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Evolutionarily conserved DDB1-and CUL4-associated factor 13 (DCAF13) is a recently discovered substrate receptor for the cullin RING-finger ubiquitin ligase 4 (CRL4) E3 ubiquitin ligase that regulates cell cycle progression. DCAF13 is overexpressed in many cancers, although its role in breast cancer is currently elusive. In this study we demonstrate that DCAF13 is overexpressed in human breast cancer and that its overexpression closely correlates with poor prognosis, suggesting that DCAF13 may serve as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target. We knocked down DCAF13 in breast cancer cell lines using CRISPR/Cas9 and found that DCAF13 deletion markedly reduced breast cancer cell proliferation, clone formation, and migration both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, DCAF13 deletion promoted breast cancer cell apoptosis and senescence, and induced cell cycle arrest in the G1/S phase. Genome-wide RNAseq analysis and western blotting revealed that loss of DCAF13 resulted in both mRNA and protein accumulation of p53 apoptosis effector related to PMP22 (PERP). Knockdown of PERP partially reversed the hampered cell proliferation induced by DCAF13 knockdown. Co-immunoprecipitation assays revealed that DCAF13 and DNA damage-binding protein 1 (DDB1) directly interact with PERP. Overexpression of DDB1 significantly increased PERP polyubiquitination, suggesting that CRL4DCAF13 E3 ligase targets PERP for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. In conclusion, DCAF13 and the downstream effector PERP occupy key roles in breast cancer proliferation and potentially serve as prognostics and therapeutic targets.

Background Osteomyelitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is an important post-operation complication, especially after fracture internal fixation and artificial joint replacement. Animal models play an indispensable role in exploring the pathogenesis of osteomyelitis. Most models use internal fixation, bacterial suspension and vascular sclerosing agent to destroy blood vessels. Vascular sclerosing agents not only damage blood vessels but also lead to local inflammatory immune disorders, which is different from simple vascular disease and osteomyelitis caused by ischemia in clinical practice. Methods The experimental animals were randomly divided into three groups: femoral artery ligation group, vascular sclerosing agent group and non-infection aseptic operation group. In the femoral artery ligation group, the femoral artery was ligated to reduce the blood flow of the affected limb to simulate the clinical ischemic state and increase the susceptibility, then the Kirschner needle with S. aureus biofilm was implanted into the tibia of rats, and the bone defect was sealed with aseptic paraffin. The non-infection aseptic operation group and the infection model group caused by vascular sclerosing agent have been used as the blank and positive control group. After operation, survival rate, body temperature and incision healing were monitored. Four weeks later, radiological and pathological changes of all animals were evaluated, and the secretions from osteomyelitis experienced etiological separation and cultivation. Results The chronic osteomyelitis model was established successfully by ligating femoral artery and implanting Kirschner needle covered with S. aureus biofilm. Signs of chronic osteomyelitis were observed in all rats of femoral artery ligation infection group and positive control group. No signs of infection and chronic osteomyelitis were found in the non-infection aseptic operation control group. Conclusion The method of ligating the femoral artery and implanting Kirschner needle with S. aureus biofilm into the tibia of rats can effectively establish a stable and reproducible chronic osteomyelitis model which is closer to the clinical pathogenesis and natural route of infection. This model could be useful for the study of pathogenesis and therapeutics of chronic osteomyelitis with S. aureus.

Additional file 1. Study protocol.

Additional file 2. Acupuncture therapy regimens and supplementary results.

In the normal word embedding generation methods, many traditional language models, such as Word2vec, Glove, divide the corpus into fixed-length contexts by setting a fixed-size window, which greatly reduce the complexity of the model and computations, but this cause the semantic missing and chaos and other issues. To this end, this paper presents a new context segmentation strategy, which uses punctuation to divide corpus into semantically complete contexts, of which the length is not fixed. In order to apply this kind of context on Glove, this paper proposes two improved models based on the original Glove: 1) Using the new context partitioning strategy to calculate the co-occurrence between words, the improved model is called Glove1. 2) On the basis of 1), the context is encoded into a distributed vector and introduced into the model's calculation, the improved model is called Glove2. We use the news.2012.en.shuffled data set to train and test on the Glove, the Glove1 and the Glove2 respectively. The experimental results shows that it is feasible to use the punctuation to divide the corpus into semantically complete contexts, which can significantly improve the semantic and syntactic of word embedding. Glove1 and Glove2 improve the quality of word embedding, which contains more semantic and syntactic information and has better linear relationships.

SPIRIT 2013 checklist: recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents. (DOCX 52Â kb)

This paper establishes the energy selective electron (ESE) engine with double resonances as a refrigerator in one dimensional (1D) system. It consists of two infinitely large electron reservoirs with different temperatures and chemical potentials, and they are perfectly thermally insulated from each other and interaction only via a double 'idealized energy filter' whose widths are all finite. Taking advantage of the density of state and Fermi distribution in the 1D system, the heat flux into each reservoir may then be calculated. Moreover, the coefficient of performance may be derived from the expressions for the heat flux into the hot and cold reservoirs. The performance characteristic curves are plotted by numerical analysis. The influences of the resonances widths, the energy position of resonance and the space of two resonances on performance of the ESE refrigerator are discussed. The results obtained here have theoretical significance for the understanding of thermodynamic performance of the micro–nano devices.

In this paper a great deal of carbon microspheres with high purity, uniform diameter and good features were synthesized by CVD method, while acetylene and toluene were used as carbon sources. The obtained carbon microspheres were almost amorphous. The products were treated by microwave plasma and temperature vacuum heat treatments respectively, then the samples were analyzed and characterized by FESEM, XRD and HRTEM. The results showed that carbon microspheres were well graphitized while their features were undestroyed. Based on their adsorption isotherms of nitrogen, pore structures of carbon spheres were found to be changed greatly after graphitized treatments.

Shanshenmiaozui in the Nihewan Basin of China is the locality that has produced the richest sample of Coelodonta nihowanensis material, including a nearly complete juvenile skull and mandible as well as various other cranial, mandibular, and postcranial bones. All of the cranial and mandibular specimens belong to individuals around 1.5 years old. On the basis of both qualitative morphological characters and osteometric measurements, the new specimens can be provisionally referred to the species Coelodonta nihowanensis. They also fall within the range of variation seen in late Pleistocene Coelodonta antiquitatis, but are distinct from this species in having developed cingula, relatively low-crowned teeth either with or without very thin cement on the surface, vestigial lower incisors, less backward-curved protolophs, and more slender limb bones. The newly discovered juvenile skull of Coelodonta nihowanensis from Shanshenmiaozui represents the only known complete juvenile skull of an early member of Coelodonta, and therefore has great significance for understanding the development and evolution of the genus. Extensive comparisons with all other Coelodonta species, and with extant rhinoceroses, indicate that the new specimens are much more similar to the true woolly rhino Coelodonta antiquitatis than to any other taxon.SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at http://www.tandfonline.com/UJVP.

In this paper, two generalizations of the (G′/G)- expansion method are proposed which results more different types of exact solutions to nonlinear evolution equations. As applications, the new exact non-travelling wave solutions of the (2+1)-dimension Burger equation and the (2+1)-dimensional breaking solution equations are obtained by using two generalized (G′/G)-expansion methods.

The development of PAS (personal wireless access system), which is called "Little Smart" in China, has significantly changed the Chinese telecommunications infrastructure. The small, wireless telephone system is inexpensive and highly accurate location, which has resulted in its rapid diffusion. Adapted from the PHS (personal handy-phone system), which originated in Japan, the PAS has acquired more than 10 million Chinese subscribers in the last two years. PAS provides a suitable infrastructure for the needs of home telehealth (telehomecare). In this article, the characteristics of PAS are introduced, and compared with the needs of home telehealth. We believe that the wide use of PAS provides a good opportunity for development of home telehealth in China, particularly in areas of high population density.

Telemedicine has been an effective method for distant consultations in developing countries. The Shandong Provincial Telemedicine Center (SPTC) has been built by the government to promote the level of medical care in the big province and it runs well among those telemedicine centers in China. This paper introduced the general situation of telemedicine networks in China and give a view of the three largest telemedicine centers. With the ATM networks the SPTC has successfully launched the tele-consultations, tele-education and tele-conference in latest years. This paper give a depiction about the development history of the SPTC networks and its management condition. Finally, the paper gives some advice on the management of teleconsultation and tele-education.

We develop the Hirota bilinear method and obtain the exact one and two superposition soliton solutions for two-component Bose?Einstein condensates. The conversion of three kinds of solitons including the superposition solitons, bright-bright solitons, and dark-bright solitons is discussed. With the energy analysis, we find that the superposition soliton state is an excitation state for this system. Moreover, the collision of two superposition solitons is found to be elastic.

In this paper, a permanent magnet of multicusp ion source is calculated in theory, using the binary collision model to deal with coulomb collision between electrons. Collision between electrons and hydrogen species is treated with the null-collision model. Therefore, the three-dimensional PIC-MCC simulation algorithm is developed. Two optimization design models of multicusp ion source, ET-60U, are simulated by the software. Also, the spatial distribution characteristics and the relevant issues of the volume negative hydrogen ion production rate of the two kinds of ion sources are explored. Finally, The basic idea about the design of the negative hydrogen ion source is proposed. indicating that appropriately regulating the magnetic field distribution of the multicusp ion source can produce uniform ion beam, and that appropriately adjusting the size of the extraction magnetic field and the ion source structure can obtain both the ion beam spatial uniformity and the high production rate.

The negative hydrogen ion source neutral particle transmission characteristics and the physical processes of the negative hydrogen ion extracted from plasma grid surface are analyzed. The influence of the extraction hole transfer rate which leads to hydrogen atom transmission is studied. A physical phenomenon of collision and reflection between H and different attribution conductor walls is explored. Then based on CHIPIC software platform, a full three-dimensional PIC-MCC simulation algorithm, in which the H transmission and the physical process of negative hydrogen ion production can be simulated, is successfully developed. It is verified by the simulation of JAEA 10A model. While the simulation reaches a steady state, the average energy of H is about 0.57 eV and H presents +Y drift. The non-uniform H beam bombarding the extraction wall leads to the spatial nonuniformity of negative hydrogen ions. These simulation results are consistent with those given in the literature, thereby verifying the reliability of the algorithm.

In this paper, the particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo method simulation algorithm with independent intellectual property is described in-depth, and discharge properties of the JAERI 10 A multicusp ion source are investigated by using the algorithm. The effects of discharge parameters (such as air pressure, discharge electrode position, magnitute of the filter magnetic field, discharge voltage, etc) on volume production efficiency are analyzed. The results show that in order to obtain high volume production of negative hydrogen ions, filter magnetic field should not be too large, and the discharge voltage should not be too small, but the filter magnetic field and discharge voltage should be appropriately selected, and primarily regulating air pressure and discharge location simultaneously can optimize the ion source.

Blazar is an extreme subset of AGNs，constituting less than a few percent of the known AGN population. While Blazar have some properties in common with other AGNs，they have some characteristics that set them apart. The observation properties are probably the cause of strong beaming effect，and these properties would be mutually correlated. The relationship between the polarization and the magnitude variation in brightness，as well as the core-dominance parameter are derived and used statistically to compare with the observational data of Blazar smaples. The result suggests that the polarization, variation and the core-dominance parameters are possible indications of the beaming effect.

In recent years, chaotic dynamic systems are widely applied in information security because of its characteristic that the trajectory is sensitive to initial conditions and seems to be random though it is really a determinate process. The nonlinear autoregressive digital filters satisfying the Kelber conditions can also produce chaotic sequences just like chaotic maps do. The composite filter system consists of several above-mentioned filters, and the filter used for iteration is completely decided by a predetermined sequence called composite sequence. Consequently, the trajectory of the composite filter system is not only sensitive to its initial conditions, but also related with the composite sequence, which determines the choice of iterated sub-filter system in the iterating process. o the trajectory is more complex than that of general chaotic systems or single filter system. After analyzing some properties of composite filter systems such as N-dimensional uniform distribution and invariant distribution density function,a new keyed Hash algorithm based on composite system is presented. The approach selects the sub-filter system with the composite sequence obtained from message to be hashed, uses the initial iteration value of composite system as the secret key, and the coarse-grained trajectory as Hash value. Because of the sensitivity to initial value and randomicity of the iteration process, there is a very complex nonlinear relation between Hash value and the corresponding message and secret key, and then every bit of the Hash value derived from the message M is related with every bit of M. Furthermore, the filter-based algorithm is simple enough without complex operations, so it can be realized easily.

How to design an efficient one-way Hash function is always the hot point in mode rn cryptography researches. In this paper, a Hash function construction method b ased on extended chaotic maps switch is proposed. The extended chaotic model is first built to generate various kinds of chaotic signals at different parts of t he original signals according to the switching schemes, and then chaotic paramet ers of one-way Hash function is modulated by the linear-transformed signals. The advantages of irreversibility, resistance to imitations and sensitivity to init ial values,etc., are also discussed. Simulation results show that this chaotic H ash function based on extended chaotic maps switch has good one-way，weak collis ion property, better security than the chaotic Hash function based on single cha otic map, and it can be realized easily.