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Additional file 1. Supplementary Table 1. Illnesses definitions in UK Biobank study. Supplementary Table 2. Covariate definitions and methods of assessment. Supplementary Table 3. Cox proportional hazard model for the association between the habit of adding salt to food (binary variable) and incident sleep apnea among participants in UK biobank (n = 488,196). Supplementary Table 4. Sensitivity analyses for association of the frequency of adding salt to foods with incident sleep apnoea.

To design a mechanically stable and superhydrophobic coating, a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)-containing poly(perfluoropolyether)methacrylate (PFPEM) hybrid copolymer (PFPEM–POSS) was synthesized via a free-radical solution polymerization with PFPEM, 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyl acrylate, methyl (meth)acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, methacryloxy propyl trimethoxy silane, and methacrylisobutyl POSS; and azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator. Hydrophobic coatings were formed on substrates by a facile one-step dip-coating method in a solution mixture of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether with the PFPEM–POSS hybrid copolymer. The chemical structure of the PFPEM–POSS copolymer and the surface morphology and performance of the PFPEM–POSS coatings were investigated. The results indicate that, under POSS aggregation via the fluorophilic/oleophilic co-monomer phase separation and owing to the low-surface-energy poly(perfluoropolyether)methacrylate incorporated into the copolymer, PFPEM–POSS exhibited a hierarchical micro-nano roughness in atomic force microscopy observations and provided the treated substrates with excellent hydrophobicity and abrasion resistance. As a result, the water contact angle reached 152.3° on the treated glass.

Aiming at the problem of array position error calibration under near-field source conditions, a method based on fourth-order cumulant is proposed. Decoupling of azimuth, range and array position error is achieved by vector reconstruction, the rotation invariance of the fourth-order cumulant constructed and transformation of array steering vectors. At the same time, the position error is calibrated in a time-sharing manner by using multiple signal sources at different positions. But this method does not require a precisely known auxiliary source. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has less computational complexity, more accurate azimuth and range parameters estimation, and higher accuracy of position error calibration.

Gravitational wave (GW) astronomy based on the GW detection is a rising interdisciplinary field, and a new window for humanity to observe the universe, followed after the traditional astronomy with the electromagnetic waves as the detection means, it has a quite important significance for studying the origin and evolution of the universe, and for extending the astronomical research field. The appearance of laser interferometer GW detector has opened a new era of GW detection, and the data processing and analysis of GWs have already been developed quickly around the world, to provide a sharp weapon for the GW astronomy. This paper introduces systematically the tool software that commonly used for the data analysis of GWs, and discusses in detail the basic methods used in the data analysis of GWs, such as the time-frequency analysis, composite analysis, pulsar timing analysis, matched filter, template, χ 2 test, and Monte-Carlo simulation, etc.

In order to solve the problems of traditional smoke sensors which include disposable detection, high false alarm rate and low response speed, a new smoke detection sensor used in the early fire is proposed in this paper. Infrared photoelectric detection circuit is designed based on the light extinction principle to detect smoke concentration. Based on the analysis of fluid dynamics, the detection cavity and the miniature centrifugal fan are designed not only to realize the rapid and continuous detection, but also to reduce the error of the next detection. The quantitative detection model of smoke concentration is established with the method of smoke equivalent, which is verified through experiments. According to the multiple quantitative values, the control system can judge the level of smoke concentration and control the corresponding alarm circuit to warn users. The result shows that the error of the quantification standard deviation is below 3.47 percent, which indicates the designed smoke sensor in this paper can realize the continuous online quantitative detection under the unsaturated state of smoke concentration.

In this paper, we describe ARMOR, an Agile keRnel coMpOnent Runtime which seeks to greatly enhance operating system reliability and performance at the same time. ARMOR is made up of AKE, Agile Kernel Engine which is implemented in kernel, and system servers which are user processes. In ARMOR, the kernel functions are encapsulated through component and can be loaded both into kernel address space for performance and into system server's user address space for reliability at runtime. ARMOR isolates kernel components through loading them into system server's user address space, where hardware and software prevent them from corrupting the kernel. To prove the feasibility of our approach, we implemented ARMOR in Linux operating system and some experiments are given to evaluate our work.

Pervasive computing is one of the hottest research areas in development of information technology. Among the identified key requirements for the software infrastructure of pervasive computing, such as adaptability, configurability, context and environment awareness, we focus the effort of study on the technology of reflection. In this paper, we introduce PURPLE, a reflective middleware platform which is designed and implemented to fit the very requirement of pervasive computing. And a performance analysis is given to evaluate the work.

In ubiquitous computing environment, a middleware abstracting a unified service for various types of applications operating over a static environment is not valid; in particular, ubiquitous applications does not benefit from dynamic reconfiguration and adaptive computing. In this paper, we introduce our reflective middleware platform PURPLE, which is designed and implemented to fit the varying requirement of ubiquitous computing: such as adaptability, configurability, context awareness.