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Supplementary Material 1

Video anomaly detection under weak supervision is challenging due to the absence of frame-level annotations during the training phase. Previous work has employed graph convolution networks or self-attention mechanisms to model temporal relations, along with multiple instance learning (MIL)-based classification loss to learn discriminative features. However, most of them utilize multi-branches to capture local and global dependencies separately, leading to increased parameters and computational cost. Furthermore, the binarized constraint of the MIL-based loss only ensures coarse-grained interclass separability, ignoring fine-grained discriminability within anomalous classes. In this paper, we propose a weakly supervised anomaly detection framework that emphasizes efficient context modeling and enhanced semantic discriminability. To this end, we first construct a temporal context aggregation (TCA) module that captures complete contextual information by reusing similarity matrix and adaptive fusion. Additionally, we propose a prompt-enhanced learning (PEL) module that incorporates semantic priors into the model by utilizing knowledge-based prompts, aiming at enhancing the discriminative capacity of context features while ensuring separability between anomaly sub-classes. Furthermore, we introduce a score smoothing (SS) module in the testing phase to suppress individual bias and reduce false alarms. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of various components of our method, which achieves competitive performance with fewer parameters and computational effort on three challenging benchmarks: the UCF-crime, XD-violence, and ShanghaiTech datasets. The detection accuracy of some anomaly sub-classes is also improved with a great margin.

Compression of alfalfa into briquettes is an effective way to solve the problem of storage and transportation. In the process of compression, heat is generated and the temperature is raised in the material. In fact, the appropriate temperature can improve the quality of alfalfa briquettes and reduce the energy consumption of densification. In this study, the effect of assisted vibration on the compression temperature was tested. The results showed that when the vibration frequency was below 15 Hz, the temperature at the center and side in compressed alfalfa increased slowly with compression time. When the vibration frequency was above 20 Hz, it increased first and then decreased with the increase of time. Moreover, the maximum temperature value increased remarkably when the frequency was above 20 Hz. In the same vibration frequency and compression time, the center temperature in the compressed alfalfa was higher than the side temperature. The experimental results provide a reference for the determination of reasonable vibration parameters, and explanation of the effect of vibration on reducing energy consumption.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Primers used in this study. Table S2. Promoter and terminator sequence used in this study. Figure S1. The dynamic curve of stirrer speed, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH overall fermentation process.

Supplementary Material 2

The ability to choose an appropriate camera view among multiple cameras plays a vital role in TV shows delivery. But it is hard to figure out the statistical pattern and apply intelligent processing due to the lack of high-quality training data. To solve this issue, we first collect a novel benchmark on this setting with four diverse scenarios including concerts, sports games, gala shows, and contests, where each scenario contains 6 synchronized tracks recorded by different cameras. It contains 88-hour raw videos that contribute to the 14-hour edited videos. Based on this benchmark, we further propose a new approach temporal and contextual transformer that utilizes clues from historical shots and other views to make shot transition decisions and predict which view to be used. Extensive experiments show that our method outperforms existing methods on the proposed multi-camera editing benchmark., Comment: Extended Abstract of ECCV 2022 Workshop on AI for Creative Video Editing and Understanding

Additional file 2: Table S1-S4., Figure S1-S7. Table S1. List of genes in the 3DMed 150-gene panel. Table S2. HER2 mutations identified at baseline. Table S3. Clinical response to pyrotinib according to different HER2 mutation types. Table S4. The detected molecular alterations at baseline and progression. Fig. S1. HER2 mutational map at baseline. Green: receptor L domain; red: furin-like cysteine rich region; blue: growth factor receptor domain IV; yellow: protein tyrosine kinase. Fig. S2. Survival curves of pyrotinib treated HER2-mutated NSCLC patients according to baseline characteristics. (A, B) progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) according to the ECOG performance status. PS represents ECOG performance score. (C, D) PFS and OS of pyrotinib treated patients with or without brain metastasis. mPFS, median progression-free survival; mOS, median overall survival; HR, hazard ratio; 95%CI, 95% confidence interval. Fig. S3 Objective response rate in pre-specific subgroups. Fig. S4 Survival curves of NSCLC patients treated with pyrotinib according to previous treatment. (A, B) progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) according to the treatment lines of pyrotinib. (C, D) PFS and OS of patients according to the prior exposures to afatinib. mPFS, median progression-free survival; mOS, median overall survival; HR, hazard ratio; 95%CI, 95% confidence interval. Fig. S5 Survival curves of pyrotinib treated NSCLC patients with different HER2 mutation. mPFS, median progression-free survival; mOS, median overall survival; HR, hazard ratio; 95%CI, 95% confidence interval. Fig. S6 Survival curves of pyrotinib treated HER2-mutated NSCLC patients according to molecular characteristics. (A, B) progression-free survival and overall survival according to HER2 amplification. (C, D) PFS and OS of pyrotinib treated patients according to the occurrence of co-mutations in other driver genes. mPFS, median progression-free survival; mOS, median overall survival; HR, hazard ratio; 95%CI, 95% confidence interval. Fig. S7 Pyrotinib resistance in a patient with HER2 and EGFR amplification. CT scans were performed at baseline (2 weeks before starting pyrotinib), best response (2 months after starting pyrotinib) and disease progression (7 months after starting pyrotinib), respectively. Mm, millimeter.

Supplementary Material 3

A diastereo- and enantioselective propargylic substitution reaction between propargylic carbonates and α-substituted nitroacetates catalyzed by a Cu-pybox complex is described. This method allows the preparation of a series of non-proteinogenic quaternary α-amino acid precursors featuring two contiguous stereogenic centers and a terminal alkyne moiety in high yields with good to excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities in most cases. The propargylated adducts were elaborated into a diverse set of quaternary α-amino acid derivatives.

Aiming at the problem of many background interference factors in the traditional forest fire smoke monitoring video based on digital images, a detection method that can eliminate interference factors such as clouds and skylines and its specific implementation methods are proposed. The article first obtains the early forest fire smoke source detection video from close-range aerial photography of multi-rotor aircraft, and then uses the principle of multi-modal mixture Gaussian background model to establish a background model to extract the background of the early forest fire smoke video. The features of the image are high-frequency fusion, the fusion image is compared with the high-frequency energy value of the corresponding background image, if the high-frequency energy of the local area is reduced, it is determined as a suspected smoke area, and the largest connected area of suspected smoke is marked. Through the simulation experiment of the above method, the experimental results show that the method can accurately detect the smoke in the video frame image, the false detection rate is low, and the influence of related interference factors on the detection accuracy of the early forest fire smoke video image can be eliminated.

With AlphaGo defeats top human players, reinforcement learning(RL) algorithms have gradually become the code-base of building stronger artificial intelligence(AI). The RL algorithm design firstly needs to adapt to the specific environment, so the designed environment guides the rapid and profound development of RL algorithms. However, the existing environments, which can be divided into real world games and customized toy environments, have obvious shortcomings. For real world games, it is designed for human entertainment, and too much difficult for most of RL researchers. For customized toy environments, there is no widely accepted unified evaluation standard for all RL algorithms. Therefore, we introduce the first virtual user-friendly environment framework for RL. In this framework, the environment can be easily configured to realize all kinds of RL tasks in the mainstream research. Then all the mainstream state-of-the-art(SOTA) RL algorithms can be conveniently evaluated and compared. Therefore, our contributions mainly includes the following aspects: 1.single configured environment for all classification of SOTA RL algorithms; 2.combined environment of more than one classification RL algorithms; 3.the evaluation standard for all kinds of RL algorithms. With all these efforts, a possibility for breeding an AI with capability of general competency in a variety of tasks is provided, and maybe it will open up a new chapter for AI., Comment: 19 pages,16 figures

Additional file 1. The primers used in this study and the structure identification of X33 AMOP.

In response to the unsafe driving of taxi drivers during the epidemic, the design and implementation of the driver's face registration and detection of whether the driver wears a mask, detection of the driver's fatigue physiological signals and multiple integration are designed. Target detection algorithm based on MobileNetV2 to realize mask detection. Combine MTCNN and Face-Net organically to realize driver's face login. The cerebellar neural network model is used to fuse the 12 fatigue monitoring signals EMG, EEG, etc. extracted by the simulated driving experiment platform to obtain a multi-integrated fatigue monitoring control model. After the fatigue driving multiple physiological indicators of the simulated driving platform, the technical model is studied and verified. It is concluded that the multiple fusion fatigue monitoring control model has higher accuracy than the traditional single signal monitoring.

With the rapid development and popularization of computer network and multimedia technology, we are continuously exposed to photographs and images. Some images are easy to be remembered, but others are ignored or quickly forgotten. Previous studies have shown that image memorability is an intrinsic property of an image, which is used to measure the degree to which an image is later remembered or forgotten. Many works have shown that visual factors that influence the image memorability, such as highly memorable visual content, image depth information. Prior research has shown that image depth information has a positive relationship with its memorability score. Based on AMNet, this paper makes few improvements and utilizes depth cues to predict the image memorability scores. In this paper, the depth cues of the images are combined with the original image features to predict the final memorability score for the given image by utilizing the late fusion methodology. Experiments conducted on public image memorability datasets evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed model.

Background LncRNAs act as functional regulators in tumor progression through interacting with various signaling pathways in multiple types of cancer. However, the effect of LINC02418 on colorectal cancer (CRC) progression and the underling mechanisms remain unclear. Methods LncRNA expression profile in CRC tissues was investigated by the TCGA database. The expressional level of LINC02418 in CRC patients was determined by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Kaplan–Meier analyses was used to investigate the correlation between LINC02418 and overall survival (OS) of CRC patients. Cell proliferative, migratory and invasive abilities were detected by CCK-8 assays, colony formation assays and trans-well assays in HCT116 and LoVo cells which were stably transduced with sh-LINC02418 or sh-NC. The binding between LINC02418 and miR-34b-5p, and the interaction between miR-34b-5p and BCL2 were determined by dual-luciferase assays. Western blot experiments were conducted to further explore the effect of miR-34b-5p on BCL2 signaling pathway. Rescue experiments were performed to uncover the role of LINC02418/miR-34b-5p/BCL2 axis in CRC progression. Results LINC02418 was upregulated in human colon cancer samples when compared with adjacent tissue, and its high expressional level correlated with poor prognosis of CRC patients. LINC02418 promoted cancer progression by enhancing tumor growth, cell mobility and invasiveness of colon cancer cells. Additionally, LINC02418 could physically bind to miR-34b-5p and subsequently affect BCL2 signaling pathway. Down-regulation of LINC02418 reduced cell proliferation, while transfection of miR-34b-5p inhibitor or BCL2 into LINC02418-silenced CRC cells significantly promoted CRC cells growth. Conclusions LINC02418 was upregulated in human CRC samples and could be used as the indicator for prediction of prognosis. LINC02418 acted as a tumor driver by negatively regulating cell apoptosis through LINC02418/miR-34b-5p/BCL2 axis in CRC.

Nanoelectronic devices based on ferroelectric domain walls (DWs), such as memories, transistors, and rectifiers, have been demonstrated in recent years. Practical high-speed electronics, on the other hand, usually demand operation frequencies in the giga-Hertz (GHz) regime, where the effect of dipolar oscillation is important. In this work, an unexpected giant GHz conductivity on the order of 103 S/m is observed in certain BiFeO3 DWs, which is about 100,000 times greater than the carrier-induced dc conductivity of the same walls. Surprisingly, the nominal configuration of the DWs precludes the ac conduction under an excitation electric field perpendicular to the surface. Theoretical analysis shows that the inclined DWs are stressed asymmetrically near the film surface, whereas the vertical walls in a control sample are not. The resultant imbalanced polarization profile can then couple to the out-of-plane microwave fields and induce power dissipation, which is confirmed by the phase-field modeling. Since the contributions from mobile-carrier conduction and bound-charge oscillation to the ac conductivity are equivalent in a microwave circuit, the research on local structural dynamics may open a new avenue to implement DW nano-devices for RF applications.

Road marking is a special kind of symbol on the road surface, used to regulate the behavior of traffic participants. According to our survey, it seems that no papers has yet proposed a mature, highly practical method to detect and classify these important fine-grained markings. Deep learning techniques, especially deep neural networks, have proven to be effective in coping with a variety of computer vision tasks. Using deep neural networks to construct road marking detection systems is a practical solution.

Burning loss of graphene in the high-temperature plasma-spraying process is a critical issue, significantly limiting the remarkable performance improvement in graphene reinforced ceramic coatings. Here, we reported an effective approach to enhance the graphene retention, and thus improve the performance of plasma-sprayed alumina/graphene nanoplatelets (Al2O3/GNPs) coatings by heat treatment of agglomerated Al2O3/GNPs powders. The effect of powder heat treatment on the microstructure, GNPs retention, and electrical conductivity of Al2O3/GNPs coatings were systematically investigated. The results indicated that, with the increase in the powder heat treatment temperature, the plasma-sprayed Al2O3/GNPs coatings exhibited decreased porosity and improved adhesive strength. Thermogravimetric analysis and Raman spectra results indicated that increased GNPs retention from 12.9% to 28.4%, and further to 37.4%, as well as decreased structural defects, were obtained for the AG, AG850, and AG1280 coatings, respectively, which were fabricated by using AG powders without heat treatment, powders heat-treated at 850 °C, and powders heat-treated at 1280 °C. Moreover, the electrical conductivities of AG, AG850, and AG1280 coatings exhibited 3 orders, 4 orders, and 7 orders of magnitude higher than that of Al2O3 coating, respectively. Powder heat treatment is considered to increase the melting degree of agglomerated alumina particles, eventually leaving less thermal energy for GNPs to burn, thus, a high retention amount and structural integrity of GNPs and significantly enhanced electrical conductivity were achieved for the plasma-sprayed Al2O3/GNPs coatings.

Kinetics data for CO2 thermochemical reduction in an isothermal membrane reactor is required to identify the rate-limiting steps. Here, we report a detailed reaction kinetics study on this process supported by an La0.9Ca0.1FeO3-δ (LCF-91) membrane. The dependence of CO2 reduction rate on various operating conditions is examined such as CO2 concentration on the feed side, fuel concentrations on the sweep side and temperatures. CO2 reduction rate is proportional to the oxygen flux across the membrane, and the measured maximum fluxes are 0.191 and 0.164 μmol cm-2 s-1 with 9.5% H2 and 11.6% CO on the sweep side at 990oC, respectively. Fuel is used to maintain the chemical potential gradient across the membrane and CO is used by construction to derive the surface reaction kinetics. This membrane also exhibits stable performances for 106 hours. A resistance-network model is developed to describe the oxygen transport process and the kinetics data are parameterized using the experimental values. The model shows a transition of the rate limiting step between the surface reactions on the feed side and the sweep side depending on the operating conditions.

With the rapid expansion of the city in China, more and more old industrial buildings in cities become idle and abandoned. However, Old industrial buildings are carrying the history of a city and reflecting the urban development process so that renewal of the old industrial buildings has great value in the sense of cultural, aesthetic, ecological, economic, and sustainable development. How to reuse those buildings is worth studying. This paper, based on the principle of Adaptive Renewal and sustainable reuse, takes two typical successful cases to discuss how to reuse these old industrial buildings into culture ones in China.

Hydrogels have been widely utilized in various fields as a function of their tunable physical and biochemical properties. The unique physical properties of hydrogels, including their porosity and swelling capacity, make them favorable platforms for drug delivery. Although chitosan is the most popular natural polymer due to its biocompatibility, low toxicity, biodegradability, and other biofunctional activities, its potential commercial applications are constrained due to its poor solubility in water. Hydroxybutyl chitosan (HBCS) was synthesized in our study to improve its solubility. The HBCS hydrogel exhibited excellent thermo/pH sensitive sol-gel reversibility behavior from 4 °C to the gelation temperature. Additionally, the gelation time and temperature could be optimized by adjusting the HBCS concentration, gelation temperature, and pH value according to clinical requirements. The HBCS hydrogel had both favorable water-solubility and swellability when compared with unmodified chitosan. Moreover, the HBCS demonstrated lower hemolysis at a concentration of 1 mg/mL. The HBCS hydrogel was completely biodegraded after 8 weeks of muscle implantation and 7 weeks of subcutaneous implantation. These results demonstrated that the HBCS hydrogel with biodegradable thermo/pH sensitive sol-gel reversible properties had excellent cytocompatibility, histocompatibility, and biocompatibility as a drug carrier. As such, HBCS holds great promise for future biomedical applications.

In the management of capital assets owned by major enterprise, there exist some information disconnection including no information about equipment working conditions when bidding for them, no information about installation and debugging when the equipment was overhauled. Therefore, the paper proposes to establish a equipment management system based on BOM tree and RFID. Giving asset devices lifetime identity through RFID coding, which will be utilized throughout all procedures including planning and designing, bidding and procurement, construction building and so on. The paper develops some apps, such as engineering construction, warehouse management to realize data circulation throughout the equipment. Besides, with data analysis, the paper carries on equipment unit cost allocation and collection and supplier comprehensive evaluation, to guide equipment procurement and management, strengthen the whole process monitoring of asset operation status, improve the management level of asset lean management, and optimize the asset operation strategy of the company.

Chitosan (CS) has been reported to have utility for various potential applications in biomedicine, tissue engineering, and cosmetics, as well as in the formulation of antibacterial agents because it exhibits a variety of desirable attributes, including low-toxicity, biodegradability, excellent biocompatibility, and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. However, the full realization of CS's biomedical applications are practically constrained by its poor solubility. The goal of the present study is to prepare hydroxybutyl chitosan (HBCS) and investigate its impacts on immunocompetence, and its antibacterial activity. In the current study, HBCS was synthesized by modifying the hydroxybutyl group on the chitosan molecule using an etherification method. The physicochemical properties of the synthesized HBCS were characterized by various methods. Results showed that hydro-soluble HBCS exhibited excellent hygroscopicity and moisture retention. It was also found that HBCS exhibited notable cytocompatibility when cultured with mouse embryo fibroblasts. HBCS was able regulate immuno-functionality and promote immunocompetence by improving phagocytosis of macrophages and reinforcing lymphocyte activity in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, HBCS was also found to inhibit L-929 cell migration, indicating the impeded migration and metastasis behaviors of fibrosarcoma cells. Additionally, HBCS displayed favorable antimicrobial functionality against both Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria. This study demonstrated that HBCS could in turn lock moisture, can promote immunocompetence activity, can inhibit fibrosarcoma cell migration, and exhibits anti-bacterial functionality. Taken together, these results indicate that HBCS shows substantial promise for applications in cosmetics, biomedicine, and antibacterial therapies.

With the rapid development of the Internet, the images become the main medium of information dissemination, while the spread of pornographic images are getting more serious. Therefore, we propose a detection method of pornographic images based on a combination of global and local features. Considering the NPDI database's defective both in quality and quantity, so this paper constructs new database CUC_NSFW (Not Suitable for Work) applying data augmentation methods to improve the classification performance. Pornographic images with only exposed sensitive organs become the bottleneck of improving model recall ratio. We design a sensitive organs detection module, cascaded behind the residual network assisting the recognition of pornography images. And our method makes a good performance based on the research work of pornographic image detection

In this study, rice straw (RS) and pig manure (PM) mixtures with or without bio-pretreatment were used as the substrates and digested in a 9 L of anaerobic reactor at Organic loading rates (OLRs) of 0.4–3.1 kg COD/(m3 d). The volumetric methane production rate (VMPR), methane yield and anaerobic stability were comparatively investigated. The results showed the co-anaerobic digestion processes of RS and PM mixture after biological pretreatment were very stable at OLRs of 0.4–2.5 kg COD/(m3 d), and its optimal VMPR and methane yield could reach 0.64 L CH4/(L d) and 0.4557 L CH4/g CODremoved at OLR of 2.5 kg COD/(m3 d), which were 62.4% and 37.8% higher than those of the control under the same OLR condition. This study indicated the biological pretreatment with a cellulolytic microbial consortium own great potential in improving the methane yield and productivity of RS and PM wastes.

Chinese traditional visual culture symbols (CT-VCSs) is formed in the tradition and has the characteristic of Chinese unique ideological and cultural connotation. It is a visual cultural heritage of Chinese culture. So the research on CT-VCSs has important practical significance. In this paper, it is mainly about the recognition and classification of CT-VCSs based on machine learning. We make use of the advantages of both shallow learning and deep learning, and then we combine them together to achieve the purpose of recognition. In other words, we regard the traditional convolutional neural network as a feature extractor and extract the features of two full-connected layers as depth hierarchy features. At last, we take them into SVM with Histogram Intersection Kernel function for classification. Experimental results show that the recognition effect is very good.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the pro-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-17A in deep venous thrombosis (DVT) resolution. Materials and Methods: A total of 45 DVT patients, 30 primary deep venous insufficiencies (DVI) patients, and 18 healthy volunteers were divided into three groups: (a) Control group, (b) DVT group, and (c) DVI group. The venous blood samples of the lower extremity with DVT were collected to evaluate the expression of IL-17A in plasma. Samples of superficial venous thrombus and superficial vein without thrombosis were collected to evaluate the expression of IL-17A in tissue. Male C57/BL mice DVT model was established and was randomly divided into five groups: (1) Control group, no treatment or surgical intervention; (2) Sham group, no treatment and sham operation; (3) DVT group, each mouse intravenous (iv) injected with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS); (4) IL-17A group, each mouse was iv injected with IL-17A; and (5) IL-17A-neutralizing antibody (NA) group, each mouse was iv injected with IL17A NA. Inferior vena cava (IVC) with thrombi were collected to measure their length and weight and analysis CD31(+) endothelial cells in thrombus of internal cerebral vein. Results: Western blot suggested that the expression of IL-17A in superficial vein with thrombosis was higher than superficial vein without thrombosis from human samples (P

Nowadays, the problem of mobile digital copyright protection becomes more and more serious, the number of mobile client and small-sized system is growing. In such a situation, this paper proposed an authentication and authorization solution which based on Kerberos for tens of thousands users. This paper introduced every links of permission describe method and authentication protocol which composed the solution, and discusses the security of protocol for the man-in-the-middle attack, replay attack and password guessing attack, and analysis performance of the solution. This paper proved that the solution guarantee high safety performance on the base of lightweight.

Object detection is one of the most foundational tasks in computer vision, state-of-the-art object detection networks depend on region proposal algorithms to hypothesize object locations. Although advances like SPPnet, RCNN and Fast R-CNN have improved a lot which is widely used in the fields of object detection, exposing region proposal computation and time consuming as bottleneck. Faster-RCNN born precisely to solve this problem, is an improvement on the original R-CNN designed to speed up the detection network. So we apply the Faster R-CNN to train a detector to rank a pool of proposals for faster evaluation which have reduced the running time of the detection network and performed better.

Globalization is a historic chance for China development. Moreover, Chinese traditional Visual Cultural Symbols (VCS) is a great tag of China. Image is a carrier of VCS. With the help of machine learning, we can recognize these VCS among numerous images very well. In this paper we propose combining with several features such as SIFT, HOG, RGB, LBP to describe an image and coding these features into higher dimensional vectors. Next, the coded vectors are pooled together. Besides, we also make full use of Bag-of-Words (BOW) and Spatial Pyramid Matching (SPM) theory in order to obtain a more ideal recognition. Experiments show that it's really a feasible approach.

Chinese Traditional Visual Cultural Symbols(CT-VCSs) is the important component of Chinese ancient civilization, and it is the crystallization of Chinese culture with a history of several thousand years. So it has great significance to research CT-VCSs. In this paper, we mainly research the recognition and classification of CT-VCSs based on Convolutional neural network(CNN). We mainly use Caffenet and Alexnet in the Caffe framework, and fine-tune the existed Caffe models. Meanwhile, we also use GPU to speed up the process of training. Experimental results indicate that using CNN poses remarkable enhancement on the recognition task of CT-VCSs, and the recognition result of using Alexnet is the best.

The technology of computer vision is used in the training of military shooting. In order to overcome the limitation of the bullet holes recognition using Video Image Analysis that exists over-detection or leak-detection, this paper adopts the support vector machine algorithm and convolutional neural network to extract and recognize Bullet Holes in the digital video and compares their performance. It extracts HOG characteristics of bullet holes and train SVM classifier quickly, though the target is under outdoor environment. Experiments show that support vector machine algorithm used in this paper realize a fast and efficient extraction and recognition of bullet holes, improving the efficiency of shooting training.

A series of pathological, physiological, and biochemical changes, even anatomical histological changes happen while humans arrive at the high plateau region from plain area. There is a certain relationship between the body’s compensatory or decompensated adjustments to the environment and the changes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs. The objective of the study is to observe the effects of acute exposure to high altitude at 4,010 m on pharmacokinetics of propranolol in rats, and to provide basis and new ideas to adjust drug dosage and administration, so as to promote rational drug use in high altitude. 28 healthy male wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups, group A and B which were in plain area; group C and D which were acutely exposed to high altitude by aviation; group A and C were used for pharmacokinetics determination of propranolol, while group B and D had no drug administration for physiological and pathological changes research at high altitude. The pharmacokinetics of propranolol significantly changed; area under curve, C max (the peak concentration), mean residence time, and t 1/2 (the biological half-life) increased significantly by 481.72, 398.94, 44.87, and 58.77 %, respectively; clearance and V (apparent volume of distribution) decreased by 81.50 and 70.56 %, respectively, after acute exposure to high altitude at 4,010 m; Analytic results show that pH, buffer base, base excess, ctCO2 (content of total carbon dioxide), sO2 (oxygen saturation of arterial blood), pO2 (oxygen tension of arterial blood), and cNa+ severely decreased by 2.43, 630.00, 311.00, 11.48, 91.38, 76.22, and 2.82 %, respectively, while pCO2 (carbon dioxide tension of arterial blood) and cCl− significantly increased by 47.40 and 6.76 %. Lactate dehydrogenase and total protein significantly decreased by 58.44 and 26.82 %, while total bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase severely increased by 338 and 24.94 % after acute exposure to high altitude at 4,010 m. Pathological research shows that alveolar wall is hyperemic, edematous, and incrassate; alveolus epithelium becomes hyperplastic while neutrophilic granulocytes infiltrate; brain neurons are edematous and perivascular space occurred; neurons of seahorse are metamorphic and karyopyknotic; mesangial cells are hyperplastic in kidney glomerulus tissue. We should reduce the dosage or extend the dosing interval in high altitude to maintain the drug concentration in therapeutic window since velocity of metabolism and excretion are reduced.

Skin detection is widely used in many domains such as face detection and tracking as well as sensitive image detection. In this paper, RGB, YCbCr and HSV color spaces are used to conduct experimental comparison of skin color detection. The skin color detection based on HSV color space characteristic is very capable of making a distinction between the skin point and non-skin points in the picture. Moreover, this paper proposes a texture-based skin detection technique. It takes advantage of gray statistics to extract texture features and implements skin color detection combining with HSV color space. Experimental data shows that this texture detection algorithm based on gray statistics is effective for skin detection, which improves results of the skin detection to some degree.

This paper presented X-ray of correction of testing image model based on digital image processing technique. Deformation algorithm and bilinear polynomial interpolation were applied to the distortion correction of testing image then make the corrected image smooth with combining median filter method. The experimental results have shown that this algorithm is simple, effective and able to show testing image clearly and accurately, laid a foundation for defect detection and identification following up.

In this paper, the structural feature and forming technology of two automobile engine covers are analyzed. The mould structure with two cavities is designed and the working process of the injection mould is discussed. The mould structure is complicated. Ten core-pulling mechanisms are designed reasonably in one mould and demoulding of the plastic parts is realized. Many inserts and standard parts are used in the injection mould, so the economical efficiency of the injection mould is well and the injection mould can be maintained conveniently. The injection mould is already in mass production. Industrial practice proves that the action of the core-pulling mechanisms, ejector mechanisms and resetting mechanisms is stable and reliable. The plastic parts produced can meet the customers' technical requirements.

This paper describes an integrated intelligent automatic inquiry and management community system for dwelling houses. The system is a host driven, multi-level network system consisting of AT89C51, HT9200A and MSM7512B, with built-in flexibility and expandability, for acquiring and transmitting data. The system can send two different kinds of information. The first kind of information comes from family gateways, including data shown on the eight meters, alarm email and urgency. The second kind comes from the system platform, including control information and notes (such as broadcasting). Through sending these two types of information, the system can function as remote meter reading, urgent alarm, urgency help, note service and remote control for each family. The success of this system is very helpful for speeding up modern automatic management.

In this paper we explore a new method for constructing phase space from time series of heart beats for using the nonlinear model of chaotic time series to analyze HRV signal. We explore whether it is unreasonable to directly reconstruct the phase space from the RR intervals. A new method is proposed to reconstruct the phase space from a derived time series using filtered delay coordinate map. The method is applied to clinical cases.

Aqueous zinc metal batteries with mild acidic electrolytes are considered promising candidates for large-scale energy storage. However, the Zn anode suffers from severe Zn dendrite growth and side reactions due to the unstable interfacial pH and the absence of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) protective layer. Herein, a novel and simple mixed electrolyte strategy is proposed to address these problems. The mixed electrolytes of 2 M ZnSO4 and 2 M Zn (CF3SO3)(2) can efficiently buffer the interfacial pH and induce the in situ formation of the organic-inorganic SEI layer, which eliminates dendrite growth and prevents side reactions. As a result, Zn anodes in mixed electrolyte exhibit a lifespan enhancement over 400 times, endure stable cycling over 270 h at a high DOD of 62% and achieve high Zn plating/stripping reversibility with an average CE of 99.5% for 1000 cycles at 1 mA cm(-2). The findings pave the way for developing practical electrolyte systems for Zn batteries.

Hydrogen production from water thermolysis can be enhanced by the use of perovskite-type mixed ionic and electronic conducting (MIEC) membranes, through which oxygen permeation is driven by a chemical potential gradient. In this work, water thermolysis experiments were performed using 0.9 mm thick La[subscript 0.9]Ca[subscript 0.1]FeO[subscript 3−δ] (LCF-91) perovskite membranes at 990 °C in a lab-scale button-cell reactor. We examined the effects of the operating conditions such as the gas species concentrations and flow rates on the feed and sweep sides on the water thermolysis rate and oxygen flux. A single step reaction mechanism is proposed for surface reactions, and three-resistance permeation models are derived. Results show that water thermolysis is facilitated by the LCF-91 membrane especially when a fuel is added to the sweep gas. Increasing the gas flow rate and water concentration on the feed side or the hydrogen concentration on the sweep side enhances the hydrogen production rate. In this work, hydrogen is used as the fuel by construction, so that a single-step surface reaction mechanism can be developed and water thermolysis rate parameters can be derived. Both surface reaction rate parameters for oxygen incorporation/dissociation and hydrogen–oxygen reactions are fitted at 990 °C. We compare the oxygen fluxes in water thermolysis and air separation experiments, and identify different limiting steps in the processes involving various oxygen sources and sweep gases for this 0.9 mm thick LCF-91 membrane. In the air feed-inert sweep case, the bulk diffusion and sweep side surface reaction are the two limiting steps. In the water feed-inert sweep case, surface reaction on the feed side dominates the oxygen permeation process. Yet in the water feed-fuel sweep case, surface reactions on both the feed and sweep sides are rate determining when hydrogen concentration in the sweep side is in the range of 1–5 vol%. Furthermore, long term studies show that the surface morphology changes and silica impurities have little impact on the oxygen flux for either water thermolysis or air separation., Shell Oil Company, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology