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Programming by example (PBE) is an emerging programming paradigm that automatically synthesizes programs specified by user-provided input-output examples. Despite the convenience for end-users, implementing PBE tools often requires strong expertise in programming language and synthesis algorithms. Such a level of knowledge is uncommon among software developers. It greatly limits the broad adoption of PBE by the industry. To facilitate the adoption of PBE techniques, we propose a PBE framework called Bee, which leverages an "entity-action" model based on relational tables to ease PBE development for a wide but restrained range of domains. Implementing PBE tools with Bee only requires adapting domain-specific data entities and user actions to tables, with no need to design a domain-specific language or an efficient synthesis algorithm. The synthesis algorithm of Bee exploits bidirectional searching and constraint-solving techniques to address the challenge of value computation nested in table transformation. We evaluated Bee's effectiveness on 64 PBE tasks from three different domains and usability with a human study of 12 participants. Evaluation results show that Bee is easier to learn and use than the state-of-the-art PBE framework, and the bidirectional algorithm achieves comparable performance to domain-specifically optimized synthesizers., Comment: Accepted by ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology

WebView is a UI widget that helps integrate web applications into the native context of Android apps. It provides powerful mechanisms for bi-directional interactions between the native-end (Java) and the web-end (JavaScript) of an Android app. However, these interaction mechanisms are complicated and have induced various types of bugs. To mitigate the problem, various techniques have been proposed to detect WebView-induced bugs via dynamic analysis, which heavily relies on executing tests to explore WebView behaviors. Unfortunately, these techniques either require manual effort or adopt random test generation approaches, which are not able to effectively explore diverse WebView behaviors. In this paper, we study the problem of test generation for WebViews in Android apps. Effective test generation for WebViews requires identifying the essential program properties to be covered by the generated tests. To this end, we propose WebView-specific properties to characterize WebView behaviors, and devise a cross-language dynamic analysis method to identify these properties. We develop $ω$Test, a test generation technique that searches for event sequences covering the identified WebView-specific properties. An evaluation on 74 real-world open-/closed-source Android apps shows that $ω$Test can cover diverse WebView behaviors and detect WebView-induced bugs effectively. $ω$Test detected 36 previously-unknown bugs. From the 22 bugs that we have reported to the app developers, 13 bugs were confirmed, 9 of which were fixed., Accepted by the 32nd ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis (ISSTA 2023)

A scoping review to identify methodological challenges when using routinely collected healthcare data for research.

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Aminoglycosides (AGs) are a class of broad spectrum antibiotics that have bactericidal activity against some aerobic gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. AGs have been extensively employed in animal husbandry for the treatment of bacterial infections or growth promotion. Many countries have issued strict maximum residue levels (MRLs) for AGs in many animal-origin foods. Analysis of AGs is quite challenging due to their physicochemical properties. The lack of any notable chromophores or fluorophores makes direct detection using ultraviolet (UV) or fluorescence (FLR) spectroscopy unfeasible. Therefore, AGs must be derivatized before they can be analyzed by UV or FLR detection techniques. However, the sensitivity of such derivatization methods is relatively low. Methods based on chromatographic analysis coupled with tandem mass spectrometric detection are emerging as the most common way of identification and quantification. The retention of AGs on reversed-phase column is poor due to the presence of various amino and hydroxyl groups in their structures. Therefore, ion-pair chromatography has reportedly been used to improve the retention of AGs. However, electrospray ionization-mass spectrometric detection was hampered by using an ion pairing reagent due to the suppression of ionization. In this study, a method based on mixed-mode ion exchange liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed for the determination of ten AGs residues (streptomycin, dihydrostreptomycin, hygromycin B, kanamycin, amikacin, tobramycin, apramycin, spectinomycin, neomycin, and gentamycin) in eggs. The main factors governing the method, such as the type of chromatographic column used, the type and proportion of the mobile phase used, mass spectroscopy parameters, type and volume of the extraction solvent used, pH, and the type of solid phase extraction (SPE) column, were investigated during sample pretreatment and instrument analysis. The residues of AGs in the test samples were extracted by ultrasonication with 10 mmol/L ammonium acetate buffer solution (comprising 0.4 mmol/L EDTA and 50 g/L trichloroacetic acid). After adjusting the pH, the AG residues in the sample were purified and enriched using a PRiME HLB SPE column. The target analytes were separated on a SIELC Obelisc R column (150 mm×2.1mm, 5 μm), the column temperature being 40 ℃, the flow rate being 0.3 mL/min, and the injection volume being 5 μL. Gradient elution was carried out with acetonitrile and 1.0%(v/v) formic acid aqueous solution (including 1 mmol/L ammonium formate) as the mobile phases. The detection was performed by electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The retention times and ionic ratios were used for qualitative analysis, and the peak areas were used for quantitative analysis by the external standard method. Good correlation coefficients exceeding 0.99 were observed for all the AGs in the concentration range of 5-200 μg/L under the optimum conditions. The limits of detection (LODs, S/N ≥ 3) and limits of quantification (LOQs, S/N≥10) for the ten AGs were 2-5 μg/kg and 5-10 μg/kg, respectively. The recoveries ranged from 68.1% to 111.3% (n=6) at three levels (LODs, 20 μg/kg, and 100 μg/kg) in spiked blank egg samples, and the relative standard deviations were 1.2%-12.3%. The matrix effects of the analytes were between 0.3% and 94.3% after purification on the PRiME HLB column. The applicability of the method was validated by analyzing egg samples purchased from local markets. Overall, the method of mixed-mode ion exchange liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has proven to be a reliable and powerful technique for the simultaneous quantification and confirmation of ten AGs without using an ion pair reagent. Moreover, the clean-up step only required a kind of PRiME HLB sorbent cartridge. The relative parameter data of established method were consistent with GB/T 27404-2008. With simple pretreatment, rapid determination and high sensitivity, the method can be used in the determination of AGs in eggs.

XML configuration files are widely used in Android to define an app's user interface and essential runtime information such as system permissions. As Android evolves, it might introduce functional changes in the configuration environment, thus causing compatibility issues that manifest as inconsistent app behaviors at different API levels. Such issues can often induce software crashes and inconsistent look-and-feel when running at specific Android versions. Existing works incur plenty of false positive and false negative issue-detection rules by conducting trivial data-flow analysis while failing to model the XML tree hierarchies of the Android configuration files. Besides, little is known about how the changes in an Android framework can induce such compatibility issues. To bridge such gaps, we conducted a systematic study by analyzing 196 real-world issues collected from 43 popular apps. We identified common patterns of Android framework code changes that induce such configuration compatibility issues. Based on the findings, we propose \textsc{ConfDroid} that can automatically extract rules for detecting configuration compatibility issues. The intuition is to perform symbolic execution based on a model learned from the common code change patterns. Experiment results show that ConfDroid can successfully extract 282 valid issue-detection rules with a precision of 91.9%. Among them, 65 extracted rules can manifest issues that cannot be detected by the rules of state-of-the-art baselines. More importantly, 11 out of them have led to the detection of 107 reproducible configuration compatibility issues that the baselines cannot detect in 30 out of 316 real-world Android apps.

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Supplemental material, sj-doc-2-tan-10.1177_17562864211056710 for Adverse events of rituximab in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Hao Wang, Juanping Zhou, Yi Li, Lili Wei, Xintong Xu, Jianping Zhang, Kehu Yang, Shihui Wei and Wenfang Zhang in Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-tan-10.1177_17562864211056710 for Adverse events of rituximab in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Hao Wang, Juanping Zhou, Yi Li, Lili Wei, Xintong Xu, Jianping Zhang, Kehu Yang, Shihui Wei and Wenfang Zhang in Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-tan-10.1177_17562864211056710 for Adverse events of rituximab in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Hao Wang, Juanping Zhou, Yi Li, Lili Wei, Xintong Xu, Jianping Zhang, Kehu Yang, Shihui Wei and Wenfang Zhang in Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders

Additional file 1. Sample size and reproducibility analysis.

Altered mitochondrial dynamics are commonly seen in tumors and Parkinson’s disease (PD), but the exact mechanism is unclear. We observed in tumor and PD flies, interference of mitochondrial fission or fusion reverses metabolic reprogramming and attenuates pathogenic phenotypes, indicating the rebalanced mitochondrial dynamics can re-establish cellular homeostasis. Surprisingly, we found Hsp22 is highly induced in tumor and PD flies. Hence, Hsp22 overexpression, not only suppressed RAS tumor flies, hepatocellular carcinoma mice, but also rescued PINK1B9 PD flies associating with restored mitochondrial homeostasis and reversing metabolic reprogramming. We speculate that mitochondrial dynamics is normally in a constant dynamic equilibrium, as if on a continually oscillating seesaw, tumor and PD are like the two extreme states of the seesaw which can be corrected by the promising target, Hsp22.One Sentence SummaryMitochondrial dynamics defects including tumor and PD lead to metabolic reprogramming accompanied with Hsp22 induction, vice versa, overexpression of Hsp22 reverses the mitochondrial dynamic dysfunction caused pathogenic metabolism.

Additional file 1: Supplement Table 1. Warfarin duration and Levels of INR in patients at discharge.

Additional file 2: Supplement Table 2. The incidences of thromboembolism and bleeding events in patients prescribed warfarin or NOAC during follow-up.

Secure communication in the Multi-user and Multi-eavesdropper (MUME) scenario is considered in this paper. It has be shown that secrecy can be improved when the transmitter simultaneously transmits information-bearing signal to the intended receivers and artificial noise to confuse the eavesdroppers. Several processing schemes have been proposed to limit the co-channel interference (CCI). In this paper, we propose the increasing security degree of freedom (ISDF) method, which takes idea from the dirty-paper coding (DPC) and ZF beam-forming. By means of known interference pre-cancelation at the transmitter, we design each precoder according to the previously designed precoding matrices, rather than other users' channels, which in return provides extra freedom for the design of precoders. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed method achieves the better performance and relatively low complexity., Comment: TIFS

Well workover is an indispensable production link in oilfield development. Hot washing is an important measure to maintain normal production of oil wells before well workover. Based on the principle of “source control” of pollution prevention and control in oilfield production, this paper guarantees that crude oil does not fall to the ground, adopts the way of adding chemicals to wash wells, takes the wellbore production string as the starting point of prevention and control, and uses the unique properties of surfactants, develops a new type of well-washing fluid system, which can effectively reduce the field dispensing temperature. The system can wash oil more than 90% at 65 °C, and the concentration of chemicals is 0.6%. The interfacial tension between oil and water decreases to 10–4 MN/m. Effectively avoid oil pollution from wellbore when workover operation, resulting in surface and environmental pollution. The expected goal has been achieved through well washing experiments of more than 10 oil wells before workover operation.

Due to the oil-water layers crisscrossing in the oilfield exploitation, oil production engineers keep on research more and more agent with selective water-plugging/profile modifying in order to reduce water and increase oil. In this paper, researchers use the oil soluble resin as the main raw material, and develop the emulsified oil soluble resin selective plugging agent, and the oil soluble resin is emulsified and dispersed by special processing technology to form a stable oil-in-water emulsion. The emulsion can be mixed with any proportion of water, has good fluidity and easy injection into the layer. After entering the layer, the stability of the system is lost under the action of special demulsifiers, contacting rocks, and the formation temperature, the oil-soluble resin occupy the space to plug by the aggregation and mutual adhesion of the particles to form clusters, or they are attached to the rock surface. By changing the wettability of rock surface and forming mechanical blockage of water flow, the purpose of reducing water production and increasing crude oil production is achieved. The experimental results show that the breakthrough pressure of cores with different permeability can be increased by an average of more than 10 times, and the plugging rate of sandstone cores can reach 93% by using 25% emulsified oil soluble resin selective plugging agent. And the plugging rate of water displacement with 300 times pore volume of core is stable. Because the system is insoluble in oil and water, it has self-selectivity after injection. Through the field application of six times sandstone reservoir and once limestone reservoir, the remarkable effect of increasing oil production and reducing water is obtained, which provides a new technical means for water plugging in reservoir and increasing oil production and reducing water production in single well.

An analytical method was developed for the determination of streptomycin and dihydrostreptomycin in honey using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS). The streptomycin and dihydrostreptomycin residues in the test samples were extracted with 20 g/L trichloroacetic acid aqueous solution (including 50 mmol/L phosphate, pH 6.8) and cleaned on an Oasis HLB solid phase extraction column. The products were separated on a SIELC Obelisc R column with gradient elution using 0.5% (v/v) formic acid aqueous solution and acetonitrile as mobile phases. Streptomycin and dihydrostreptomycin were detected by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in the positive ion mode using the external standard method. Under the optimal conditions, streptomycin and dihydrostreptomycin showed good linearity (r>0.99) in the range of 2.5-100 μg/L. The LOD and LOQ of the method was 2.0 μg/kg and 5.0 μg/kg, respectively. The spiked recoveries of the analytes from blank honey samples at the three levels of 5.0, 20.0 and 100.0 μg/kg were in the range of 86.9%-113.2% with the relative standard deviations less than 10%. With the advantages of convenience, rapidity, sensitivity and good repeatability, the method is suitable for the detection of streptomycin and dihydrostreptomycin in honey.

Table S1. Overlapped parts in Venn diagram among RNA-seq, Proteomics and PubMed. (DOCX 17 kb)

Figure S1. Mice body weight and immunohistochemical staining in sections of mouse tissues. Figure S2. Gating strategies of FACS, and the phenotypic and functional features of the T cell subsets. Figure S3. Representative IHC staining intensity of IDO1 in human colon cancer tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues. Figure S4. miR-30a-5p downregulates IDO1 expression. Figure S5. IDO1 is induced by IFN-γ and suppressed by miR-30a-5p. Figure S6. Representative ISH staining intensity of miR-448 in human colon cancer tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues. Figure S7. IFN-γ promotes IDO1 enzyme function and miR-448 suppresses IDO1 enzyme function. Figure S8. The schema of the major steps in our study. Figure S9. IDO1 expression in relation to the survival of patients with colon cancer. Table S1. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction primers. Table S2. Antibodies for flow cytometry analysis in mouse tumor tissues. Table S3. Correlations of IDO1 mRNA levels with clinicopathological variables in colon cancer. Table S4. Correlations of IDO1 protein levels with clinicopathological variables in colon cancer. Table S5. The concentration of IDO1 in the culture medium from HCT-116 cells and HT-29 cells (transfection with miR-448 mimic or negative control followed by IFN-γ for 24 h). (DOCX 6830 kb)

Figure S1. The cell cycle distribution of RKO/P and HCT116 cells. a. Representative cell cycle changes of HCT116 and RKO/P cells exposed to 10 μM or 30 μM 5-FU and Exo/P or Exo/R after 24 hours. The DNA content was stained with PI. exposed to 10 μM or 30 μM 5-FU and Exo/P or Exo/R after 24 hours. The DNA content was stained with PI. Figure S2. p-STAT3 transferred by Exo/R p-STAT3 transferred by Exo/R mediated acquired 5-FU resistance in RKO/P cells. a. The WB result of GSTP1 and STAT3 in RKO/P and RKO/R cells transfected with si-NC, si-GSTP1 (si-1, si-2) and si-STAT3 (si-1, si-2). b. Statistical analysis of the survival rate of RKO/P cells treated with 30 μM 5-FU and exosomes from RKO/P or RKO/R cells after down-regulation of GSTP1. c. Statistical analysis of the survival rate of RKO/P cells treated with 30 μM 5-FU and exosomes from RKO/P or RKO/R cells after down-regulation of p-STAT3. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. (PDF 308 kb)

There are various shortages of the traditional data center in cost, resource utilization, power consumption and operation. This paper studies the development trend of the virtual data center and its technical advantages, proposes a scheme of virtual system of smart transportation data center based on VMware vSphere. At the same time, oriented on requirements of traffic data stream management in city smart transportation system under the environment of cloud computing, aimed at massive, multi-source, real-time, dynamic uncertain data stream sent back from all kinds of cross regional intensive control perception device, this paper analyses the characteristics and correlation of actual city traffic operation and traffic data flow, researches evolution mechanism of uncertain data; construct traffic data flow model based on ontology, core metadata and theory of constraints. And on this basis, this paper uses virtualization and large data sets of parallel processing, considers load balancing and adaptive mechanism, combines fuzzy theory and dynamic multi object, multi constrained decision theory, to seek the efficient query algorithm for dynamic, complex and continuous transportation data stream.

Based on efficient continuous parallel query series algorithm supporting multi-objective optimization, by using visual graphics technology for traffic data streams for efficient real-time graphical visualization, it improve human-computer interaction, to realize real-time and visual data analysis and to improve efficiency and accuracy of the analysis. This paper employs data mining processing and statistical analysis on real-time traffic data stream, based on the parameters standards of various data mining algorithms, and by using computer graphics and image processing technology, converts graphics or images and make them displayed on the screen according to the system requirements, in order to track, forecast and maintain the operating condition of all traffic service systems effectively.

When most oil fields have entered high water cut stage, the distribution of oil and water is more and more complex. Profile control and water shutoff is an important technology for water control and oil stabilization. Some types of water invasion in special reservoirs such as bottom water coning or edge water propelling in horizontal wells, water invasion in micro facture and big pore carry more challenges for profile control and water shutoff technology. Beyond that this technology is also affected by the plugging agent injection’s uncertainty and migration randomness. On the basis of earlier research, this paper introduces the plugging agent formulas, technology and field application of three types of technologies which are as follows, casing channeling treatment technology, water invasion plugging technology in interlayer and water invasion in horizontal well. The three types of fixed point sealing technology can achieve the accurate injection of shutoff agent and good results had obtained in site test.

In water-injection development, water-sensitive oil deposits are prone to water injection pressure increase and water injection volume decrease, which makes it difficult to complete production and injection allocation. To solve this problem, on the basis of screening traditional anti-expansion unblocking agents, and combined with the performance evaluation of the formula and core experiment, a reasonable improvement scheme was proposed in this paper to develop a new type water-sensitive oil reservoir anti-expansion unblocking agent. The performance evaluation experiment shows that it has an applicable dissolution rate for oil rock samples and can dissolve inorganic salt scale; the anti-expansion rate is up to 90%; the core dynamic evaluation experiment shows that the core permeability can be increased more than double after the injection of the anti-expansion unblocking agent. The new type water-sensitive anti-expansion unblocking agent were used in 7 wells of the site, and all of them have a good effect of water injection pressure decrease and water injection volume increase.

Good track geometry state ensures the safe operation of the railway passenger service and freight service. Railway transportation plays an important role in the Chinese economic and social development. This paper studies track irregularity standard deviation time series data and focuses on the characteristics and trend changes of track state by applying clustering analysis. Linear recursive model and linear-ARMA model based on wavelet decomposition reconstruction are proposed, and all they offer supports for the safe management of railway transportation.

Resource leak bugs in Android apps are pervasive and can cause serious performance degradation and system crashes. In recent years, several resource leak detection techniques have been proposed to assist Android developers in correctly managing system resources. Yet, there exist no common bug benchmarks for effectively and reliably comparing such techniques and quantitatively evaluating their strengths and weaknesses. This paper describes our initial contribution towards constructing such a benchmark. To locate real resource leak bugs, we mined 124,215 code revisions of 34 large-scale open-source Android apps. We successfully found 298 fixed resource leaks, which cover a diverse set of resource classes, from 32 out of the 34 apps. To understand the characteristics of these bugs, we conducted an empirical study, which revealed the root causes of frequent resource leaks in Android apps and common patterns of faults made by developers. With our findings, we further implemented a static checker to detect a common pattern of resource leaks in Android apps. Experiments showed that the checker can effectively locate real resource leaks in popular Android apps, confirming the usefulness of our work.

RFID authentication plays a significant role in protecting the security and privacy of Internet of Things, whereas RFID tags' low resource feature limits its applications. We propose a low-cost mutual authentication protocol based on cryptoGPS scheme, with an efficient flexible key management scheme and a coupons injection protocol. A new low-cost multiplier is designed to save resource. The simulation by Synopsys Design Complier with Smic 0.25amu;m library, result shows that the tag just needs 3076 equivalent gates and the maximum time of single step is 7.35ms at 500kHz. It's clear that this protocol can meet the demand of RFID tag well.

This paper gives a new method in implement perception unit combining both micro and macro environment. The detailed micro information of user data is organized in triangular and the octree mechanism makes queries more effective. The macro environment was provided to vehicle, by traffic logic maps. This paper focuses on how to use the steering behaviors model in implementing traffic behaviors, such as accident avoiding, road following and lane changing, in order to make autonomous vehicle more intelligent.

With the development of sensors and requirement for better system performance, an information fusion problem for a class of Markov switching system with delayed mode measurements is put forward. What's more, when mode measurement is one-step delayed relative to state measurement, this kind of fusion problem is changed into a generalized filtering problem for a common Markov switching system through state-augmentation approach. This algorithm (mode-measurement-enhanced interacting multiple model generalized filtering algorithm, namely mme-IMM-gfa) is derived by Bayes theory, and is illustrated via a maneuvering target tracking simulation example.

Objective To investigate the clinical application of serum cysteine protease inhibitor C (Cystatin C, Cys-C) determination in early renal impairment in essential hypertensive by comparing the differences of renal function indices in essential hypertensive with different glomerular filtration rate (GFR) levels. Methods Two hundred and thirteen cases of essential hypertensive patients treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from October 2011 to September 2012 were enrolled, there were one hundred and thirteen males and one hundred females, the average age of all the patients was (51.2 ± 12.7) years. the GFR was detected, all the patients were divided into three groups according to the GFR levels: renal moderate and severe impairment group (GFR Results Creatinine in renal moderate and severe impairment group was statistically higher than those in renal mild impairment group and normal renal function group (P Conclusions Cys-C is one of the important diagnostic indexes in early renal impairment in essential hypertensive. It contributes to predicting the decline of renal function in the early stage.