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To report experience of perioperative nursing of tracheal silicon stent implantation in infants.Retrospective analysis on the cases of tracheal silicon stent implantation in infants in our hospital.Since middle of 2014, totally four tracheal silicon stent implantation were performed in our center. Of them, one case was recurrent tracheoesophageal fistula and the other three cases were traheomalacia. Parent's psychological support, infants' nutrition support and airway care were key responsibility for a nurse before implantation. During the procedure of stent implantation, it was responsible for a nurse to closely monitor the infants and to support operator. After the implantation, airway care and prevention of intra-airway bacterial colonization were important to avoid complications.

Upconversion fluorescence near 553 and 410nm was detected when the Er3+-doped yttrium vanadate (Er3+∶YVO4) crystal was excited with a 808nm-diode laser and a 658nm-dye laser. Analysis of excitation mechanism shows that excited state absorption dominantly contributes to the upconversion emissions. Measurement of lifetimes for different Er3+ concentration indicates that the lifetime of 553nm emission decreases with increasing Er3+ concentration, but no considerable changes of that of 410nm emission have been observed. With the consideration of the fact that the intensity of 553nm band declines with increasing Er3+ concentration, we argue that in the concentration range measured there is an appreciable concentration quenching in the 553nm emission, and a dominant population channel of its upper state (4S3/2) is the nonradiative relaxation from the upper state (2H9/2) of the 410nm band.

The thermal analysis of more than ten different starting composition materials in the Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system has been studied, and all these starting compositions crystallize between 800 and 800°C. Experiments show that only some of them can produce superconducting single crystals, and also suggest that the “2212” (BiSrCaCu) is the best starting composition for growing large 110 K (onset) superconducting single crystals. The largest crystals are 12×5×1 mm 3 with T c ( R =0)=83 K . The composition of the 110 K superconducting single crystal is Bi 3.3 Sr 2.6 Ca 1.1 Cu 3.0 O y .