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Introducción: El glaucoma es la principal causa de ceguera irreversible en el mundo. La prevalencia mundial de glaucoma en personas de 40 a 80 años se estima en un 3,5%. Una de las modalidades de tratamiento de primera línea es la utilización de medicamentos tópicos para reducir la presión intraocular (PIO). La clase de medicamento más utilizada son los análogos de prostaglandina. Objetivo: Comparar el efecto reductor de la PIO de Latanoprostene bunod (LBN) al 0,024% con Latanoprost al 0,005 % en sujetos con glaucoma de ángulo abierto (GAA) o hipertensión ocular (HTO). Metodología: Ensayo observacional de estudio de cohorte prospectivo. Resultados: Fue realizado en 28 pacientes (56 ojos) quienes fueron aleatorizados en 2 grupos paralelos (28 ojos por grupo), el grupo Latanoprost y el grupo LBN. En el grupo LBN la media de la PIO antes del tratamiento fue de 25,3 ± 6,6 mmHg y la media de la PIO luego de 1 mes de tratamiento fue de 16,5 ± 4,9 mmHg (p

Introducción: La toxoplasmosis es una enfermedad parasitaria, en América Latina la prevalencia es relativamente alta, se sabe que la enfermedad no solo es la causa más frecuente de uveítis posterior, sino también la causa principal de la uveítis en sí misma. En Paraguay no se dispone de datos epidemiológicos publicados sobre la misma. Objetivo: Determinar las características de las lesiones retinianas en pacientes con diagnóstico de Toxoplasmosis ocular. Metodología: El presente estudio es observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal, temporalmente retrospectivo, con muestreo no probabilístico de casos consecutivos. Se enfocó en pacientes con diagnóstico de Toxoplasmosis que acudieron al servicio de Oftalmología del Hospital de Clínicas, durante el periodo de junio de 2020 a febrero 2022. Resultados: Se observó un 54,3 % de mujeres, una media de 30,62 +/- 12,96 años y un 62,8 % de procedencia urbana. El 88,3 % de los casos fueron unilaterales, la mitad de episodios primarios, el 93,6 % casos agudos, y el 97,9 % tuvo un mecanismo de trasmisión adquirido. La mayoría se presentó como Panuveítis, las localizaciones más frecuentes de las lesiones retinocoroideas fueron el Polo posterior (extramacular) y la periferia. El principal abordaje terapéutico fue el tratamiento con Trimetoprim Sulfametoxazol y corticoides sistémicos, la duración del tratamiento fue de 6,51 +/- 1,52 semanas, y las principales complicaciones fueron la Vitritis residual y la Hipertensión ocular. Discusión: La toxoplasmosis ocular es una causa importante de morbilidad visual. Se hace fundamental la prevención de la infección por este parásito mediante medidas higiénico-sanitarias, así como el diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz de los pacientes infectados, de tal manera a disminuir las complicaciones asociadas a esta patología.

Introducción, La enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) es un proceso patológico irreversible que se caracteriza por una limitación del flujo aéreo que incrementa de manera progresiva y se asocia con una respuesta inflamatoria pulmonar anormal a partículas o a gases nocivos, principalmente causada por el tabaquismo, afecta de manera directa al paciente ya que es una patología con la que tendrá que conllevar es resto de su vida, adaptarse a las limitaciones que esta ira desarrollando con el pasar del tiempo y sobrellevar las exacerbaciones que desarrolle, Objetivos, Validar del instrumento para determinar las características socio demográficas de los pacientes con exacerbación de Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica, Metodología, es una investigación mixta; cuantitativa, cualitativa, retrospectivo, con técnica para muestra de selección bola de nieve, es un trabajo de campo, de corte transversal y descriptiva, Instrumentos, el instrumento cuantitativo-cuestionario y el instrumento cualitativo-entrevista fueron validados por juicio de 16 expertos, , participó un Terapeuta respiratorio magister en Salud Pública, un médico especialista en Neumología, 3 Médicos generales, 2 Odontólogos maestrante en Salud Publica, 4 licenciados/as en Enfermería maestrantes en Salud Publica, 3 Terapeutas Respiratorios con experiencia en el manejo de pacientes con la EPOC y 2 nutricionistas maestrantes en Salud Publica, Resultados, el plan piloto fue con la técnica de selección bola de nieve y su resultado demostró que en el instrumento cuantitativo: alfa de Cronbach se obtuvo una calificación de 0.8 una confiabilidad de Bueno-Alto, en el instrumento cualitativo: se obtuvo un promedio de 89; categoría: emocional 85, familiar 83 y socioeconómica 87 como resultado se califica de 80-100 muy confiable, Conclusiones, se realizó la validación del instrumento por juicio de expertos alcanzando puntaje de 89 “Confiabilidad” queda considerado como instrumento “Muy Confiable” determinar las características socio demográficas de los pacientes con exacerbación de la EPOC.

Settlement is a key process in the life history of marine fish, when shape and ecological changes occur during the transition from a pelagic larva to a benthic juvenile. We studied the covariation of shape changes, condition, and pre- and post-settlement growth of settlers (17–30 mm) of the wrasse, Pseudolabrus gayi, from the Robinson Crusoe island, south-eastern Pacific. Specimens were collected during late March 2018 from four locations at 20 m depth and from a large, natural intertidal pool. The morphospace and the allometry were characterised by landmark-based geometric morphometrics, size and growth were estimated using sagittae otolith microstructure analysis, and condition was determined using the Fulton index. The settler’s phenotype varied from a robust shape with ventrally oriented mouth opening, to slender specimens with frontally oriented mouth, with similar body morphospace among sites. The mean pelagic larval duration was 44.8 ± 4.6 days, settling at 19 ± 2 mm SL. The mean post-settlement growth rate was low (0.09 mm day−1), showing low static allometry (3%). Differences among locations occurred in terms of settler’s condition and growth prior and after settlement, suggesting effects of the microhabitat and potential predators. Therefore, the variability in the settler’s morphospace was decoupled of pre- and post-settlement growth and condition during the transition from pelagic to benthic habitat. Finally, this study highlights the dynamic nature of the settlement–transition period for a temperate reef fish in a period when phenotype variations in body shape and early life-history traits vary asynchronously.

Purpose: To describe the ocular clinical characteristics of a group of Mexican patients with lamellar ichthyosis (LI) arising from TGM1 pathogenic variants. Methods: Ophthalmological exploration, pedigree analysis and genetic screening were performed in patients with an established clinical diagnosis of lamellar ichthyosis from families located in a small community in the Southeast of Mexico. Results: Nine patients with LI in five families were identified. There were 6 affected females. All patients (9/9) demonstrated eye lid abnormalities with eight patients showing lid margin abnormalities. Madarosis was present in only 3 individuals and corneal scarring was documented in 2. All 9 individuals carried biallelic TGM1 variants, either homozygously or as compound heterozygous. Conclusion: Ocular anomalies are common in individuals with TGM1-related LI. The occurrence of a variety of private or rare mutations hampers the identification of a genotype-phenotype correlation for ocular anomalies in this disorder.

This article discusses the role that gender and age play in female crime and delinquency in Portugal, drawing on the voices of female offenders across different generations—childhood, youth, and ad...

RESUMEN Introducción: Las estrategias de SITA Estándar fueron aprovechadas por más de dos décadas, pero buscando aun mejorar el tiempo sin perder la calidad, se volvió a crear una nueva estrategia más corta, a la cual llamaron estrategia FASTER. Objetivo: Determinar la correlación entre las estrategias SITA Estándar 24 -2 y SITA Faster 24 -2 para evaluar el daño campimétrico en pacientes con Glaucoma Primario de Angulo Abierto. Metodología: Estudio observacional analítico. RESULTADOS: Se analizó 74 resultados de análisis del campo visual utilizando dos técnicas SITA Estándar 24 - 2 y SITA Faster 24 - 2. El tiempo de prueba para la estrategia SITA Estándar fue de 379,64 ± 72,75 segundos y para la estrategia SITA Faster 170,93 ± 49,17 (p

espanolSe estudia el funcionamiento de los secaderos tipo inclinado para arroz paddy, con el fin de mejorar su operacion y eficiencia, considerando las variables de tiempo de secado, distribucion de la humedad en la capa de arroz despues del secado y velocidades del aire dentro del plenum. Simulando la distribucion y velocidades del flujo de aire antes de cruzar la capa de arroz se reubican los conductos de salida al plenum y se colocan dampers que distribuyan uniformemente el flujo. Por otro lado, se propone la sustitucion de la malla tipo plana por una malla tipo zigzag. Para verificar las modificaciones propuestas se construyo un modelo a escala para medir la variacion del tiempo de secado y la humedad dentro de la capa de arroz paddy, obteniendo porcentajes de humedad mas uniformes dentro de la capa de arroz y disminucion del tiempo de secado. EnglishThe operation of inclined type dryers for paddy rice is studied to improve their operation and efficiency, considering the variables of drying time, humidity distribution in the rice layer after drying and air velocities within the plenum. Simulating the distribution and velocities of the air flow before crossing the rice layer, the outlet ducts to the plenum are relocated and dampers are placed to distribute the flow evenly. On the other hand, it is proposed to replace the flat-type mesh with a zigzag-type mesh. To verify the proposed modifications, a scale model was built to determine the humidity and drying time variation inside the rice layer, obtaining more uniform moisture percentages within the rice layer and a decrease in drying time.

In this paper, we propose a fiber optic system to measure the changes in the RGB composition of light in liquid solutions using a plastic optical fiber (POF) as an intrinsic sensor. The measurement system is composed of a 3 W white light-emitting diode as the light source, a 20 cm long U-shaped POF, and an RGB photodiode array that allows us to detect the changes in the RGB composition of the light propagating through the POF. The U-shaped POF has a length of 5 mm without coating, which remains in contact with the liquid solutions. The tests were performed with different concentrations of a mixture of tequila and water. The results obtained with the RGB photodiode array showed that the system has a resolution of 0.39 % and a color change sensitivity of 0.1, 0.6, and 0.4 8–bits/% of sample for red, green, and blue colors, respectively. These results will allow us to design a low-cost prototype to measure the amount of adulteration in liquids.

Background Lockdown, as a measure implemented to combat the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, left many domestic violence (DV) victims trapped with their abusers. This study intends to explore the links between perceived stress, substance use and socio-demographic factors with DV experiences during COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 1062 participants over 16 years old, residing in Portugal. Data were collected through an online survey conducted between April and October 2020. The associations between potential factors and DV were investigated using bivariable analysis and multivariable logistic regression. Results The prevalence of DV reported was 13.75% (n = 146), disaggregated into psychological violence (13%, n = 138), sexual violence (1.0%, n = 11) and physical violence (0.9%, n = 10). Multivariable analyses confirmed that perceived financial difficulties (OR = 1.608; P = 0.019), use of medications to sleep or calm down (OR = 1.851; P = 0.002) and perceived stress (OR = 2.443; P = 0.003) were responsible for DV exposure during COVID-19 pandemic. Younger age ( Conclusions Interventions aimed at preventing and confronting DV are necessary within the strategies to combat COVID-19 in Portugal, especially aimed at groups in vulnerable situations, during and after the pandemic.

The measures implemented to combat the COVID-19 pandemic led populations to confinement at home, with increased risk of domestic violence due to extended shared time between victims and offenders. Evidence on domestic violence in times of pandemic is lacking. This study examines the occurrence of domestic violence, associated factors and help seeking during the COVID-19 pandemic. An online survey was conducted in Portugal between April and October 2020 by NOVA National School of Public Health. The survey was disseminated through partner networks, media, and institutions working within the scope of violence. Data were collected on the experience of domestic violence, and help seeking during the pandemic. In a total of 1,062 respondents, 146 (13.7%) reported having suffered domestic violence during the pandemic, including psychological (13.0%, n = 138), sexual (1.0%, n = 11), and physical (0.9%, n = 10) abuse. Overall, the lower the age, the more the reported domestic violence. Also, a higher proportion of participants who perceived difficulties to make ends meet during the pandemic reported domestic violence. Differences between women and men and across educational levels on reported domestic violence were not statistically significant. Bivariate logistic analyses showed that, among women, reported domestic violence was more likely among those with up to secondary education compared to higher education. Most of the victims did not seek help (62.3%), the main reasons being considering it unnecessary, that help would not change anything, and feeling embarrassed about what had happened. Only 4.3% of the victims sought police help. The most common reasons for not coming forward to form a complaint were considering the abuse was not severe and believing the police would not do anything. Our findings indicate that domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic was experienced by both sexes and across different age groups. There is a need for investing in specific support systems for victims of domestic violence to be applied to pandemic contexts, especially targeting those in more vulnerable situations and potentially underserved.

Feeding habits of the ichthyoplankton from Chilean Patagonia (44-46°30’S) were studied during June-July 2012 (austral winter). Ichthyoplankton assemblage was composed by 10 species, with low abundance (3.8 to 16.73 ind. 1000 m-3). Most abundant larvae were Maurolicus parvipinnis, Leptonotus blainvilleanus and Sprattus fuegensis. These three species fed mainly on calanoid copepodites, Paracalanus indicus and Calanus sp. copepodites, and cyphonautes. Trophic overlap among dominant fish larvae was high (Schoener’s D > 0.69) and no significant differences were detected in prey composition and size. Therefore, no resource partitioning occurred in planktonic fish larvae during winter 2012 in Chilean Patagonia.

The percentage of solid organ transplant recipients who develop extrapulmonary or disseminated tuberculosis (TB) is higher than the general population. In countries where the disease is endemic, TB should always be considered a diagnostic possibility, and extrapulmonary disease should also be considered. We present the case of a kidney transplant patient who initially presented for an abscess in the left dorsolateral region and was ultimately diagnosed with pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB. With the initiation of antibacillary treatment, a drug interaction with immunosuppressants was verified, and rifampicin was maintained at a minimum dose with other antibacillary drugs at full dose, subsequently showing an improvement in the clinical picture. The adverse effects of TB treatment present great difficulty owing to the interactions of antibacillary drugs with immunosuppressants. Most patients with conventional treatment can be cured, so prompt diagnosis and treatment are important.

Within the debate on the transitional age processes of youth in contemporary societies, this chapter analyses the profiles of young adults placed in Portuguese prisons. A unique portrait is drawn based on the existing statistical data from the prison services. Through cluster analysis, this population was classified into three groups. Findings emphasise different types of crime profiles in relation to the sociodemographic characteristics of the young people concerned (age, gender, educational background, nationality and place of residence). Although the Portuguese jurisdiction has established a special criminal law regime setting up distinct specialised facilities for young adults, results highlight the fact that most of them, some even at a minor age, are placed in prisons with older adults due to the lack of appropriate penitentiary establishments.

This chapter presents the state of the art in terms of the intersections between incarceration and generations. We start by exploring the conceptual definitions of both incarceration and generation. We argue that the expansion of the penal landscape makes us consider not only the different forms of incarceration in present times but also their impacts on specific age groups. Subsequently, we show how the intersections between these two concepts are being discussed theoretically and empirically, providing a brief state-of-the-art review of the existing literature, mainly in the social, criminal and legal studies, particularly with a focus on generations. This framework provides structure and guidance to the setting of the entire volume’s rationale. Generation as a life stage is the core perspective common to all the chapters included in this volume, which discusses the experiences, dynamics, cultures, interventions and impacts of incarceration concerning different generations: childhood, youth and emerging adulthood, adulthood and older age.

The main purpose of this article is to discuss some ethical-methodological issues associated with scientific research in confinement settings, particularly those that result from the relationship with the confined individual in the framework of qualitative research. Basing the reflection on empirical research developed by both authors in Portuguese confinement settings – prisons and youth educational centres – we examine the significant challenges and dilemmas this type of research entails, exploring the interface between procedural ethics and ethics in practice at three points in the analytical process: before, during and after data collection. This article illustrates the interplay between formal and informal procedures, and between the initial distancing and strangeness when making contact with confinement settings and their social actors and the institutional and relational dynamics that become ingrained in our everyday practice. Our goal is to give visibility to these institutional and relational dynamics and to reflect on the challenges experienced by those who enter confinement settings to do research, in an effort to make the research process more transparent and at the same time more reflexive. We end our reflection advocating more ethically committed and critical scientific research.

This work presents the evolution of the operation of a regenerative hybrid solar gas turbine in an average day of the year. The system is evaluated by means of a thermodynamic model that includes a solar concentrated heliostat field solar concentrator with central receiver, a combustion chamber, and the thermal engine. The model is applied in Barranquilla, Colombia using local temperature and the solar radiation estimated with a theoretical model. Power output, the global efficiency and thermal engine efficiency are estimated. Additionally, to estimate the temperatures in different states of the cycle with and without regenerator. Finally, the impact of the regenerator is evaluated, which can increase the temperature of the solar receiver by up to 13.6%, and the inlet temperature to the combustion chamber increases by 17.3% at noon, when solar radiation is maximum.

A publicação deste volume, desdobrada em dois números da revista Configurações, tem origem num duplo evento, organizado conjuntamente: o Segundo Encontro da Secção Temática “Sociologia do Direito e da Justiça” da Associação Portuguesa de Sociologia (STSDJ) e as V Jornadas do Mestrado em Crime, Diferença e Desigualdades da Universidade do Minho As preocupações de abrangência e de pertinência que orientaram o seu formato de origem coincidiram com as que presidiram ao anterior encontro da STSDJ:...

This study assesses seasonal variation in the morphology and diet of juveniles and adults of the Easter Island endemic goby Kelloggella disalvoi from intertidal pools during September-October 2015 (spring) and June-July 2016 (winter), utilizing geometric morphometric and gut-content analyses. A set of 16 landmarks was digitized in 128 individuals. Shape changes related to size changes (i.e. allometry) were low (18·6%) and were seasonally similar. Body shape changes were mainly dorsoventral (44·2% of variance) and comprised posteroventral displacement of the premaxilla and bending of the body. The latter included vertical displacement of the anterior portion of the first and second dorsal fins and the entire base of the caudal fin. Diets mainly comprised developmental stages of harpacticoid copepods (from eggs to adults), ostracods, isopods, gastropods and bivalves. Also, trophic niche breadth remained constant throughout development and did not vary between seasons. Nonetheless, significant dietary differences were detected in specimens collected during spring (main prey items: harpacticoid copepods and copepod eggs) and winter (harpacticoid copepods and copepod nauplii). Finally, there was weak but significant covariation between diet and morphology: molluscivores were characterized by having an inferior mouth gape, whereas planktivores had an anteriorly directed premaxilla.

Basado en el estudio realizado en el litoral brasilero por el PhD. Jonas Takeo Carvalho, se diseñó un prototipo, con principio de funcionamiento de boya, se obtienen las características de las bobinas y del magneto para las diferentes estaciones del año, las cuales transforman la energía undimotriz en energía eléctrica, este puede funcionar en cualquier posición y desplazamiento de ondas, en zonas lejos de costa (Offshore). De la simulación del generador para cada estación, se obtuvieron datos de desempeño, que permitieron establecer los parámetros definitivos para una máxima eficiencia en la transformación de energía.

This paper presents a dialogue between two qualitative research Ph.D. projects concerning girls who are involved in delinquent practices in Portugal. Our aim is to extend the debate concerning different dimensions of female delinquency in childhood and youth. This paper is focused on the analysis of girls’ explanations and understandings of their offending behaviors obtained through interviews—a methodology common to both doctoral studies. Conducting research in two different contexts—the Portuguese juvenile justice system and social housing neighborhoods—the authors explore interview data from twenty-six pre-adolescent girls, aged 7–18 years old, from various sites around the country, who have in common their disadvantaged socio-economic origins and the type of the delinquent practices they committed. Regardless of age, these girls shared similar perspectives on their involvement in delinquency, which were explained by the familial and social experiences that facilitated their offending behaviors. The transmission of delinquent values took place essentially within the female family circle or via their female peers. Delinquency was not seen by the girls as a rejection of their femininity and gender roles, nor as a resource for performing masculinity—on the contrary, different femininities were identified and risk and experimentation underpinned the girls’ practices. Discussing the contexts in which the girls emerge as aggressors allows the social dynamics which still make many of them victims even more visible.

In this work, we show an optoelectronic system based on a plastic optical fiber (POF), which can detect changes in the RGB composition in liquid solutions. This system consists of a white light (LED) with 3 W of power, and 20 centimeters of POF with cladding in the U-configuration,where 0.5 cm is without cladding that allows having contact with the rest of the solution. Also, the arrangement of photodiodes allows us to capture the intensity of light that comes from the fiber. Furthermore, we tested different solutions where we observed changes in the RGB color composition, using different concentrations of water with alcohol. These results shall allow us to design in the future a prototype for measuring the refractive index in different liquid solutions.

As condutas desviantes praticada pelos jovens, consideras comportamentos que desafiam as normas e a ordem social, ainda é uma realidade bastante grave observada em diversos países, seja a partir das pesquisas dos especialistas, seja nas estatísticas. O presente texto tem como objetivo aferir a validade empírica da estrutura fatorial da Escala de Condutas Antissociais e Delitivas em distintos países; trata-se de uma medida de avaliação das condutas desviantes que tem sido bastante utilizada com diferentes amostras e que pode ser compreendida como condutas que interferem nos direitos e nos deveres das pessoas, ameaçando o seu bem-estar social e individual. Participaram do estudo, 411 adolescentes, os quais, 137 eram distribuídos em cada país, com idades compreendidas entre os 13 e os 18 anos (M = 15.71 DP = 1,65; Mo = 15). Os resultados indicam que a estrutura fatorial da ECAD foi consistente, bem como, corroborou a organização bi-fatorial desta medida observada nos estudos brasileiros. Foi destaque também, a sua invariância fatorial nas amostras dos distintos países pesquisado, verificando a diferença no CFI entre as amostras. Esta condição revela que a ECAD tem muita qualidade, bem como, permite afirmar que tal fenômeno pouco se diferencia para respondentes em distintos contextos sociais e políticos, quanto ao seu construto. Com isso, pode-se afirmar que ECAD é confiável e segura quando se pretender avaliar as condutas desviantes em jovens.

Adaptive plasticity in foraging of early life stages of marine fishes is highly relevant, particularly in environments such as the Antarctic inshore waters. In this study we analyzed the trophic habits, feeding success and selectivity of larval spiny plunderfish Harpagifer antarcticus (Osteichthyes: Harpagiferidae) collected weekly in austral summer 2014 and 2015 at Bahia Chile, Greenwich Island, South Shetland Islands. Based on the stomach contents of 202 individuals ranging between 5.97 and 10.66 mm, the spiny plunderfish was omnivorous, with chain-forming diatom Thalassiosira minuscula, euphausiid eggs and copepodites as the main prey items. The feeding success, measured as prey number per gut and total volume per gut, and the trophic niche breadth were independent of the standard length. Only the maximum prey size (width) was positively correlated with larval size, suggesting a preference for larger prey as larvae grow. At the interannual scale, significant differences were only detected in the ingested prey per gut, with higher values during summer 2014. In this season, trophic niche breadth increased with larval size. At the weekly scale, and after storm winds from southeast and high turbulence in surface waters, H. antarcticus larvae switched their selective feeding based on large prey (i.e., copepodites) to a more opportunistic feeding strategy, relying on large abundance of small (i.e., T. minuscula) to medium-size prey (euphausiid eggs). The present results suggest that larval spiny plunderfish exhibit feeding behavior plasticity, ensuring higher feeding rates after major changes triggered by meteorological conditions in a shallow embayment of the South Shetland Islands.

En la planta de Guaicaramo, para el proceso de obtención del aceite de palma, las calderas producen la mayor demanda de agua utilizada en el proceso, aproximadamente 96000 m3 por año, este vapor al ser utilizado en este proceso genera condensados, que al reutilizarlos disminuiría la demanda de agua proveniente de pozos profundos y del río, por lo que este estudio plantea el diseño de un sistema de recuperación de los condensados que cumplan según parámetros determinados por la ABMA (American Boiler Manufacture Asociation) para nuevamente alimentar a la caldera. También se analizaron los efluentes finales del sistema de tratamiento (EFST) de diferentes partes del proceso que llegan a una piscina de lodos para su recuperación, para estas se propuso un diseño experimental utilizando materias primas de residuo de la empresa (cuescos de palma, fibra y tusa) y un solo tratamiento tradicional (Filtración o floculación o sedimentación) y mezclas con agua para buscar su posterior utilizacióncomo agua de alimentación de calderas.Palabras Clave: Diseño experimental; eficiencia de calderas; recuperación de aguas residuales; recuperación de condensados.

In the research the temperature acquisition was carried out inside and outside the wall an intermittent furnace and the evaluation of the energy loss on the wall during baking process, the first phase begins with the design, programming and implementation of an virtual instrument for data temperature acquisition and generation of temperatures profiles then, heat loss due to conduction on the furnace wall was determined considering one-dimensional heat flow, in radial direction and in a transitory state. The virtual instrument was programmed every 5 minutes and 1596 data were recorded, the input heat supplied to the furnace was 49.2x106 KJ and the energy losses due to the furnace wall were 5.2x106 KJ indicating the 10.57 percent of the supplied energy. Results of research have made it possible to establish trends in the temperature distribution, as well as identify thermal energy entering and leaving the furnace to propose improvements in performance of the furnace that increase its energy efficiency, reduce fuel consumption and gas emissions to the environment avoiding acute respiratory diseases.

This study evaluated the changes of cows’ milk fat fatty acids (FA) after transition from pasture to a total mixed ration (TMR) diet and back to pasture. Eight Holstein cows were used in a 52-d experiment divided into three periods. In period I (PI), cows grazed for 10 d and were supplemented with 5 kg head−1 day−1 of concentrate. On the 11th day, cows were moved to a barn and fed a TMR diet for the next 21 d (PII). On the 32nd day, cows were sent back to pasture for another 21 d (PIII) and received the same supplement of PI. Milk samples were taken on days 10 of PI and 2, 4, 7, 14 and 21 of PII and PIII. Total mixed ratio significantly increased dry matter intake and milk production and decreased milk fat content. Diet significantly affected the concentration of most FA in milk fat. Grazing pasture significantly increased the concentrations of 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:1 t11, 18:2 c9,t11, 18:2 t11,c15, 18:3 c9,c12,c15, iso and anteiso branched-chain FA and sums of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Concentrations of 12:0, 14:0, 16:0, 15:0, 17:0, 18:2 c9,c12 and the sum of saturated fatty acids (SFA) significantly increased with PII diet. Most FA and FA sums took 14–21 d to stabilise in PII and only 4–7 d after transition for pasture. This evolution pattern of milk fat FA suggests that the long historical feeding regimen is a factor that impacts on the time cows take to respond to different diets by changing FA composition, probably as a result of the adaptation time of rumen microbes.

Resenha do livro:FORTES, Corsino. Sinos de silêncio: canções e haikais. Lisboa: Rosa de Porcelana, 2015.

Summary The diet, feeding success (prey number and total volume per gut, and maximum prey width) and trophic niche width of the labrisomid blenny Auchenionchus variolosus (Valenciennes, 1836) was studied during its larval development (3.93–17.26 mm standard length). Individuals were collected in October 2012 and October 2013 in nearshore waters (

Resenha sobre o livro MULHERES E CRIME: PERSPETIVAS SOBRE INTERVENÇÃO, VIOLÊNCIA E RECLUSÃO organizado pelas professoras Sílvia Gomes e Rafaela Granja

Multidisciplinary research in the area of female crime and delinquency has increasingly focused on transgressive girls and women. Despite this, discussions on the link between gender and crime or delinquency still have a long way to go. In order to explore critically and reflectively the interdisciplinary views on this link, favouring a gender-sensitive reading, we proposed this book. Through the exploration of girls’ and women’s relationships with delinquency and crime, as well as with the justice system, our goal is to highlight the heterogeneity of girls’ and women’s experiences, while debating convergences and divergences between them. While obviously not ignoring international studies on the phenomena, the discussion produced here is focused on the Portuguese context, giving visibility to other geographies in scientific investigation.

This chapter is the result of a qualitative investigation in which the main goal was to understand the problem of feminine juvenile delinquency, by studying the experiences and the meanings of the transgressions in the life paths of girls under educational court orders (executed in a juvenile detention center or within the community) in Portugal. Through the voices of the girls it was possible to create profiles of the transgressive paths that show the heterogeneity of the phenomenon of feminine juvenile delinquency and propose a way of overcoming the victimization-versus-agency dichotomy.

This study assesses seasonal variation in the morphology and diet of juveniles and adults of the Easter Island endemic goby Kelloggella disalvoi from intertidal pools during September-October 2015 (spring) and June-July 2016 (winter), utilizing geometric morphometric and gut-content analyses. A set of 16 landmarks was digitized in 128 individuals. Shape changes related to size changes (i.e. allometry) were low (18·6%) and were seasonally similar. Body shape changes were mainly dorsoventral (44·2% of variance) and comprised posteroventral displacement of the premaxilla and bending of the body. The latter included vertical displacement of the anterior portion of the first and second dorsal fins and the entire base of the caudal fin. Diets mainly comprised developmental stages of harpacticoid copepods (from eggs to adults), ostracods, isopods, gastropods and bivalves. Also, trophic niche breadth remained constant throughout development and did not vary between seasons. Nonetheless, significant dietary differences were detected in specimens collected during spring (main prey items: harpacticoid copepods and copepod eggs) and winter (harpacticoid copepods and copepod nauplii). Finally, there was weak but significant covariation between diet and morphology: molluscivores were characterized by having an inferior mouth gape, whereas planktivores had an anteriorly directed premaxilla.

Tendo por pano de fundo as profundas mudancas demograficas, sociais e economicas registradas nos ultimos anos no tecido (sub)urbano em Portugal, neste artigo promove-se um dialogo dinâmico entre duas investigacoes qualitativas desenvolvidas pelas autoras com criancas e jovens envolvidos em violencia e delinquencia na sociedade portuguesa. No entrecruzamento entre os principais resultados de ambas, centra-se o olhar sobre como criancas e jovens representam a sua participacao em atos de violencia e delinquencia em contexto urbano e como sentem a exposicao a violencia urbana. Ter em consideracao o olhar das criancas e dos jovens sobre os problemas sociais que os afetam abre horizontes que remetem para a sua compreensao como atores sociais na construcao da realidade e da mudanca social nas mais variadas dimensoes. Deste modo, as formas como percecionam, representam e se relacionam com desordens e violencia nos locais onde residem nao podem ser dissociadas dos processos de socializacao e modos de vida que ai desenvolvem e sobre os quais tambem intervem. Traz-se ainda para discussao a influencia da dimensao do genero nestas problematicas, salientando as diferentes expressoes que estes fenomenos assumem, bem como determinados contornos identificados no processo de aprendizagem social da delinquencia.

Este artigo resulta da investigação que foi desenvolvida no âmbito da minha tese de doutoramento em Sociologia que procurou entender a problemática da delinquência juvenil feminina, especificamente as experiências e os significados da transgressão nos percursos de vida de raparigas. Assumindo como referente empírico as jovens em cumprimento de medidas tutelares educativas analisaram-se processos individuais e realizaram -se entrevistas, cujo cruzamento permitiu explorar os contextos e os discursos dominantes e traçar percursos transgressivos. This article results from a research that was developed as part of my doctoral thesis in sociology about the experiences and meaning of transgression in the life paths of girls. Assuming that the empirical referent of this study included girls in compliance with educational court orders, individual cases were analysed and interviews were carried out. Their intersection allowed for the exploration of contexts and dominant discourses, and of pathways of transgression. Cet article est le résultat de la recherche qui a été réalisé dans le cadre de ma thèse de doctorat en sociologie qui a eu pour but de comprendre le problème de la délinquance juvénile féminine, et en particulier les expériences et les significations de la transgression dans les trajets de la vie des jeunes filles. En ayant comme référence empirique des jeunes filles soumises à des mesures de tutelle éducative, nous avons analysé les dossiers individuels et réalisé des entretiens qui ont permis d’explorer les contextes et les discours dominants et de définir les parcours transgressifs.

Título: CONFIGURAÇÕES 20 / DEZEMBRO 2017 Diretora: Ana Paula Pereira Marques Diretora-Adjunta: Ana Maria Brandão Conselho Consultivo: Ana Nunes de Almeida (Univ. Lisboa), António Colomer (Univ. Polit.. Valência), António Lucas Marín (Univ. Complutense), Carlos Alberto da Silva (Univ. Évora), Claude-Michel Loriaux (Univ. Católica de Lovaina), Daniel Bertaux (CNRS, Paris), Elísio Estanque (Univ. Coimbra), François Dubet (Univ. Bordéus), Ilona Kovács (Univ. Téc. de Lisboa), James R. Taylor (Univ...

Se deduce y analiza el modelo matemático de la ebullición en las calderas de tipo pirotubular teniendo en cuenta los primeros estudios de nucleación, y los postulados de carácter empírico que desarrollaron las ecuaciones de comportamiento de evaporación. Se observa la cantidad de energía que es capaz de recibir el agua, detallando los mecanismos por los cuales lo hace. Con estos valores se calcula el coeficiente de transferencia de calor por convección generado en la ebullición, dependiendo de la presión de operación a la cual trabaja la caldera. Además, se calcula el tamaño de las burbujas que se crean alrededor de las superficies de calentamiento, según la orientación horizontal de los tubos y el hogar. The mathematical model of boiling in firetube boilers is deduced and analyzed taking into account the first nucleation studies, and the empirical postulates that developed the evaporation behavior equations. The amount of energy that water is capable of receiving is observed, detailing the mechanisms by which it does so. With these values it is possible to calculate the coefficient of heat transfer by convection generated in boiling, depending on the operating pressure at which the boiler works. In addition, the size of the bubbles created around the heating surfaces is calculated according to the horizontal orientation of the pipes and the home.

Com a devida vênia, por estar a meter a foice em seara alheia, pois souapenas uma diletante, quer da história, quer da literatura, defendo que existeuma relação intrínseca entre história e literatura, ou seja, ambas se subsidiam,sobretudo, se tivermos em atenção os países africanos, nos quais aindapersiste uma cultura de oralidade.