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Background: Currently, a large variety of classifications is used for periodontitis as a risk factor for other diseases. None of these classifications quantifies the amount of inflamed periodontal tissue, while this information is needed to assess the inflammatory burden posed by periodontitis. Aim: To develop a classification of periodontitis that quantifies the amount of inflamed periodontal tissue, which can be easily and broadly applied.Material and Methods: A literature search was conducted to look for a classification of periodontitis that quantified the amount of inflamed periodontal tissue. A classification that quantified the root surface area affected by attachment loss was found. This classification did not quantify the surface area of inflamed periodontal tissue, however. Therefore, an Excel spreadsheet was developed in which the periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) is calculated using clinical Attachment Level (CAL), recessions and bleeding on probing (BOP).Results: The PISA reflects the surface area of bleeding pocket epithelium in square millimetres. The surface area of bleeding pocket epithelium quantifies the amount of inflamed periodontal tissue. A freely downloadable spreadsheet is available to calculate the PISA.Conclusion: PISA quantifies the inflammatory burden posed by periodontitis and can be easily and broadly applied.

Autoimmunity to citrullinated proteins is very specific for rheumatoid arthritis and is considered to be of pathogenic significance. Porphyromonas gingivalis, a major pathogen in gum disease (periodontitis), is hypothesized to play a role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis by its unique ability to citrullinate endogenous and host proteins. The immune system in patients with a periodontal infection with Porphyromonas gingivalis is exposed to citrullinated antigens that might become systemic immunogens, eventually leading to rheumatoid arthritis.

De gedachte dat er een relatie bestaat tussen de mondgezondheid en de algemene gezondheid is al eeuwen oud. De afgelopen jaren is in onderzoek aangetoond dat er daadwerkelijk een mogelijke relatie bestaat tussen parodontitis en bepaalde systemische aandoeningen, zoals hart- en vaatziekten, diabetes mellitus en reumatoide artritis.

Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) in Indonesia is high and still rising. Periodontitis is associated with DM2. No study has investigated this association in Indonesia, nor has any study investigated this association using a variety of methods to operationalize periodontitis. The present study compares prevalence and severity of periodontitis in patients with DM2 to healthy controls, using different methods to operationalize periodontitis.Methods: A total of 78 subjects with DM2 and 65 healthy control subjects underwent a full-mouth periodontal screening assessing probing depth, gingival recession, plaque index, and bleeding on probing. Using these measurements, the prevalence and severity of periodontitis was operationalized in various ways. Differences in the prevalence and severity of periodontitis between subjects with DM2 and healthy subjects were analyzed using univariate analyses. In regression analyses, the prevalence and severity of periodontitis were predicted on the basis of DM2 presence, controlling for confounders and effect modification.Results: Prevalence of periodontitis was significantly higher in subjects with DM2 compared to healthy subjects, showing odds ratios of 5.0 and 6.1. Likewise, periodontitis severity was significantly higher in subjects with DM2.Conclusion: Indonesian subjects with DM2 had more prevalent and more severe periodontitis than healthy Indonesian subjects, independent of confounding factors or the methods used to operationalize periodontitis. J Periodontol 2011; 82:550-557.