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Background. Recently, in the Russian Federation, there has been a tendency to an increase in the number of registered cases of dirofilariasis among residents living in a temperate climate zone, including in Western Siberia. The species Dirofilaria repens and Dirofilaria immitis are of clinical importance for humans. Dirofilariae are characterized by migration into the subcutaneous tissue, mucous membranes, organs of vision, internal organs. In the Omsk region, there is an increase in cases of dirofilariasis, including among children.The aim. To assess endemicity of the territory of the Omsk region in relation to pathogens of dirofilariasis.Materials and methods. The maps of the epidemiological survey of persons infected with dirofilariae for the period 2013–2020 were analyzed, parasitological and molecular biological methods examined 1155 blood samples of dogs, 2488 samples female blood-sucking mosquitoes, 26 samples of dirofilaria helminths removed from residents of the Omsk region.Results. In 18 people, the infection was regarded as local, since the infected persons had not left the Omsk region for the previous three years. Local infections are reported annually. Infection of the final owners – dogs – with dirofilaria ranges from 0.6 to 4.8 % in different years. On average, the extensiveness of the invasion was 3.0 ± 0.6 %; and the intensity of microfilaremia was 1277.68 ± 395.87 specimens/ml of blood. On the territory of Omsk and the Omsk region, 11 species of mosquitoes belonging to the genus Aedes, Ochlerotatus, Culex, Anopheles, Coquillettidia were identified. The estimated individual infection of mosquitoes of different species ranged from 0.6 % (O. flavescens) to 9.8 % (An. messeae). The total infection of vectors was 3.4 %. All positive samples were found to contain DNA of D. repens.Conclusion. The territory of the Omsk region is endemic for pathogens of dirofilariasis, in particular, D. repens. Further studies are needed to study the prevalence and species diversity of pathogens of dirofilariasis in Western Siberia, to identify the most dangerous from an epidemiological point of view, species of vectors.

The OBJECTIVE was to promote the official introduction into clinical practice of the term «fibrinothorax» as a separate nosological unit and a special form of exudative pleurisy. This term reflects the essence and timing of the pathological process in the pleural cavity and defines a specific set of necessary therapeutic and diagnostic measures.METHODS AND MATHERIALS. 67 patients with fibrinothorax of different volumes were examined and treated. Two methods of pleural cavity sanitation were used: operative (thoracoscopic) and «closed» with the use of proteolytic enzymes.RESULTS. Among 67 patients, the leading cause of fibrinothorax was nonspecific (para- and metapneumonic) pleurisy – 48 (72 %) patients. In 7 (10 %) cases, fibrinothorax was established, which complicated the course of pleurisy of tuberculous etiology. In 6 (9 %) cases, pleural effusion was a transudate, in which, against the background of repeated punctures and long periods of fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity, partial delineations in the form of fibrinothorax formed. Carcinomatous pleurisy was diagnosed in 6 (9 %) patients of the study group. Pleural cavity sanitation through the use of proteolytic enzymes was performed in 49 (73 %) of 67 patients. Thoracoscopic sanitation with biopsy for fibrinothorax was performed in 18 (27 %) patients. This material formed the basis of the concept of diagnosis of fibrinothorax and optimization of treatment.CONCLUSION. The introduction of the term «fibrinothorax» into clinical practice, reflecting the essence of this pathological condition, contributes to the formation of a treatment and diagnostic algorithm aimed at the sanitation of the pleural cavity in optimal ways.

Получены решения задач воздействия плоских ударных волн на деформируемый гранулированный слой. Исследуется трансформация волн при прохождении через упругопластический гранулированный слой с учетом и без учета изменения проницаемости слоя вследствие его деформации. При решении задач используется зависимость изменения проницаемости слоя от его сжатия, которая получена численно при моделировании сжатия симметричных фрагментов гранулированных слоев в пространственной постановке. Представлена математическая модель, описывающая в одномерном приближении взаимосвязанные процессы нестационарного деформирования плоских проницаемых гранулированных слоев, состоящих из шаровых частиц, и волновых процессов в поровом и окружающем газе. В основе модели лежат нелинейные уравнения динамики двух взаимопроникающих континуумов. В качестве межфазных сил учитываются силы сопротивления при обтекании газом шаровых частиц и силы трения Стокса. Численное решение уравнений проводится по модифицированной схеме С. К. Годунова, адаптированной к задачам динамики взаимопроникающих сред. Поверхности контакта чистого газа с пористым гранулированным слоем и поровым газом являются поверхностью разрыва пористости и проницаемости, на которых выполняются законы сохранения как на скачке пористости. Численная реализация контактных условий производится на основе решения задачи распада разрыва на скачке пористости. Численные исследования процессов нелинейного взаимодействия ударных волн с деформируемыми проницаемыми гранулированными слоями показали, что параметры проходящих и отраженных волн существенно зависят от степени обжатия гранулированных слоев. Поэтому оценку защитных свойств проницаемых преград при воздействии сильных ударных волн следует проводить с учетом изменения их проницаемости вследствие деформирования слоев.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most common types of brain tumor. Despite intensive research, patients with GBM have a poor prognosis due to a very high rate of relapse and significant side effects of the treatment, with a median survival of 14.6 months. Oncolytic viruses are considered a promising strategy to eliminate GBM and other types of cancer, and several viruses have already been introduced into clinical practice. However, identification of the factors that underly the sensitivity of tumor species to oncolytic viruses or that modulate their clinical efficacy remains an important target. Here, we show that Coxsackievirus B5 (CVB5) demonstrates high oncolytic potential towards GBM primary cell species and cell lines. Moreover, 2-deoxyglucose (2DG), an inhibitor of glycolysis, potentiates the cytopathic effects of CVB5 in most of the cancer cell lines tested. The cells in which the inhibition of glycolysis enhanced oncolysis are characterized by high mitochondrial respiratory activity and glycolytic capacity, as determined by Seahorse analysis. Thus, 2-deoxyglucose and other analogs should be considered as adjuvants for oncolytic therapy of glioblastoma multiforme.

Statement of the problem. The problem of ensuring the safety of vehicles on a multi-lane roadway of the required width of coverage is considered based on the risk-oriented approach, in accordance with the Federal law of the Russian Federation No. 184 -- FZ "on technical regulation". Results. The authors presented the applicability of the algorithm to assess the risk of interaction of vehicles on six-lane highways for determining regulatory performance; identify the required values of coating thickness for the design; decision-making on the improvement of the transverse profile when major repairs and reconstruction, as well as to develop recommendations for ODD. Conclusions. It was found that in normative documents for design of six-lane roads, the design vehicle should provide the change of normalized coating thickness, increasing it to values at which the risk of collision of vehicles does not exceed the permissible value.

Introduction. At present, high-resolution esophageal manometry is the «gold standard» for the diagnosis of esophageal achalasia, based on the determination of the integrated relaxation pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter, the value of which in the case of achalasia must exceed 15 mm Hg (MMS System). However, in some patients with clinically and radiologically confirmed achalasia, this value is normal. There is no unified view of the cause of this phenomenon. We assumed that low pressure figures may be affected by incorrect installation of the manometric catheter.Methods and materials. This research included 149 patients (61 by retrospective estimating the patients data and 88 new patients) with achalasia established during the period from January 2017 to March 2020. When it was impossible to localize the lower esophageal sphincter and take correct measurements during high-resolution manometry in new patients, the X-rays or upper endoscopy was performed to control the manometric catheter placement. If its’ placement was incorrect and the integrated relaxation pressure level was lower than 15 mmHg, repeated high-resolution manometry was performed with the over-the-guidewire manometric catheter placing.Results. In 36 patients of both groups (24.2 %), the manometric data did not correspond to esophageal achalasia; in the prospective group, 12 out of the 19 patients had incorrect manometric data due to inability to visualize lower esophageal sphincter. In the prospective group, the manometric catheter was reinstalled by a guidewire, which allowed visualizing the signs of the lower esophageal sphincter in all cases, and in 15 out of 19 patients (79 %), the integrated relaxation pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter was more than 15 mm Hg.Conclusions. In some cases, the over-the-guidewire installing makes it possible to pass catheter through the lower esophageal sphincter correctly, visualize the lower esophageal sphincter during the high-resolution manometry examination and obtain true pressure values.

The research is aimed at solving some problems of controlling the processes of monitoring the process of mine water purification by mobile technological complexes with variations in its costs and physical and chemical characteristics. The initial data are the results of discrete and continuous monitoring of the characteristics of the treated water and the technological mode of reagent-free water treatment by a mobile technological complex. The analysis of the problems that arise when choosing the observation procedures necessary to solve the problem of predicting a non-stationary random process with varying mathematical expectation, variance, and the type of distribution laws itself is performed. To ensure the stability of the water treatment process in the statistical sense, a procedure for parametric identification of the predictive model from a limited sample is proposed. The requirements for monitoring the quality of process management at the upper hierarchical level of the mine water treatment management system are formulated.

The calculation of the profile of disk cutters, excluding undercutting for any complex profile of the helical groove, is proposed. The feature of the method is in the fact that the profile is specified by a small number of control points, which, using interpolation, is increased by tens or hundreds of times. The rational profile of the cutter is investigated depending on its three setting parameters. A numerical experiment was carried out for the profile of the cutter with the optimization of the setting parameters. Keywords: disk cutter, profile, helical groove, computer-aided design, calculation zov20@mail.ru

The paper considers the problem of forced rather than self-actualized teaching of a foreign language to students, educators and representatives of other practical fields of activity. Theoretical and methodological backgrounds for solving this problem are revealed on the basis of the humanistic and activity-based traditions of psychological and pedagogical knowledge. Activity-related traditions are analyzed in regard with the potentialities of appropriate approaches to learning to stir cognitive interest while educational process. Humanistic traditions designed to individualize education are explored in the context of psycho-corrective capabilities of educational activity, its conformity to the world outlook, cultural needs and psychological characteristics of a learner. The practical side of this study consists of methodological recommendations on the application of Baitukalov’s method of teaching foreign languages. Within the framework of Baitukalov’s methodology, the activity-related aspect of sociocultural foreign-language immersion is actualized through feature films. Fragments from feature films are used for the humanization of education as well. In the paper it is also substantiated that the fragments of motion pictures recommended for memorization through role playing not only contribute to the development of the communicative competence, but also make the psycho-correcting effect on the learner’s consciousness. The paper makes emphasis on fairy-tale stories, positive situations from films, where heroes overcome external circumstances successfully and change and grow personally. Besides, a characterization of a number of feature films is given. The criteria for the selection of feature films should be based on the individual characteristics of a person. It is recommended to unite the efforts of specialists for the experience exchange of using the feature films potential. The provision of «ecological safety» (that concerns ethics, moral, etc.) and aesthetics while selecting the certain fragments of film production for education purposes is asserted as the essential problem of the noted experience exchange. Further development of Baitukalov’s methodology is suggested in the aspect of the teaching potential of feature films, as well as in increasing the efficiency of cognitive activity at the expense of equal time intervals between key semantic units (words, images, etc.) with at least threefold repetition of key information

The research considers methods of motor graders rise of efficiency by perfecting constructions of cutting elements and working organs on the basis of rise of a resource of their work. The work contains a research of interdependence of parameters of motor graders working organs by statistical methods with the purpose of detection of the basic tendencies of their development. The basic directions of designing of motor graders working organs and most perspective constructions are detected by a method of analysis of patent solutions. The formulas for account of resistance of ground to cutting by a knife with one direct and two sloping cutting edges with allowance for an angle of declination of a knife and its wear are deduced. The regularities of a wear of the cutting elements of a blade are investigated, its influence to efficiency of work and on parameters of working organs design is detected. The maximum size of wear is determined. The requirements to motor graders working equipment are defined on the basis of conducted researches, the new constructions of multiple use knives and order of their sequential replacement are developed in correspondence with the research work. It ensures the raise of efficiency of the machine by 10…15 per cent and it increases resource of knives in comparison with a traditional construction 3…4 times as much.

Assignment of surface texture parameters during product design and measurement during manufacturing are some of the important tasks of product manufacturing technology. In recent years, there has been a transition from two-dimensional (profile) surface analysis to three-dimensional (areal), the methods of measurement and filtration have changed. International and national standards use a large number of surface texture parameters. All this makes it difficult to assign the optimal set of parameters for specific operating conditions of products. In order to minimize the selection of functional parameters, a study was conducted. For this, a linear correlation was established between the parameters Smr, Spk, Svq, Spq, Vvv, Vvc, Vm, Sxp. Four surfaces of ШX15 steel products were used as samples after grinding, round grinding, superfinishing, and polishing. It was found that in 16–18 cases out of 26 there is a significant correlation with a Pearson coefficient of more than 0.8. Therefore, in engineering technology, it is sufficient to use a limited amount of functional parameters to describe the surface texture of products.

The article is dedicated to the memory of an outstanding scientist, founder and dean of the Faculty of Social Psychology at the Moscow State University of Psychology and Education (MSUPE). Mikhail Yurievich Kondratyev was a well-known researcher and practitioner in the field of social psychology, including the problems of closed social groups, status structuring of communities of different types, relations of interpersonal significance, phenomena of power and authority, to mention just a few. He was also the author of over 300 educational, scientific and methodological publications on social, penitentiary, developmental and educational psychology.

Background. The arsenal of physical methods for correcting pathological skin scars is quickly replenished, but the results of their use are often unsatisfactory. An inadequate approach to therapy, without taking into account the evaluation of their effectiveness, leads to relapses and increased growth of scar tissue or the absence of a clinically significant effect of many of them and requires strict scientific evidence in the course of benign scientific studies. Aims: Comprehensive (qualitative, quantitative, structural) analysis of evidence-based research in electronic evidence-based research databases (PEDro, PubMed, e-Library) and systematic review databases (Cochrane Library) for the period from 2000 to 2020. The clinical effects and suggested mechanisms of action of currently proven therapeutic physical factors in the treatment of patients with coronary heart disease are considered in detail. The most studied of the physical methods with proven effects are high-intensity laser technologies of high-intensity laser therapy (47%), fractional radiofrequency therapy (14%), microneedling (9%) and microdermabrasion (8%), which cause the most pronounced remodeling of the extracellular matrix of the skin in the area of scars. Conclusion. It is necessary to regularly generalize and analyze existing evidence-based studies, as well as perform new high-quality randomized controlled clinical trials to study the impact of physical correction methods on post-acne scars, which serve as the basis for developing clinical recommendations.

The article is a generalization of the path of innovative development in Russia. The methodological base includes an approach to the formation of the innovative state of the economy. As a research objective, a method of the economic evaluation of innovative development of the Russian economy has been developed. Based on the performed analysis, the authors propose a concept for regulating of innovative development of our country, providing a new quality of economic growth. As a result of the study, the authors came to the conclusion that the forming an unified plan for science and production is the basis for managing by the economy.

Simulation of elastoplastic compression of a symmetric fragment of a bundle of woven steel grids was carried out. The simulation was carried out under static and dynamic loading modes in ANSYS and ANSYS LS-DYNA computing systems. A porous mesh package is formed by overlaying the layers on top of each other while maintaining the directions of wires. Such a packet has a quasiperiodic structure; therefore, a certain symmetric fragment can be distinguished. The compression was carried out by a pair of absolutely rigid plates moving symmetrically towards each other. In the calculations, a multilinear plasticity model with isotropic hardening was used. The diagram of static deformation of the material was used which was obtained experimentally. The calculations were carried out according to the algorithm of a perfect symmetric contact of bodies without friction and with friction. The dynamic loading of a fragment of the mesh packet was carried out at a constant speed. The characteristics of the pulse and the loading rate correspond to those observed in previous experimental studies. The dynamic strain diagram was assumed to be similar to a static one with an increased yield strength. Calculations showed that in all loading modes there is a high level of internal stresses, and complex inhomogeneous stress-strain state. We investigated two factors that could cause differences in the behavior of the curves of deformation of a porous medium - the finite length of the acting pulse and the differences in the dynamic and static compression diagrams of the initial mesh material. The main influence on the dynamic behavior of a fragment of a porous packet of a steel mesh is exerted by the dynamic properties of the wire material. The strain curves of the porous fragment qualitatively change in accordance with the behavior observed in static and dynamic experiments. The final duration of the loading pulse and the friction between the wires for this type of mesh do not have a significant effect. The numerical dependences of the relative area of the normal and lateral through sections of the symmetric fragment of the grid packet on the compression deformation are obtained.

Mass spectrometry was applied to identify metabolites and estimate the efficiency of phenanthrene biodegradation and transformation by rhizosphere bacteria Pseudomonas aureofaciens BS1393. Strains P. aureofaciens BS1393(pOV17) and P. aureofaciens BS1393(NPL-41) bearing various naphthalene biodegradation plasmids were used in the work. The strain BS1393(pOV17) contains the pOV17 wild type naphthalene biodegradation plasmid that determines the oxidation of naphthalene to Krebs cycle metabolites. The strain BS1393(NPL-41) contains the mutant plasmid NPL-41 governing the initial stages of naphthalene oxidation into salicylic acid. The limiting stages of phenanthrene biodegradation in bacteria with various plasmids have been identified according to the accumulation of intermediates. When bacteria were grown on phenanthrene, the main metabolites were as follows: (a) 2-hydroxy-2H-benzo[h]chromene-2-carboxylic acid/trans-4-(1-hydroxynaph-2-yl)-2-oxobut-3-enoic acid, (b) 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, and (c) salicylic acid. In the strain BS1393(pOV17), metabolite (а) was observed during 1–14 days of cultivation. Unlike it, in the strain BS1393(NPL-41), an insignificant amount of this metabolite was found after only 14 days. The availability of metabolite (b) in the growth of both strains was an evidence of the limited rate of its further decarboxylation. Metabolite (c) as a final product was found in the growth of the strain BS1393(NPL-41). Contrastingly, in the strain BS1393(pOV17), this metabolite was not found, which indicates the complete oxidation of phenanthrene.

Context. DC voltage converters (DCV) are part of modern power supply systems (PSS) and power supply ensuring the operation of electronic and radio devices, telecommunication systems and communication and to a large extent determine their power consumption, reliability, time of readiness for operation, weight, size and cost indicators. Even though there are a large number of different software packages used in engineering practice for the study and design of radio engineering devices, such computer-aided design (CAD) systems and virtual computer simulation of electronic circuits have some limitations that do not allow to quickly carry out the entire complex of studies of DCV required for the analysis of electrical processes in various operating modes. Objective. In this section, the goal is to select the most suitable methods and algorithms that allow the development of software necessary for solving the problems of research and analysis of electrical processes for select energy parameters of the DCV of a modular structure in a separate power channel (PWC). Method. The paper proposes a method that consists in using mathematical models describing electrical processes in DC voltage converters and creating, on the basis of the developed calculation algorithms, specialized software for the automated study of electrical processes in the DCV of a modular structure using a computer. Results. The paper discusses the main methods of automated research of radio engineering devices, which can be used to analyze the electrical processes of pulsed DC voltage converters of a modular structure. Algorithms of calculation are given and, as an example, some results of automated research obtained using this method. Conclusions. The analysis of the known methods of automated research of DC voltage converters of modular structure is carried out. Their advantages and disadvantages are given. It is shown that the most suitable method is based on the use of mathematical models describing electrical processes in DC voltage converters of this type. On the basis of the mathematical models presented in the second section of the work, algorithms and specialized software have been developed that allow them to be widely used in the automated research and design of modular-structured DC voltage converters.

A chemical and mineral classification of man-made mineral raw materials suitable for production and ceramics has been developed. Considered secondary mineral resources of the Ural region. Ref. 4. Tab. 2.

When analyzing the powerful pulsed electromagnets used in seismic sources, it is necessary to take into account the current displacement in conductors of the winding. In this paper, the possibility of determining theoretically the time dependence of winding resistance using the Field factor, Maxwell software, and equations of electrodynamics to calculate the time constant of field penetration into a conductor in the case of current jump has been analyzed. The small duration of leading current edge in the winding of an electromagnet allows these equations to be used.

The clinical case of successful cure of the victim with severe closed chest injury is presented, as a result of which the life-threatening acute respiratory failure could not be compensated by artificial lung ventilation and, in connection with which the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a «life-saving technology» was required.

Objectives. To identify the risk factors for the development of cognitive impairments and the low treatment compliance seen in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Materials and methods. A total of 157 patients with CHF and 32 control subjects took part in the study. Neuropsychological investigations were carried out using a 30-min set of tests recommended by the NINDS-Canadian Stroke Standards – echocardioscopy, brain MRI scans, and cognitive event-related potentials (ERP) – along with assessment of treatment compliance. Results and conclusions. Treatment regime violations were seen in 62% of cases. Decreases in compliance were associated with increases in the severity of subcortical (frontal lobes) and periventricular leukoaraiosis, slowing of decision-taking processes (increases in the latency of the ERP P300 peak), and degradation of test performance for assessment of speech activity, optical-spatial, frontal-dysregulatory functions, and memory. Among patients with low treatment compliance, 58% showed frontal-dysregulatory cognitive disorders, 21% combined disorders, and 40% amnestic disorders. Risk factors for progression of cognitive disorders and low treatment compliance were a reduced fractional output and the restrictive type of diastolic cardiac dysfunction.

An experimental sample of a 12-bit digital-to-analog converter with high linearity has been developed. A new method for compensating the resistance of switches in an R-2R DAC is proposed. It is based on equalizing the currents of each branch. Segmentation and the use of binary-weighted switches were used to improve the values of integral and differential nonlinearities.

Numerical modeling of elastic-plastic compression along the normal of two symmetric fragments of a package of woven steel grid is carried out. The dynamic loading mode was carried out in the ANSYS LS-DYNA computer system. A porous grid stack is formed by overlapping layers while maintaining wire directions. The packet has a quasi-periodic structure and a symmetric fragment can be distinguished. One grid layer and two grid layers were simulated, when the second layer is shifted by half the periodicity cell. Compression was carried out by a pair of absolutely rigid plates moving symmetrically towards each other. The calculations used a plasticity model with isotropic hardening. In the calculation, two diagrams of material deformation were used: dynamic and static, obtained by increasing the yield stress. With an increase in the yield point of the material, the deformation curves of the fragment change qualitatively, as in the experiments. The final duration of the loading pulse and the friction between the wires for this type of grid do not have a significant effect. The material in the dynamic mode has time to irreversibly deform during the action of the loading pulse. A comparison of the results obtained with the experimental curve obtained under dynamic compression is shown.

The article presents a mathematical model of linear and nonlinear increase in proppant concentration during hydraulic fracturing. For the first time, an analytical solution using direct calculation for determining the parameters of the main hydraulic fracturing stages including the transition concentrations for given masses of proppant of various types is presented. It is shown that the use of a mathematical model in the development of a processing plan provides the correct distribution of the proppant mass by fractions, which facilitates the introduction of information and analytical systems and transferring data directly from the operating program to the database. The spreadsheet forms used in the production have been elaborated, which enables to apply the mathematical model of the operating program at each hydraulic fracturing without additional labor costs. The obtained mathematical model can be applied to improve the software used in the design, modeling and engineering support of hydraulic fracturing.

An experimental sample of a 12-bit digital-to-analog converter with high linearity has been developed. Segmentation and the use of binary-weighted switches were used to improve the values of integral and differential nonlinearities.

The workshop presents classic and original author's methods that can be effectively used in project and research work, in consulting practice, in the development of academic disciplines that consider the issues of harmonization of interaction in the educational environment. Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For practical classroom and extracurricular activities of undergraduate students studying in the areas of "Psychology" and "Psychological and pedagogical education", as well as for teachers of psychology, pedagogy and psychological and pedagogical disciplines, graduate students and researchers of the relationship of subjects of the educational space. The workshop is addressed to undergraduate students of higher educational institutions who are preparing for professional activities related to the solution of socio-psychological problems of education, upbringing, communication in educational institutions, as well as child-parent and marital relations. Для практических аудиторных и внеаудиторных занятий студентов бакалавриата, обучающихся по направлениям «Психология» и «Психолого-педагогическое образование», а также для преподавателей психологии, педагогики и психолого-педагогических дисциплин, аспирантов и исследователей взаимоотношений субъектов образовательного пространства. Практикум адресован студентам бакалавриата высших учебных заведений, которые готовятся к профессиональной деятельности, связанной с решением социально-психологических проблем обучения, воспитания, общения в образовательных учреждениях, а также детско-родительских и супружеских отношений.

This paper describes technical implementation of a verified program code execution system. The functional purpose of the system is to investigate arbitrary executable files of an operating system in the absence of source codes in order to control program code execution within specified functional requirements. The prerequisites for development of such a system are outlined and a user’s operating procedure with two typical usage scenarios is described. General description of the architecture of the system and software used for its implementation, including the mechanism of interaction among system elements, is presented. A model example of implementing the system is considered. A flexible set of functional constraints based on a temporal attribute of process action is described. In conclusions, a brief comparison with the closest analogs is conducted.

The dynamics of wolf attacks on domestic ungulates at the levels of population group (the region of Central Forest Nature Reserve) and population (Tver oblast) have been analyzed over the period of 1971 to 2015. It has been found that the frequency of attacks increases during the phase of predator population growth under the effect of qualitative changes within the population. An increase in the frequency of attacks and the number of sheep and calves killed per attack also takes place in the summer–autumn period, as a consequence of training wolf cubs in methods of killing prey. Therefore, domestic animals are not only a source of food for the wolf but also an object for training the young.

Novel C2-symmetric N,N'-bis(2-amino-1,2-diphenylethyl)squaramides with 1,2-di(pyridin-2-yl)ethane and 1,2-diphenylethane spacer groups were designed and applied as organocatalysts in asymmetric additions of 4-hydroxycoumarin and 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one to α,β-unsaturated ketones. Both enantiomers of the anticoagulant warfarin and its analogs were prepared in up to 96% yield and with 96% ee. Recyclability of the developed catalysts and synthetic utility of the prepared Michael adducts for asymmetric synthesis of potential chiral medications via acylation reactions were demonstrated.

This article aims to study the relationship between personal reflection and the intensity of motivation for learning in a university.In order to achieve this goal, the following techniques were employed: A.V.Karpov and V.V.Ponomaryova’s technique for identifying the individual level of reflectivity, and T.I.Ilyina’s technique for assessing learning motivation in university students.The empirical study involved 143 subjects.The obtained data indicate that for the first-year students the meaning of the ‘mastering the profession’ motive is directly connected with their reflections on the present and future activities, while the meaning of the ‘getting a diploma’ motive is inversely correlated with the reflection of communication.In the second year, the intensity of the ‘gaining knowledge’ motive correlates with the reflection of communication, and the meaning of the ‘mastering the profession’ motive has an inverse relationship with the reflection of future activity.In the third year, the values of the motive for acquiring knowledge correlate with the integral indicator of reflection, whereas in the fourth year none of the reflection components are interconnected with the components of the motivation for learning in the university.

A modernized and safe scheme for gas-pressure reduction at gas-distribution stations that avoids the formation of hydrocarbon-gas hydrates by including reliable pressure regulators with built-in heat generators is proposed.

This work is devoted to the study of the correlation between mutational variability and cytotoxic properties of the oncolytic Sendai virus when using different culture systems. We have shown that, as a result of 12 consecutive passages in the allantoic fluid of chick embryos, Sendai virus accumulates in it in high titers without changing the RNA genomic sequence and cytotoxic properties in relation to melanoma (Mel8) and human glioma cells (U87MG). However, for the drugs obtained in this system, there is a problem of allergenicity and standardization. The solution could be an adaptation of the virus to cell culture. We used cell cultures 4647 (African green monkey kidney cells) and 293 (human embryonic kidney cells) that are certified for vaccine production in Russia. It turned out that in the course of the reproduction of the virus in these cell cultures during 21–25 passages, accumulation of mutations with the highest density of nonsynonymous substitutions in the F and HN genes, which encode the surface proteins of the virion and ensure its infectivity, takes place. The accumulation of mutations leads to a significant decrease in the cytotoxic activity of Moscow strain of Sendai virus in respect of melanoma and human glioma cells. Reverse passaging on chick embryos of the Sendai virus, adapted to cells 4647, provides partial elimination of adaptive mutations and restoration of oncolytic activity of the virus. Mutations acquired during adaptation to cells 293 are not eliminated in the process of tenfold reverse passaging in chick embryos and the oncolytic activity of the virus does not recover. Thus, the stability of the Sendai virus genome is important for the implementation of its oncolytic potential, and this must be taken into account when choosing a technique for the production of antitumor drugs based on this virus.

Multifunctional redox-active pyocyanin (PYC) produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa has diverse biotechnological applications, but no efforts have been made to improve its yield. The yield obtained in initial study using Pseudomonas spp. MCC 3145 was 24.21 mg L −1 PYC in pigment production medium D; hence, optimization of the media components using statistical tools for more production of PYC was undertaken. Of the 11 medium constituents screened for PYC production using Plackett–Burman design (PBD), glycerol, peptone, and CuSO 4 were recognized as the most significant variables. The optimal concentration of the variables for maximum PYC production was evaluated using a five-level three-factor central composite design (CCD). Optimal concentration of the three variables, glycerol, peptone and CuSO 4 showed 313.94 ± 10.09 mg L −1 the PYC production, with an 18-fold increase. Fine structural details of PYC were verified by chromatographic and various spectroscopic analyses. In vitro bioactivity studies demonstrated significant antifungal activity of PYC against fungal phytopathogens and substantial cytostatic activity against four major cancer cell lines. Furthermore, PYC displayed nonspecific DNA intercalation, which may be the reason for proliferation arrest in cancer cells. Thus, the study rigorously improved PYC production through medium optimization and further demonstrated its agricultural and therapeutic applications.

Background . Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is a treatable disimmune neuropathy, which accurate diagnostics and treatment are essential to improve a long-lasting prognosis and prevent invalidization. In atypical cases and differential diagnosis extra investigations are needed, including neuroimaging. Objective . Evaluating the diagnostic role of the cauda equina magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in CIDP. Materials and methods . 8 patients with CIDP according to European Federation of Neurological Societies and Peripheral Nerve Society criteria were originally included in the main cohort: 6 patients with definitive CIDP, 1 patient – with possible CIDP; in 1 patient later mixed crioglobulinemia, associated with hepatitis C was later diagnosed. MRI with contrast enhancement of the cauda equina was performed in all primary included patients in the main cohort and in 8 controls with metabolic polyneuropathy. In 12 months MRI was repeated in the main cohort patients. Results . The enlargement of the nerve roots of the cauda equina and nodular hypertrophy was demonstrated in all CIDP patients, and in none of the control subjects. The extensiveness of qualitative changes correlated with disease duration. All CIDP patients with root hypertrophy had gadolinium enhancement and its severity did not correlate with disease activity. Contrast enhancement in roots of the control group patients was explained by the medullary artery phenomenon. Conclusion . MRI of the cauda equina with contrast improves the diagnostic of CIDP, but does not depict the activity of the disease. MRI in CIDP is a promissing technique, requiring further investigation and standardization.