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1. Baseline brain function in the preadolescents of the ABCD Study

Author

Chaarani, B, Hahn, S, Allgaier, N, Adise, S, Owens, MM, Juliano, AC, Yuan, DK, Loso, H, Ivanciu, A, Albaugh, MD, Dumas, J, Mackey, S, Laurent, J, Ivanova, M, Hagler, DJ, Cornejo, MD, Hatton, S, Agrawal, A, Aguinaldo, L, Ahonen, L, Aklin, W, Anokhin, AP, Arroyo, J, Avenevoli, S, Babcock, D, Bagot, K, Baker, FC, Banich, MT, Barch, DM, Bartsch, H, Baskin-Sommers, A, Bjork, JM, Blachman-Demner, D, Bloch, M, Bogdan, R, Bookheimer, SY, Breslin, F, Brown, S, Calabro, FJ, Calhoun, V, Casey, BJ, Chang, L, Clark, DB, Cloak, C, Constable, RT, Constable, K, Corley, R, Cottler, LB, Coxe, S, Dagher, RK, Dale, AM, Dapretto, M, Delcarmen-Wiggins, R, Dick, AS, Do, EK, Dosenbach, NUF, Dowling, GJ, Edwards, S, Ernst, TM, Fair, DA, Fan, CC, Feczko, E, Feldstein-Ewing, SW, Florsheim, P, Foxe, JJ, Freedman, EG, Friedman, NP, Friedman-Hill, S, Fuemmeler, BF, Galvan, A, Gee, DG, Giedd, J, Glantz, M, Glaser, P, Godino, J, Gonzalez, M, Gonzalez, R, Grant, S, Gray, KM, Haist, F, Harms, MP, Hawes, S, Heath, AC, Heeringa, S, Heitzeg, MM, Hermosillo, R, Herting, MM, Hettema, JM, Hewitt, JK, Heyser, C, Hoffman, E, Howlett, K, Huber, RS, Huestis, MA, Hyde, LW, Iacono, WG, Infante, MA, Irfanoglu, O, Isaiah, A, and Iyengar, S

Subjects
Male, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Adolescent, 1.2 Psychological and socioeconomic processes, Neurosciences, ABCD Consortium, Brain, Adolescent Development, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Substance Misuse, Mental Health, Reference Values, Clinical Research, Underpinning research, Behavioral and Social Science, Neurological, Humans, Psychology, Female, Cognitive Sciences, Child, Drug Abuse (NIDA only), Mind and Body
Abstract

The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study® is a 10-year longitudinal study of children recruited at ages 9 and 10. A battery of neuroimaging tasks are administered biennially to track neurodevelopment and identify individual differences in brain function. This study reports activation patterns from functional MRI (fMRI) tasks completed at baseline, which were designed to measure cognitive impulse control with a stop signal task (SST; N = 5,547), reward anticipation and receipt with a monetary incentive delay (MID) task (N = 6,657) and working memory and emotion reactivity with an emotional N-back (EN-back) task (N = 6,009). Further, we report the spatial reproducibility of activation patterns by assessing between-group vertex/voxelwise correlations of blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) activation. Analyses reveal robust brain activations that are consistent with the published literature, vary across fMRI tasks/contrasts and slightly correlate with individual behavioral performance on the tasks. These results establish the preadolescent brain function baseline, guide interpretation of cross-sectional analyses and will enable the investigation of longitudinal changes during adolescent development.

Published
2021

2. A feasibility study for a survey of migrants

Author

Smith, P, Cleary, A, Jones, M, Johnston, S, Bremner, P, Brown, JJ, and Wiggins, R

Abstract

Overview. The Analysis, Reserach and knowledge management Directorate (ARK) in the UK Border Agency commissioned Ipsos MORI and the Institute of Education to undertake a feasibility study for a large-scale face-to-face survey of migrants in the UK. The purpose of the feasibility study was to inform the design of a survey of migrants, looking at how to design and interview statistically robust sample and the appropriate questions to adopt such a survey. The feasibility study involved: 1. workshops with the UK Border Agency and other stakeholders to identify survey requirements; 2. the development of a definition of 'migrant' for use in the survey 3. the development of a sample design; 4. testing fieldwork recruitment and data collection methods to be used; and 5. the development of a questionnaire, including cognitive testing in several languages This report focuses on the sampling and field methods aspects of the feasibility study. A separate technical report provides details on other issues, including question development. To inform the development of the survey methodology and the survey questionnaire discussion groups and depth interviews were undertaken with representatives of economic migrant communities and individuals working with refugees and asylum seekers in England and Scotland. Key issues surrounding survey objectives, terminology, and field methods were identified. A useable survey population definition was developed after stakeholder consultaion such that, for the purpose of this study: 'A migrant is defined as someone who arrived in the UK in 1990 or later, who was a non-UK national on entry, whose usual place of residence prior to entry was not in the UK, and who has lived in the country for at least three months (one month if an asylum seeker or refugee).' It was concluded that different types of migrants will require different sampling and screening methods. Asylum sekers could be sampled directly from administrative records but other migrant types would have to be screened in the field. Small area estimation methods were successfully used to identify areas in which migrants are more heavily concentrated in order to inform the sample design. A number of field screening methods were investigated and field tested. Despite testing some innovative methods, traditional screening methods were found to still have an important role to play. It was concluded that non-asylum-seeker migrants should be screened through a combination of traditional screening methods for areas of higher migrant concentration and an adapted form of the Waksberg method (a two-stage method originally developed to minimise the number of calls made to ineligible numbers in telephone surveys) for areas of lower migrant concentration. An overall approach to a sample design was outlined and illustrative designs were presented applicable potentially to 6,000 interviews in England and 3,000 in Scotland. It was concluded that the survey should aim for 80 per cent coverage of the migrant population and that fieldwork effort should be disproportionately concentrated in areas of higher migrant concentration. The overall conclusion from the work was that a high quality survey of migrants would be feasible although a detailed design would need to take into consideration the level of funding available and how competing design requiremenets should be prioritised. In carrying out any such survey a large-scale dress rehearsal survey should be conducted before resources are fully committed in order to confirm the assumptions underlying the sample design and to field test the questionnaire and field translation/interpreting procedures.

Published
2011

3. Demonstration by iodine-131-hippurate renography of a marked sensitivity of some transplanted kidneys to volume contraction

Author

Shapiro B, Jm, Gonin, Tuscan M, Wiggins R, Da, Campbell, and Jack Juni

Subjects
Iodine Radioisotopes, Male, Dogs, Dehydration, Animals, Female, Iodohippuric Acid, Water-Electrolyte Balance, Kidney, Kidney Transplantation, Radioisotope Renography
Abstract

Incidental observations made in a canine renal transplant model in which both native and transplanted kidneys were present revealed that abnormal I-131-iodohippurate renograms were derived from some of the transplanted kidneys in the presence of mild dehydration. In these cases, the renogram normalized with fluid administration. In contrast, the renograms derived from the native kidneys were unaffected by the mild dehydration of the animals. These findings demonstrate a greater sensitivity to dehydration of some transplanted kidneys when compared to normal kidneys.

Published
1989

5. Revised guidelines for control of MRSA in hospitals: Finding the most useful point [2]

Author

Rahman, M., Sanderson, P. J., Bentley, A. H., Barrett, S. P., Karim, Q. N., Teare, E. L., Chaudhuri, A., Alcock, S. R., Corcoran, G. D., Azadian, B., Dance, D. A. B., Gaunt, P. N., Cunningham, R., Farhan Ahmad, Garvey, R. J., Hayek, L. J. H. E., Chattopadhyay, B., Wiggins, R. J., Sheppard, M., Barkham, T., Wright, E. P., Rimmer, D. M., Moulsdale, M., and Falkiner, F.

6. The history of anemia and related nutritional deficiencies in Europe: evidence from cribra orbitalia and porotic hyperostosis

Author

Papathanasiou, A., Walker, P. L., Steckel, R. H., Larsen, C. S., Blondiaux, J., Grupe, G., Jankauskas, R., Maat, G., Mcglynn, G., Roberts, C., Teschler-Nicola, M., Wittwer-Backofen, U., Agnew, A., Assis, S., Bereczki, Z., Bertrand, B., Betsinger, T. K., Binder, M., Boulter, S., Bourbou, C., Boylston, A., Brickley, M., Buerli, L., Cooper, C., Coppa, A., Coughlan, J., Drozd, A., During, E., Eliopoulos, C., Eng, J., Engel, F., Fox, S., Furtado, M., Guntis, G., Groves, S., Harkins, K., Holck, P., Holst, M., Hotz, G., Ives, R., Jakob, T., Jennings, J., Justus, H., Kaminska, K., Kjellstrom, A., Knuesel, C. J., Kozlowski, T., Lagia, A., Lopes, C., Manolis, S., Marcsik, A., Marques, C., Moenke, C., Niel, C., Novak, S. A., Novotny, F., Peck, J., Potiekhina, I., Rega, B., Richman, R., Rijpma, F., Rose, J., Ruiz, J., Sannen, P., Sciulli, P., Smith, M., Andrei Dorian Soficaru, Span-Nagl, M., Storm, R., Stroud, G., Subira, E., Swales, D., Tritsaroli, V., Tyler, E., Ulrich-Bochsler, S., Vatteoni, S., Villar, V., Wiggins, R., and Williams, L. L.

9. Circulating adhesion molecules and inflammatory mediators in demyelination: A review

Author

Hartung, H. -P, Archelos, J. J., Zielasek, J., Gold, R., Koltzenburg, M., Reiners, K. -H, Toyka, K. V., Raine, C. S., Hafler, D. A., Weiner, H. L., Chang, J., Utz, U., Mcfarland, H. F., Thomas, P. K., Hartung, H. P., Pollard, J. D., Harvey, G. K., Taylor, W. A., Hughes, R. A. C., Reiners, K., Schmidt, B., Khalili-Shirazi, A., Brostoff, S. W., Burns, J., Krasner, L. J., Rostami, A., Pleasure, D., Pette, M., Gengaroli, C., Linington, C., Brosnan, C. F., Claudio, R. A., Martiney, J. A., Sobel, R. A., Mitchell, M. E., Fondren, G., Hickey, W. F., Shingu, M., Hashimoto, M., Ezaki, I., Nobunaga, M., Springer, T. A., Bevilacqua, M. P., Nelson, R. M., Hynes, R. O., Picker, J., Gearing, A. J. H., Newman, W., Pigott, R., Dillon, L. P., Hemingway, I. H., Brustein, M., Kraal, G., Mebius, R. E., Watson, S. R., Schleiffenbaum, B., Spertini, O., Tedder, T. F., Leeuwenberg, J. F. M., Smeets, E. F., Neefjes, J. J., Seth, R., Raymond, F. D., Makgoba, M. W., Rothlein, R., Manolfi, E. A., Czaikowski, M., Martin, D. S., Tsukada, N., Miyaagi, K., Matsuda, M., Michels, M., Jander, S., Heidenreich, F., Stoll, G., Sharief, M. K., Noori, M. A., Ciardi, M., Rieckmann, P., Weichselbraun, I., Albrecht, M., Mccarron, R. M., Wang, L., Racke, M. K., Jemison, L. M., Williams, S. K., Lublin, F. D., Kim, K. S., Wass, C. A., Cross, A. S., Opal, S. M., Wilcox, C. E., Ward, A. M., Evans, A., Frohman, E. M., Frohman, T. C., Dustin, M. L., Wong, D., Dorovini-Zis, K., Fabry, Z., Waldschmidt, M. M., Hendrickson, D., Satoh, J., Kim, S. U., Kastrukoff, L. F., Takei, F., Whitaker, J. N., Herman, P. K., Sparacio, S. M., Cannella, B., Cross, A. H., Dopp, J. M., Breneman, S. M., Olschowska, J. A., Lindsey, J. W., Steinman, L., Steffen, B. J., Butcher, E. C., Engelhardt, B., Osborn, L., Hession, C., Tizard, R., Baron, J. L., Madri, J. A., Ruddle, N. H., Kuchroo, V. K., Martin, C. A., Greer, J. M., Tanaka, M., Satom, A., Makino, M., Tabira, T., Yednock, T. A., Cannon, C., Fritz Zimprich, Jung, S., Maurer, M., Willenborg, D. O., Simmons, R. D., Tamatani, T., Miyasaka, M., Seventer, G. A., Shimizu, Y., Damle, N. K., Aruffo, A., Dang, L. H., Michalek, M. T., Dougherty, G. J., Murdock, S., Hogg, N., Landis, R. C., Oka, N., Akiguchi, I., Kawasaki, T., Staunton, D. E., Ockenhouse, C. F., Ellison, M. D., Merchant, R. E., Selmaj, K., Zeman, A., Mclean, B., Thompson, E. J., Powell, M. B., Mitchell, D., Lederman, J., Hershkoviz, R., Mor, F., Gilat, D., Kuroda, Y., Shimamoto, Y., Bergman, C. M., Mcgrath, K. M., Chung, I. Y., Norris, J. G., Benveniste, E. N., Hofmann, F. M., Hinton, D. R., Johnson, K., Merrill, J. E., Strom, S. R., Ellison, G. W., Myers, L. W., Rudick, R. A., Ransohoff, R. M., Hentges, R., Trotter, J. L., Collins, K. G., Veen, R. C., Hauser, S. L., Doolittle, T. H., Lincoln, R., Beck, J., Rondot, P., Catinot, L., Chofflon, M., Juillard, C., Juillard, P., Kitze, B., Tracey, K. J., Cerami, A., Miyagi, K., Yanagisawa, N., Selmaj, K. W., Farooq, M., Norton, W. T., Fierz, W., Endler, B., Reske, K., Sun, D., Schafer, B., Meide, P. H., Strigard, K., Holmdahl, R., Meide, P., Tsai, C. P., Armati, P. J., Billiau, A., Duong, T. T., St Louis, J., Gilbert, J. J., Voorthuis, J. A. C., Uitdehaag, B. M. J., Groot, C. J. A., Steiniger, B., Vass, K., Lassmann, H., Vethna, M., Lampson, L. A., Karpus, W. J., Swanborg, R. H., Renno, T., Lin, J. Y., Piccirillo, C., Olsson, T., Wang, W. -Z, Hojeberg, B., Voskuhl, R. R., Martin, R., Bergman, C., Link, J., Soderstrom, M., Colton, C. A., Gilbert, D. L., Sonderer, B., Wild, P., Wyler, R., Nathan, C. F., Heininger, K., Stevens, A., Lang, R., Schabet, M., Bowern, N. A., Danta, G., Doherty, P. D., Griot, C., Burge, T., Vandervelde, M., Peterhans, E., Chia, L. S., Thompson, J. E., Moscarello, M. A., Konat, G. W., Wiggins, R. C., Offner, H., Richard, A., Kolb, H., Kolb-Bachofen, V., Tausch, M., Simmons, M. L., Murphy, S., Macmickin, J. D., Weidenmann, M. J., Koprowski, H., Zheng, Y. M., Heber-Katz, E., Bo, L., Dawson, T. M., Wesselingh, S., Misko, T. P., Lin, R. F., Ignarro, L. J., Sherman, M. P., Levi-Strauss, M., Mallat, M., Compston, D. A., Morgan, B. P., Campbell, A. K., Scolding, N., Noble, M., Koski, C. L., Oleesky, D., Sanders, M. E., Swoveland, P. T., Robbins, D., Schwenke, C., Bitter-Suermann, D., Griffin, J. W., Li, C. Y., Feasby, T. E., Hahn, A. F., Neilson, M., Scolding, N. J., Sawant-Mane, S., Clark, M. B., Piddlesden, S., Zimprich, F., Shin, N. L., and Carney, D. F.

10. Control of MRSA [2]

Author

Rahman, M., Sanderson, P. J., Bentley, A. H., Barrett, S. P., Karim, Q. N., Teare, E. L., Chaudhuri, A., Alcock, S. R., Corcoran, G. D., Azadian, B., Dance, D. A. B., Gaunt, P. N., Cunningham, R., Farhan Ahmad, Garvey, R. J., Chattopadhyay, B., Wiggins, R. J., Sheppard, M., Wright, E. P., Moulsdale, M., and Falkiner, F.

11. Periosteal appositions: a non-specific index of the history of health in Europe

Author

Marques, C., Blondiaux, J., Steckel, R. H., Larsen, C. S., Walker, P. L., Grupe, G., Jankauskas, R., Maat, G., Mcglynn, G., Papathanasiou, A., Roberts, C., Teschler-Nicola, M., Wittwer-Backofen, U., Agnew, A., Assis, S., Bereczki, Z., Bertrand, B., Betsinger, T. K., Binder, M., Boulter, S., Bourbou, C., Boylston, A., Brickley, M., Buerli, L., Cooper, C., Coppa, A., Coughlan, J., Arleta Drozd, During, E., Eliopoulos, C., Eng, J., Engel, F., Fox, S., Furtado, M., Gerhards, G., Groves, S., Harkins, K., Holck, P., Holst, M., Hotz, G., Ives, R., Jakob, T., Jennings, J., Justus, H., Kaminska, K., Kjellstrom, A., Knuesel, C. J., Kozlowski, T., Lagia, A., Lopes, C., Manolis, S., Marcsik, A., Moenke, C., Niel, C., Novak, S. A., Novotny, F., Peck, J., Potiekhina, I., Rega, B., Richman, R., Rijpma, F., Rose, J., Ruiz, J., Sannen, P., Sciulli, P., Smith, M., Soficaru, A., Spannagl, M., Storm, R., Stroud, G., Subira, E., Swales, D., Tristaroli, V., Tyler, E., Ulrich-Bochsler, S., Vatteoni, S., Villar, V., Wiggins, R., and Williams, L. L.

12. A large outbreak of cryptosporidiosis associated with a public water supply from a deep chalk borehole. Outbreak Investigation Team

Author

Willocks L, Amelia Crampin, Milne L, Seng C, Susman M, Gair R, Moulsdale M, Shafi S, Wall R, Wiggins R, and Lightfoot N

Subjects
Adult, Aged, 80 and over, Male, Chi-Square Distribution, Adolescent, Cryptosporidiosis, Infant, Middle Aged, Disease Outbreaks, Logistic Models, Ozone, England, Water Supply, Case-Control Studies, Child, Preschool, Humans, Female, Child, Aged
Abstract

Three hundred and forty-five confirmed cases were reported in a large waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in North Thames in the spring of 1997. The descriptive epidemiology, attack rates, a case control study, and the detection of oocysts in the water suggested strongly that the outbreak was associated with drinking unboiled tap water that originated from one deep chalk borehole. The 746,000 people living in the water distribution area were advised to boil their drinking water. Investigations did not reveal how oocysts entered the borehole. This is the first published report of a cryptosporidium outbreak caused by filtered borehole water and we believe it to be the largest outbreak due to groundwater to have been reported. Borehole supplies are regarded as relatively pure sources of water and this outbreak has implications for the future monitoring and treatment of drinking water extracted from boreholes.

13. Historical patterns of traumatic injury and violence in Europe

Author

Walker, P. L., Steckel, R. H., Larsen, C. S., Blondiaux, J., Grupe, G., Jankauskas, R., Maat, G., Mcglynn, G., Papathanasiou, A., Roberts, C., Teschler-Nicola, M., Wittwer-Backofen, U., Agnew, A., Assis, S., Bereczki, Z., Bertrand, B., Betsinger, T. K., Binder, M., Boulter, S., Bourbou, C., Boylston, A., Brickley, M., Buerli, L., Cooper, C., Coppa, A., Coughlan, J., Drozd, A., During, E., Eliopoulos, C., Eng, J., Engel, F., Fox, S., Furtado, M., Gerhards, G., Groves, S., Harkins, K., Holck, P., Holst, M., Hotz, G., Ives, R., Jakob, T., Jennings, J., Justus, H., Kaminska, K., Kjellstrom, A., Knuesel, C. J., Kozlowski, T., Lagia, A., Lopes, C., Manolis, S., Marcsik, A., Marques, C., Moenke, C., Niel, C., Novak, S. A., Novotny, F., Peck, J., Potiekhina, I., Rega, B., Richman, R., Rijpma, F., Rose, J., Ruiz, J., Sannen, P., Sciulli, P., Smith, M., Andrei Dorian Soficaru, Spannagl, M., Storm, R., Stroud, G., Subira, E., Swales, D., Tristaroli, V., Tyler, E., Ulrich-Bochsler, S., Vanna, V., Vatteoni, S., Villar, V., Wiggins, R., and Williams, L. L.

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