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Additional file 1: Figure S1.Relationship between ARHGAP39 expression and clinicopathological parameters. Figure S2. Kaplan-Meier curve ofARHGAP39 in breast cancer. Figure S3.ARHGAP39 promotes breast cancer cell colony formation and wound healingability. Figure S4. Subcellularlocation of ARHGAP39. Figure S5.Relationship between ARHGAP39 co-expressed genes and the immune cellinfiltration level. Figure S6.Relationship between ARHGAP39 and immune cell marker gene of macrophage inTIMER. Figure S7. The protein-protein interactions network of ARHGAP39.

Additional file 1. Original images of western blotting.

Inhalable messenger RNA (mRNA) has demonstrated great potential in therapy and vaccine development to confront various lung diseases. However, few gene vectors could overcome the airway mucus and intracellular barriers for successful pulmonary mRNA delivery. Apart from the low pulmonary gene delivery efficiency, nonnegligible toxicity is another common problem that impedes the clinical application of many non-viral vectors. PEGylated cationic peptide-based mRNA delivery vector is a prospective approach to enhance the pulmonary delivery efficacy and safety of aerosolized mRNA by oral inhalation administration. In this study, different lengths of hydrophilic PEG chains were covalently linked to an amphiphilic, water-soluble pH-responsive peptide, and the peptide/mRNA nano self-assemblies were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The in vitro mRNA binding and release, cellular uptake, transfection, and cytotoxicity were studied, and finally, a proper PEGylated peptide with enhanced pulmonary mRNA delivery efficiency and improved safety in mice was identified. These results showed that a proper N-terminus PEGylation strategy using 12-monomer linear monodisperse PEG could significantly improve the mRNA transfection efficiency and biocompatibility of the non-PEGylated cationic peptide carrier, while a longer PEG chain modification adversely decreased the cellular uptake and transfection on A549 and HepG2 cells, emphasizing the importance of a proper PEG chain length selection. Moreover, the optimized PEGylated peptide showed a significantly enhanced mRNA pulmonary delivery efficiency and ameliorated safety profiles over the non-PEGylated peptide and LipofectamineTM 2000 in mice. Our results reveal that the PEGylated peptide could be a promising mRNA delivery vector candidate for inhaled mRNA vaccines and therapeutic applications for the prevention and treatment of different respiratory diseases in the future. Schematic illustration of proper PEGylation strategy of pH-responsive LAH4-L1 peptide-mRNA nano self-assemblies enhances the pulmonary delivery efficiency of aerosolized mRNA.

BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of global cancer-related mortality and the most common form of liver cancer. REXO4 (RNA exonuclease 4 homolog) downregulation has previously been linked to enhanced chemosensitivity in breast cancer cells. The present study sought to comprehensively clarify the functional role of REXO4 in HCC. METHODS: REXO4 expression levels in HCC tumor tissues and control tissue samples were established by analyzing data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The expression of REXO4 was then knocked down in HCC cell lines to explore its functional role in these cells, while a gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) approach was used to assess the functional regulator network associated with REXO4, and the Cell type Identification By Estimating Relative Subsets Of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) algorithm was used to determine the relationship between this gene and immune cell infiltration of tumor tissues. The relationship between REXO4 and metabolic pathway was analyzed by oil red O staining. Cell Counting Kit-8 assays, colony formation, wound-healing assay, and a nude mouse subcutaneous tumor model were used to evaluate the function of REXO4 in HCC. RESULTS: REXO4 was highly upregulated in HCC tumors and cell lines, and was an effective predictor of HCC patient prognosis. The results indicated that the knockdown of REXO4 inhibited the proliferation and progression of HCC in vitro and in vivo. GSEA approaches also revealed REXO4 to be associated with tumor progression. Furthermore, REXO4 was associated with the degree of increase of intratumoral immune cell infiltration in HCC tissues and cells, and this gene was also linked with altered lipid metabolism in HCC cells. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, these analyses revealed REXO4 to be upregulated in HCC and to be associated with poor patient prognosis. In addition, this gene was closely linked to key cancer hallmark pathways and was revealed to play an important role in the susceptibility of liver tumors to immune cell infiltration and activation. Thus, targeting REXO4 may be a promising approach to treating patients with HCC in the near future.

The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of treatment-combined electrocauterization after removal of apocrine sweat glands with ultrasound-guided (BOTOX) injection for adolescents with axillary bromhidrosis. From January 2015 to January 2018, 90 adolescents with axillary bromhidrosis were recruited and randomly divided into three groups (group A, B, and C). Patients in group A underwent electrocauterization after removal of apocrine sweat glands, patients in group B received ultrasound-guided BOTOX injection, and patients in group C had electrocauterization after the removal of apocrine sweat glands followed by ultrasound-guided BOTOX administration after two weeks. All patients were followed up for one year. The percentages of axillary malodor score at twelve months after treatments compared with pre-operation for group A, group B, and group C were 20.2%, 27.5%, and 12.5%, respectively. Significant statistical differences were observed in changes of axillary malodor score among the three groups at three, six, nine and twelve months postoperatively. Satisfaction rates of group A, group B, and group C were 90.0%, 93.3%, and 96.7%, respectively. The side effects after surgery in group A were similar to group C, and no side effect was observed in group B. One-year postoperative scar formation rate of group A was 16.7%, which was significantly higher than that of group B (0) and group C (6.66%). Combination of electrocauterization after removal of apocrine sweat glands with ultrasound-guided BOTOX injection showed better treatment effects.

Bladder cancer (BLCA) remains the leading cause of cancer‐related mortality among genitourinary malignancies worldwide. BLCA metastasis represents the primary reason for its poor prognosis. In this study, we report that decreased expression of partitioning defective 3 (Par3), a polarity protein (encoded by PARD3), is associated with tumor aggressive phenotypes and poor prognosis in BLCA patients. Consistently, ablation of Par3 promotes the metastasis and invasion of BLCA cells in vitro and in vivo. Further studies reveal that zinc finger protein Snail represses the expression of Par3 by binding to E2‐box (CAGGTG) of PARD3 promoter‐proximal. Inhibition of GSK‐3β promotes the expression and nuclear localization of Snail and then reduces the expression of Par3, resulting in the metastasis and invasion of BLCA cells. Moreover, we detected the interaction between Par3 (936‐1356 aa) and ZO‐1 (1372‐1748 aa), which is involved in the maintenance of tight junction. Together, our results demonstrate that the GSK‐3β/Snail/Par3/ZO‐1 axis regulates BLCA metastasis, and Snail is a major regulator for Par3 protein expression in BLCA., We report here that (a) polarity protein Par3 is frequently lost in BLCA patients and is associated with muscle‐invasive phenotypes and poor prognosis; (b) Par3 deficiency is required for BLCA invasion and metastasis in vitro and in vivo; (c) Snail suppresses Par3 expression through its binding to PARD3 E2‐box; and (d) overexpression of Par3 abolishes LiCl‐ or Snail‐induced BLCA metastatic behaviors, suggesting a role of the GSK‐3β/Snail/Par3 axis in regulating BLCA metastasis.

It is difficult to study the intestinal damage induced by space radiation to astronauts directly, and few prediction models exist. However, we can simulate it in patients with pelvic tumor radiotherapy (RT). Radiation-induced intestinal injury (RIII) is common in cancer patients who receieved pelvic and abdominal RT. We dynamically analyzed gut microbiota and metabolites alterations in 17 cervical and endometrial cancer patients after pelvic RT. In patients who later developed grade 2 RIII, dysbiosis of gut microbiota and metabolites were observed. Univariate analysis showed that Erysipelatoclostridium and ptilosteroid A were related to the occurrence of grade 2 RIII. Notably, a strong positive correlation between gut bacteria Erysipelatoclostridium relative abundance and gut metabolite ptilosteroid A expression was found. Furthermore, combinations of Erysipelatoclostridium and ptilosteroid A could provide good diagnostic markers for grade 2 RIII. In conclusion, gut bacteria Erysipelatoclostridium and its related metabolite ptilosteroid A may collaboratively predict RIII, and could be diagnostic biomarkers for RIII and space radiation injury.

Additional file 2: Figure S1. Small-molecule cocktails induced DE differentiation from hPSCs. Sequential morphologic changes in the differentiation of hPSCs into DE. Scale bars 100 μm. Figure S2. Small-molecule cocktails directed hepatic specification. Immunostaining analyses of AFP and HNF4α expression after different small molecule cocktails induced. Figure S3. Generation of HBs from human iPSC line. Immunostaining analyses results showed that human iPSC line (UC15) could sequentially differentiate into DE cells and HBs with high efficiency similarity as previous hESC line H1, and expressed stage specific markers.

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-cpj-10.1177_00099228221128375 for An Assessment of a Socioeconomic Risk Screening Tool for Telemedicine Encounters in Pediatric Primary Care: A Pilot Study by Elizabeth Ireson, Mary Carol Burkhardt, Dominick DeBlasio, Yingying Xu, Jessica Walters, Tasha Johnson and Melissa Klein in Clinical Pediatrics

Spin flash drying equipment is widely used in chemical, food and other fields. Drying process consumes large amounts of energy and reduction in operating cost will be extremely beneficial for the industry. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency of spin flash dryer. A three-dimensional CFD model of the drying process was established by computational fluid dynamics, and the flow field characteristics and heat transfer mechanism of the drying process were obtained. We studied the specific effects of different parameters on the drying process, and verified the results with calcium carbonate as raw material. The experimental results are basically consistent with the simulation results. The velocity, temperature and pressure in the drying chamber near the wall are greater than those in the central region, which generally decrease with height. The speed of the cutter set has a large effect on the tangential and radial velocity, but the influence on the pressure drop is not significant. Meanwhile the temperature and velocity of inlet air have a greater impact on distribution of flow field and material drying, the variable structure improves the stability of the drying process.

In order to depict the impact of rainfall on phreatic evaporation, this study analyzes phreatic evaporation and the phreatic evaporation coefficient between surface evaporation and soil depth in Shajiang black soil and Fluyo-aquic soil. We have improved the existing commonly used mathematical framework, established two rainless day phreatic evaporation calculation models, and then calculated the calculation model of the phreatic evaporation reduction on rainy days. Finally, rainy day evaporation calculation models on two soils were proposed. The results show that the evaporation coefficient is affected by both depth and the evaporation ability of the surface water. The evaporation reduction of Shajiang black soil increased with depth and the increasing trend gradually slowed down until it approached zero. The evaporation reduction of the Fluyo-aquic soil phreatic decreased first and then increased with depth, reaching a minimum at 0.4 m. The reduction of phreatic evaporation in both soils decreased with the increase in rainfall level and decreased with the increase in rainfall duration showing ‘inverted S-type’. In summary, the phreatic evaporation composite calculation models on rainy days and rainless days have good fitting and prediction results, which can improve the accuracy of phreatic evaporation calculations. HIGHLIGHTS How the water table depth and surface evaporation influence phreatic evaporation was determined.; The exponential calculation models of phreatic evaporation under rainless conditions were established.; The decrease in phreatic evaporation when the level of rainfall and rainfall duration increased.; The model of phreatic evaporation under rainfall conditions was established.

The product could not be effectively expanded and the puffing temperature was too high, which usually occurred during the explosion puffing drying process of fruits and vegetables. CO2 high-pressur...

Since the traditional methods such as statistical analysis are used to analyze the long-term nursing service strategy more, and no association rule method is used to solve the problems encountered in the development of long-term nursing service. This paper aims to provide some data support for the establishment of a scientific and reasonable long-term nursing information system by synthesizing the basic national conditions and drawing lessons from foreign experience. Therefore, in order to improve the analytical accuracy of multidimensional multi-model data, minimal rule which includes rules with single item as the consequent and the minimal number of items as the antecedent, can be introduced to derive the same decisions as other association rules without information loss, while the number of minimal rules is much less than of all rules. From these association rules, it can be known that diabetes has a strong association with coronary heart disease, hypertension, fatty liver, chronic arterial occlusive disease, abnormal lipid metabolism and other diseases; according to the analysis of the antecedent and consequence in the results table of the above association rules, it can be found that diabetes is highly likely to cause hypertension, coronary heart disease, abnormal lipid metabolism, fatty liver, and there is a close relationship between various complications.

Retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RPLS) is a very rare type of tumor, accounting for less than 1% of all malignancies, especially the “large retroperitoneal liposarcoma” (GRPLS) of more than 20 kg (kilograms). Herein, we describe the treatment experience in a case of recurrent GRPLS. A 70-year-old woman was admitted with an enlarged abdomen, and computed tomography (CT) showed a large, low-density, homogeneous retroperitoneal mass (40×37×26 cm). In laparotomy, this 55×40×20 cm liposarcoma was completely removed and pathologically diagnosed as low-grade myxoid liposarcoma. The patient did not receive any adjuvant therapy, and CT showed no evidence of recurrence during follow-up.

Purpose Paclitaxel, belongs to tubulin-binding agents (TBAs), showed a great efficacy against breast cancer via stabilizing microtubules. Drug resistance limits its clinical application. Here we aimed to explore a role of Polarity protein Par3 in improving paclitaxel effectiveness.Methods Breast cancer specimens from 45 patients were collected to study the relationship between Par3 expression and paclitaxel efficacy. The Kaplan–Meier method was used for survival analysis. Cell viability was measured in breast cancer cells (SK-BR-3 and T-47D) with Par3 over-expression or knockdown. The flow cytometry assays were performed to measure cell apoptosis and cell cycle. BrdU incorporation assay and Hoechst 33258 staining were performed to measure cell proliferation and cell apoptosis, respectively. Immunofluorescence was used to detect microtubule structures. Results Par3 expression is associated with good response of paclitaxel in breast cancer patients. Consistently, Par3 overexpression significantly sensitizes breast cancer cells to paclitaxel by promoting cell apoptosis and reducing cell proliferation. In Par3 overexpressing cells upon paclitaxel treatment, we observed intensified cell cycle arrests at metaphase. Further exploration showed that Par3 overexpression stabilizes microtubules of breast cancer cells in response to paclitaxel, and resists to microtubules instability induced by nocodazole, a microtubule-depolymerizing agent. Conclusion Par3 facilitates polymeric forms of tubulin and stabilizes microtubule structure, which aggravates paclitaxel-induced delay at the metaphase-anaphase transition, leading to proliferation inhibition and apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Par3 has a potential role in sensitizing breast cancer cells to paclitaxel, which may provide a more precise assessment of individual treatment and novel therapeutic targets.

This study aims to significantly improve the performance of the centrifugal pump by designing a wedge grooves on the outside of the impeller cover, and investigating the method for determining the blade outlet angle that plays important roles in the energy conversion. The solidliquid two-phase flow fields with the designed pump and an original pump were numerically simulated in the ANSYS-FLUENT. Compared with the original pump, reducing the blade outlet angle can effectively improve the sand-water wear on the blade surface and opening wedge grooves can slow down impeller ring wear. The head of the improved model pump decreases by about 1.5% and the efficiency increases by about 1.5%.

Large quantities of hazardous activated petroleum waste sludge and wastewaters are generated from petroleum refining. The present disposal of the sludge via incineration or landfill may cause secondary pollution as well as additional costs. Treatment of petroleum refinery wastewater (PRW) by catalytic ozonation process (COP) remains a great challenge of developing low-cost and high-efficiency catalysts. Use of waste sludge derived biochar as catalysts in COP of PRW not only solves the solid wastes and wastewaters problems but also improves profitability. The elements of carbon (C), silicon (Si) and metals originally found in activated petroleum waste sludge contribute to the formation of active sites during pyrolysis. The biochar contains functional C groups, Si O structures, and metallic oxides that promote oxidation through the formation of hydroxyl radicals ( OHs) mineralizing petroleum contaminants. Catalytic ozonation of PRW using this sludge biochar (SBC) doubles the total organic carbon removal (53.5%) relative to single ozonation (26.9%). Oxygen (Ox)-, nitrogen (NOx)- and sulfur (OxS)-containing contaminants were decreased by 33.4% (989 vs 659), 58.2% (912 vs 384) and 12.5% (384 vs 336). The present study shows the potential of a “wastes-treat-wastes” process for wastewater treatment.

Aiming at the problem of low efficiency and time-consuming of the traditional college attendance sign-in method, an attendance system based on face recognition, wireless network verification, fingerprint and voice verification was proposed and designed. This design splits the attendance system into four functions: wireless network list acquisition verification, face recognition, voice verification, fingerprint acquisition, and sign-in record storage. Based on this, a database for storing data and a graphical interface are designed to achieve The function of the time and attendance system.

BACKGROUND: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are persistent environmental pollutants used as flame retardants. Gestational PBDE exposure has been associated with a variety of behavior problems in children, but little is known about its impact into adolescence, particularly on social skills, which are important for achieving social competence, establishing identity, and forming lasting relationships. OBJECTIVE: We investigated associations between gestational exposure to PBDEs and social skills and problem behaviors in early adolescence in a longitudinal pregnancy and birth cohort in Cincinnati, Ohio (recruited 2003–2006). METHODS: We measured maternal serum concentrations of five PBDE congeners during gestation. At age 12, we collected social skills and problem behaviors scores from 243 adolescents and their caregivers using the Social Skills Improvement System (SSiS). We used multivariable linear regression models to estimate associations between maternal PBDE concentrations and SSiS outcomes, controlling for potential covariates. We report associations for the five congeners and a summary exposure variable (∑(5)BDE: the sum of BDE- 28, 47, 99, 100, and 153, n=197). RESULTS: We found sex-specific associations of ∑(5)BDE concentrations with adolescent-reported Problem Behaviors (∑(5)BDE × sex p(int)=0.02) and caregiver-reported Social Skills (∑(5)BDE × sex p(int)=0.02) despite higher ∑(5)BDE exposure among females (Male GM=35.30 ng/g lipid, GSE=1.09; Female GM=40.15 ng/g lipid, GSE=1.10). In sex-stratified models, log(10) transformed data revealed increased maternal ∑(5)BDE concentration among males was associated with decreased caregiver-reported Social Skills composite score (β=−10.2, 95% CI: −19.5, −1.0), increased adolescent-reported Problem Behaviors composite score (β=12.1, 95% CI: 5.4, 18.8), and increased caregiver-reported Problem Behaviors composite score (β=6.2, 95% CI: 0.7, 11.7). Further analysis on SSiS subscales revealed similar patterns in significant associations among males. There were no statistically significant associations in stratified models among females. DISCUSSION: We found gestational PBDE exposure in males was associated with poorer behavioral outcomes, extending previous findings among this cohort into early adolescence.

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 (OLR1), a key receptor for oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), plays a crucial role in cancer and inflammatory disease. However, the correlation between OLR1 expression and immune infiltration in breast cancer (BC) remain unclear. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the expression level of OLR1 in BC tissues and explore the prognostic importance of OLR1 using quantitative real-time PCR, immunohistochemical analysis and different databases. The significantly enriched KEGG and GO pathways were used to identify the potential biological function of OLR1 via LinkedOmics analysis. Furthermore, we detected the correlation between OLR1 expression and a variety of immune infiltrating cells via Tumor Immune Estimation Resource database and GEPIA database. Our study revealed that OLR1 upregulation was observed in BC tissues and correlated with worse clinical outcomes and advanced clinicopathological factors. Meanwhile, OLR1 regulated various immunity-related pathways, especially the polarization of macrophages. Immunohistochemical analysis further confirmed the significant correlation between OLR1 expression and tumor infiltration of M2 macrophages as well as tumor-associated macrophages. OLR1 upregulation indicated poor prognosis in BC, possibly through inducing macrophage polarization and triggering immune evasion. Collectively, OLR1 may represent a potential therapeutic target for BC tailored therapy.

Background A keloid is a benign human skin tumor that resulted by fibrous overgrowths during wound healing. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are indicated to involve in the development of keloid. However, the role of lncRNA LINC01615 in regulating keloid development and the underlying mechanism are still unknown. Methods The expression levels of LINC01615, miR-590-3p and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) mRNA were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The protein levels of apoptosis-related proteins, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagens and FGF2 were measured by western blot. The effect of LINC01615 on keloid development was assessed by cell proliferation, apoptosis and collagen deposition of keloid fibroblasts which were determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry assay and the protein levels of collagens, respectively. The relationships between LINC01615 and miR-590-3p, miR-590-3p and FGF2 were predicated by online software and confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down assay. Results We first found that LINC01615 was upregulated in keloid tissues and fibroblasts, and LINC01615 promoted cell proliferation and collagen deposition and suppressed apoptosis in keloid fibroblasts. LINC01615 targeted miR-590-3p and downregulated miR-590-3p expression, and overexpression of miR-590-3p inhibited the development of keloid. Then, FGF2 was identified as a target of miR-590-3p. LINC01615 facilitated keloid development via regulating FGF2 expression through miR-590-3p. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that LINC01615 contributed to keloid development via the miR-590-3p/FGF2 axis.

En China existe una tradición milenaria de diseño de jardines que ha tenido como objetivo la búsqueda de integración con la naturaleza en armonía con ideas geománticas ancestrales. Durante la dinastía Míng (S.XIV-XVII) alcanzó su máximo explendor ya que constituyó un símbolo de prestigio social. En este contexto surgieron los primeros tratados sobre el jardín, siendo el más antiguo y completo el Yuányě, escrito en 1631 por Jì Chéng. En este artículo se realiza un análisis holístico del Yuányě con objeto de producir un relevante avance en la comprensión del jardín en relación a la cultura y el pensamiento chinos. There is a millenary tradition of garden design in China in a search for integration with nature in harmony with ancestral geomantic ideas. Garden design reached its maximum splendor during the Míng dynasty (14th-17th centuries) since it was a symbol of social prestige. In this context, the first treatises governing gardens appeared. The oldest and most complete is the Yuányě, written in 1631 by Jì Chéng. This article provides a holistic analysis of the Yuányě to produce a significant advance in understanding the garden in relation to Chinese culture and thought.

Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignant tumor, and the overall prognosis of patients with advanced CRC is still unsatisfactory. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein A (circVAPA) could act as an underlying biomarker in CRC. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of circVAPA in the regulation of CRC growth. Methods CircVAPA level was measured in CRC tumor tissues. The expression levels of circVAPA, VAPA mRNA, microRNA-125a (miR-125a), and cAMP response element binding 5 (CREB5) in CRC cells were detected by RT-qPCR. Cell cycle progression, migration and invasion, extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) were measured by flow cytometry, transwell assays and Seahorse XF96 Glycolysis Analyzer, severally. The levels of glucose uptake, lactate and ATP production were examined by Glucose Uptake Colorimetric Assay kit, Lactate Assay kit and ATP Colorimetric Assay kit, respectively. The interaction between miR-125a and circVAPA or CREB5 was predicted by Starbase or DIANA TOOL, and verified by the dual-luciferase reporter and RNA Immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. Results CircVAPA level was up-regulated in CRC tumor tissues. Expression levels of circVAPA and CREB5 were increased, and miR-125a was decreased in CRC cells. CircVAPA knockdown repressed CRC cells cycle progression, migration, invasion and glycolysis. CircVAPA acted as a miR-125a sponge to regulate CREB5 expression. Rescue assay confirmed that miR-125a deletion or CREB5 overexpression weakened the inhibitory effect of circVAPA knockdown on CRC growth. Conclusion Our studies disclosed that circVAPA knockdown suppressed CRC cells cycle progression, migration, invasion and glycolysis partly by modulating miR-125a/CREB5 axis, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for CRC treatment.

Aiming at the problem that the mechanism of the moisture transfer in the nanopores of porous media has not been researched clearly. In this work, the molecular dynamics model of moisture diffusion in nano pores of porous media was established and the moisture diffusion process was analyzed by the molecular dynamics (MD) method. The Kelvin effect of water diffusion in nanopores of porous media was simulated and the model was validated by drying of potato slices. The results of simulation and verification showed that the molecular dynamics model could simulate and calculate the moisture diffusion coefficient of potato slices well. The maximum relative error of the diffusion coefficient between the simulation and experimental results is 8.6%. During the drying process, the temperature, pore size, wall roughness and the phase area fraction have important effects on the water diffusion in the nanopores. With the increase of the temperature, pore size and phase area fraction, and with the decrease of the wall roughness, the diffusion coefficients of porous media drying increased accordingly. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The detection of tunnel surface defects is the very important part to ensure tunnel safety. Traditional tunnel detection mainly relies on naked-eye inspection, which is time-consuming and error-prone. In the past few years, many defect detection methods based on computer vision have been introduced. However, these methods with manual feature extraction do not perform well in detecting tunnel defects due to the complicated background of tunnel surfaces. To address these problems, this paper proposes a novel tunnel defect inspection method based on the Mask R-CNN. To improve the accuracy of the network, we endow it with a path augmentation feature pyramid network (PAFPN) and an edge detection branch. These improvements are easy to implement, with subtle extra memory and computational overhead. In this paper, we perform a detailed study of the PAFPN and the edge detection branch, and the experiment results show their robustness and accuracy in tunnel defect detection and segmentation.

Fucosyllactoses, including 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) and 3-fucosyllactose (3-FL), are important oligosaccharides in human milk that are commonly used as nutritional additives in infant formula due to their biological functions, such as the promotion of bifidobacteria growth, inhibition of pathogen infection, and improvement of immune response. In this study, we developed a synthetic biology approach to promote the efficient biosynthesis of 2'-FL and 3-FL in engineered Escherichia coli. To boost the production of 2'-FL and 3-FL, multiple modular optimization strategies were applied in a plug-and-play manner. First, comparisons of various exogenous α1,2-fucosyltransferase and α1,3-fucosyltransferase candidates, as well as a series of E. coli host strains, demonstrated that futC and futA from Helicobacter pylori using BL21(DE3) as the host strain yielded the highest titers of 2'-FL and 3-FL. Subsequently, both the availability of the lactose acceptor substrate and the intracellular pool of the GDP-L-fucose donor substrate were optimized by inactivating competitive (or repressive) pathways and strengthening acceptor (or donor) availability to achieve overproduction. Moreover, the intracellular redox regeneration pathways were engineered to further enhance the production of 2'-FL and 3-FL. Finally, various culture conditions were optimized to achieve the best performance of 2'-FL and 3-FL biosynthesizing strains. The final concentrations of 2'-FL and 3-FL were 9.12 and 12.43g/L, respectively. This work provides a platform that enables modular construction, optimization and characterization to facilitate the development of FL-producing cell factories.

The discharge of wastewater having recalcitrant chemical compositions can have significant and adverse environmental effects. The present study investigates the application of a catalytic ozonation treatment for the removal of recalcitrant organic chemicals (ROCs) from the water. Novel catalytic materials using vanadium (V) oxides deposited onto the surface of NaZSM-5 zeolites (V/ZSM) were found to be highly efficient for this purpose. The highly-dispersed V oxides (V4+ and V5+) and Si-OH-Al framework structures were determined to promote the surface reaction and generation of hydroxyl radicals. The constructed V1/ZSM450 (0.7 wt% of V loading and 450°C of calcination) exhibited the highest activity among the developed catalyst compositions. The V1/ZSM450-COP increased the mineralization rate of nitrobenzene and benzoic acid by 50 and 41% in comparison to single ozonation. This study demonstrates the enhanced potential of V/ZSM catalysts used with catalytic ozonation process (COP) for the treatment of chemical wastewaters.

Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a self-configuring network that is widely used but vulnerable to the malicious jammers in practice. In this paper, we consider a jamming channel problem in MANET where a jammer intermittently interrupts the communication channels and the transmitter needs to determine which time slot to send data in order to avoid the interruption. Learning from the historical experience, a Deep Q-Network (DQN) based approach is proposed to generate transmission decisions at the transmitter. In addition, a variant of DQN, termed adaptive DQN, is introduced to cope with the change of jamming conditions. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can learn an optimal policy to guide the transmitter to avoid jamming more quickly and efficiently than a Q-learning baseline. Moreover, the effectiveness and robustness of the adaptive DQN is also numerically verified.

En China existe una tradición milenaria en el diseño de jardines que constituye una de sus manifestaciones culturales más significativas. El concepto de jardín apareció por primera vez durante la dinastía Shāng (s. XI a.C.) y alcanza su máximo esplendor en la dinastía Míng (s. XIV-XVII). En este último período, funcionarios y aristócratas competían con el diseño de sus jardines, debido a que constituía un símbolo de prestigio social y nivel cultural. Como consecuencia, el número y la calidad de los jardines privados aumentó considerablemente, sobre todo en la próspera región de Jiāngnán 江南, situada al sureste del país. En esta zona residían la mayor parte de literatos y eruditos, y constituyó por tanto el centro cultural de China durante esa época. En este contexto, aparecieron por primera vez tratados sobre el jardín que nos proporcionan valiosas reflexiones y descripciones. El más antiguo y completo es el Yuányě《园冶》, escrito en 1631 por Jì Chéng 计成, aunque también podemos destacar al "Tratado de Elementos Superfluos"《长物志》[Zhàngwù zhì] (1621) de Wén Zhènhēng ⽂震亨, o las "Notas ocasionales para ocio y percepción"《闲情偶寄》[Xiánqíng ǒujì] (1667) escrito por Lǐyú 李渔. Los jardines privados de esta región tuvieron una gran repercusión, ya que fueron utilizados posteriormente como modelos para la construcción de jardines privados e imperiales en otras zonas del país. La tesis se ha centrado por tanto en el estudio de los jardines privados Míng en Jiāngnán. Considerando pertinente estudiar el modo en que el contexto social, cultural y político de esta próspera región contribuyó al desarrollo del jardín, como su evolución a lo largo del período analizado. La investigación se ha basado en el estudio de fuentes originales tales como tratados de la época, pinturas paisajísticas, composiciones poéticas o análisis in situ de jardines que han perdurado hasta nuestros días. Además, las fuentes originales han sido complementadas mediante el análisis de investigaciones contemporáneas. Nos hemos centrado principalmente en el estudio del Yuányě, ya que es el tratado más antiguo y completo sobre el jardín en China, y se trata de un texto clave para entender el jardín clásico en el marco de la cultura y sociedad Míng. Por otro lado, este tratado refleja aspectos esenciales de la cultura y el pensamiento chino, y tiene gran importancia en la literatura clásica, debido a las numerosas referencias históricas y literarias que utiliza, así como el uso del estilo literario conocido como Piántǐ wén 骈 体⽂. Dada la importancia del Yuányě, hemos incluido una traducción anotada directamente desde el chino. De este modo, futuros investigadores podrán disponer del texto original, con aclaraciones o especificaciones pertinentes, para poder realizar su propia interpretación en función de sus objetivos o intereses de investigación. El Yuányě recoge conceptos o principios creativos que deben inspirar las diferentes escenas del jardín, y ofrece consejos prácticos para la construcción y ubicación de sus elementos arquitectónicos. En este sentido, aporta 235 ilustraciones que incluyen plantas de pabellones, tipos de ventanas y balaustradas, pavimentos y diseños decorativos de galerías o pasajes. Estos principios de diseño reflejan la búsqueda de una íntima relación entre el hombre y la naturaleza, y permiten arrojar nueva luz sobre como la arquitectura debe de relacionarse con su entorno para estar en armonía con el medio ambiente. Por otro lado, hemos analizado la relación del Yuányě con otras manifestaciones artísticas, tales como la pintura, literatura o poesía, así como con diferentes corrientes de pensamiento. En concreto, con el confucianismo, taoísmo, budismo e ideas de geomancia o fēngshuǐ. De este modo, queremos producir un relevante avance en la comprensión de las bases conceptuales en las que se fundamenta el arte del jardín en China. There is a millenary tradition of garden design in China that represents one of its most significant cultural expressions. The concept of gardens first appeared during the Shāng dynasty (11th century BC) and reached its maximum splendor in the Míng Dynasty (14th-17th centuries). During this period, officials and aristocrats competed in the design of gardens because it was a symbol of social and cultural prestige. As a result, the number and quality of private gardens considerably increased, more specifically in the prosperous Jiāngnan 江南region, located in the southeast of the country. The majority of literati and scholars resided in this area, and consequently, it was the cultural center of China at that time. In this context, the first treatises governing gardens appeared, which provided valuable reflections and descriptions. The oldest and most complete is the Yuányě《园冶》, written in 1631 by Jì Chéng 计成, although we can also highlight the "Treaty of Superfluous Elements"《长物志》[Zhàngwù zhì] (1621) by Wén Zhènhēng ⽂震亨and the "Occasional notes for leisure and perception"《闲情偶寄》[Xiánqíng ǒujì] (1667) written by Lǐyú 李渔. The private gardens of this region had a great impact, since they were later used as models for the construction of private and imperial gardens in other areas of China. Consequently, the thesis focuses on the study of Míng private gardens in Jiāngnán. We considered it pertinent to study the way in which the social, cultural and political context of this prosperous region contributed to the development of gardens and their evolution throughout this period. Our research has been based on the study of original sources such as treatises from the time, landscape paintings, poetic compositions or in situ analysis of gardens that have lasted to this day. Additionally, the original sources have been complemented by the analysis of contemporary research. We have focused the analysis on the study of Yuányě, since it is the oldest and most complete treatise on gardens in China, as well as being a key text to understand the classical garden within the framework of Míng culture and society. Furthermore, this important treatise reflects relevant values of Chinese culture and thought, and has great importance in classical literature, due to the numerous historical and literary references used, as well as the use of the literary style known as Piántǐ wén 骈体⽂. Given the importance of Yuányě, we have included an annotated translation directly from Chinese. Subsequently, future researchers will have access to the original text, with appropriate clarifications or specifications, to be able to carry out their interpretation according to their objectives or research interests. Yuányě includes concepts and creative principles that should inspire different garden scenes, and provides practical advice for the construction and location of architectural elements. In this sense, it contributes 235 illustrations that include designs for pavilions, types of windows and balustrades, pavements and decorative designs of galleries or passages. These design principles reflect the search for an intimate relationship between man and nature and allow us to shed new light on how architecture must relate to and harmonize with the natural environment. Moreover, we have analyzed the relationship of the Yuányě with additional artistic manifestations, such as painting, literature or poetry, as well as different currents of thought. In particular, its relationship with Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, and ideas of geomancy or fēngshuǐ. In this way, we want to produce a relevant advance in the understanding of the conceptual bases of the art of gardens in China.

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text, Observational studies have reported that Vitamin D deficiency and the risk type 2 diabetes are associated, but the causation is unclear. Mendelian randomization (MR) involving genetic variants as instrument variables (IVs) overcomes the reverse-casualty and unmeasured confounding. However, with limited sample size and IVs, previous MR studies showed inconsistent results. Leveraging by a largely increased sample size for both stages, we aim to provide an updated and precise estimate for the causality between Vitamin D and type 2 diabetes. A 2-sample multi-IVs MR was performed. IVs for circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) were obtained from a genome-wide association study from UK biobank involving 329,247 subjects of European ancestry. The causal effect of 25(OH)D and type 2 diabetes was estimated using traditional inverse variance weighting and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) framework which provides a robust estimate by systematically filtering out IVs identified with potential pleiotropy effects. A higher genetically instrumented 25(OH)D was causally linked to reduced risk of type 2 diabetes risk by MR-PRESSO [odds ratio (OR) per standard deviation (SD) = 0.950, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.913–0.988, P = .010] after removing 13 (13/193) invalid IVs. In addition, we confirmed the causal role Vitamin D using 2 synthesis-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which are consistent with previous MR studies [OR per SD = 0.894, 95% CI = 0.816–0.979, P = .016]. With a largely improved sample size, our results confirmed that genetically increased 25(OH)D concentration reduced the risk of type 2 diabetes and provided a more precise estimate for the effect size. The updated result empowers the role of Vitamin D and provides nontrivial evidence for interventional studies.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common gastrointestinal cancer with high mortality rate mostly due to metastasis. Ca2+-dependent activator protein for secretion 1 (CAPS1) was originally identified as a soluble factor that reconstitutes Ca2+-dependent secretion. In this study, we discovered a novel role of CAPS1 in CRC metastasis. CAPS1 is frequently up-regulated in CRC tissues. Increased CAPS1 expression is associated with frequent metastasis and poor prognosis of CRC patients. Overexpression of CAPS1 promotes CRC cell migration and invasion in vitro, as well as liver metastasis in vivo, without affecting cell proliferation. CAPS1 induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), including decreased E-cadherin and ZO-1, epithelial marker expression, and increased N-cadherin and Snail, mesenchymal marker expression. Snail knockdown reversed CAPS1-induced EMT, cell migration and invasion. This result indicates that Snail is required for CAPS1-mediated EMT process and metastasis in CRC. Furthermore, CAPS1 can bind with Septin2 and p85 (subunit of PI3K). LY294002 and wortmanin, PI3K/Akt inhibitors, can abolish CAPS1-induced increase of Akt/GSK3β activity, as well as increase of Snail protein level. Taken together, CAPS1 promotes colorectal cancer metastasis through PI3K/Akt/GSK3β/Snail signal pathway-mediated EMT process.

The installation position of the external mirror, a very significant safety parts of vehicles, directly affects the driver’s field of view. To determine the position of the external mirror is a complicated task, factors need to be considered such as styling, ergonomic, safety, engineering design, etc. In the process of vehicle development, the external mirror is often arranged after the modeling schemes is determined. However, it is not easy to get a good visual field and human comfort subject to the constraints of the styling features. Therefore, it is necessary to give out the position of the external mirror and the field of vision in the early stage of modeling. In order to obtain a good view, the ideal position of the outside mirror is packaged considering of ergonomic, and the minimum visible dimension of the mirror is designed on the basis of vision conformance, which avoid the safety hazard and massive amounts of modification caused by improper design of the external mirror.

In view of the fact that the zone model for porous media drying cannot disclose the mechanism of liquid phase distribution effectively, a pore network model for the slow isothermal drying process of porous media was developed by applying the theories of pore network drying and transport-process, which fused the physical parameters of porous media, such as porosity, pore mean diameter, and pore size distribution into the model parameters, and a sand bed drying experiment was conducted to verify the validity of this model. The experiment and simulation results indicate that the pore network model could explain the slow isothermal drying process of porous media well. The pore size distributions of porous media have a great effect on the liquid phase distribution of the drying process. The dual-zone model is suitable for the porous media whose pore size distribution obeys Gaussian distribution, while the three-zone model is suitable for the porous media whose pore size distribution obeys the lognormal distribution when the drying analysis of porous media is conducted.

In this paper, we describe the formatting guidelines for ACM SIG Proceedings. In order to assure safety of Chinese Train Control System (CTCS), it is necessary to ensure the operational risk is acceptable throughout its life-cycle, which requires a pragmatic risk assessment required for effective risk control. Many risk assessment techniques currently used in railway domain are qualitative, and rely on the experience of experts, which unavoidably brings in subjective judgements. This paper presents a method that combines fuzzy reasoning and analytic hierarchy process approach to quantify the experiences of experts to get the scores of risk parameters. Fuzzy reasoning is used to obtain the risk of system hazard, analytic hierarchy process approach is used to determine the risk level (RL) and its membership of the system. This method helps safety analyst to calculate overall collective risk level of system. A case study of risk assessment of CTCS system is used to demonstrate this method can give quantitative result of collective risks without much information from experts, but can support the risk assessment with risk level and its membership, which are more valuable to guide the further risk management.

Sensing of urban bus travelling data based on data collection from the Internet enables researchers from different regions to focus on the same study objects and promote the development of corresponding theories and technology. In this study, seven processes running on two servers were employed to retrieve real-time bus travelling data from the official bus information inquiry website of Suzhou, China. For data acquisition, a frequent problem encountered is the missing of bus travelling data caused by GPS signal fluctuation and network failure. In order to recover the missing data, we proposed Knearest-neighbor linear regression (KNN-LR) for data interpolation. Leave-one-out cross-validation is adapted to assess the performance of the proposed approach. It is demonstrated that the proposed KNN-LR method is robust and suitable for recovering missing data of bus trajectories in practice.

With the increasing popularity of cloud computing, there is an increased demand for cloud resources in cloud. It has become even more urgent to find solutions to improve resource utilization. From the perspective of a cloud consumer, a cloud application processes a large information flow involving user actions that access resources, but little work has so far been devoted to research from the perspective of the interaction between the user and the cloud application. In this paper, we analyze the interaction in detail, and propose a general mathematical interaction model to formulate the challenge pertaining to storage resource allocation as an optimization problem, focusing on minimizing both the user's cost and server's consumption. A potential response mechanism is then designed based on the interaction model. Furthermore, the proposed model is used to explore strategies when multiple users access the same file simultaneously. Additionally, an improved queuing system, namely M/G/ ∞ queue with standby, is introduced. Finally, an evaluation is presented to verify the interaction model.

In order to investigate the transformation among the precipitation, groundwater, and surface water in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China, precipitation and groundwater samples which were collected at the meteorological station of the Sanjiang Mire Wetland Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences and the surface water which collected from the Wolulan River were used to identify the transformation of three types of water. The isotope composition of different kinds of water sources were analyzed via stable isotope (deuterium and oxygen-18) investigation of natural water. The results show a clear seasonal difference in the stable isotopes in precipitation. During the cold half-year, the mean stable isotope in precipitation in the Sanjiang Plain reaches its minimum with the minimum temperature. The δ18O and δD values are high in the rainy season. In the Wolulan River, the evaporation is the highest in August and September. The volume of evaporation and the replenishment to the river is mostly same. The groundwater is recharged more by the direct infiltration of precipitation than by the river flow. The results of this study indicate that the water bodies in the Sanjiang Plain have close hydrologic relationships, and that the transformation among each water system frequently occurs.

Antibiotic resistance had increased in recent years, raising the concern of public health authorities. 210 Escherichia coli (E. coli) were isolated from soil samples around the chicken farm, dove farm and quails farm to assess the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance. Broth microdilution and PCR were used for the sulfonamides susceptibility testing and detection of sulphonamides resistance genes respectively. Between the isolates, 66 (31.4 %) were susceptible to sulfamethoxazole agents. The separated sulfonamides -resistant also exhibit resistance to other of antibiotics according to CLSI standard. And so sulfonamides -resistant bacteria had the highest resistance to chloramphenicol, middle resistance to tolerance ability of penicillin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin and the lowest resistance to rifamicin. Sulfonamide resistance was different from isolated E. coli. sul1, sul 2 and int 1 were detected more higher than int 2 and sul 3. In addition, there were 89 detected resistance genes in soil. Among them, there were 48 strains contained one kind of resistance genes. Meantime, there were 6 strains contained two kinds of resistance genes, while there were 4 strains contained three kinds of resistance genes. Only there was 1 strain contained four genes in the chicken farm, dove farm and quails farm, respectively. So was1 strain contained five genes in the chicken farm. Oddly enough, 4 sensitivity strains were not detected resistance gene. The results showed that the sulfonamide resistance of bacteria had multiple antibiotic resistances which were isolated from E. coli in the poultry farm. While different proportion of sulfonamides resistance genes was observed in different animal species. In conclusion, antibiotic resistance bacteria and resistance genes related with a lot of factors, mutations in genes involved in drug metabolism have been well-associated with drug resistance. Obviously, the sulfonamides resistance did not coincide with the presence of such genes completely in this study.

En este artículo se establece un paralelismo entre la arquitectura tradicional china y concepciones cosmológicas y sociales, con objeto de analizar su proceso de formalización. En este sentido, se discute el modo en que los patrones arquitectónicos se han estandarizado a partir de módulos o elementos relacionados en diferentes niveles de composición y articulados en torno al vacío, que simboliza la naturaleza, para alcanzar el equilibrio con el Cosmos. Las conclusiones evidencian que se han establecido unas relaciones llenas de significado entre el hombre y la naturaleza, que responden simultáneamente a una síntesis de ideologías y filosofías jerarquizadas que provienen del confucianismo y su continuo desarrollo. In this paper, a parallelism between traditional Chinese architecture and cosmological and social conceptions is established to analyze its process of formalization. In this regard, it is discussed the way in which architectural patterns have been standardized from modules or elements related in various levels of composition and articulated around the vacuum, that symbolizes nature, to achieve equilibrium with the Cosmos. The conclusions show that meaningful relationships between man and nature have been established that simultaneously reproduce a hierarchical synthesis of ideologies and philosophies that come from Confucianism and its continuous development.

Catalytic ozonation processes (COPs) are an emerging technology for wastewater treatments. NaZSM-5 zeolites in three different SiO2/Al2O3 ratios (31, 45, and 120) and their metallic oxides loaded samples were compared for COP of nitrobenzene solution. NaZSM-5(120) showed high total organic carbon (TOC) removals (70.2–74.0%) by adsorption relative to NaZSM-5(45) (0.4–0.6%) at various initial pH conditions. NaZSM-5(31) was obtained by NaOH treatment of NaZSM-5(45) and displayed 20.9–23.8% of TOC removals by adsorption. In COPs, the different ZSM-5 zeolites exhibited various TOC removals and different reaction pathways. COP-NaZSM-5(120) showed high TOC removals compared to COP-NaZSM-5(45) and COP-NaZSM-5(31). The repeated uses of zeolites in COPs were performed to understand the reaction pathways and contribution of adsorption versus ozonation (i.e., catalytic oxidation and/or direct ozonation). Both adsorption and direct ozonation in COP-NaZSM-5(120) contributed TOC removal for the first use, whereas direct ozonation and •OH mediated oxidation dominated the process for eight repeated uses. Direct ozonation and •OH-mediated oxidation controlled the COP-NaZSM-5(45) process for the first and eight repeated uses. Adsorption and direct ozonation governed the COP-NaZSM-5(31) process for the first use, whereas the direct ozonation dominated it for eight repeated uses. In COPs, NaZSM-5(120) and NaZSM-5(45) showed the catalytic activity, whereas NaZSM-5(31) displayed negligible catalytic activity. The high catalytic activity of NaZSM-5(120) may be due to more Si-O bonds on zeolite surfaces. The results revealed that loading of Mg oxide on ZSM-5 zeolites can increase catalytic activity in COPs. These results show the application potential of ZSM-5 zeolites in ozonation of recalcitrant chemical wastewaters.

A novel Internet content distribution service Offline downloading service has emerged recently and attracted a large number of users all over the world. Unlike traditional Internet content distribution systems such as Bittorrent (BT), Offline downloading service uses dedicated cloud unities (Cache cloud) to store files what users wish to download and provide uploading, in order to guarantee file availability and enhance data transfer rate. Besides, with the help of tracker server, P2P (peer-to-peer) swarms constructed by users benefit to save server-side (Cache cloud) bandwidth consumption of the novel service. In this paper, we conduct a two-month measurement study for evaluating the effectiveness of the novel Offline downloading service on improving user experience. Our study shows that the bandwidth resource of Cache cloud is expected to be insufficient in the near future. The relevant influential factors are found to be file popularity, time period and peer connection status. Guided by these findings, we develop a flexible bandwidth allocation strategy for Cache cloud, in propose of saving the Cache cloud bandwidth without affecting service quality by maximizing the cooperation between cloud-acceleration and peer-assistance.

One novel thermoelectric charger that consists of a thermoelectric generator, a boost converter and a battery was researched. The theory of the device was explained. Two control modes, max power point tracing and power match, were indicated separately. After building up the complete controller block, the relationship among the MPPT&PM loop, the voltage loop and current loop were discussed. The mathematic model of the voltage loop was analyzed. Its transfer function was derived. The relationships between damping factor ζ, natural frequency ω n and adjust time t s , overshoot σ% were analyzed. Finally the PI regulator parameters can be gotten. The experiment result verified that the model is correct.

In order to meet both the dynamic qualities and the acquisition accuracy of multi-mode receiver, this paper gives a variable sampling FFT+PMF Fast Acquisition method on the basis of analyzing the every system signals' characteristics and related technologies. Combine with DSP+FPGA, it forms a hardware platform, gives part of the capture program and DSP capture process.

Considering the knowledge of electronic communication and carries multi-media-induced diversity, we suggest a form of ontology-based knowledge of electronic communications management solutions, conduct an in-depth study of theoretical issues such as in the field of ontology creation, learning, evolution, integration and consistency checks of knowledge base, and focus on resolving conflict and redundancy of knowledge to trigger the body of the evolution of the dynamic model. Provide a platform for the establishment of basic theory and methodological guidance for the smart IETM, expert systems, technology training and application of intelligent decision-making system for the sharing of knowledge.

The heparan sulfate-degrading endoglycosidase may mediate tumor invasion and metastasis. It is known that heparanase-1 (HPA-1) plays an important role in cleaving heparan sulfate. In this study we investigated its potential role in gastric carcinoma malignant behaviour.To assess the role of HPA-1, we suppressed its expression using small interfering RNA (siRNA). The human heparanase-1 specific siRNA was transfected to the human gastric carcinoma cell line SGC7901. The effect of gene silencing was assessed by Real-Time PCR and Western Blot. The invasion potential of the cells was evaluated using an in vitro cell invasion model system.The HPA-1 specific siRNA significantly suppressed expression of heparanase-1 in SGC7901 cells. Invasion after RNAi treatment through membranes in a model system was significantly decreased.HPA-1 facilitates gastric carcinoma invasion by up-regulating endoglycosidase activity in tumor cells.

The disordered way of the Web information organization has seriously hindered the knowledge sharing and interoperability, this paper presents a knowledge-oriented Web page automatic acquisition system (AKAS2WP). This system includes four core modules, and they are accessing of web pages, text extraction, the management and organizations of the concept and the attribute extraction of the concept. Accessing of Internet web pages is to download Web pages form certain site, saves and uses for web analytics, and text extraction filter module format Html document control symbols, to get a plain text file. Meanwhile, the management and organizations of the concept and the attribute extraction of the concept, respectively, obtains terminology of given certain domain, and get the terms’ description of the structure of property and structure of domain ontology. This system can be directly applied to the relevant field of automatic knowledge acquisition, so as to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of knowledge acquisition.

The traditional text-to-speech (TTS) server system is an interactive service platform for voice generation within an intranet operating over TCP/IP protocol. In the information era, the ever-expanding Web services require that the service scope of TTS server systems enlarge to the whole Internet. This paper proposes an advanced TTS server system binding with the simple object access protocol (SOAP) and describes its architecture and implementation. The performance data comparison by experiments is presented in the end of the paper.