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We present a case series of intra-operative adverse events while using a specific type of bronchial blocker, designed to facilitate device positioning and minimise the risk of dislocation. The Rusch (R) EZ-blocker (TM) (Teleflex Life Sciences Ltd., Athlone, Ireland) is a Y-shaped catheter equipped with two separately inflatable cuffs at the tip - one for each bronchial lumen. In this report, we describe four cases where the use of the EZ-blocker was associated with the development of high airway pressures, hypoxaemia and expansion of the non-dependent lung. Bronchoscopic evaluation showed spontaneous inflation of the cuff within the dependent (i.e. ventilated) bronchus, causing bronchial obstruction, and volume loss of the cuff within the non-dependent (i.e. unventilated) bronchus, causing unintended expansion of the non-dependent lung. After removal of the bronchial blocker, the catheter showed no visible defect, but a bench test revealed a functional connection inside the catheter which allowed air to pass slowly from one bronchial cuff to the other. This technical defect relates to the unique design of the EZ-blocker as it is the only bronchial blocker equipped with two bronchial cuffs. Clinicians should be aware of this inherent risk since complications may develop insidiously and affect both lungs simultaneously. Early recognition and prompt intervention can prevent life-threatening intra-operative deterioration.

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Internet search engines function in a present which changes continuously. The search engines update their indices regularly, overwriting webpages with newer ones, adding new pages to the index and losing older ones. Some search engines can be used to search for information on the internet for specific periods of time. However, these `date stamps` are not determined by the first occurrence of the pages in the web, but by the last date at which a page was updated or a new page was added and the search engine`s crawler updated this change in the database. This has major implications for the use of search engines in scholarly research as well as theoretical implications for the conceptions of time and temporality. This article examines the interplay between the different updating frequencies by using AltaVista and Google for searches at different moments of time. Both the retrieval of results and the structure of retrieved information erodes over time.

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In this study, the academic status of users of scientific publications in Mendeley is explored in order to analyse the usage pattern of Mendeley users in terms of subject fields, citation and readership impact. The main focus of this study is on studying the filtering capacity of Mendeley readership counts compared to journal citation scores in detecting highly cited WoS publications. Main finding suggests a faster reception of Mendeley readerships as compared to citations across 5 major field of science. The higher correlations of scientific users with citations indicate the similarity between reading and citation behaviour among these users. It is confirmed that Mendeley readership counts filter highly cited publications (PPtop 10%) better than journal citation scores in all subject fields and by most of user types. This result reinforces the potential role that Mendeley readerships could play for informing scientific and alternative impacts., Comment: This paper presented at the 15th International Conference on Scientometrics and Informetrics (ISSI), 29 Jun-4 July, 2015, Bogazici University, Istanbul (Turkey)

The haemodynamic effects of urapidil, an alpha 1-antagonist with central serotoninergic properties, were studied in an experimental canine model of chronic ischaemic heart disease. Global and regional haemodynamic recordings were made in conscious dogs with ameroid-induced single vessel coronary artery occlusion. Three intravenous bolus-infusion doses of urapidil (0.1 mg kg-1 + 0.3 mg min-1; 0.5 mg kg-1 + 1.5 mg min-1; 2.5 mg kg-1 + 7.5 mg min-1) were given on separate occasions in 12 animals. Regional blood flows were measured with radioactively labelled tracer microspheres. The effects of urapidil and dipyridamole, a powerful arteriolar vasodilator, on regional myocardial blood flow distribution to normal and collateral-dependent myocardium were compared. Urapidil caused a dose-dependent reduction of arterial blood pressure. There was moderate tachycardia and decreased left atrial filling pressures at the higher doses. Urapidil was a much weaker coronary vasodilator than dipyridamole. Dipyridamole caused maldistribution of intercoronary and transmural flows (endo-to-epicardial flow ratio in collateral-dependent regions from 1.35 +/- 0.07 to 0.7 +/- 0.13 and flow ratio between collateral-dependent and normal regions from 1.09 +/- 0.03 to 0.57 +/- 0.14). Urapidil preserved blood flow to both regions. Urapidil did not affect systolic wall thickening fraction in normal or ischaemic regions of the heart. Renal (+16%) and splanchnic perfusion (+45%) increased during urapidil infusion. Urapidil preserves myocardial function and perfusion and increases renal and intestinal blood flow in dogs with chronically ischaemic hearts.

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Dutch distribution system operators realize that the low voltage grid is becoming increasingly relevant due to modern developments such as charging of electric cars and photo-voltaic cells on domestic rooftops. To get a better grip on the quality of their low voltage grids, a better understanding of degradation mechanisms influencing the quality of this grid is aimed for. One of the mechanisms contributing to premature failure of power cables is AC induced corrosion of their aluminum conductors. An experimental setup was realized and used to study the effect of the environmental parameters on the corrosion process. In particular, water conductivity and sensitivity to temperature were investigated. Different regimes for different ranges of conductivities were identified. An exponential relationship was found within one of the regimes and although the total charge transfer during the experiments varied widely, the total charge transfer during the positive cycles of the alternating current remained nearly constant.

Journalism, both as a profession and as a practice, is changing rapidly. Technologies inside the newsroom are mutating, and journalistic practices, norms, and values are being reshaped with them. Drawing on seven months of ethnographic fieldwork in Chile, including participant observation, I argue that the introduction of certain digital technologies has transformed journalists’ ability to negotiate editorial values. Media professionals are increasingly feeling trapped into routines established by third-party platforms. The conclusions suggest that the way newsrooms approach new digital technologies have created a lack of harmony in the way journalists are expected to work, the topics they are expected to cover, and the journalistic values they hold true.

International audience; Pediatric cardiac anesthesia is a subspecialty of cardiac and pediatric anesthesiology dedicated to the perioperative care of patients with congenital heart disease. Members of the Congenital and Education Subcommittees of the European Association of Cardiothoracic Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care (EACTAIC) agreed on the necessity to develop an EACTAIC pediatric cardiac anesthesia fellowship curriculum. This manuscript represents a consensus on the composition and the design of the EACTAIC Pediatric Cardiac Anesthesia Fellowship program. This curriculum provides a basis for the training of future pediatric cardiac anesthesiologists by clearly defining the theoretical and practical requirements for fellows and host centers.