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In this study, the chemical profiling of Jingyin Granules and the tissue distribution of nine major constituents in this Chinese medicine were performed after oral administration of Jingyin Granules to rats, by using UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap HR-MS. An Acquity UPLC BEH C_(18) chromatographic column(2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 μm) was used as solid phase, while the mobile phase was methanol and 0.1% formic acid water for gradient elution. The major constituents in this Chinese medicine were quickly and accurately identified, via comparison with the retention times and MS/MS spectra of the standards. A total of 106 chemicals were identified from Jingyin Granules, including 24 kinds of organic acids, 47 kinds of flavonoids, 10 kinds of iridoids, and 21 kinds of saponins and 4 kinds of other compounds. After oral administered Jingyin Granules to rats, 48, 30, 25, 23, 45, 34, 39, 26, 19 prototype compounds were identified in serum, heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain, fat, and testicles, respectively. Meanwhile, an LC-MS based analytical method was established for simultaneous determination of chlorogenic acid, swertiamarin, caffeic acid, sweroside, liquiritin, prim-O-glucosylcimifugin, arctiin, 5-O-methylvisammioside and arctigenin in biological samples. The tissue distribution(serum, liver and lung) of these nine aim constituents in rats after oral administration of Jingyin Granules were investigated. It was found that these nine constituents could be quickly absorbed into circulation system and then distributed to liver and lung tissues. Except arctigenin, the exposure of other eight aim constituents to serum and lung was peaked at 1 h. At 1 h, the exposure of these components to lung tissue were ranked as follows: swertiamarin [(75 191.0±3 483.21) ng·g~(-1)]gt;arctiin [(2 716.5±36.06) ng·g~(-1)]gt;5-O-methylvisammioside [(585.1±0.71) ng·g~(-1)]gt;arctigenin [(437.45±3.18) ng·g~(-1)]gt;chlorogenic acid [(308.1±5.66) ng·g~(-1)]gt;prim-O-glucosylcimifugin [(211.35±2.19) ng·g~(-1)]gt;sweroside [(184.3±9.05) ng·g~(-1)]gt;caffeic acid [(175.95±2.05) ng·g~(-1)]gt;liquiritin [(174.78±153.34) ng·g~(-1)]. In summary, an UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap HR-MS method has been established for rapid and accurate identification of the constituents in Jingyin Granules, while the tissue distribution of nine major absorpted constituents were investigated in rats following oral administration of Jingyin Granules. These findings provided key information and guidance for further studies on pharmacodynamic substances and clinical applications of Jingyin Granules.

A novel steroidal saponin, along with 12 known steroidal compounds, was isolated from the rhizomes of Paris polyphylla var. chinensis. Spectral data, including two-dimensional NMR, showed that the structure of the novel saponin was 3β,21-dihydroxypregnane-5-en-20S-(22,16)-lactone-1-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranoside. The isolated steroidal compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity on human gastric cancer cell line HepG2, SGC7901, BxPC3. Diosgenin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)[α-L-rabinofuranosyl(1→4)]-β-D-glucopyranoside exhibited the most potent cytotoxic activity among the isolated steroids.

Linearity of VCO directly impacts on the range resolution of LFMCW radar. So, linearity correction is usually adoptted in practical applications. Because VCO's linearity correction is a highly nonlinearity controlled object, which modern control method is effective with difficulty. Therefor, a system of linearity correction based on fuzzy control is proposed in this paper. The simulation results show that fuzzy controller performed well in linearity correction of VCO.

One of key techniques for high precision VCO and high resolution LFMCW radar is linearity correction, and the accuracy of linearity correction is directly determined by the precision of nonlinearity detection results. Therefor, this paper proposes a method of rapid linearity detection of LFMCW radar. First, estimate and correct the instantaneous phase. Then, fit a straight line for the instantaneous phase of difference frequency signal. Finally, estimate the instantaneous Frequency-Modulation rate of FM signal. Simulation results show that, the proposed method can detect VCO linearity more effectively.

Uses the traditional circuit of Buck to the process of super electric capacity charge, the efficiency is lowly. To solve this problem, this paper makes the improvement base on the Buck circuit, proposes the topological structure of charge base on the synchronized DC/DC technology, uses double closed-loop control current and voltage base on the DSP, realizes charge many super electric capacities through the auto-adapted algorithm. The result indicated the topological structure of charge raises the efficiency; simultaneously the digitization and the intellectualized level are high.

Analyzing the characteristic of corporate culture of knowledge enterprise, creating evaluation index system, using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and analytic hierarchy process to estimate the level of corporate culture, which helps to make social or temporal comparison and to tap the latent power, and to improve the management level and the ability of sustainable development.

Dual-wavelength LEDs with doped quantum well barriers of different doping concentrations are numerically investigated by using the APSYS simulation software. The carrier concentrations, radiative recombination rates, energy band diagrams and spectra are investigated at different doping types and different doping concentrations. The results show that through adjusting the doping concentration of the quantum well barrier a suitable spectrum can be obtained, which will satisfy the need of application. And the effect of spectrum-control in dual-wavelength LED is due to the blocking effect of electrons and holes by doped quantum well barriers.

We propose investigating the node strength connectivity correlation by a resource-allocation method and the traditional multiple edge method, respectively. A rough analysis suggests that the resource-allocation node strength connectivity correlation is always negative, which is different from the connectivity correlation of the traditional multiple edge node strength (it can show either positive, negative or no correlation). As examples, empirical investigation results for two real world cooperation-competition networks (the 2004 Athens Olympic Games network and the mixed drink network) are presented. We believe that the resource-allocation node strength connectivity correlation can serve as a description of the relative crackajack distribution, which is a complementarity of the traditional multiple edge one.

The SnO2:Sb films have been prepared on sapphire (0001) substrates by radio frequency magnetron sputtering method. The structural and photoluminescence (PL) properties of the films were investigated. The prepared samples are polycrystalline films with rutile structure of pure SnO2. The photoluminescence of the samples was measured at room temperature. An ultraviolet luminescence peak near 334 nm was observed for the first time and the corresponding PL mechanism was investigated.