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The purpose of this case report is to present a deviation analysis made to evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of virtual surgical planning—computer-aided design—computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology.These techniques were used to programme and perform both demolitive and reconstructive surgery in an 18-year-old man treated for a mandibular ameloblastoma. Total body CT scan and CT angiography were performed before the surgery. DICOM-format data were captured and a planning was performed using CAD/CAM technology. After the surgery, DICOM files of a postoperative CT scan were evaluated to assess the accuracy of the reconstruction. The deviation of the postoperative result from what was planned was indicated with different colours in a mandible mapper and changes in condylar and angular position between 0.5 mm and 2 mm were observed. A standardised method to evaluate accuracy or efficiency of CAD/CAM technology is still not available, nevertheless, since the patient has a good functional or aesthetic recover, the authors are satisfied with the results.

The Dolomites geologically belong to the south-verging eastern Southern Alps of Italy. They record the effects of multiple deformation episodes from the Permian onward and thus offer the possibility to study the role of earlier inherited structures upon the Cretaceous-Neogene Alpine deformation history. In the Passo Rolle area, Permian extension was followed by Late Triassic-Early Jurassic extensional tectonics during which the NNW-SSE striking Passo Rolle Fault (PRF) contributed to the development of horst and graben structures. The Alpine orogenesis in the Passo Rolle area was responsible for the build-up of the Pale di San Martino mountain range during ~ NNWSSE compression. During this stage, the NNW-verging Cimon della Pala backthrust formed concomitant with the activation of minor thrusts and strike-slip faults, and the reactivation of Late Triassic-Early Jurassic extensional faults. The genetic relationships between the broad suite of tectonic structures in the Passo Rolle area have never been investigated in detail. To this end we performed mesostructural analysis of key representative exposures to add geometric and kinematic constraints on the tectonic structures associated with the different tectonic phases registered in the Passo Rolle area. We focused on collecting fault-slip data that we used for paleostress analysis aiming at reconstructing the local paleostress evolution through time. We show that (i) the PRF accommodated significant Alpine transpression and (ii) the Permian-to-Jurassic tectono-stratigraphic framework promoted the localization of Alpine deformation to the east of the PRF, where a thick carbonate-siliciclastic multilayer deformed through first-order folds and thrusts. To the west of the PRF, where the Permian ignimbrite formed instead a relatively rigid and thus less deformable block, only minor thrusts and strike-slip faults formed, commonly exploiting suitably oriented inherited structures.

Who engages in legitimation strategies in global governance and why and how do they do it? This article studies the legitimation strategies and legitimacy-generating capacity of low-authority institutions, specifically informal groups within formal international organizations (IOs). It argues that informal groups seek legitimation and they can also be a source of legitimation for formal IOs. In doing so, the article makes three contributions to recent legitimation literature: 1) contra recent arguments, it shows why not only high-authority, but also low-authority institutions have special incentives to engage in legitimation; 2) it expands our understanding of the reasons why institutions engage in legitimation, showing why authority-deficits can motivate legitimation; 3) it studies legitimation strategies to show when they are likely to be audience- or agent-driven. A case-study of informal groups at the World Trade Organization yields three policy implications. First, developing countries could invest greater resources in legitimizing informal groups in order to boost their representation and voice opportunities within IOs. Second, formal IOs can increase their own legitimacy by supporting informal groups that enhance the representation of marginalized members. Third, however, to the extent that these strategies deflect pressure for formal rule changes, increasing investments in informal groups may be a long-term liability for developing countries.

Permasalahan dalam proses belajar semester genap yang ditemukan di MAN 1 Solok Selatan yaitu keterbatasan waktu belajar yang membuat peserta didik harus belajar secara mandiri. Selain itu penggunaan media pembelajaran di sekolah hanya menggunakan media cetak yang membuat peserta didik mengalami kebosanan. Kemudian keterbiasaan peserta didik yang selalu dibimbing oleh guru dalam memahami materi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat sebuah media pembelajaran matematika menggunakan Sparkol Videoscribe pada materi vektor di R3 yang valid dan praktis. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu penelitian pengembangan (R&D) dengan menggunakan model pengembangan yang dikemukakan oleh Plomp.(2013) Tahapan yang digunakan dibatasi hanya tahap 1 (Preliminay Research) dan tahap 2 (Prototyping phase) yang merangkap pada uji validitas dan praktikalitas. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah angket validitas ahli media dan ahli materi untuk mengetahui kevalidan dari media pembelajaran. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji coba satu-satu yang melibatkan guru dan tiga orang peserta didik, serta enam orang peserta didik pada uji coba kelompok kecil. Berdasarkan validasi yang dilakukan dengan ahli media dan ahli materi menyatakan media pembelajaran matematika menggunakan Sparkol Videoscribe sangat valid dengan persentase 85.7%. Sedangkan hasil praktikalitas media pembelajaran matematika menggunakan Sparkol Videoscribe dinyatakan sangat praktis dengan persentase 88.39%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran matematika menggunakan Sparkol Videoscribe pada materi vektor dalam bangun ruang di MAN 1 Solok Selatan, sangat valid dan sangat praktis untuk digunakan oleh guru dan peserta didik. Kata Kunci: Pengembangan, Media Pembelajaran, Videoscribe

Objective Bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (BIPSS) is regarded as the gold standard to differentiate between Cushing´s disease (CD) and ectopic Cushing's syndrome (ECS). However, published data on the diagnostic value of additional prolactin analysis are controversial. Thus, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of BIPSS with and without prolactin in a multicenter study. Design and methods Retrospective study in five European reference centers. Patients with overt adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)-dependent Cushing's syndrome at the time of BIPSS with human corticotropin–releasing hormone stimulation were eligible. Cut-offs for the inferior petrosal sinus (IPS) to peripheral (P) ACTH ratio and the normalized ACTH:prolactin IPS:P ratio were calculated via receiver operator characteristic analyses (reference: CD). Results 156 patients with BIPSS were identified. Of these, 120 patients (92 [77%] females; 106 [88%] CD, 14 [12%] ECS) had either histopathologically confirmed tumors or biochemical remission and/or adrenal insufficiency after surgery; only this subgroup was analyzed by ROC analysis. The optimal cut-offs for the ACTH IPS:P ratio were ≥1.9 at baseline (sensitivity 82.1% [95% CI, 73.2-88.6], specificity 85.7% [95% CI, 56.2-97.5], AUC 0.86) and ≥2.1 at 5 minutes post-CRH (sensitivity 91.3% [95% CI, 83.6-95.7], specificity 92.9% [95% CI, 64.1-99.6], AUC 0.96). A subgroup underwent additional prolactin analysis. An optimal cut-off of ≥1.4 was calculated for the normalized ACTH:prolactin IPS:P ratio (sensitivity 96.0% [95% CI, 77.7-99.9], specificity 100% [95% CI, 56.1-100], AUC 0.99). Conclusion Our study confirms the high accuracy of BIPSS in the differential diagnosis of ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome and suggests that the simultaneous measurement of prolactin might further improve the diagnostic performance of this test.

Autism spectrum disorder is a group of neurodegenerative disorders that is caused by a physiological disorder of the brain which represents a change in its shape and structure and is characterized by difficulties with social interaction & communication and by restricted & repetitive behavior. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) presents with behavioral characteristics that can occur in the early developmental stages of individuals. Autism symptoms appear in the majority of children between the ages of 12 and 18 months. Early indicators of autism include challenges faced by the individual in making eye contact, being unresponsive to his or her name, having difficulty following another person's gaze or in pointing a finger to an item and having poor imitation with nonverbal communication issues. Because most parents are unaware of these "early" indicators of autism, majority of the children with autism do not receive a diagnosis until they reach the age of 3. Dental issues such as bruxism, non-nutritive chewing, tongue thrusting, masochistic behaviors, erosion, xerostomia, dental caries, gingival disorders and delayed tooth eruption are common in children with ASD. These children present with an unusual response to stimuli making it difficult for the parents/caretakers to maintain their child's oral hygiene and poses a challenge for dentists to operate on the child. Therefore, it is important to prevent or intervene in any kind of dental disease at an early stage. The current review article focuses on children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and the oral hygiene concerns they face, as well as describes the various therapy options for these individuals.

After the Treaty of Trianon (1920) the long-destroyed medieval royal centres of Hungary could be used as sites to replace the “lost historic monuments” on the areas separated from Hungary.In 1934, the art historian Tibor Gerevich, a famed person in Italian-Hungarian cultural diplomacy became the Chairman of the National Committee of Historic Monuments. The Committee lead three iconic works among others during this era: the excavation of the medieval royal palace of Visegrád, the rehabilitation of the ruins of the medieval provostal church in Székesfehérvár, and the renovation of the medieval royal palace of Esztergom. The reconstructions of two of them could have been fulfilled, using the modernist style of the Italian restaurations. Until these works, the reconstructions happened only with additions in historicistic styles. The study examines the transformation as a phenomenon which did not happen so sharply. During the planning processes, the attitude of historicistic way of seeing can be also observed in the architectural renovation practices.

Aims: To assess potential changes of pharmacological activities of a novel normal immunoglobulin for intravenous administration from pooled normal plasma (IVIG). Methods: We assessed the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the level and activity of pathogen-specific antibodies in IVIG batches produced before and during the pandemic. Antibody levels were determined by immunoassays. The functional activity of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was determined by in vitro neutralization. Results: In the IVIG, the antibody titer against bacteria, different viruses and a fungus were found to be in a defined range, whereas titers to common pathogens remained consistent over time, the level of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 have increased within two years after onset of the pandemic to levels comparable to a hyperimmunoglobulin preparation. These antibodies could neutralize SARS-CoV-2 and cross-react with other coronaviruses. Conclusion: Increasing titers of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies might be beneficial for special vulnerable patient groups.

Vestibular Schwannoma is the most common tumour of Ponto Cerebellar Angle and is capable of strongly impacting the patient’s quality of life. In recent decades, the proposals for the management of the disease have multiplied, just as the diagnostic capacity has improved. While in the past, the primary objective was the preservation of the facial function, and subsequently also of the auditory function, the attention to the vestibular symptomatology, which appears to be one of the main indicators of deterioration of quality of life, is still unsatisfactory. Many authors have tried to provide guidance on the best possible management strategy, but a universally recognized guideline is still lacking. This article offers an overview of the disease and the proposals which have advanced in the last twenty years, evaluating their qualities and defects in a critical reading.

La hipótesis que aquí se plantea es que la pandemia puso a cada persona en situación de tener que aprender una forma de convivir con la enfermedad, y con las medidas excepcionales interpuestas por los estados, para paliar las consecuencias de esta epidemia mundial. En ese sentido, la enfermedad del SARS-CoV-2 no ha pasado solo como una prueba a nivel sanitario, sino también a nivel personal, educativo y existencial. En esta línea se sostiene que una educación de calidad no es sólo una educación medida en términos matemáticos y estadísticos, sino, y, sobre todo, en términos de escucha y obediencia de la necesidad del otro. La calidad del hecho educativo pasa por una cualidad entitativa y no por una mera calidad formal, por ser y no por tener.

Akuntansi merupakan salah satu jurusan yang banyak diminati mahasiswa baik di perguruan tinggi negeri maupun swasta. Mahasiswa yang mendaftar di jurusan akuntansi karena berbagai alasan, termasuk persepsi masa depan pekerjaan yang cerah, prestise sosial dan kemajuan ekonomi. Pendidikan akuntansi yang profesional akan membentuk mahasiswa menjadi ahli di bidangnya. Tujuan pada penelitian ini untuk meliti bagaimana persepsi, motivasi, self efficacy dan pertimbangan pasar kerja dapat mempengaruhi minat berkarir mahasiswa program akutansi untuk berkarir sebagai konsultan pajak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan desain penelitian kuantitatif, dengan sumber data primer dan sekunder. Populasi dalam penelitian ini melibatkan beberapa mahasiswa jurusan Akutansi di perguruan tinggi di Kota Batam pada semester ganjil yang berjumlah 612. Dalam penelitian ini teknik penentuan besar sampel menggunakan rumus slovin dengan total 242 responden. Dalam penelitian ini, metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah kombinasi non probability sampling dan pendekatan purposive sampling. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji normalitas, uji multikolinearitas, uji heteroskedastisitas, analisis regresi linier bergandan, analisis koefisien determinasi (R2), uji t dan uji f. Hasil penelitian menyebutkan bahwa persepsi, motivasi, self efficacy dan pertimbangan pasar kerja dapat mempengaruhi secara parsial dan simultan dengan positif dan signifikan terhadap minat berkarir mahasiswa program akutansi untuk berkarir sebagai konsultan pajak

The article analyses marital union practices among the Banyankole as part of a study on sociocultural practices and fertility behaviour. The aim was to examine the prevailing reproductive-related cultural practices of the Banyankole and determine their influence on fertility behaviour denoted by choice, spacing and number of children. The qualitative study adapted community-based participatory methods in a grounded theory approach. The study was exploratory in nature based on non-numerical data. Data was collected over 4 months on women and men aged 18 and above living in Sheema Municipality that identify themselves as belonging to the Banyankole ethnic group of Uganda. The study identified major marital union practices existing in the area to include Marriage, Consensual unions, Marital mobility and multi-partnerships. The findings illustrate evolutions in the cultural context of marital union practices and describe their influence on fertility behaviour. The article calls attention to multi-union practices as an important demographic indicator for development practitioners and policymakers in the context of the rapidly advancing sociocultural environment

Objective: To create an evaluative instrument focused on the production of knowledge by students in Biology classes at a state school in the municipality of Sinop, Mato Grosso. Methodology: This is a descriptive study of the experience report type, developed with fourteen students of the 3rd year of high school between the months of September and November 2022. The evaluation instrument was constructed and developed during the classes of a Master’s discipline , formalized and applied by two master’s professors. It consists of two stages, developed by two teachers of basic education, Master’s students in Teaching Natural Sciences and Mathematics at the Federal University of Mato Grosso. The first stage was carried out in two moments: carrying out the circuit with the students, with the application of group activities, and subsequent socialization with the class. The second stage included the process of looking at what students think and feel in relation to the evaluative learning circuit as an evaluation process in the classroom, in Biology classes, and reflect, according to the view of these students, their concerns , that is, the positive and negative points of this evaluation instrument implemented in the classroom. Results: The proposal was accepted with great pleasure, since this reflection allowed both teachers involved to reflect on their practices in the classroom, seeking adaptations or improvements that may reflect on the students’ learning process. Likewise, students reported that the circuit was dynamic and brought learning in a lighter way, without leaving aside the scientific pedagogical context. Conclusion: It is possible to conclude, even partially, that the circuit is a positive instrument, which needs adaptations depending on the class with which the activity is developed. However, the learning and evaluation aspects must be considered in the same way, that is, none is more important than the other, but rather, they complement each other.

A reforma psiquiátrica brasileira tem origem na luta antimanicomial, com o objetivo da cidadania de direitos, participação e poder social das pessoas com problemas de saúde mental, estruturada na Rede de Atenção Psicossocial do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Por compartilhar princípios, a Economia Solidária, com a iniciativa direta do Professor Paul Singer, aproximou-se e se integrou a reforma psiquiátrica antimanicomial, onde agrega com a crítica às relações tradicionais, determinadas pelo mercado, que excluem as diferenças e desabilidades, focam na produtividade cega e no lucro a todo custo. Nesse encontro, o trabalho deixa de ter o foco na segregação e nas desigualdades, passando à construção de laços sociais entre pessoas e territórios, em redes de pertencimento e apoio comunitário, por meio da geração de trabalho e renda. São apresentadas neste artigo, em forma de estudos de caso, duas iniciativas na cidade de São Paulo, que articulam Saúde Mental e Economia Solidária: O Ponto de Economia Solidária, Comércio Justo, Cooperativismo Social e Cultura do Butantã (Ponto Butantã), e o Ponto Benedito - Economia Solidária e Cultura (Ponto Benedito), para mostrar possível avançar nas políticas e práticas que ampliam a autonomia e a contratualidade das pessoas trabalhadoras, do lugar de protagonismo de suas histórias. O respeito às diferenças, na perspectiva da equidade, é compreendida enquanto condição fundamental para aprofundar as relações democráticas, e para a justiça social.

This work shows how the N 1s photoemission (PE) spectrum of self-associated melamine molecules in aqueous solution has been successfully rationalized using an integrated computational approach encompassing classical metadynamics simulations and quantum calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). The first approach allowed us to describe interacting melamine molecules in explicit waters and to identify dimeric configurations based on π–π and/or H-bonding interactions. Then, N 1s binding energies (BEs) and PE spectra were computed at the DFT level for all structures both in the gas phase and in an implicit solvent. While pure π-stacked dimers show gas-phase PE spectra almost identical to that of the monomer, those of the H-bonded dimers are sensibly affected by NH···NH or NH···NC interactions. Interestingly, the solvation suppresses all of the non-equivalences due to the H-bonds yielding similar PE spectra for all dimers, matching very well our measurements.

SLC35F1 is a member of the sugar-like carrier (SLC) superfamily that is expressed in the mammalian brain. Malfunction of SLC35F1 in humans is associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. To get insight into the possible roles of Slc35f1 in the brain, we generated Slc35f1-deficient mice. The Slc35f1-deficient mice are viable and survive into adulthood, which allowed examining adult Slc35f1-deficient mice on the anatomical as well as behavioral level. In humans, mutation in the SLC35F1 gene can induce a Rett syndrome-like phenotype accompanied by intellectual disability (Fede et al. Am J Med Genet A 185:2238–2240, 2021). The Slc35f1-deficient mice, however, display only a very mild phenotype and no obvious deficits in learning and memory as, e.g., monitored with the novel object recognition test or the Morris water maze test. Moreover, neuroanatomical parameters of neuronal plasticity (as dendritic spines and adult hippocampal neurogenesis) are also unaltered. Thus, Slc35f1-deficient mice display no major alterations that resemble a neurodevelopmental phenotype.

BACKGROUND: The BHOHB system (Bhohb S.r.l., Italy) is a portable non-invasive photographic marker-based device for postural examination. OBJECTIVE: To assess the test-retest reliability of the BHOHB system and compare its reliability with an optoelectronic system (SMART-DX 700, BTS, Italy). METHODS: Thirty volunteers were instructed to stand upright with five markers on the spinous processes of C7, T6, T12, L3 and S1 vertebrae to define the dorsal kyphosis and lumbar lordosis (sagittal plane) angles. Three markers were placed on the great trochanter, apex of iliac crest and lateral condyle of the femur to detect pelvic tilt. Finally, to define angles between the acromion and the spinous processes (frontal plane), two markers were placed on the right and left acromion. Postural angles were recoded simultaneously with BHOHB and optoelectronic systems during two consecutive recording sessions. RESULTS: The BHOHB system revealed excellent reliability for all the angles (ICCs: 0.92–0.99, SEM: 0.78∘–3.33∘) as well as a shorter processing time compared to the optoelectronic system. Excellent reliability was also found for all the angles detected through the optoelectronic system (ICCs: 0.91–0.99, SEM: 0.84∘–2.80∘). CONCLUSION: The BHOHB system resulted as a reliable non-invasive and user-friendly device to monitor spinal posture, especially in subjects requiring repeat examinations.

Purpose This study aims to support researchers and practitioners in finding suitable instruments for future research studies and organizational quality assessments. Design/methodology/approach Employees’ success of learning at work is strongly influenced by the quality of the workplace learning environment. In the recent decades growing effort has been given to the development of surveys to measure the quality of workplace learning, resulting in a large number of available survey instruments. This study conceptually draws on a 3-P model and uses a qualitative metasynthesis to collect and categorize n = 94 surveys that intend to measure the quality of workplace learning (WPL). Findings The results underline that research on WPL environments is a highly interdisciplinary endeavor, where every discipline enriches the field by a new perspective and own foci. Overall, this study finds a focus on learning culture and working conditions, on social and functional inclusion of the learner and on support and feedback during training. Products of WPL such as professional competences or career aspirations play a minor role. Originality/value With the integration of quality measurement instruments from various research studies, this study produces an interactive online instrument map that gives a broad, yet organized overview of available quality measures in the WPL field.

Accurate prediction of the spatial distribution of subsurface permeability is a fundamental task in reservoir characterization and monitoring studies for hydrocarbon production and CO2 geologic storage. Predicting permeability over large areas is challenging, due to their high variability and spatial anisotropy. Common approaches for modeling permeability generally involve deterministic calculations from porosity using precalibrated rock-physics models (RPMs) or geostatistical cosimulation methods that reproduce observed experimental porosity-permeability relationships. Instead, we have predicted permeability from seismic data using an iterative geostatistical seismic inversion method that combines the advantages of rock-physics and geostatistical modeling methods. First, we simulate facies through 1D vertical Markov chain simulations. Then, permeability, porosity, and acoustic impedance are sequentially generated and conditioned to the previously simulated facies model. An RPM is used to evaluate the misfit between the permeability predictions obtained from geostatistical cosimulation at the well locations and well-log values computed from the acoustic impedance. The residuals of the misfit function are used as conditioning constraints in the stochastic update of the models in the subsequent iteration. The outcome of our methodology is a set of multiple geostatistical realizations of facies, permeability, porosity, and acoustic impedance conditioned to seismic data and constrained by an RPM. We first illustrate the method on a synthetic 1D example and compare it to a traditional geostatistical inversion approach. We then apply our inversion to a 3D real data set to assess the methodology performance with scarce conditioning data and in the presence of noise.

Background Cyclin-Dependent Kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors have significantly improved progression-free survival of Hormone Receptor positive (HR+), Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor type 2 negative (HER2-) luminal breast cancers (LBC). Several studies demonstrated that the addition of CDK4/6 inhibitors to endocrine therapy results in a significant prolongation of progression-free survival in patients with endocrine-sensitive or endocrine-resistant LBCs. However, the percentage of patients unresponsive or refractory to these therapies is as high as 40%, and no reliable and reproducible biomarkers able to select a priori responder or resistant patients have been validated till now. The main cause of resistance is the selection of mutant clones in the target oncoprotein. Other mechanisms, like oncogene amplification/overexpression or mutations in other pathways, have been described in several models. Here, we focused on palbociclib, a selective inhibitor of CDK4/6. Methods: We generated and characterized human luminal breast cancer MCF-7 and T47D derived cell lines, able to survive and proliferate at different palbociclib concentrations, which also shows cross-resistance to abemaciclib. The resistant MCF7 cell line was characterized by RNA sequencing. Results: To confirm resistance, we performed cell viability assays in MCF-7 and T47D palbociclib sensitive cells (MCF-7pS and T47pS) versus MCF-7 and T47D palbociclib resistant cells (MCF-7pR5), showing a 10-fold increase of IC50 in MCF-7pR5 compared to parental MCF-7pS cells (16.7 vs 1.8 µM) and a 3-fold increase of IC50 in T47DpR5 vs parental T47DpS. We also confirmed a significant cross resistance using abemaciclib in MCF-7pR5 with an IC50 equal to 6.8 vs 0.35 µM and in T47DpR with an IC50 of 10.72 vs 0.5 µM. RNA sequencing, qRT-qPCR and Western blot results demonstrated a dramatic downregulation of the CDK4 inhibitor CDKN2B in both cell lines and we found upregulation of an miR-31, a putative regulator of CDKN2B. This finding was further validated in a biopsy from a patient progressing on CDK4/6 inhibitor therapy. Conclusions: This study provides new relevant information regarding the mechanism of resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors and suggests potential new markers to follow up patients during the treatment. Citation Format: Nicoletta Cordani, Luca Mologni, Rocco Piazza, Viola Cogliati, Francesca Pepe, Serena Capici, Camillo Di Bella, Marta Jaconi, Maria Grazia Cerrito, Matteo Villa, Pietro Tettamanti, Guido Cavaletti, Marialuisa Lavitrano, Marina Elena Cazzaniga. Loss of CDKN2B expression as a potential marker of resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitor in Luminal Breast Cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-13-21.

Karachi is the major financial hub of Pakistan. The urban sprawl generates many sub financial hubs as well e.g. Saddar which is consider as CBD of metropolitan, specifically area along I.I. Chundrigar road is almost have offices and business set-up. The similar pattern has been emerged in many other places e.g. Shahrah-e-Faisal and Tariq road. Along all three major roads mixed-used development particularly commercialization has taken place prominently and these sectors emerged as main business Centre. The present study was aimed to assess the Land-Use/Land Cover (LU/LC), green cover and air quality index analysis through object based analysis on very high-resolution satellite imagery at Shahrah-e-Faisal. The obtained results showed that the combine three activities such as Shopping, Business and Trade (SBT), Social, Institutional and Infrastructure related activities (SII), and travel or movement (ToM) were occupied on 51.34% of land. The residential activities also make an attractive volume of proportion was up to 47.11%. Therefore, it can be the perfect example of smart growth if introduction greenways initiate more effectively along with some attraction spots for Leisure.

Homework is a core pedagogical tool used by schools around the world. Yet concern for heavy homework load has been raised regarding stress on students and families and how it may overshadow opportunities for non-academic development. Drawing support from Self-Determination Theory and Hope Theory, an innovative intervention project was designed to create homework-free opportunities for school children to take part in freely chosen self-directed leisure activities. The project was implemented in four primary schools in Hong Kong during the Easter holiday in 2017 and 2018. A mixed-method evaluation was conducted to appraise the experiences of student participants as well as the project's impact on holiday satisfaction, homework attitudes and self-directed outcomes. This study's sample was comprised of 1,425 students enrolled in Primary levels 1 to 6. Participants reported in interviews that engagement in self-chosen, self-directed leisure activities were exciting and appealing. Pre- and post-holiday survey results with control-group comparisons confirmed that students who undertook self-directed leisure activities over a homework-free holiday gained enhanced agency thinking and academic competence while also becoming less inclined to see homework as meeting their immediate learning needs. Implications are also discussed regarding the benefits of self-directed leisure activities as well as school-based homework policies regarding assignment load.

Background: Adding immunotherapy to first-line chemotherapy might improve outcomes for patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer. We aimed to compare carboplatin and paclitaxel versus avelumab plus carboplatin and paclitaxel as first-line treatment with avelumab given concurrent to chemotherapy and as maintenance after the end of chemotherapy. Methods: MITO END-3 is an open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial conducted at 31 cancer institutes, hospitals, and universities in Italy. Eligible patients were aged 18 years or older with histologically confirmed advanced (FIGO stage III–IV) or recurrent endometrial cancer, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0–1, and no previous systemic anticancer therapy as primary treatment for advanced or metastatic disease. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) using a computerised minimisation procedure stratified by centre, histology, and stage at study entry, to either receive carboplatin (area under the curve [AUC] 5 mg/mL × min) and paclitaxel (175 mg/m2; standard group) intravenously every 3 weeks for six to eight cycles or avelumab (10 mg/kg intravenously) added to carboplatin and paclitaxel (experimental group) every 3 weeks and then every 2 weeks as a single maintenance treatment after the end of chemotherapy until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients, treating clinicians, and those assessing radiological examinations were not masked to study treatment. The primary endpoint was investigator-assessed progression-free survival, measured in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population. Patients who received at least one dose of study drug were included in the safety analysis. Experimental group superiority was tested with 80% power and one-tailed α 0·20. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03503786) and EudraCT (2016–004403–31). Findings: From April 9, 2018, to May 13, 2021, 166 women were assessed for eligibility and 39 were excluded. 125 eligible patients were randomly assigned to receive carboplatin and paclitaxel (n=62) or avelumab plus carboplatin and paclitaxel (n=63) and included in the ITT population. The median follow-up was 23·3 months (IQR 13·2–29·6) and was similar between the two groups. 91 progression-free survival events were reported, with 49 events in 62 patients in the standard group and 42 events in 63 patients in the experimental group. The median progression-free survival was 9·9 months (95% CI 6·7–12·1) in the standard group and 9·6 months (7·2–17·7) in the experimental group (HR of progression or death 0·78 [60% CI 0·65–0·93]; one-tailed p=0·085). Serious adverse events were reported more frequently in the experimental group (24 vs seven events in the standard group); neutrophil count decrease was the most frequent grade 3–4 adverse event (19 [31%] of 61 patients in the experimental group vs 26 [43%] of 61 patients in the standard group). Two deaths occurred in the experimental group during treatment (one respiratory failure following severe myositis [possibly related to treatment] and one cardiac arrest [not related to treatment]). Interpretation: Adding avelumab to first-line chemotherapy deserves further testing in patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer, although consideration of mismatch repair status is warranted.

Genomic analyses of Neanderthals have previously provided insights into their population history and relationship to modern humans1–8, but the social organization of Neanderthal communities remains poorly understood. Here we present genetic data for 13 Neanderthals from two Middle Palaeolithic sites in the Altai Mountains of southern Siberia: 11 from Chagyrskaya Cave9,10 and 2 from Okladnikov Cave11—making this one of the largest genetic studies of a Neanderthal population to date. We used hybridization capture to obtain genome-wide nuclear data, as well as mitochondrial and Y-chromosome sequences. Some Chagyrskaya individuals were closely related, including a father–daughter pair and a pair of second-degree relatives, indicating that at least some of the individuals lived at the same time. Up to one-third of these individuals’ genomes had long segments of homozygosity, suggesting that the Chagyrskaya Neanderthals were part of a small community. In addition, the Y-chromosome diversity is an order of magnitude lower than the mitochondrial diversity, a pattern that we found is best explained by female migration between communities. Thus, the genetic data presented here provide a detailed documentation of the social organization of an isolated Neanderthal community at the easternmost extent of their known range.

Debates on situated affectivity have mainly focused on tools that exert some positive influence on affective experience. Far less attention has been paid to artifacts that interact with the expression of affect, or to those that exert some negative influence. To shed light on that shadowy corner of our affective social lives, I describe the workings of an atypical socio-affective artifact, namely, sunglasses. Drawing on insights from psychology and other social sciences, I construe sunglasses as a social shield that helps us block spontaneous emotional expressions, as well as affecting other social processes that heavily depend on the eye region: gaze direction detection, identity recognition, and the sense of intimacy afforded by eye contact.

To examine associations between financial hardship and suicidal ideation among bereaved informal caregivers of cancer patients.Longitudinal cohort study.173 informal caregivers of advanced cancer patients.Caregivers were interviewed a median 3.1 months before and 6.5 months after the death of the patient they cared for. Logistic regression models estimated associations between caregiver-perceived pre-loss and post-loss financial hardship due to the patient's illness and post-loss suicidal ideation.Suicidal ideation was identified in 12% (Among a cohort of cancer caregivers followed from active caregiving into bereavement, post-loss financial hardship was associated with suicidal ideation in bereavement.Economic policies that financially benefit caregivers may represent promising strategies for preventing suicidal thoughts and behaviors.

biBackground:/i/bPsychological stress disorders are twice as prevalent in women with ischemic heart disease compared to men. The disproportionate psychological health experience of these women is not well understood. The objective of this study was to examine whether neighborhood social factors are associated with disparities in psychological health by gender.biMaterials and Methods:/i/bWe studied 286 patients with heart disease recruited from Emory-based hospitals in the Myocardial Infarction and Mental Stress 2 Study (in/i = 286). A global measure of psychological distress was calculated by taking an average of ranks across symptom scales for depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, anger, and perceived stress. The social vulnerability index (SVI) was developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and was used to rank patients' census tracks on 14 social factors. Beta coefficients for mean ranks in psychological distress scores were estimated per 10-unit increase in SVI percentile ranking using multilevel regression models.biResults:/i/bThe mean age of the sample was 51 years, 49% were women, and 66% African American. After adjusting for demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, and antidepressant use, each 10-unit increase in SVI percentile ranking was associated with 4.65 (95% CI: 0.61-8.69;ip/i = 0.02) unit increase in mean scores for psychological distress among women only (SVI-by-gender-interaction = 0.01). These associations were driven by the SVI themes of lower socioeconomic status and poorer access to housing and transportation.biConclusion:/i/bNeighborhood social vulnerability may be a psychosocial stressor that potentiates women's susceptibility to adverse psychological and cardiovascular health.

Caring is a foundational concept for professional nursing. Because a hospital may be an unfamiliar environment for patients, feeling safe is vital. The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine the importance of caring behaviors for making patients feel safe and their relationship with patient characteristics. Data analysis (n= 324) indicated “being listened to” was the most important caring practice, while having your nurses and doctors demonstrate professional knowledge and skill was the most important behavior for feeling safe. In today’s hospital environment, nurses need to provide patient care that patients consider caring and that helps patients feel safe.

Background: Cocaine-use disorder (CUD) has been associated with early life adversity and activated cellular immune responses. Women are most vulnerable to complications from chronic substance disorders, generally presenting an intense feeling of abstinence and consuming significant drug amounts. Here, we investigated neutrophil functional activities in CUD, including the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and related intracellular signalling. We also investigated the role of early life stress in inflammatory profiles. Methods: Blood samples, clinical data, and history of childhood abuse or neglect were collected at the onset of detoxification treatment of 41 female individuals with CUD and 31 healthy controls (HCs). Plasma cytokines, neutrophil phagocytosis, NETs, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK)s were assessed by flow cytometry. Results: CUD subjects had higher scores of childhood trauma than controls. Increased plasma cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, and IL-10), neutrophil phagocytosis, and production of NETs were reported in CUD subjects as compared to HC. Neutrophils of CUD subjects also produced high levels of intracellular ROS and had more activated Akt and MAPKs (p38/ERK), which are essential signalling pathways involved in cell survival and NETs production. Childhood trauma scores were significantly associated with neutrophil activation and peripheral inflammation. Conclusion: Our study reinforces that smoked cocaine and early life stress activate neutrophils in an inflammatory environment.

Both low-perspective taking and empathy skills and high levels of anxiety among pupils are risk factors for bullying, social isolation, educational failure, and school drop-out. As confirmed by multiple studies, these factors may also bring out special educational needs. For this reason, it is essential to adopt didactic devices, such as edugames, useful for developing these skills and to specifically ensure everyone's active participation. Therefore, the paper will present the results of a study aimed at investigating the relationship between PT and anxiety levels in school-aged children through the adoption of an edugame prototype and the screening for child anxiety-related emotional disorders to measure and enhance these skills in pupils with high levels of anxiety.