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Additional file 2: Additional_figure_file1. Spectra of the stars obtained by comparing their observed count profiles as functions of wavelength with that of α And. See the text in the file for details.

Additional file 1: Additional_video_file. Flash candidate 170201. We converted successive ten frames in a raw SER format video file to FITS format images. Then, we increased the brightness and contrast of these images with fixed parameters. Next, we made an animated GIF file of 5 frames s−1 in framing rate with these images. Finally, we pasted the animation on the PowerPoint slide.

Additional file 3: Additional_figure_file2. Lightcurves of the three flashes that lasted more than a video frame. See the text in the file for details.

EQUULEUS is a spacecraft to explore the cislunar region including the Earth-Moon Lagrange point L2 (EML2) and will be launched by NASA’s SLS EM-1 rocket. Although the size of EQUULEUS is only 6U, the spacecraft carries three different science instruments. By using these instruments, the spacecraft will demonstrate three missions for solar system exploration science during and after the flight to EML2; imaging of the plasmasphere around the earth, observation of space dust flux in the cislunar region, and observation of lunar impact flashes at the far side of the moon. The developments and verifications of the flight models of these science instruments were completed by the end of 2018, and we started flight model integration and testing. This paper introduces the details of the scientific objectives, design results and development statuses of the instruments. In addition, results of the integration and pre-flight tests are also described.