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El abordaje de la violencia de género en la escuela ha sido asumido desde los lineamientos de gestión, el rol del docente, los cambios de actitudes de los estudiantes, entre otros enfoques. Sin embargo, no se conoce cómo se vienen aplicando las nuevas tecnologías para su detección temprana directamente por los alumnos. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una revisión sistemática que permita fundamentar teóricamente temas relacionados al uso de herramientas tecnológicas en una red de vigilancia, a fin de prevenir la violencia de género desde los métodos educativos. Al amparo de considerar solo los trabajos que guardan relación con el tema sobre el enfoque STEAM en la educación, se destaca el hecho de que las publicaciones consultadas responden a los últimos cinco años. Para ello, se realizó una revisión sistemática, con el método PRISMA, en bases de datos científicas de impacto como Scielo, Scopus y EBSCO. Una vez realizado el análisis, se llegó a la conclusión que los estudios de esta metodología ayudan al desarrollo de métodos de aprendizaje, que con el empleo de las tecnologías propician la detección temprana del acoso y la violencia de género en la escuela.

This study inquired about the use of cameras in the remote teaching video conference and the students’ perceptions of privacy. Participants were students studying for a bachelor’s degree in the English Language at the Universidad Veracruzana who were exposed to remote teaching with the use of videoconferencing platforms. The research had a mixed-method approach. A semi-structured interview was conducted to collect qualitative data and the survey collected ordinal data using the non-parametric method. Tendency graphics showed the ranks for each topic and students’ perceptions, and participants' quotations derived from the interview. Results showed privacy was not the students’ concern, but the ISP, which affected the appropriate image transference. Findings described that improving social interaction is essential when cameras are turned on, but students preferred saving wideband for audioconference. No perception of abuse or invasion of privacy using cameras was shown, but most preferred cameras to be turned off.

Invasive infections caused by filamentous fungi have increased considerably due to the alteration of the host's immune response. Recently, Aspergillus terreus is considered an emerging pathogen and has shown resistance to amphotericin B treatment, resulting in high mortality. The development of fungal biofilm is a virulence factor, and it has been described in some cases of invasive aspergillosis. In addition, although the general composition of fungal biofilms is known, findings related to biofilms of a lipid nature are rarely reported. In this study, we present the identification of a clinical strain of A. terreus by microbiological and molecular tools, also its in vitro biofilm development capacity: i) Biofilm formation was quantified by Crystal Violet (CV) and reduction of tetrazolium salts assays (MTT), and simultaneously the stages of biofilm development were described by Scanning Electron Microscopy in High Resolution (SEM-HR). ii) Characterization of the organizational structure of the biofilm was performed by SEM-HR. The hyphal networks developed on the surface, the abundant air channels created between the ECM (extracellular matrix) and the hyphae fused in anastomosis were described. Also, the presence of microhyphae is reported. iii) The chemical composition of the ECM was analyzed by SEM-HR and CLSM (Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy). Proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids and a relevant presence of lipid components were identified. Some structures of apparent waxy appearance were highlighted by SEM-HR and backscatter-electron diffraction, for which CLSM was previously performed. To our knowledge, this work is the first description of a lipid-type biofilm in filamentous fungi, specifically of the species A. terreus from a clinical isolate.

El objetivo de esta investigación cualitativa, estudio de caso, fue describir el impacto que ha tenido la pandemia en los procesos de enseñanza en los docentes de idiomas con clases presenciales y la necesidad que tienen de capacitación y formación curricular en saberes digitales. El proceso de análisis se llevó a cabo mediante la aplicación de una encuesta semiestructurada a un grupo conveniente de participantes que prefieren la modalidad presencial forzados a instruir en ambientes de aprendizaje virtual y asistencia remota por primera vez durante la pandemia COVID-19. Se utilizó las dimensiones de las competencias digitales del Marco Común Europeo para la medición de los niveles de dominio de las competencias digitales. Se recurrió al análisis temático. Se categorizaron los temas y en algunos casos se agruparon algunas instancias en subcategorías. Se retomaron los resultados y hallazgos en combinación con la presentación de gráficas descriptivas, tablas y menciones de los participantes. Se recalca que esta investigación se enfoca en recuperar las percepciones de un momento, grupo y situación específica. Los participantes manifestaron haber superado los retos de la competencia digital que se necesitó durante el aislamiento social para atender a los grupos en asistencia remota y de manera virtual. Los dominios de las competencias digitales de los participantes son aceptables, pero aún quedan dimensiones de las competencias digitales por desarrollar. Se manifiesta una necesidad de capacitación de los participantes en las cinco dimensiones, las cuales, de acuerdo con los datos, se deberían incluir en la formación de los futuros docentes de lenguas.

Identifying and monitoring the reactivation of faults and opening of fractures affecting low permeability, sealing formations in natural underground storage complexes such as Carbon Capture and Storage projects and Nuclear Waste repositories is essential to ensure storage integrity and containment. Although passive seismic monitoring can be effective for detecting induced failure, stress accumulation and fault reactivation can occur aseismically in clay-rich formations, preventing early failure to be recognized. Here, we investigate the potential of applying strain monitoring with fiber-optics sensing technologies to assess in-situ changing stress conditions at high spatial and temporal resolution.We present results of fiber-optic sensing monitoring during the FS-B experiment, a controlled activation of a fault zone affecting the Opalinus Clay Formation in the Mont Terri underground Laboratory (Switzerland). Six constant flowrate water injections induced the hydraulic opening of the fault. A hydraulic connection between the injector and a monitoring borehole occurred, developing a flow path sub-parallel to the fault strike. A 2 km long fiber-optic cable looped through 10 monitoring boreholes surrounding and crossing the fault zone was used for distributed acoustic and strain sensing (DAS and DSS) before, during and after injection. Continuous low-frequency (< 1 Hz) DAS data reveals mechanical strain associated with fault reactivation. Increasing extensional strain is recorded near the point of injection and near the newly formed hydraulic flow path, reaching a value of ~150 μɛ. Post-activation residual strain of ~60 μɛ suggests irreversible fault zone deformation. Smaller strain changes are recorded above and below the high pressure flow path, suggesting a mechanically disturbed zone larger than the leakage zone. Low-frequency DAS data are consistent with co-located DSS strain data, local, 3D displacement measurements of fault movements and P-wave velocity anomalies derived from Continuous Active Source Seismic Monitoring (CASSM). Our results are promising and demonstrate the potential of fiber-optic sensing as a powerful tool for monitoring spatio-temporal evolution of fault reactivation processes and leakage in clay formations induced by fluid pressurization.

In response to pollution, microorganisms showed unique mechanisms to resist and detoxify harmful metals. This study shows the relationship between presence of heavy metals and plant growth regulator compounds. Additionally, the responses of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa YR29 isolated from the rhizosphere of Prosopis sp. growing in a polluted mine jal in Mexico are presented. This research carries out a phenotypic characterization of R. mucilaginosa to identify response mechanisms to metals and confirm its potential as a bioremediation agent. Firstly, Plant Growth-Promoting (PGP) compounds were assayed using the Chrome Azurol S (CAS) medium and the Salkowski method. Then, to clarify its heavy metal tolerance mechanisms, several techniques were performed, such as optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) supplemented with assorted detectors. Likewise, scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) was used for elementary mapping of the cell. Further, yeast viability after all treatments was confirmed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The results have suggested that R. mucilaginosa could be a PGP yeast capable of triggering Pb2+ biosorption (representing 22.93% of the total cell surface area, the heavy metal is encapsulated between the cell wall and the microcapsule), and Pb2+ bioaccumulation (representing 11% of the total weight located in the vacuole). Based on these results, R. mucilaginosa as a bioremediation agent and its wide range of useful mechanisms for ecological purposes are highlighted.

Sambucus canadensis is used in traditional medicine mainly in indigenous communities as an anti-inflammatory, antiviral, to treat cough, fever and other ailments, however, its use must be validated on scientific bases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic and cytotoxic effect of the ethanol extract of Sambucus canadensis in meristem cells of Allium sativum with 5 treatments at concentrations of 125, 250, 500, 1000 and 1500 mg/L. Two thousand cells were counted per treatment; the mitotic index (MI) and nuclear abnormalities (NA) were evaluated. Data were analyzed using variance analysis (ANOVA) and Chi square (X2) (p < 0.05). Root growth was found to be inhibited based on the concentration with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). As the dose and exposure time of the ethanol extract increased, the MI decreased. The NA increased at the highest concentrations of 500, 1000 and 1500 mg/L and these differences were statistically significant compared to the control (p = 0.001). With the results obtained, it can be shown that the species has antiproliferative effects and genotoxic activity on the Allium sativum cell cycle, which can be extrapolated to other types of eukaryotic cells. Therefore, despite being a plant with health benefits, moderate use and low concentrations are recommended to avoid harmful effects.

The Imperial Valley is a seismically active basin occupying the southern end of the Salton trough, an area of rapid extension, high heat flow, and abundant geothermal resources. This report describes an ongoing large-scale distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) recording study acquiring high-density seismic data on an array between Calipatria and Imperial, California. This 27 km array, operating on dark fiber since 9 November 2020, has recorded a wealth of local seismic events as well as ambient noise. The goal of the broader Imperial Valley Dark Fiber project is to evaluate passive DAS as a tool for geothermal exploration and monitoring. This report is intended to provide installation information, noise characteristics, and metadata for future studies utilizing the data set. Because of the relatively small number of basin-scale DAS studies that have been conducted to date, we also provide a range of lessons learned during the deployment to assist future researchers exploring this acquisition strategy.

Introduction: Rodents influence the processes of succession and regeneration in tropical forests, functioning as important dispersers and predators of seeds and plants. In this study, we describe aspects of the population structure and dynamics, and characterize the microhabitat and composition of the feces of the semi-tree-dwelling rodents Peromyscus yucatanicusand Peromyscus mexicanus in tropical forests of Quintana Roo and Veracruz, in Mexico. Methods: We trapped Peromyscus yucatanicus from September 2014 to February 2015, with 122 Sherman traps between 2 to 10 m of height in 62 trees. Peromyscus mexicanus was trapped from March to September of 2015, with 105 Sherman traps between 0-11 m of height on 57 trees. We characterized the microhabitat, identified the trees, and calculated the canopy openness in the sites where individuals were trapped. We collected and analyzed the composition of the feces of each species. Results: We captured 48 individuals of Peromyscus yucatanicus at an average height of 2.58 m above ground level. Its population density was 26.6 ind/ha, with reproductive activity in the dry season. The average canopy openness was 7.75 %. Their feces mainly contained seeds, fruit pulp and starch. We recorded 54 individuals of Peromyscus mexicanus at an average height of 1.15 m. Its population density was 20.83 ind/ha, with reproductive activity in both dry and rainy seasons. The canopy openness was 4.78 % (dry season) and 4.5 % (rainy season). Their feces mainly contained fruit pulp, starch and chitin remains in both seasons. Discussion and conclusions: The captured of rodents were higher on trees with small diameters and low leaf litter percentage; the rainy season favored the captures. Both species were mainly captured in sites with a covering of organic matter on the soil and in sites with higher vegetal cover and reduced canopy openness. Conservation of a diverse tropical forest is fundamental for the conservation of both semiarboreal rodents.

La preservación de los saberes en repositorios es vital para las instituciones educativas. Sin embargo, no existe un estudio comprensivo que identifique el estado de la cuestión de los repositorios educativos. El objetivo de esta investigación documental fue aplicar un meta-análisis cualitativo con enfoque mixto para cumplir con tal fin. Se analizaron 194 artículos de investigación obtenidos en las bases de datos ScienceDirect y Dialnet. Los resultados sugieren que el 65% de estos documentos (126) aborda artículos sobre la disciplina educativa y, en esta área, en el 2015 se hicieron el mayor número de publicaciones. España es el país que desataca en producción científica en este sentido. El objetivo recurrente en esos estudios es el análisis situacional y la metodología más utilizada es cualitativa. México ha tenido una participación destacada, pero insuficiente en este tema. En conclusión, se puntualiza la necesidad de aumentar las exploraciones sobre repositorios dedicados al almacén de objetos de aprendizaje y desarrollo de software educativo, así como un estudio conceptual para ordenar y clasificar la creciente proliferación de repositorios de diverso tipo.

Seismic tube waves, produced by flexure of the well boundary, pressure changes in the fluid in the well, and deformation of the material immediately surrounding the well, are particularly sensitive to variations in the state of the well. We evaluate a direct approach for generating and observing tube waves as a means of detecting well damage. While we find that it can be difficult to reliably excite observable tube waves without a very strong surface source, time-frequency techniques can be employed to increase the detectability of tube wave reflections. New technologies, particularly distributed acoustic sensing, hold great promise for evaluating well integrity by monitoring tube waves, temperature changes, and seismic noise due to well deformation and fluid leakage.

Supplementary Figure 5 from Different S/M Checkpoint Responses of Tumor and Non–Tumor Cell Lines to DNA Replication Inhibition

Supplementary Figure 8 from Different S/M Checkpoint Responses of Tumor and Non–Tumor Cell Lines to DNA Replication Inhibition

Supplementary Figure 7 from Different S/M Checkpoint Responses of Tumor and Non–Tumor Cell Lines to DNA Replication Inhibition

Supplementary Figure 2 from Different S/M Checkpoint Responses of Tumor and Non–Tumor Cell Lines to DNA Replication Inhibition

Supplementary Methods, Figure Legends 3-8 from Different S/M Checkpoint Responses of Tumor and Non–Tumor Cell Lines to DNA Replication Inhibition

Supplementary Figure 4 from Different S/M Checkpoint Responses of Tumor and Non–Tumor Cell Lines to DNA Replication Inhibition

Supplementary Figure 6 from Different S/M Checkpoint Responses of Tumor and Non–Tumor Cell Lines to DNA Replication Inhibition

Cell cycle checkpoint abrogation, especially the inhibition of Chk1 in combination with DNA-damaging treatments, has been proposed as a promising way of sensitizing cancer cells. However, less is known about the possibility to selectively affect tumor cells when they are treated with agents that block DNA synthesis in combination with replication checkpoint inhibitors. Here, we present clear insights in the different responses of tumor and non-transformed cells to the inhibition of DNA replication with hydroxyurea in combination with checkpoint abrogation via inhibition of Ataxia telangiectasia–mutated– (ATM) and Rad3-related/ATM (ATR/ATM) and Chk1 kinases. Interestingly, we find that non-transformed cell lines activate ATR/ATM- and Chk1-independent pathways in response to replication inhibition to prevent mitotic entry with unreplicated DNA. In contrast, tumor cell lines such as HCT116 and HeLa cells rely entirely on Chk1 activity for a proper response to replication inhibitors. Our results show that p38 is activated in response to hydroxyurea treatment and collaborates with Chk1 to prevent mitotic entry in non-transformed cell lines by maintaining cyclin B1/Cdk1 complexes inactive. Furthermore, DNA replication arrest down-regulates cyclin B1 promoter activity in non-transformed cells, but not in tumor cells in a Chk1- and p38-independent way. Thus, our data show that non-transformed cells present a more robust DNA replication checkpoint response compared with tumor cells that involves activation of the p38 pathway. We show that some of these responses to replication block can be lost in tumor cells, causing a defective checkpoint and providing a rationale for tumor-selective effects of combined therapies. [Cancer Res 2007;67(24):11648–56]

Supplementary Figure 3 from Different S/M Checkpoint Responses of Tumor and Non–Tumor Cell Lines to DNA Replication Inhibition

Early life social interactions in gregarious mammals provide an important source of stimulation required for the development of species-typical behaviors. In the present study, complete deprivation of maternal and littermate contact through artificial rearing was used to examine the role of early social stimulation on copulatory behavior and the ejaculate in adult rats. We found that artificially reared naïve male rats were sexually motivated; nevertheless, they did not acquire the level of sexual experience that typically occurs during copulatory training. Disrupted expression of sexual experience of artificially reared rats was demonstrated by an inconsistent pattern of ejaculatory behavior across training tests. Artificial tactile stimulation applied during isolation prevented this disruption and rats achieved ejaculation in most copulatory tests. Despite the irregularity of ejaculatory behavior in isolated rats, their sperm count and seminal plug were similar to control maternally reared (sexually experienced) and artificially-reared rats that received tactile stimulation. These results suggest that tactile sensory information provided by the mother and/or littermates to the offspring is crucial for the development of copulatory behavior. The absence of social and/or tactile stimulation during early life compromises the ability of male rats to gain sexual experience in adulthood.

A palladium-catalyzed asymmeric conjugate addition of aryl boronic acids to medium-sized cycloalkenones followed by intramolecular aldol trapping is reported.

The Minamata Convention on Mercury (Article 4) prohibits the manufacture, import, or export of skin-lightening products containing mercury concentrations aboveThe objective of this study was to increase our understanding of worldwide human mercury exposure from skin-lightening products.A systematic search of peer-reviewed scientific literature was performed for relevant articles in four databases (PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, and TOXLINE). The search strategy, eligibility criteria, and data-extraction methods were establishedThis review was based on data contained in 41 peer-reviewed scientific papers from 22 countries worldwide published between 2000 and 2022. In total, we captured mercury concentration values from 787 skin-lightening product samples [overall pooled central median mercury level wasThis review suggests that mercury widely exists as an active ingredient in many skin-lightening products worldwide and that users are at risk of variable and often high exposures. These synthesized findings identify data gaps and help increase our understanding of the health risks associated with the use of these products. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP10808.

The demand for metallic nanoparticles synthesized using green methods has increased due to their various therapeutic and clinical applications, and plant biotechnology may be a potential resource facilitating sustainable methods of AgNPs synthesis. In this study, we evaluate the capacity of extracts from

BackgroundThe Minamata Convention on Mercury (Article 4) prohibits the manufacture, import or export of skin-lightening products containing mercury concentrations above 1 μg/g. However, there is a lack of knowledge surrounding the global prevalence of mercury-added skin-lightening products.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to increase our understanding of worldwide human mercury exposure and associated health risks from the use of skin-lightening products.MethodsA systematic search of peer-reviewed scientific literature was performed in four databases (PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, and Toxline). The initial search in July of 2018 identified 1,711 unique scientific articles, of which 34 were ultimately deemed eligible for inclusion after iterative screens at the title, abstract, and whole text levels. A second search was performed in November of 2020 using the same methods, of which another 7 scientific articles were included. All papers were organized according to four data groups 1) “Mercury in products”, 2) “Usage of products”, 3) “Human biomarkers of exposure”; and 4) “Health impacts”, prior to data extraction and synthesis.ResultsThis review was based on data contained within 41 peer-reviewed scientific papers from 22 countries worldwide published between 2000 and 2020. In total, we captured mercury concentration values from 787 skin-lightening product samples (overall pooled central median mercury level was 0.49 μg/g, IQR: 0.02 – 5.9) and 1,042 human biomarker measurements from 863 individuals. We also synthesized usage information from 3,898 individuals, and self-reported health impacts associated with using mercury-added products from 832 individuals.DiscussionThis review suggests that mercury widely exists as an active ingredient in many skin-lightening products worldwide, and that users are at risk of variable, and often high exposures. These synthesized findings help increase our understanding of the health risks associated with the use of these products.

The TecNM campus Lerdo is developing a Web Based System for the Management of the Residence Procedures (SIGEPRORE), in order to adhere to the ISO 9001:2015, which this institution of higher education currently operates under, for which it is necessary to automate the current professional residency quality management system. SIGEPRORE is an institutional software package designed to support all those involved in the professional residency procedure. It has a new and improved web design, which allows the integration of new modules, functionalities, and technological tools for increased user optimization. Participants in this project are students from the engineering degree in computer systems of the ITSL and professors’ part of the academic body in consolidation "Software engineering applied to solutions". The agile methodology used as a guideline to develop the project was the SCRUM. The impact of the project is of great relevance as it is intended to establish a web system which will contain all the operating policies of the professional residence and quality management system.

The object of this research was the comparative analysis of the students assisted by the Institutional Tutoring Program (PIT) of the Tecnologico Nacional de Mexico and who are enrolled in different academic engineering studies. The research was done in three technological institutes in the Comarca Lagunera. A comparative study with t-test was carried out between the administrative and IT study areas, with a confidence level of 97%. Among the findings, it is worth noting that the tutored students of administrative careers are more sociable than their peers in the IT area, but these students have more confidence in their tutor to talk about their personal problems; students who use institutional support services perceive that their participation in the tutorial program improves their grades, they ask their tutor for help and are more willing to listen to his advice and recommendations. Regarding the type of family, students who live in families with both parents are more daring than those who come from another family type.

As a consequence of industrial mining activity, high volumes of tailings are scattered around Mexico. Frequently, tailings contain heavy metals (HM) which entail threats against all organisms. The aim of this research was to identify plants and root fungal endophytes in polymetallic polluted tailings with the potential to be used in strategies of bioremediation. Four deposits of mine wastes, situated in a semi-arid region near urban and semi-urban populations, and agricultural areas, were studied. The physical and chemical characteristics of substrates, accumulation of HM in plant tissues, root colonization between arbuscular mycorrizal (AMF) and dark septate endophyte (DSE) fungi, and the identification of DSE fungi isolated from the roots of two plant species were studied. Substrates from all four sites exhibited extreme conditions: high levels in sand; low water retention; poor levels in available phosphorus and nitrogen content; and potentially toxic levels of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and zinc (Zn). The native plants Lupinus campestris, Tagetes lunulata, and Cerdia congestiflora, as well as the exotic Cortaderia selloana and Asphodelus fistulosus, demonstrated a relevant potential role in the phytostabilization and/or phytoextraction of Pb, Cd, and Zn, according to the accumulation of metal in roots and translocation to shoots. Roots of eleven analyzed plant species were differentially co-colonized between AMF and DSE fungi; the presence of arbuscules and microsclerotia suggested an active physiological interaction. Fourteen DSE fungi were isolated from the inner area of roots of T. lunulata and Pennisetum villosum; molecular identification revealed the predominance of Alternaria and other Pleosporales. The use of native DSE fungi could reinforce the establishment of plants for biological reclamation of mine waste in semi-arid climate. Efforts are needed in order to accelerate a vegetation practice of mine wastes under study, which can reduce, in turn, their potential ecotoxicological impact on organisms, human populations, and agricultural areas.

In humans, the pituitary gland is covered by a fibrous capsule and is considered a continuation of the meningeal sheath. However, in rodents some studies concluded that only the pars tuberalis (PT) and pars nervosa (PN) are enwrapped by the pia mater, while others showed that the whole gland is covered by this sheath. At PT the median eminence subarachnoid drains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to its cisternal system representing a pathway to the hypothalamus. In the present study we examined the rat pituitary capsule to elucidate its configuration, its physical interaction with the pituitary border and its relationship with the CSF. Furthermore, we also revisited the histology of the pituitary cleft and looked whether CSF drained in it. To answer such questions, we used scanning and transmission electron microscopy, intracerebroventricular infusion of Evan´s blue, fluorescent beads, and sodium fluorescein. The latter was measured in the pars distalis (PD) and various intracranial tissues. We found a pituitary capsule resembling leptomeninges, thick at the dorsal side of the pars intermedia (PI) and PD, thicker at the level of PI in contiguity with the PN and thinner at the rostro-ventral side as a thin membrane of fibroblast-like cells embedded in a fibrous layer. The capsule has abundant capillaries on all sides. Our results showed that the CSFs bathe between the capsule and the surface of the whole gland, and ciliate cells are present in the pituitary border. Our data suggest that the pituitary gland intercommunicates with the central nervous system (CNS) through the CSF.

Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) is a common threat to cereal crops in which the grain maturation phase takes place under rainy, moist conditions. Susceptibility to PHS is higher in sorghum genotypes displaying low levels of seed dormancy before harvest maturity. Other attributes such as glume or panicle morphology may also affect susceptibility to PHS. Breeding for resistance to PHS in grain sorghum requires the identification of grain physiological and morphological attributes affecting this trait, and a protocol for phenotyping and rating genotypes according to their susceptibility to PHS. In this work, we tested germination under laboratory conditions using detached grains and intact panicles for a panel of 20 sorghum genotypes including 11 parental lines, 6 hybrids and 3 reference inbred lines with contrasting PHS response. Records for natural sprouting in the field for these genotypes were also included in the analysis. Multivariate analyses of germination data allowed separation of genotypes into two major categories (resistant and susceptible to PHS). Laboratory germination data correlated significantly with PHS in the field. In most genotypes, the glumes had a significant, inhibitory effect on germination. The low levels of grain dormancy were observed among high tannin backgrounds, and vice versa, indicating that a pigmented testa alone does not provide resistance to PHS. Altogether, the phenotyping protocol allowed the classification of sorghum genotypes according to their susceptibility to PHS and the identification of different attributes useful for breeding for PHS resistance in this crop.

El presente artículo de investigación da cuenta de los avances del proyecto de investigación A-PIDC-246: “Producción, visibilidad y vinculación del conocimiento resultante de proyectos de investigación en la Universidad Nacional de la Matanza Decenio 1994-2003”, radicado en el Departamento de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales de la misma universidad, y que forma parte del Programa: “Gestión y Vinculación del Conocimiento en Ciencia y Tecnología en la Universidad Nacional de la Matanza”. Los resultados parciales alcanzados en el proyecto, -focalizados en la producción académica derivada de proyectos del Programa de Incentivos a docentes-investigadores de la Secretaría de Políticas Universitarias acreditados en el Departamento de Ciencias Económicas de la UNLaM durante los años1994 a 1999-ha permitido establecer una estimación de la productividad alcanzada a partir del relevamiento del cuerpo documental compuesto por cincuenta informes finales de investigación analizados en cuanto a los registros de producción científico-académica y vinculación con organismos diversos en ellos detectados. Sumado a esto último se ha establecido también la constitución por género de los integrantes de los proyectos de investigación y la visibilidad estimada de las producciones detectadas. Fil: Ezeiza Pohl, Carlos Enrique. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina. Fil: Galardo, Verónica Elisa. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina. Fil: Rodríguez, Verónica. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina. Fil: Goncalves, Alejando José. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina. Fil: Bertuné Fatgalá, Mirta Natalia. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina. Fil: Fontan, Silvia Graciela. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina. Fil: Ferrero, Eduardo Daniel. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina. Fil: Castillo, Alicia Susana. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina. Fil: Juárez, Marcelo Adrián. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina. Fil: Lazarte, María Belén. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina. Fil: Gómez, Gabriela Ángela. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina. Fil: Madrid, Laura Cristina. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina. Fil: Bosco, Gabriel Osvaldo. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina. Fil: Ezeiza Pohl, Ana Carolina. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina. Fil: Iribarne, Alba Ester. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina. Fil: Artola, Analía Yael. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina. Fil: Saracino, Sandra Patricia. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina. Fil: Brunetti, Juan. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina. Fil: Field, Marcela. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina. Fil: Ormart, Elizabeth. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina. Fil: De Luca, Jorge Misael. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina. Fil: Martínez, Miranda. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina. Fil: Moreno, Julieta. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina. Fil: Pistarchi, Natalia. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina. Fil: Olthoff, Belén. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina.

Glycoproteins and glycopeptides are an interesting focus of research, because of their potential use as therapeutic agents, since they are related to carbohydrate-carbohydrate, carbohydrate-protein, and carbohydrate-lipid interactions, which are commonly involved in biological processes. It has been established that natural glycoconjugates could be an important source of templates for the design and development of molecules with therapeutic applications. However, isolating large quantities of glycoconjugates from biological sources with the required purity is extremely complex, because these molecules are found in heterogeneous environments and in very low concentrations. As an alternative to solving this problem, the chemical synthesis of glycoconjugates has been developed. In this context, several methods for the synthesis of glycopeptides in solution and/or solid-phase have been reported. In most of these methods, glycosylated amino acid derivatives are used as building blocks for both solution and solid-phase synthesis. The synthetic viability of glycoconjugates is a critical parameter for allowing their use as drugs to mitigate the impact of microbial resistance and/or cancer. However, the chemical synthesis of glycoconjugates is a challenge, because these molecules possess multiple reaction sites and have a very specific stereochemistry. Therefore, it is necessary to design and implement synthetic routes, which may involve various protection schemes but can be stereoselective, environmentally friendly, and high-yielding. This review focuses on glycopeptide synthesis by recapitulating the progress made over the last 15 years.

El desarrollo sexual del adolescente está implicado por procesos físicos, aceptación de la imagen corporal, descubrimiento de las necesidades sexuales, desarrollo de la personalidad, aprendizaje de las relaciones interpersonales y establecimiento de un sistema propio de valores sexuales. Por ello es importante estudiar la percepción de la primera relación sexual, correspondiendo a la elaboración o expresión de un juicio a partir de la experiencia, donde influyen creencias, normas sociales, sistemas de poder y significados previos que regulan el comportamiento. El tipo de investigación es descriptivo, de diseño transversal, donde las variables principales corresponden a la percepción de la primera relación sexual en adolescentes, y las variables asociadas son: V1–dimensión cognitiva, V2–dimensión afectiva y V3–dimensión conductual. Estas fueron analizadas de acuerdo a las siguientes categorías: a) comienzo de la vida sexual b) embarazo y métodos anticonceptivos, c) infecciones de transmisión sexual y d) redes sociales. Para ello se llevaron a cabo entrevistas semiestructuradas a cinco adolescentes del estado de Hidalgo, que tuvieron su primera relación sexual, analizando el contenido intrínseco de manera vertical y horizontal. En esta investigación se identifica el comportamiento de la primera relación sexual, así como la influencia de las redes sociales. Los adolescentes se encuentran en constante cambio en sus roles y estereotipos en torno a su sexualidad y prácticas sexuales, aunque tienen información no hay percepción de riesgo, ni conductas preventivas.

Este artículo pretende exponer algunas nociones conceptuales y jurisprudenciales alrededor de una realidad jurídica vigente. Esto es, la indebida interferencia de la justicia constitucional –a través de la acción de protección–, en el arbitraje. Para dicho propósito, se abordarán temas relacionados a la naturaleza de las decisiones arbitrales y de las garantías jurisdiccionales.

Objective: Vocal fold paralysis is an uncommon problem in children. Clinical presentation covers a wide range of signs and symptoms. Our objective is to evaluate de efficacy and security of the Endoscopic Arytenoid Abduction Lateropexy (EAAL) in pediatric patients with vocal cord paralysis and to present the results. Material and method: From January 2011 to September 2018 10 patients with vocal fold paralysis underwent examination and treatment. The mean age at treatment was 4.87 years old (2-16). The parameters considered at the pre-/postsurgical time for the clinical assessment of each patient were as follows: the presence or absence of stridor and respiratory distress, the existence or nonexistence of previous tracheostomy, voice alterations, and feeding aspiration events. The mean follow-up was 49.5 months (5-104). Results: EAAL were realized successfully in 10 patients. There were no complications associated with the surgical procedure. In terms of sequelae, we noted 2 cases of minimal liquid-feeding difficulties that were alleviated within three weeks of the surgery with the help of phoniatrics reeducation, and 5 cases of mild dysphonia. In 4 cases tracheostomy was avoided, in 4 cases patients with prior tracheostomy were successfully decannulated following EAAL. Conclusions: EAAL may be selected as a first-line technique in management of vocal cord paralysis, since it is minimally invasive, easy to perform, and produces satisfactory results.