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A full connected world is expected to gain in the 6th generation mobile network (6G). As a typi-cal fully connected scenario, the internet of vehicle (IoV) enables intelligent vehicle operations via artificial intelligence (AI) and edge computing technologies. In the future of vehicular net-works, wide variety of services need powerful computing resources and higher quality of ser-vice (QoS). Existing resources are insufficient to match these requirements. Aim to this problem, An intelligent service offloading framework is provided. Based on the framework, an Algorithm of Improved Gradient Descent (AIGD) is created to accelerate the speed of iteration. So, the con-vergence of convolutional neural network (CNN) based on AIGD is able to be accelerated too. Then, an Algorithm of convolutional long short-term memory (CN_LSTM) Based Traffic Predic-tion (ACLBTP) is designed to gain the predicted number of vehicles belonged to the edge node. At last, an Algorithm of Service Offloading Based on CN_LSTM (ASOBCL) is conducted to of-fload these services to the vehicles belonged to the edge node. In ASOBCL, sorting technique is adopted to speed up the offloading work. Simulation results demonstrate the fact that the pre-diction strategy designed in this paper has high accuracy. The low offloading time and main-taining stable load balance is gained via running ASOBCL. Low offloading time means short response time. And, the QoS is guaranteed. So, these strategies designed in this paper are effec-tive and valuable.

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Typical EV morphology of TEM analysis from (a) NAFL patient and (b) NASH patient. The scale bar is 200nm. Figure S2. (a) OPLS-DA analysis of the group of NAFL and NASH. The VIP values of blue points are below 1, and VIP of red points are above 1. (b) Volcano plot showing the differential lipids. Figure S3. Enrichment analysis of the differential lipids between the groups of NAFL and NASH. The percentages of pathway classifications are based on KEGG annotations. Figure S4. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of differential lipids. Figure S5. Heatmap of hierarchical cluster analysis of differential lipids at different degrees of liver fibrosis. Figure S6. Correlation analysis between concentration levels of putative markers and degrees of liver fibrosis. Table S4. Comparison of EV lipidomic marker-based NASH detection method to the existing methods.

The ‘Double World-Class construction has created a new movement for the quality development of higher education in China. It also demands the improvement of higher education evaluation from traditional approaches to monitoring evaluation. This article presents the latest move of higher education evaluation in China, analyzing its various dimensions, multi-value judgment, monitoring platform, and so on. It constructs the Chinese evaluation system based on the ‘Double World-Class’ and proposes an innovative evaluation framework for the ‘Double World-Class’ construction in line with the solution of the system-wide problem of ‘Four-Recognitions-Only’.

Image processing plays an important role in the topography imaging by SPM. Due to the imperfect hardware and the environmental interference, the image defects can be easily found in the topography images. In order to deal with these defects, image processing technology is the most effective and convenient way, so image processing functions are integrated in most kinds of SPM software. In this study, we present image processing methods for three common defects of topography images: background, damage and fringe. According to the characteristics of the topography images and the defects, some algorithms are adopted in the proposed methods, such as B-spline, TV, Criminisi, Flourier transform and so on. The principles, processes and application scopes of the methods were described in detail, and the topography images with typical defects were selected to verify them. The processing results showed the feasibility of the methods, which offer an effective approach to acquire high-quality topography images in a fast, simple and cheap way.

Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-cat-10.1177_1076029621989813 for Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, a New Predictor of Coronary Artery Calcification by Hong Jin, Jing-jing Ji, Yi Zhu, Xiao-dong Wang, Yi-ping Li, Qiu-yin Shi and Yi-fei Chen in Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis

Additional file 1: Fig. 1. (a-b) ROC curves showing the comparison of the combined model based on the TW1-2 sequence and the clinical features for the training cohort (a) and the validation cohort (b).

In this paper, methods like literature review and logical analysis were adopted to study the media copyright trading for professional sports events in China. Research results indicated that as the State Council partially lifted the restrictions on media copyright trading for major sports events, capitals flooded to the sports event copyright market by investing in new media sports companies. On the one hand, this has contributed to the booming market for sports media copyright trading. On the other hand, developing copyright market was proved to be a daunting task for sports companies. By analyzing the media copyright trading happened in China during the sports events of Premier League, Bundesliga, La Liga, NBA and Chinese Super League, while targeting the severe problems existing in Chinese professional sports events, the author of this paper proposes a strategy for developing Chinese media copyright market of professional sports events, so as to help create a more orderly and healthy media copyright market of this kind.

To improve indoor positioning accuracy, a TDOA accuracy correction method is presented. Zero velocity update, which is traditionally used in inertial navigation, is introduced into the method, in view of the stable position relationship between wearable device and wearer. The method mainly applies image motion estimation algorithm for VR glasses to test zero velocity points. At these points, the mean value and grey theory are respectively used to reduce random error and gross error of TDOA, so that the positioning result may approach to system error. The preliminary experiments show that the method is feasible and effective.

Background: Supracondylar humerus fracture is the most common elbow fracture in children, which often requires closed reduction and percutaneous pinning (CRPP) procedure for full recovery. In addition to the traditional sterile technique with full prep and draping, the semi-sterile technique without sterile gowns and drapes has been suggested to be a viable alternative for CRPP.Methods: Here, we performed a retrospective study over a 3-year period to comprehensively evaluate the outcomes of the semi-sterile and the sterile techniques for CRPP in supracondylar humerus fractured patients. Demographic data, fracture type, nerve injury status and the type of preparation technique (semi-sterile vs. sterile) were recorded. Time of preparation and operation, costs and elbow recovery status were compared. Outcomes of the two techniques were compared with bivariate analysis.Results: In a total of 137 patients, we found that the semi-sterile technique could significantly reduce the total operation room usage time (80 ± 13 min vs. 94 ± 12 min, 15% reduction, P < 0.001) and costs of CRPP. Specifically, anesthesia and medical waste costs were reduced by 139 RMB (1,736 ± 128 vs. 1,875 ± 197, 7.4% reduction, P < 0.001) and 103.0 RMB (14.6 vs. 117.9) per operation, respectively. At the meantime, the infection rate and recovery efficiency (89 ± 10 vs. 91 ± 9 of the Mayo Elbow Performance Score, P = 0.352) were almost unchanged as compared to the sterile technique group.Conclusions: Our study suggests that the semi-sterile technique can be used as a cost-effective alternative for CRPP in supracondylar humerus fracture and even other bone-related non-surgical approaches.Level of Evidence: The present study is a retrospective cohort study with a level III of evidence.

Various fuels can be used for Scramjet engines and the overall performance of the scramjet engine can be affected by different fuels it consumes. This paper has the topic of investigating on the influence of different fuels on scramjet engine performance. A reference scramjet configuration with design point parameters is given, based on that, the design point performances, throttling characteristics and velocity characteristics of scramjet engines using hydrogen, kerosene (C 12 H 23 ), ethylene and methane as fuels are calculated and analyzed respectively. By comparing the results with different kinds of fuels, the influence of different kinds of fuels on scramjet engine performance is obtained. The results show that the specific thrust and specific impulse of hydrogen-fueled engine are the highest. The minimum flight Mach number allowed by hydrogen-fueled engine is the largest and that allowed by kerosene-fueled engine is the smallest, which means kerosene-fueled engine can operate at lower Mach numbers compare to hydrogen-fueled engine.

This paper focuses on the feasibility of fast neutron energy spectrum measurement. The MCNPX and Geant4 are used to simulate two conversion models of stacking neutrons to protons in the triple GEM cathode coupled with multilayer polyethylene, with five kinds of single-energy neutron sources and Am-Be continuous neutron sources taken as research objects. The response function to 160 single energy neutrons and the recoil proton spectrum distribution of the above sources of the detection system are obtained by simulation. Using GRAVEL algorithm and MLEM algorithm and through simulation, the recoil proton spectra of six kinds of fast neutron sources are obtained, and they are further analyzed. The spectrum outcome is compared with the standard input spectrum, showing that they are in good agreement with each other. The relative uncertainty of the unfolding spectrum is around 10%–15%. In this part the relation of gas detector with the precision of unfolding spectrum is also discussed. The result shows that when the energy resolution of micro-pattern gas detection is better than 30%, the accuracy of fast neutron spectrum can meet the needs of practical applications. Furthermore, a new transformation model is proposed based on previous experiments and proves the feasibility of applying micro-pattern gas detector to fast neutron detection of simulation. Moreover, spectrum reconstruction can be achieved by using the obtained recoil proton spectrum combined with a suitable inversion algorithm. The modeling and spectrum analysis of this study can provide a different method of applying the fast neutron detection system composed of micro-pattern gas detectors to the detection of unknown fast neutron sources and also to the source recognition through spectrum reconstruction.

Currently, low-dimensional materials are a hot spot in the field of thermoelectric research, because the thermoelectric properties will be significantly improved after the low-dimensionalization of bulk materials. In a bulk material, its thermoelectric figure of merit ZT value cannot be increased by changing a single parameter, because the parameters of the material are interrelated to each other, which is not conducive to the research of internal factors and thus limiting the efficiency of thermoelectric material, but thermoelectric material on a micro-nano scale is more flexible to adjust its thermoelectric figure of merit ZT value. There are many different kinds of methods of implementing the low-dimensionalization of bulk materials. In this paper, size-controllable Si micro/nanobelts are prepared based on semiconductor micromachining and focused ion beam (FIB) technology, and the thermoelectric properties of Si micro/nanobelts of different sizes are comprehensively studied by the micro-suspension structure method.In this experiment, we find that the conductivity of doped Si micro/nanobelt is significantly better than that of bulk Si material, that as the width of the Si micro/nanobelt decreases, the thermal conductivity of the material decreases significantly, from 148 W/(m·K) of bulk silicon to 17.75 W/(m·K) of 800 nm wide Si micro-nanobelt, that the Seebeck coefficient of the material is lower than that of the corresponding bulkmaterials. The decrease of thermal conductivity is mainly due to the boundary effect caused by the size reduction, which leads the phonon boundary scattering to increase, and thus significantly inhibiting the behavior of phonon transmission in the Si material, thereby further affecting the transmission and conversion of thermal energy in the material. At 373 K, the maximum ZT value of the 800 nm wide Si micro/nanobelt reaches ～0.056, which is about 6 times larger than that of bulk silicon. And as the width of the Si micronanobelt is further reduced, the thermoelectric figure of merit ZT value will be further improved, making Si material an effective thermoelectric material. The FIB processing technology provides a new preparation scheme for improving the thermoelectric performances of Si materials in the future, and this manufacturing technology can also be applied to the low-dimensional preparation of other materials.

Point of colsest Approche algorithm (PoCA) based on the formalism of muon radiogra- phy using Multiple Coulomb scattering (MCS) as information source is previously used to obtain the reconstruction image of high Z material. The low accuracy of reconstruction image is caused by two factors: the flux of natural muon and the assumption of single scattering in PoCA algo- rithm. In this paper, the maximum likelihood method based on the characteristics of Gaussian-like distribution of muon tracks by MCS is used to predict the optimal track of outgoing muon. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and the localization ROC (LROC) are used as two analysis methods to evaluate the quality of reconstruction image. From the results of simulation, the perfect discrimination of longitudinal materials could be well achieved by maximum likelihood algorithm and the discriminate ratio that is predicted by the maximum likelihood method is about 15% higher than that of predicted by PoCA algorithm method. It is seen that the maximum likelihood method can greatly improve the accuracy of reconstruction image., Comment: 12 pages,11 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1608.01160

This paper analyzes the reason why the polymer is melted on a non-forming surface during ultrasonic embossing and proposes a method to inhibit the polymer melting.On the basis of the heating mechanism of ultrasonic,it points out that the polymer melting phenomenon on non-forming surface is resulted by the friction in a horn-substrate interface.Then,it proposed the method"two interfaces of different friction coefficients"to inhibit the polymer melting and implemented the method by coatings surface protection films on the non-forming surface.To optimize the protection films,and the influences of the four coating film conditions on the softening time are examined through Taguchi method.The results show that the Sekisui#622E-50 film shortens the softening time by 3.4sandthe Sekisui#622WB film reduces the softening time error by 0.64 s.It demonstrates that surface protection films coated can avoid polymer melting on the non-forming surface,and improve the process replication ability and the process stability in ultrasonic embossing.

Macamides are bioactive and marker compounds of maca (Lepidium meyenii). Thirty-five commercial maca products were surveyed for macamide composition and content by HPLC-UV/MS. Significant variations of macamide content were found in these products (69–2738 μg/g). Analysis of the macamide biosynthetic pathway suggests that: (a) glucosinolate catabolism, (b) lipid hydrolysis, and (c) amide formation are key steps controlling macamide accumulation in the tissues during the postharvest drying process. Therefore, we further investigated the effects of sample forms, drying temperatures, and storage times on macamide accumulation. Our results show that (1) powdered maca provided the largest macamide accumulation followed by sliced hypocotyls, while whole roots displayed a significantly reduced amide-generating potential; (2) the ideal temperature for macamide formation is about 30°C; (3) macamide content increases continuously along with storage time; (4) exposure to air results in the percentage of unsaturated macamides decreasing. These findings provide useful insights which can be applied in the industrial manufacture of maca products with higher content of bioactive amides.

A thermal-assisted ultrasonic embossing method was proposed based on silicon molds to replicate thermoplastic substrates in a low cost and high efficiency.The ultrasonic vibration was applied to the mold-polymer interface to heat the polymer rapidly to the embossing temperature.To reduce the risk of damaging the mold,the die was preheated to a temperature which is 35-50℃ below the glass transition temperature(Tg)of the polymer.Then,the influences of the ultrasonic amplitude, ultrasonic force,ultrasonic time,and the thermal-assisted temperature were studied by orthogonal array experiments to reveal the mechanism of ultrasonic embossing.The influence of the substrate thickness was also investigated.The experimental results show that the most important parameter for replication is the thermal-assisted temperature,follows by the ultrasonic amplitude.Moreover,the ultrasonic force is the most important parameter for replication uniformity,while the thinner polymersheets are more conducive to be replicated under the same circumstances.With the optimized parameters,the replication accuracy has reached 99%on a Polymethyl Methacrylate(PMMA)substrate,and the cycle time is less than 50s.All theses studied show that thermal assisted ultrasonic embossing has high replication efficiency and is a potential way to mass formation of polymer microstructures.

In continuous-wave cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CW-CRDS), the measurement sensitivity is seriously affected by the multimode excitations in the ring-down cavity. The using of an intracavity aperture is a common way to restrain the excitation of high-order modes, thus leading the laser power to additionally lose and the signal-to-noise ratio to degrade. In this paper, two numerical methods, named “trigger threshold method” and “curve fitness method”, are proposed for selecting the mode in which the decays excited by the high-order modes can be removed. The laser coupling efficiency between the incident laser and the oscillating fundamental or high-order modes is studied in a misadjusted ring-down cavity. It is found that with a misadjusted ring-down cavity, the laser energy is partially coupled into the high-order modes, and the coupling energy increases with the extent of the cavity misadjustment increasing. In this case, the ring-down decaying traces excited by these high-order modes are different from and much shorter than those excited by the fundamental mode, which are respectively called “bad decays” and “good decays” in this paper. Both the fundamental mode and the high-order modes can reach the threshold in the case of low triggering threshold selection and result in the components of both good and bad decays in the output ring-down curves. When the trigger threshold rises, the bad decays are effectively restrained by the deficient coupling into the high-order modes. Thus raising the trigger threshold is an effective method to restrain bad decays for the mode selection. Another approach is to consider the time spent on turning off the laser injection since the fitting goodness of good decays is better than that of bad decays. In this paper this characteristic is also used to separate the good decays from the bad ones. These two methods are demonstrated in the CW-CRDS experiments. The results show that the sensitivity of the CW-CRDS instrument can be greatly improved by one order of magnitude in the trigger threshold method with the minimum of Allan deviations gradually approaching to a constant, while the acquisition rate of the ring-down decays slows down with the increase of the trigger threshold. The results also explain the relationship between single sampling and averaged sampling, which presents an answer to the question about the sequence choice between averaging and fitting. A numerical model is proposed to estimate the probability of good decays versus the trigger threshold, which can be used to choose appropriate trigger threshold for CW-CRDS experiment. The applicable conditions and the limitations of these two methods in CW-CRDS for trace gas detection are also discussed in the paper.

With the development of information technology the data to be processed become more and more complex that human can hardly understand the inner structure of the data by direct-viewing cognition. Locally Linear Embedding algorithm can achieve data dimensionality reduction by finding the local linear low-dimensional manifold hidden in the high-dimensional space. However, the LLE algorithm is sensitive to noise. Moreover, the stability of the algorithm is very poor when exposed to strong noise. In this paper, a sparse constraint improvement method is proposed, by adding L1 norm punitive constraint to the reconstruction error function, the optimal reconstruction weight matrix can be sparser. Firstly, transform the reconstruction error function which has been added sparse constraint into a general quadratic programming problem by regularization, and then use interior-point iteration method to search the optimal solution quickly. Simulation experiments of dimensionality reduction of the typical high-dimensional data sets show that the dimensionality reduction results of LLE algorithm in sparse constraint are significantly better than the classic LLE algorithm under the influence of different noise, and have a stronger ability in resisting noise.

The surface of TiO2 inverse opal material was modified by Liquid Phase Deposition(LPD) method, and a layer of TiO2 nanoparticles was deposited on the inverse opal framework in order to increase the specific surface area. The photo-catalytical degradation of Rhodamine B was used as the probe-reaction to investigate the photocatalysis ac- tivity of the TiO2 inverse opal membranes, and the influences of boric acid concentration of the LPD solution on surface morphology and photocatalysis activity of TiO2 inverse opal membranes were investigated. The results showed that the photocatalysis activity of TiO2 inverse opal membrane modified by LPD method was improved which was about 6 times higher than that of the unmodified TiO2 inverse opal when the boric acid concentration of PLD solution was 0.0183 g/mL.

As an open, free, flexible social platform, microblog develops rapidly recent years. State of art research on friends recommendation has attract both industrial and academical concerns. Compared with traditional social networks, microblog contains both strong social relations based on the real relationship, and weak social relations based on interests, locations and other incidental factors. How to utilize these relationships and characters in personalized friends recommendation is still under research. This paper presents a new hybrid recommendation model, considering both the relationship strength and interest similarity in microblog, using the social graph mining algorithm to find strong social relations and the item-based collaborative filtering algorithm to mine weak social relations. Experimental results show that the proposed hybrid algorithm outperforms the traditional algorithm.

A new empirical, analytical model of cold plasma (< 10 keV) in the Jovian inner magnetosphere is constructed. Plasmas in this energy range impact surface charging. A new feature of this model is predicting each plasma parameter for a specified probability (percentile). The new model was produced as follows. We start from a reference model for each plasma parameter, which was scaled to fit the data of Galileo plasma spectrometer. The scaled model was then represented as a function of radial distance, magnetic local time, and magnetic latitude, presumably describing the mean states. Then, the deviation of the observed values from the model were attribute to the variability in the environment, which was accounted for by the percentile at a given location.The input parameters for this model are the spacecraft position and the percentile. The model is inteded to be used for the JUICE mission analysis., Proceedings of 14th Spacecraft Charging Technology Conference, ESA/ESTEC, Noordwijk, NL, 04-08 APRIL 2016

In this paper, the quaternion matrix equations XF # AX = BY and XF # A = BY are investigated. For convenience, they were called generalized Sylvesterquaternion matrix equation and generalized Sylvester-j-conjugate quaternion matrix equation, which include the Sylvester matrix equation and Lyapunov matrix equation as special cases. By applying of Kronecker map and complex representation of a quaternion matrix, the sufficient conditions to compute the solution can be given and the expressions of the explicit solutions to the above two quaternion matrix equations XF # AX = BY and XF # A = BY are also obtained. By the established expressions, it is easy to compute the solution of the quaternion matrix equation in the above two forms. In addition, two practical algorithms for these two quaternion matrix equations are give. One is complex representation matrix method and the other is a direct algorithm by the given expression. Furthermore, two illustrative examples are proposed to show the efficiency of the given method.

In order to improve the resolution of an Extreme Ultraviolet(EUV) photon counting imager,this paper analyzed the influence of the crosstalk between Wedge Strip Zigzag(WSZ) anodes and the false trigger resulted from out-range signals on image quality.First,the reasons which caused the crosstalk were analyzed,and the range of crosstalk coefficient and its optimum value were determined by measuring interelectrode capacitance.Then,the crosstalk coefficient was used to process photons and determine a proper energy interval(upper and lower limit).Finally,the image obtained in the setting energy interval was compared with an original image.The comparison shows that the image quality has been improved obviously.The results demonstrate that the image edge becomes stronger further and image resolution is improved by eliminating the crosstalk between WSZ anodes and removing fake data from real data.

The carrier transport and recombination in light-emitting diodes(LEDs) determine the non-uniform intensity and distribution of the internal heat source.The non-uniform temperature field also influences the carrier transport and recombination in LEDs.Thus the carrier transport and recombination are strongly coupled with temperatures.In this paper,the internal quantum efficiency,spectrum characteristic and photoelectric conversion efficiency of LEDs with substrates of sapphire,Si and SiC are systematically studied by a non-isothermal multi-physics-field coupling model.It is shown that the LED with SiC substrate has the smallest efficiency droop effect and exhibits the highest spectrum intensity and photoelectric conversion efficiency,among the LEDs with substrates of sapphire,Si and SiC.This is because the LED with the substrate of SiC has the best thermal dissipation capability,thus the non-uniform temperature field has the smallest effect on the carrier transport and recombination,leading to the significantly enhanced carrier concentration in the active region and decreased current leakage.

The correction algorithm is researched to solve non-uniformity of multiple channels output of area-scan CCD image.Various factors are analyzed contributing to the non-linear behavior of multiple output CCD.The method of multi-section linear approaching correction is proposed.The algorithm principle and its simple realization method are introduced in details.The correction algorithm is realized based on FPGA.Multi-section linear approaching correction algorithm has higher precision than two-point correction algorithm.It also has lower operation load than multi-point correction algorithm.This method satisfies the camera nonuniformity correction requirements,has very strong practicality.

with the decreasing of temperature and pressure, elemental sulfur may precipitate in wellbore. The diameter of some parts of the wellbore becomes smaller when there are plenty of precipitated sulfurs on the inner side of the wall. The mechanism of sulfuric glomeration and adsorption were investigated and the tendency of sulfuric distribution was analyzed in wellbore, critical gas velocity and sulfur particle mechanical models were established. The results indicate that liquid bridge force, which is produced by the effects of water film between sulfur particles, is the main cause of sulfur glomeration. At the beginning of sour gas reservoir development, when borehole pressure is lower than saturation pressure, the distribution of precipitated sulfur and critical velocity of carrying sulfur are increasing from bottom hole to well head. Sulfur particles are difficultly carried when liquid bridge force is formed. Critical velocity goes up with precipitated sulfur diameter increasing.

the gelation of n-butanol was realized by a mixture of cationic and anionic surfactants (referred to as "catanionic surfactant"). in this study, we used sodium laurate/cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (sl/ctab) as the catanionic surfactant. the rheological properties and microstructures of the n-butanol gel were studied using a rheometer and scanning electron microscopy (sem). we found that the concentration and mole ratio of the catanionic surfactant affected the formation of the gel and n-butanol was only efficiently gelled in the presence of the catanionic surfactant at a suitable concentration and mole ratio. when we fixed the concentration of one component in the catanionic surfactant system, the gel viscosity increased with the concentration of the other component on the basis of gel formation. this gel was a non-newtonian fluid and showed a shear-thinning property in rheological experiments. in addition, sem results showed that the gel had a representative three-dimensional network structure, which was composed of zonal fibers with uniform thickness. further investigation indicates that the hydrophobic effect between the hydrocarbon chains, the electrostatic attraction between the polar headgroups, and the hydrogen bond interaction between the surfactants and n-butanol play an important role in gel formation.