with 93–99% yields.

We study maximal subgroups of the free idempotent generated semigroup $${\text {IG}}(E),$$ where E is the biordered set of idempotents of the endomorphism monoid $${\text {End}}\mathbf {A}$$ of an independence algebra $$\mathbf {A}$$ , in the case where $$\mathbf {A}$$ has no constants and has finite rank n. It is shown that when $$n\ge 3$$ the maximal subgroup of $${\text {IG}}(E)$$ containing a rank 1 idempotent $$\varepsilon $$ is isomorphic to the corresponding maximal subgroup of $${\text {End}}\mathbf {A}$$ containing $$\varepsilon $$ . The latter is the group of all unary term operations of $$\mathbf {A}$$ . Note that the class of independence algebras with no constants includes sets, free group acts and affine algebras.

The set of idempotents of any semigroup carries the structure of a biordered set, which contains a great deal of information concerning the idempotent generated subsemigroup of the semigroup in question. This leads to the construction of a free idempotent generated semigroup $\mathsf{IG}(\mathcal{E})$ - the `free-est' semigroup with a given biordered set $\mathcal{E}$ of idempotents. We show that when $\mathcal{E}$ is finite, the word problem for $\mathsf{IG}(\mathcal{E})$ is equivalent to a family of constraint satisfaction problems involving rational subsets of direct products of pairs of maximal subgroups of $\mathsf{IG}(\mathcal{E})$. As an application, we obtain decidability of the word problem for an important class of examples. Also, we prove that for finite $\mathcal{E}$, $\mathsf{IG}(\mathcal{E})$ is always a weakly abundant semigroup satisfying the congruence condition., Comment: 36 pages; accepted by Advances in Mathematics

Natural control methods based on surface electromyography (sEMG) and pattern recognization are promising for hand prosthetics. However, the control robustness offered by scientific research is still not sufficient for many activities of daily living (ADLs). Difficulty results from limited sEMG signals susceptible to interference in clinical practice, it needs to synthesize hand movement and sEMG to improve classification robustness. Human hand ADLs are made of complex sequences of finger joint movements, and capturing the temporal dynamics is fundamental for successful hand prosthetics control. Current research suggests that recurrent neural networks (RNN) are suited to automate feature extraction for time series domains, and dynamic movement primitives (DMP) can provide representation of hand kinematic primitives. We design a multimodal deep framework for inter-subject ADLs recognization, which: (i) implements heterogeneous sensors fusion; (ii) does not require hand-crafted features; and (iii) contains the dynamics model of the hand ADLs task control. We evaluate our framework on Ninapro datasets. Results show that our framework outperforms competing deep networks with single modal and some of the previous reported results.

When carrying out special services of rescue and firefighting in buildings, underground works, tunnels and mine, where has no GPS signal, it's important to get location information of special staff, which used by guiding rescue, evacuation and force dispatch. In order to meet the above requirements, this system uses the inertial measurement unit constructed by 3-axis acceleration, 3-axis gyroscope and 3-axis geomagnetic sensor to complete the measurement of pedestrian motion information, calculate the personnel attitude through the cosine matrix, and use the extended Kalman filter the calculation of the speed and position of the personnel is carried out, and the zero speed detection is realized by the gyroscope to reduce the accumulated error of the calculation, thus realizing the key technology of inertial navigation. Using ZigBee and WIFI modules, the development of portable wireless network nodes, to build a wireless self-organizing network. Using embedded microcontrollers and MEMS inertial sensors to build a wearable wireless navigation and positioning system. Using wireless ad hoc network, implement real-time online monitoring of the staff positions and movement trajectory. The wearable wireless navigation and positioning system can accurately obtain the position and movement trajectory of the rescue personnel. Using the wireless ad hoc network, the position and the trajectory information of the rescue personnel can be transmitted to the control center in real time to provide information for the disaster relief command and decision support service.

In China, two important national standards were implemented on Aug 1st, 2012, one is ‘Specification of domestic solar water heating systems’ (GB/T 19141-2011), the other is ‘Minimum allowable values of energy efficiency and energy efficiency grades for domestic solar water heating systems’ (GB 26969-2011). According to these two standards, the energy efficiency grades indicator CTP (coefficient of thermal performance) should be tested and calculated by daily useful energy and average heat loss factor of domestic solar heating system. Through experiment and calculation, the effect of measurement uncertainty and daily average ambient temperature on the migration of domestic solar water heating systems’ (DSWHS) energy efficiency grades was discussed. The calculation and analysis methods may be helpful for data consistency co-verfication between different inspection organizations.

An intensive investigation was conducted to study the spatial distribution and temporal variety trend of mercury and arsenic in plant tissue and soil profile in the eastern of the Tibet Plateau and to explore the possible sources of these two elements. At present, rare information is available on mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As) of timberline forests in the Tibet Plateau. Here, we present preliminary results on these two elements in leaves, twigs, root, litterfall, and soil. Geostatistical analyst of the ArcGIS 10.0 was used to determine the trait of spatial distribution of these two elements. Total arsenic (TAs) mean concentrations in the leaves, twigs, root, litterfall, and A- and C-layer soil ranged from 0.12 mg kg(-1) (n = 60), 0.35 mg kg(-1) (n = 60), 0.48 mg kg(-1) (n = 42), 1.52 mg kg(-1) (n = 84), 16.51 mg kg(-1) (n = 69), and 26.72 mg kg(-1) (n = 69), respectively. Total Hg (THg) mean concentrations in leaves, twigs, root, litterfall, and A- and C-layer soil were 0.0121 mg kg(-1) (n = 60), 0.0078 mg kg(-1) (n = 60), 0.0171 mg kg(-1) (n = 42), 0.0479 mg kg(-1) (n = 84), 0.0852 mg kg(-1) (n = 75), and 0.0251 mg kg(-1) (n = 75), respectively. In general, litterfall trended to accumulate high concentrations of Hg and As. Mercury in the timberline forest showed an increasing trend, whereas arsenic concentrations showed a decreasing trend in A-layer soil and an increasing trend in C-layer soil due to the easy mobile ability of As. Southwest and southeast monsoon could be the influencing factors, and Hg emission from India and China was the possible source of this study area through using a HYSPLIT (Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory) model. It is believed that these observations may offer scientists and policymakers additional understanding of Hg and As concentrations in the remote timberline area, eastern of the Tibet Plateau.

For determination of the eight polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in marine sediments based on gas chromatography-electron capture detection (GC-ECD), a rapid and effective method for simultaneous sample extraction and purification was developed, in which ultrasonically assisted alkaline hydrolysis was combined with solvent extraction. The sediment sample was processed in an ultrasonic bath in 2. 00 mol/L NaOH-methanol solution for 30 min, and subsequently extracted by n-hexane. The organic phase was then separated and purified by silica column and concentrated to 100 µL for GC-ECD analysis. Under the optimized conditions, the recoveries and relative standard deviations (RSDs) for eight PBDE congeners ranged from 63.6% to 110.3% and from 1.7% to 10.5% (n = 5), respectively. The limits of detection (LODs, S/N = 3) ranged from 0.002 to 0.011 ng/g except for deca-brominated diphenyl ether (BDE-209), which was 0.097 ng/g. With high accuracy, good stability and adequate recovery, the established method was successfully applied to the analysis of PBDEs in the surface sediments from Bohai Sea. The concentrations of ∑8PBDEs (sum of 2,4,4'-tribromodiphenyl ether (BDE-28), 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), 2, 2', 4, 4', 5-pentabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-99), 2, 2', 4, 4', 6-pentabromodiphenyl ether (BDE100), 2, 2', 4, 4', 5, 5'- 1.566 to 6.760 ng/g and from 1.461 to 6.438 ng/g, respectively. A decreasing gradient of concentration was basically observed with increasing distance off the shore, indicating that anthropogenic activities, surface runoff and river inputs may be the sources of PBDEs in the sediments from Bohai Sea.

A mild one-step route was successfully established for the preparation of iron nanoparticles by reduction of iron salts with hydrazine hydrate in a strong alkaline solution. Pressure played an important role for the fabrication of a pure α-Fe phase. The effects of the concentration of alkali and solvents on the formation of iron were also investigated. This synthetic method proved to be very facile and easy to be scaled up.

The study of the free idempotent generated semigroup $\mathrm{IG}(E)$ over a biordered set $E$ began with the seminal work of Nambooripad in the 1970s and has seen a recent revival with a number of new approaches, both geometric and combinatorial. Here we study $\mathrm{IG}(E)$ in the case $E$ is the biordered set of a wreath product $G\wr \mathcal{T}_n$, where $G$ is a group and $\mathcal{T}_n$ is the full transformation monoid on $n$ elements. This wreath product is isomorphic to the endomorphism monoid of the free $G$-act $F_n(G)$ on $n$ generators, and this provides us with a convenient approach. We say that the rank of an element of $F_n(G)$ is the minimal number of (free) generators in its image. Let $\varepsilon=\varepsilon^2\in F_n(G).$ For rather straightforward reasons it is known that if $\mathrm{rank}\,\varepsilon =n-1$ (respectively, $n$), then the maximal subgroup of $\mathrm{IG}(E)$ containing $\varepsilon$ is free (respectively, trivial). We show that if $\mathrm{rank}\,\varepsilon =r$ where $1\leq r\leq n-2$, then the maximal subgroup of $\mathrm{IG}(E)$ containing $\varepsilon$ is isomorphic to that in $F_n(G)$ and hence to $G\wr \mathcal{S}_r$, where $\mathcal{S}_r$ is the symmetric group on $r$ elements. We have previously shown this result in the case $ r=1$; however, for higher rank, a more sophisticated approach is needed. Our current proof subsumes the case $r=1$ and thus provides another approach to showing that any group occurs as the maximal subgroup of some $\mathrm{IG}(E)$. On the other hand, varying $r$ again and taking $G$ to be trivial, we obtain an alternative proof of the recent result of Gray and Ru\v{s}kuc for the biordered set of idempotents of $\mathcal{T}_n.$, Comment: 35 pages

In recent years, we have discovered Esc(1-21) and its diastereomer (Esc peptides) as valuable candidates for the treatment of Pseudomonas lung infection, especially in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Furthermore, engineered poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) were revealed to be a promising pulmonary delivery system of antimicrobial peptides. However, the “ad hoc” development of novel therapeutics requires consideration of their stability, tolerability, and safety. Hence, by means of electrophysiology experiments and preclinical studies on healthy mice, we demonstrated that neither Esc peptides or Esc-peptide-loaded PLGA NPs significantly affect the integrity of the lung epithelium, nor change the global gene expression profile of lungs of treated animals compared to those of vehicle-treated animals. Noteworthy, the Esc diastereomer endowed with the highest antimicrobial activity did not provoke any pulmonary pro-inflammatory response, even at a concentration 15-fold higher than the efficacy dosage 24 h after administration in the free or encapsulated form. The therapeutic index was ≥70, and the peptide was found to remain available in the bronchoalveolar lavage of mice, after two days of incubation. Overall, these studies should open an avenue for a new up-and-coming pharmacological approach, likely based on inhalable peptide-loaded NPs, to address CF lung disease.