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Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-ine-10.1177_15910199231185637 for Efficacy and safety of thrombectomy for acute ischaemic stroke in patients with pre-stroke mRS scores of 2–3: Real-world evaluation from an open-label, prospective, multicentre, observational study by Shigeta Miyake, Taisuke Akimoto, Yasunobu Nakai, Yu Amano, Ryoo Yamamoto, Kazumitsu Amari, Tetsuya Yamamoto, Masataka Takeuchi, Masafumi Morimoto, Yoshifumi Tsuboi, Shogo Kaku, Junichi Ayabe, Takekazu Akiyama, Daisuke Yamamoto, Hidemichi Ito, Hidetaka Onodera, Satoshi Takaishi, Yasuhiro Hasegawa and Toshihiro Ueda in Interventional Neuroradiology

Body talk is how people talk with others about their bodies, classified into three types based on its content: negative fat talk, negative muscle talk, and positive body talk. Negative fat talk is complaining about being fat or losing weight. Negative muscle talk is discussing the desire or the obligation to build muscles. Positive body talk is conversations about accepting or affirming the body and eating habits (Lin et al., 2021). Studies have suggested that negative fat talk is positively associated, whereas positive body talk is negatively associated with body fat dissatisfaction, especially among women (Arroyo et al., 2022; Lin et al., 2021; Takamura et al., 2019). However, previous studies did not indicate the causality between these variables. This longitudinal study plans to investigate the causal relationships between these two types of body talk and body dissatisfaction using a questionnaire to evaluate the participants’ subjective body dissatisfaction and the discrepancy between the ideal and actual body image. The study also plans to examine whether negative fat talk and positive body talk moderate the association between exposure to thin-ideal images on the Internet and body dissatisfaction. Research has suggested that exposure to ideal images, including peers or celebrities, on the Internet, is associated with body dissatisfaction (Rounsefell et al., 2019). Fardouly and Vartanian (2015) suggested that engaging in Facebook photo activities was associated with body dissatisfaction due to comparing own body shape with others. This study will examine whether negative fat talk can increase the association between exposure to thin-ideal images on the Internet and body fat dissatisfaction, whereas positive body talk can decrease this association for reasons described in the Hypotheses section. A previous study of men and women indicated that negative muscle talk is associated with increased maladaptive muscle gain behaviors and dissatisfaction regarding body size and shape (Lin et al., 2021; Sladek et al., 2014), suggesting that people who engage in negative muscle talk have internalized an athletic body shape. However, previous studies have not extensively studied the influence of negative muscle talk. Therefore, the current study plans to use a longitudinal design to examine the effect of negative muscle talk. This study will investigate the longitudinal associations among the variables described above in female university students because the desire to be thin is a problem observed mainly in young Japanese women (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 2019). However, the current study also explores the effects of the study variables on male students.

Response inhibition and attentional inhibition are subcomponents of inhibition (Tiego, Testa, Bellgrove, Pantelis, & Whittle, 2018). Response inhibition deficits are known to be positively associated with trait rumination (Hasegawa, Matsumoto, Yamashita, Tanaka, Kawaguchi, & Yamamoto, 2022a; Hasegawa, Somatori, Nishimura, Hattori, & Kunisato, 2021; Shimony, Einav, Bonne, Jordan, Van Vleet, & Nahum, 2021). Also, this association is mediated by increases in aggressive behaviors and negative interpersonal events (Hasegawa et al., 2022a). On the other hand, attentional inhibition deficits are not significantly associated with rumination (Hasegawa et al., 2022a; Nishimura, Hasegawa, Nishiguchi, Tabuchi, Matsumoto, Masuyama, Oi, Fukui, Oikawa, Tanno, & Mochizuki, 2022), or negatively associated with trait rumination (Altamirano, Miyake, & Whitmer, 2010). These findings suggest the functions and distinctions of the subcomponents of inhibition and why some people tend to ruminate. However, a previous study comparing the association of response inhibition and attentional inhibition with rumination had the limitation of assessing subcomponents of inhibition through individual task performances rather than latent variables (Hasegawa et al., 2022a). In addition, although previous studies have indicated that the relationship between response inhibition deficits and rumination might be mediated by stress generation (Hasegawa et al., 2021, 2022a), these studies did not use a measure to specifically assess negative event categories in the context of stress generation. Therefore, the current study will examine differences in the association with rumination between latent variables of response inhibition and attentional inhibition. Before the primary analyses, this study plan to explore a model assuming that inhibition is divided into two subcomponents because the classification of inhibition and executive function, which is the higher-level construct of inhibition, is still being debated (Friedman & Miyake, 2004, 2017; Rey-Mermet, Gade, & Oberauer, 2018; Tiego et al., 2018). In addition, this study will examine the assumed indirect association between response inhibition deficits and trait rumination via aggressive behaviors and negative interpersonal dependent events using a measure for specifically assessing event categories in the context of stress generation.

An online survey examining the psychological effects of non-coercive lockdown (mild lockdown) under the declaration of a state of emergency in Japan. Data were collected from 11333 people, mainly on psychological distress, depression, stressors and coping. A longitudinal study will be conducted in the future.

Mathematica files used for the numerical calculations in "Triblock copolymer micelle model of spherical paraspeckles"

Additional file 3: Figure S7. Scatter diagrams showing the associations between the mfPhNR/B of mfERG in each sector and the average thickness of the GCIPL, mRNFL, and GCC of OCT in glaucoma patients. mfPhNR/B: multifocal photopic negative response to multifocal B-wave ratio, mfERG: multifocal electroretinogram, GCIPL:Ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer, mRNFL: Macular retinal nerve fiber layer, GCC: Ganglion cell complex, OCT: Optical coherence tomopraphy, Ave: Average

Additional file 1: Figure S5. Scatter diagrams showing the associations between the N/T of mfERG, the macula thickness of OCT, and the mean thresholds and the total deviation of HFA 10–2 in each sector in glaucoma patients. N/T or NT: Nasal to temporal amplitude ratio, mfERG: multifocal electroretinogram, OCT; Optical coherence tomopraphy, HFA 10–2: Humphrey Field Analyzer Program Central 10–2, GCIPL:Ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer, Ave: Average, SN: Superonasal, IN: Inferonasal, ST: Superotemporal, IT: Inferotemporal, I: Inferior, S: Superior, mRNFL: Macular retinal nerve fiber layer, GCC: Ganglion cell complex, MD: Mean deviation, MT: Mean threshold, TD: Total deviation

Background: Nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) is induced by common neurosurgical conditions, for example, trauma, stroke, tumors, and surgical interventions in the brain. The aggressiveness of the treatment for NCSE depends on its neurological prognosis. Aphasic status epilepticus (ASE) is a subtype of focal NCSE without consciousness impairment. The impact of ASE on neurological prognosis is poorly documented. We describe a case of postoperative ASE resulting in verbal and memory deficits. Case Description: A 54-year-old, right-handed man with focal impaired awareness seizures underwent partial resection for a left temporal lobe tumor. No neurological deficits were observed immediately after surgery. Three days later, however, a focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizure (FBTCS) occurred, followed by aphasia. Electroencephalography revealed 1.5 Hz left-sided periodic discharges. He was diagnosed with ASE. Multiple anti-seizure drugs were ineffective for the resolution of the patient’s verbal disturbance. Nine days after the FBTCS, deep sedation with intravenous anesthetics was performed and the ASE stopped. Thereafter, his symptoms gradually improved. However, the prolonged ASE resulted in verbal and memory deficits. Automated hippocampal volumetry revealed an approximate decrease of 20% on the diseased side on magnetic resonance imaging 3 months after surgery. Conclusion: Prolonged ASE can induce verbal and memory deficits. Early intervention with intravenous anesthetics is required to obtain a favorable neurological prognosis.

An individual therapeutic strategy based on the genetic characterization is important in gliomas. However, it has been difficult to obtain genetic features during surgery. In this study, we present an overview of intraoperative genetic analysis using modified real-time PCR method. The tumor specimen was crushed with liquid nitrogen, then extract DNA within 60 minutes. Reagents of real-time PCR for detecting IDH, TERT, and BRAF hot spot mutations were stocked and real-time PCR was performed after mixing the extracted DNA. We used PNA and LNA to detect single nucleotide variant (SNV). The average time from tumor extraction to intraoperative tentative judgement was approximately 100 minutes. Using this system. we preliminary performed intraoperative genomic analysis in10 glioma patients. We confirmed that 8 of 10 cases (80%) of intraoperative genomic diagnosis were consistent with post-operative diagnosis by Sanger sequencing. However, we experienced 2 (20%) unmatched cases due to low allele of SNV, which indicates that more advanced system is required for clinical application.

This music score was submitted for the Kaleidoscope 2020 Call for Scores, an open access collaboration with the UCLA Music Library.

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Low glycolysis activation in a patient with PLNTY. Immunohistochemistry for glucose transporter 1, hexokinase 2, and lactate dehydrogenase A in the high-methionine-uptake (#1, upper) and low-methionine-uptake (#2, lower) region within tumor tissue. A. Bars, 50 μm. Figure S2. Images of the patient’s glioblastoma with the BRAF V600E mutation. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (left) and 11C-methionine positron emission tomography (right) images of the YMG62 patient.

Additional file 1. Supplementary materials and methods

Background Allopurinol has been widely used for the treatment of hyperuricemia, however, it may be associated with various adverse effects. Febuxostat has been identified as a potentially safe and efficacious alternative. Objectives Febuxostat was administered to patients with hyperuricemia including gout in Japan to compare its efficacy and safety with those of allopurinol. Methods The starting dose of febuxostat and allopurinol was 10 and 100 mg/d, respectively, and was increased to the fixed maintenance dose of 40 or 60 mg/d for febuxostat and 300 mg/d for allopurinol for 16 weeks. Results : The percent change in the serum uric acid level at 16 weeks compared with the baseline serum uric acid level was -42.96% ± 13.33% and -52.47% ± 9.79% for the febuxostat 40- and 60-mg/d groups, respectively, and -36.55% ± 18.59% for the allopurinol group, indicating that the hypouricemic effects of febuxostat increased in a dose-dependent manner and equaled to or surpassed those of allopurinol (P = 0.0239, 2-sample t test). The percentage of patients with serum uric acid levels of 6.0 mg/dL or less at 16 weeks was 88.9% and 100% for the febuxostat 40- and 60-mg/d groups, respectively, and 68.8% for the allopurinol group, showing higher achievements for the febuxostat groups compared with the allopurinol group. All adverse drug reactions were mild to moderate in severity, and there were no severe symptoms or reactions leading to drug discontinuation. Conclusions These results suggest that febuxostat is safe at doses of 40 and 60 mg/d and has equal or greater efficacy than 300 mg/d allopurinol.

Allopurinol has been widely used for the treatment of hyperuricemia, however, it may be associated with various adverse effects. Febuxostat has been identified as a potentially safe and efficacious alternative.A multicenter study with randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel, intergroup comparison was carried out to evaluate the dose-response relationship, efficacy, and safety of febuxostat in 202 patients with hyperuricemia (including patients with gout) in Japan.The subjects were treated with febuxostat at fixed maintenance doses (20-80 mg/d) or a placebo for 16 weeks. The percentage of patients achieving serum uric acid levels 6.0 mg/dL or less and the percent change in serum uric acid levels after 16 weeks of treatment were evaluated.The percentage of patients achieving serum uric acid levels 6.0 mg/dL or less at 16 weeks was 87.8% in the 80-mg/d dose group, 83.3% in the 60-mg/d group, 82.9% in the 40-mg/d group, 46.5% in the 20-mg/d group, and 2.6% in the placebo group (P0.001, Mantel-Haenszel test). A statistically significant dose-response relationship was found. The percent change in serum uric acid levels after 16 weeks of treatment differed significantly between each febuxostat dose group and the placebo group and increased in a dose-dependent manner above 40 mg/d. No deaths, events posing a clinical problem, or serious adverse reactions attributable to febuxostat were noted. Similar results were obtained regardless of gout history.Febuxostat can safely reduce serum uric acid levels to 6.0 mg/dL or less in 80% or more of patients with hyperuricemia (including gout) at doses of 40 mg/d or higher.

Background : Allopurinol has been widely used for treatment of hyperuricemia, however, it may be associated with various adverse effects. Febuxostat has been identified as a potentially safe and efficacious alternative. Objectives : A multicenter study with randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group comparison was carried out to evaluate the efficacy and safety of febuxostat in 103 patients with hyperuricemia (including patients with gout) in Japan. Methods : Subjects were treated with febuxostat (20 or 40 mg/d) or a placebo for 8 weeks. The variables evaluated were the percentage of patients achieving serum uric acid levels 6.0 mg/dL or less and the percent change in serum uric acid levels after 8 weeks. Results : The percentage of patients achieving serum uric acid levels 6.0 mg/dL or less after 8 weeks was 91.2% in the febuxostat 40-mg/d group, 45.7% in the 20-mg/d group, and 0.0% in the placebo group. The percent changes in serum uric acid levels after 8 weeks were -44.9% in the febuxostat 40-mg/d group, -28.9% in the 20-mg/d group, and -0.6% to -0.5% in the placebo group. No severe or medically significant adverse reaction attributable to febuxostat was noted, and there was no event that could pose a clinical problem. The efficacy did not differ depending on the presence/absence of gout history. Conclusions : These results suggest that febuxostat (20 or 40 mg/d) is useful as a new means of treating hyperuricemia and is capable of reducing serum uric acid levels to 6.0 mg/dL or less (goal of treatment) with high safety regardless of the presence/absence of gout history.

The effect of external electrostatic charge on the shapes of liquid condensed (LC) phase domains in monolayer at the air/water interface was investigated. For this reason the thermodynamic properties, domain size, and spontaneous polarization were analyzed by surface pressure-area isotherms, Brewster angle microscopy (BAM), and Maxwell displacement current technique. The analysis indicated magnesium ions preferred to bond with dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine negative head group in liquid expanded phase and/or at domain boundary at low ion concentration and got an access to binding with molecules inside of the LC domains for higher ion concentration. Domain size increase characterized by BAM was discussed in respect to the shape equation on the basis of electrostatic energy contribution. Although molecular repulsive force increased by adding of ions into subphase, the growth of domain size exceeded this tendency. Following shape equation analysis it was suggested that this effect corresponded to change in dipole moment orientation represented by increase in spontaneous polarization in normal projection. This demonstrated impact of local electrostatic field on molecular dipoles and free energy of LC domains.

We performed magnetohydrodynamic simulation of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and associated giant arcade formations, and the results suggested new interpretations of observations of CMEs. We performed two cases of the simulation: with and without heat conduction. Comparing between the results of the two cases, we found that reconnection rate in the conductive case is a little higher than that in the adiabatic case and the temperature of the loop top is consistent with the theoretical value predicted by the Yokoyama-Shibata scaling law. The dynamical properties such as velocity and magnetic fields are similar in the two cases, whereas thermal properties such as temperature and density are very different.In both cases, slow shocks associated with magnetic reconnectionpropagate from the reconnection region along the magnetic field lines around the flux rope, and the shock fronts form spiral patterns. Just outside the slow shocks, the plasma density decreased a great deal. The soft X-ray images synthesized from the numerical results are compared with the soft X-ray images of a giant arcade observed with the Soft X-ray Telescope aboard {\it Yohkoh}, it is confirmed that the effect of heat conduction is significant for the detailed comparison between simulation and observation. The comparison between synthesized and observed soft X-ray images provides new interpretations of various features associated with CMEs and giant arcades., Comment: 39 pages, 18 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. The PDF file with high resplution figures can be downloaded from http://www.kwasan.kyoto-u.ac.jp/~shiota/study/ApJ62426.preprint.pdf"

In this paper a method for refining a triangular mesh is proposed in which more vertices and faces are added to the mesh to make it smoother. We apply this method to a problem in the field of rapid prototyping wherein triangular meshes are major shape representations. Based on the concept of subdivision surface, we propose a new refinement method called Local Surface Fitting Scheme (LSF Scheme). There the refinement is made by referring to the quadric surfaces locally defined to fit the neighborhood of vertices in the triangular mesh. In order to evaluate this scheme, it is compared with Zorin’s Modified Butterfly scheme (MB Scheme) [20]. A prototype system is developed and some examples are demonstrated. The results show that the LSF Scheme can produce smooth triangular meshes. We apply this scheme to a problem in rapid prototyping.

Purpose Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) is a transmembrane receptor that mediates immune responses to exogenous and endogenous ligands, and interacts with heat-shock proteins, which are reportedly involved in normal tension glaucoma (NTG). We investigated whether TLR2 polymorphisms are associated with NTG. Methods 200 Japanese patients with NTG and 128 healthy Japanese controls were recruited. We genotyped five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TLR2 gene and assessed the allele and haplotype diversities between cases and controls for all SNPs. Results No significant differences in the frequency of TLR2 alleles and haplotypes in the NTG cases were detected, compared with the controls. Conclusions Our study showed no evidence for an association between TLR2 polymorphisms and NTG. TLR2 polymorphisms may not play an important role in NTG pathogenesis in the Japanese population.