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Focusing on the reform initiatives of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS)Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) in medical scientific and technological innovation from perspectives of deepening the reform and optimizing the ecosystem of science and technology innovation, this article summarizes the highlights of CAMSPUMC's efforts in safeguarding people's health and promoting the Healthy China 2030 strategy through scientific and technological innovation in the fields including basic research, disease prevention and treatment, and medical technology in the past ten years. These achievements embody the endeavors and responsibility of CAMSPUMC in realizing self-reliance and self-improvement of Chinese medical science and technology and highlight its contributions to the development of medical science and technology of China.

Applied a non-radical non-oriented Slack Based Measure (SBM) model of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to measure the linkage efficiency between the two sectors from 2009 to 2016. The paper analyzes the current situation of manufacturing and logistics efficiency, presents a way to improve the linkage efficiency of manufacturing and logistics industry, and using Tobit regression to analyze the environmental factors that affect the linkage efficiency. The results show that: Totality, the two industries in the three northeast provinces show a steady development trend in the period from 2009 to 2016, but the development of the two industries in northeast China is still insufficient. Unexpected pollutant output is the main reason for the decline of manufacturing efficiency in the regions. The redundancy of input factors is the main reason that affects the efficiency decline of the logistics industry. The results of Tobit regression analysis show that the investment of science and technology and opening to the outside world have a positive influence on the efficiency of the two industries, and government consumption has a negative effect on the efficiency of the two industries. This is to correctly understand and grasp the status of two industry linkage development in three northeast provinces. And it provides a certain basis for the development policy of the two-industry linkage development.

Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 2. shRNAs used to knockdown LYL1 and PLVX-LYL1 used to over-express LYL1.

Additional file 3: Supplementary Table 3. Primers used for qRT-PCR analyses.

The super-resolution imager based on the coded aperture is a novelty technology. It breaks the constraints of conventional optical imager in techniques and principles. The spatial resolution of the optical system is increased 1-fold than the conventional system.

Due to the large spatial scale differences between the structure details and the global tunnel, the large-scale shield tunnels were usually modeled as continuous ‘pipes’ in the 3-D numerical analyses. The details (e.g. joints) that greatly affect the integral stiffness of the continuous 3-D tunnel models have seldom been discussed in literatures. This paper presents an idea of orthotropic equivalence for the modeling of the large-scale circular shield tunnel and the optimization procedure for the identification of the nominal material constants. Considering the tunnel’s structural characteristic in its radial, circumferential and axial directions and its periodicity, the segmentally erected lining is equivalently modeled as an orthotropic continuous structure. An optimization procedure based on the idea of inverse analysis and FE method which can quickly identify the equivalent constants is also proposed. Validation example shows that a reasonable consistency between results predicted by the equivalent/segmental models and the analytical formulas is achieved.

As the first safety barrier of high level radioactive waste, the tolerance to radiation of vitrification is critical. Vitrification is a kind of specialized glass used as the package of high-level radioactive waste in nuclear power industry. Because of its structural consistency with the main structure of vitrification (silicon-oxygen tetrahedron), fused silica is used to study the irradiation effect on network of vitrification in the present study. Borosilicate glass, a simplified version of vitrification, is studied under the same conditions for comparison. Hardness values, moduli and refractive indexes of fused silica and borosilicate glass are measured before and after irradiation with nanoindentation technology and elliptic polarization instrument. It is shown in this study that the hardness values of fused silica and borosilicate glass decrease with increasing dose. On the other hand, with dose increasing, the modulus of borosilicate glass decreases but the modulus of silica increases. Change in modulus might be attributed to the change of density, which is consistent with results from the refractive index.

In order to measure and correct a distorted image,a vertical Ronchi carrier-fringe pattern is used as measuring template,and a distorted grating pattern is captured by the imaging system.Fourier transform method is adopted to analyze the spectrum of the distorted fringe pattern,and the fundamental spectrum is extracted by filtering.An ideal image is obtained from the central region of the distorted image,where there is no distortion,and the unwrapped phase distribution and radial wrapped phase distribution are obtained by fringe analysis.The radial phase distribution is converted to the radial distortion distribution,and the corrected image is obtained utilizing the radial distortion distribution and bilinearity interpolation.The experiment results show that the method is valid.

Genetic homogeneity is the basic demand for an inbred strain of laboratory animal, which could be detected in multi-levels, including morphology, cytogenetics, biochemistry, immunogenetics, molecular genetics and so on. Biochemical markers and skin grafting were recommended methods for genetic quality control of mammalian animals in the national standard GB14923-2001. However, no prescriptive methods were destined for monitoring genetic quality of aquatic laboratory animals. Gobiocypris rarus is an endemic cyprinid fish in China, distributed only in Sichuan Province. Because this species has many attractive attributes, including sensitivity to chemicals, small size, eurythermal, easily to be cared in laboratory, short life cycle ( about 4 months) and so on, it has been widely used in mail),, researches of fish pathology, genetics, toxicology, embryology, and physiology in China. An inbred strain of Gobiocypris rarus, named HAN strain, has been, established by brother-sister mating to the 23rd generation in the laboratory since 1990. In order to investigate the genetic background of the HAN strain and to monitor its genetic quality, we examined the inbred strain on external morphometric and meristic characters, skeletal morphometrics, survival of scale transplantation, electropherogram of isozymes and microsatellite polymorphism. The present study was a part of these series works on the examination of molecular genetic homogeneity. A total of 17 microsatellite markers were used to analyze on 30 individuals of F22, 20 individuals of F20 of the HAN strain in contrast with 30 individuals of wild type which were caught in Hanyuan County in 2006. All the 17 microsatellite markers exhibited to be polymorphic in wild populations, yet only six of them were polymorphic in F20 and four polymorphic in F22. Overall 64 alleles were detected in the wild population, and the number of alleles per locus ranged front 2 to 6. But in HAN, only I or 2 alleles Could be detected in each locus, while totally 26 and 21 alleles were found in F20 and F22, respectively. The average homozygosities of these microsatellite loci were 91.96%, 86.18% and 46.84% in F22, F20 and wild population, respectively. The average heterozygosity was 0.5744 in wild population, significantly higher than those of F22 and F20, which showed its high levels of genetic diversity. The average polymorphism information content was 0.5252, 0.3838 and 0.3837 in wild population, F20 and F22, respectively. Therefore, in contrast to wild Population, the high homozygosity and low heterozygosity were found in inbred HAN strain. Among all populations, the genetic similarity index between F20 and F22 was the largest one, which showed the closest genetic distance and the nearest relationship between them. The genetic distance between wild population and F20 was larger than one between F20 and F22, and smaller than one between wild population and F22. On the whole, the present study indicated that genetic diversity of inbred strain was much lower than wild Population, and high genetic purity resulted front long-lime inbreeding was existed in HAN strain. Microsatellite markers were sensitive and effective methods for monitoring genetic quality of laboratory fish. The HAN strain maintained by brother-sister mating should be periodically monitored by microsatellite markers for the Unpurified loci needed to be homozygosis.

Adopting the initial load of a node j to be Lj = [kj(Σm Γ jkm)]α with kj and Tj being the degree of the node j and the set of its neighbouring nodes respectively, we propose a cascading model based on a local preferential redistribution rule of the load after removing a node. Assuming that a failed node leads only to a redistribution of the load passing through it to its neighbouring nodes, we explore the response of scale-free networks subject to two different attack strategies on nodes and find some interesting and counterintuitive results in our cascading model. On the one hand, unexpectedly, the attack on the nodes with the lowest degree is more harmful than the attack on the highest degree nodes when α < 1/2. On the other hand, when α = 1/2, the effects of two attacks for the robustness against cascading failures are almost identical. In addition, the numerical simulations are also verified by the theoretical analysis. These results may be very helpful for real-life networks to protect the key nodes selected effectively and to avoid cascading-failure-induced disasters.

3D video representation with depth maps is one efficient framework of 3DTV/free viewpoint television (FTV). 3D effect can be reconstructed based on human visional principle of binocular disparity. Texture image plus depth map provides an efficient solution of 3DTV application and real-time depth estimation is one barrier due to huge processing time consumption on complexity algorithm in the processing. An efficient hardware implementation of depth estimation is proposed for real time execution in this paper. The estimation system includes dual-channel video capture, image preprocessing, density pixel matching, pixel correlation and post processing. Each step of the system takes advantage of the hardware resource and adopts pipeline architecture to reduce the latency of combinational logic module at every stage and increase the throughput of the disparity extraction module. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method reduces the processing time and improves the ability of high resolution processing. The system can reach 131fps and Full HD (1920×1080) resolution, is suitable for adaptive real-time depth estimation and can be used as a subsystem embedded in the capture system of stereo vision.

In this paper, firstly we propose a simple model for a traffic network based on randomly choosing the shortest path and we further examine its dynamics behavior. The simulation results show that there exists a phase transition from the free phrase to congested phrase in the regular network. In particular, the value of the phrase transition can be used to measure the capacity of the network to process the traffic flow. And then, three different routing tactics are simulated and discussed in order to increase the value of the phrase transition on the regular network. According to the simulation results, we further present some reasonable suggestions to tackle

With the novel spectrum imaging technology development in recent years, the push-broom coded-aperture spectral imaging (PCASI) shows the advantages of high throughput, high SNR, high stability etc. This coded-aperture spectral imaging utilizes fixed-code templates and push-broom mode, which can realize high-precision reconstruction of spatial and spectral information. But during optical lens designing, manufacturing and debugging, there inevitably exist some minor coma errors. Even minor coma errors can reduce image quality. In this paper, we simulate the system optical coma error which influences the quality of reconstructed image, analyze the variantion of the coded aperture in different optical coma effect, and then propose an accurate curve for image quality and optic coma quality in 255× 255 coded template, which provides important references for the design and development of push-broom coded-aperture spectrometer.

We investigate the potential reason of decline in operating performance of Chinese initial public offerings (IPO), using a data set of 738 firms for the period 1996-2000. We find that, growth rate of investment and sales are unrelated with governance structure, and Chinese IPOs have had better post-issue performance may be more likely to invest. We also find relationship between identity of ownership and post-issue operating performance. These findings suggest that the agency hypothesis that governance change may induce an inefficient investment and sales doesn't work well in Chinese IPOs, and the motivation for going public is fairly to finance investment. Data envelopment analysis (DEA), a non-parametric frontier technique, is introduced to estimate the potential relation among governance structure, investment and sales growth, instead of using econometric methods only.

The coded aperture imaging spectrometer system based on the double-Amici-prism is designed in this paper, which includes the telescope objective, the coded template, the double-Amici-prism, the collimator lens and the imaging lens. This optical system can obtain a high diffraction efficiency. Compared to the imaging spectrometer system with a slit for this kind of system, the field of view is a two-dimensional spatial expansion, increasing the difficulty of design. For the subsequent data inversion algorithm, perfect imaging is needed, and based on this, the optical aberration of the system should be corrected carefully wildly. In this paper, we design and analyse the features of the imaging spectrometer system based on the double-Amici-prism, then the comple imaging spectrometer system. Telescope objective is designed to be telecentric, its MTF at 39 line pairs is 0.8, implying that good images can be obtained. Innovatively, an inverted telescope objective is used as a collimation system.The imaging spectrometer system's MTF at 39 line pairs is higher than 0.65. The imaging of the outdoor target scene, obtained by the coded aperture imaging spectrometer, proves that the design principle is feasible,the system is of high diffraction efficiency, the full-field imaging is of good quality, and the full spectrum of data is creditabe.

We present a simulation model of fluorine plasma etching of silicon. A mechanism for lag effect in the silicon surface etched by an inductively coupled plasma is investigated using molecular dynamics simulation. The results show that the lag effect is popular in etching process and that the etching rate of wide grooves is higher than that of the narrow ones. A probable reason is that the wide groove is produced more easily than the narrow groove. And the escape rate of product in narrow groove is lower than in wide groove. This is because a lot of products huddle together in the groove, which causes the speed of incident ions to decrease, and thus the energy of ions reaching the surface is reduced. The etching rate increases with the decrease of energy under otherwise identical conditions. On the other hand, the incident F particles are more close to the sidewall, which leads to the fact that the incident F particles will be easier to deposit on the surface of the wall. Then the width of the groove becomes narrower and narrower. The subsequent incident particles will be more difficult to reach the bottom of the groove. The lag effect increases not only with the decrease of the width of the groove but also with the enhancement of energy, and it decreases with temperature rising.

Cascading failures are common in real-life networks. To better explore the robustness against cascading failures on complex networks，by adopting the initial load of a node j to be Lj=kαj，where kj is the degree of the node j，a new cascading model is proposed based on the local preferential redistribution rule of the broken node's load. According to a new measure to the robustness of a network，we further investigate cascading failures on four typical networks. The numerical simulations show that four networks reach the strongest robustness level against cascading failures and that the robustness against cascading failures on four networks has a negative correlation with the average degree 〈k〉 when α=1. The simulation results are also verified by the theoretical analysis.

Due to the combinatorial nature of cell formation problem and the characteristics of multi-objective and multi-constrain,a novel method of evolutionary algorithm with preference is proposed. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is adopted to determine scientifically the weights of the sub-objective functions. The satisfaction of constraints is considered as a new objective,the ratio of the population which doesn’t satisfy all constraints is assigned as the weight of new objective. In addition,the self-adaptation of weights is applied in order to converge more easily towards the feasible domain. Therefore,both features multi-criteria and constrains are dealt with simultaneously. Finally,an example is selected from the literature to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach. The results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in designing the manufacturing cells.