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OBJECTIVE: A methodological type of study was conducted for the purpose of investigating the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Clinical Learning Environment, Supervision and Nurse Teacher (CLES+T) evaluation scale of the clinical learning environment of students, clinical nurses, and educators. METHODS: Sample was comprised of 602 Turkish nursing students with clinical practice experience at the hospital. The CLES+T, developed by Saarikoski, was used for data collection. Language equivalency, internal consistency, item-total correlation, and structure validity were conducted within the scope of the validity and reliability study on the CLES +T scale. RESULTS: It was determined that item-total correlations of four items were lower than 0.30, and those items were removed from the scale as a result of item analysis. The Cronbach's alpha value of the scale was 0.93-0.99; item total point correlations of the scale varied between 0.45 and 0.66; six factors were identified in the CLES+T factor analysis study, with a total variance explained by these six factors of 64%. CONCLUSION: According to the findings of the research, the CLES+T Turkish version was found to be a valid and reliable scale, which can be used to evaluate satisfaction of nursing students with their clinical education in Turkey.

Objective : The aim of the present study is to compare the vaginal and cesarean section births with respect to maternal and umbilical cord serum lipid levels. Method : Totally 64 pregnant women, 20 vaginal deliveries and 44 cesarean sections are included for the study. Serum lipid levels are investigated in maternal and cord blood. Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels are determined and compared between the groups. Results : The groups are not different with respect to maternal age, gestational week and birthweights. There was a positive correlation between the HDL levels of maternal and umbilical venous samples (p, Amaç : Bu çalışmanın amacı, normal vajinal doğum ile elektif sezaryen olan gebelerde maternal ve umblikal kord serum lipid düzeylerinin karşılaştırılmasıdır. Yöntem : Yirmi normal vajinal doğum ve 44 elektif sezaryen olan toplam 64 gebe incelendi. Gebelerden eş zamanlı olarak maternal ve umblikal venden kan örnekleri alınarak serum total kolesterol (TK), trigliserid (TG), yüksek dansiteli lipopretein (HDL) ve düşük dansiteli lipoprotein (LDL) düzeyleri çalışıldı. Elde edilen değerler birbiri ile ve iki grup arasında karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular : Çalışmamızda, iki grup arasında (normal vajinal ve sezaryen) maternal yaş, gestasyonel hafta ve doğum kiloları açısından anlamlı fark gözlenmedi. Sezaryen ile doğum yapan grupta, maternal ve umblikal vende sadece HDL düzeyleri arasında karşılıklı pozitif ilişki saptandı (p

Potential degradation products (DPs), even in small concentrations, can cause changes in pharmacological and toxicological properties of a drug with a significant impact on product quality and safety. Thus, their stability and understanding of possible degradation mechanisms have a significant importance. Although liquid chromatography is the conventional technique used for forced degradation studies with excellent accuracy and reproducibility, the main disadvantages of the technique are being expensive and time-consuming. As a powerful technique, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) can be an alternative with its high sensitivity, easy sample preparation and low cost. In this study, the degradation of both tofacitinib (TOF), a Janus kinase inhibitor, and methotrexate (MTX), an inhibitor of tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase, are studied using SERS under hydrolytic, oxidative and thermal conditions using mesoporous silica coated silver nanoparticles (Si@AgNPs) as SERS substrates. The study demonstrated that the degradation of the tested drugs using Si@AgNPs as SERS substrates could be monitored through the spectral changes on SERS spectra of drugs under several degradation conditions. © 2020 Elsevier B.V. The financial support from Yeditepe University is greatly apppeciated.