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Les effets territorialisants des processus de géopatrimonialisation sont analysés en région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (France). Ils permettent d’identifier au sein de cette région un certain nombre de géoterritoires, caractérisés par l’identification, le recensement, la préservation, la gestion et la valorisation par l’activation ressourcielle de leur géopatrimoine par le géotourisme. Le géopatrimoine acquiert ainsi le statut de ressource territoriale.

O artigo aborda a relação entre os temas paisagem, patrimônio e água, para refletir a renovação do interesse social pelas práticas turístico-recreativas nos espaços lacustres. Com base na abordagem geográfica do Turismo, parte-se das práticas espaciais dos indivíduos nos locais turísticos, e de uma noção integradora da paisagem, para interrogar: qual é o papel que as paisagens lacustres ocupam nos processos de ativação turística? O objetivo é refletir sobre a valorização do patrimônio paisagístico lacustre pelo turismo nas sociedades contemporâneas, e identificar os desafios atuais à gestão pública. É realizado um estudo comparativo, de base empírica, entre dois corpos lacustres: a Laguna dos Patos, no Brasil e o Lago de Aiguebelette, na França. A pesquisa tem abordagem qualitativa, de caráter exploratório-descritivo, com dados coletados durante o período 2016-2017, através da observação em campo, entrevistas e pesquisa em materiais turísticos e sites oficiais. Os resultados permitem tecer aproximações e divergências nos processos de valorização do patrimônio paisagístico lacustre pelas sociedades e sua representação pelo turismo nos contextos estudados. A emergência de conflitos, reinvindicações e problemáticas acerca da função turístico-recreativa das paisagens lacustres permite repensar as relações entre natureza e cultura, cidadãos e paisagens de água na contemporaneidade.Palavras-chave: Turismo. Paisagem. Lago. Laguna. Gestão Pública.

L’espace lacustre, où interagissent des pratiques de loisirs et un environnement physique qui leur sert de support, permet d’éclairer le rôle du tourisme dans la configuration du paysage. À partir du cas du lac d’Aiguebelette (Alpes françaises), cet article propose une analyse géographique du paysage lacustre qui articule ses dimensions physiques et environnementales avec les pratiques et représentations associées à l’expérience des lieux par le prisme du tourisme. Trois résultats ressortent de cette étude : une cartographie des aménagements touristiques à partir d’un zonage du paysage d’influence lacustre ; une analyse spatiale des pratiques touristiques en fonction de la proximité au lac ; enfin, à partir de l’expérience sensible des acteurs et usagers du territoire, on caractérise les axes de représentations et enjeux portés sur le paysage lacustre. Cette approche permet finalement d’identifier la diversité des espaces, des pratiques touristiques et des expériences en lien avec l’environnement lacustre, élargissant ainsi la perspective d’analyse du paysage lacustre, en articulant ses dimensions sociétales et environnementales. The lake area, where leisure practices interact with the physical environment that supports them, allows to clarify the role of tourism in the landscape configuration. From the case of Lac d’Aiguebelette (French Alps), this article proposes a geographic analysis of the lake landscape that articulates its physical and environmental dimensions with the practices and representations associated with the experience of places through the prism of tourism. Three results emerge from this study: first, we established a zoning of the landscape influenced by the lake based on a cartography of tourism infrastructures; a spatial analysis of tourism practices is then conducted according to the proximity to the lake; finally, interested in the sensitive experience of the lake’s actors and users, we characterize the axes of representations and issues related to the lake landscape. This approach makes it possible to identify the diversity of tourism spaces, practices and experiences related to the lake environment, thus broadening the perspective of analysis of the lake landscape by articulating its societal and environmental dimensions.

International audience; Mountain social-ecological systems (SES) supply important ecosystem services that are threatened by climate change. In mountain SES there is a paradox between high community capacity to cope with extremes, and governance structures and processes that constrain that capacity from being realised. Climate adaptation that maintains livelihoods and supply of ecosystem services can catalyse this innate adaptive capacity if new adaptive governance arrangements can be created. Using the French Alps as a case study, we outline a participative framework for transformative adaptation that links adaptive capacity and governance to provide social innovation and ecosystem-based adaptation solutions for mountain SES. Grassland management was the main entry point for adaptation: bundles of adaptation services supplied by the landscape mosaic of biodiverse grassland types can maintain agricultural production and tourism and facilitate income diversification. Deliberate management for core adaptation services like resilient fodder production, erosion control, shade or aesthetic value generates co-benefits for future transformation ability. People activate bundles of adaptation services along adaptation pathways and realise benefits via co-production with other forms of capital including traditional knowledge or social networks. Common and distinctive adaptation services in each pathway create options for transformation if barriers from interactions between values and rules across scales can be overcome. For example conserving mown terraces which is a critical adaptation nexus reflects a complex interplay of values, markets and governance instruments from local to European scales. We conclude that increasing stakeholders capacity to mobilise adaptation services is critical for empowering them to implement adaptation to global change.

Territoires, Interdisciplinarité, systèmes; International audience

Les articles proposes sont issus d’un workshop organise a Annecy en 2006 qui avait pour objet de comprendre les evolutions recentes parmi les approches des dynamiques territoriales. On ne pretend pas dans ce numero special decrire la totalite des reflexions sur les dynamiques territoriales en science regionale mais, a partir de quelques communications, rendre compte des articulations qui se dessinent entre economie industrielle et sciences regionales en particulier par la reference commune a la proximite.

Traditional economic theory views natural resources as production factors to be exploited for the benefit of society. However, for this exploitation to be sustainable it must take into account the conservation and/or renewal of the resource. Increasingly, development projects have come to regard natural resources as essential elements of the local environment that must be exploited in ways that ensure future generations can also benefit from them. This process has been termed “patrimonialization”. In this article it is shown that the constructive development of natural resources and the environmentally sustainable development of regions are closely linked and the role of innovative milieux in defining the nature of local development projects is examined.

Nous proposons une methodologie generale d'observation des economies touristiques en termes de systemes localises et de milieux innovateurs. Cette conception permet une analyse territorialisee des economies touristiques (appuyee notamment sur le cas des stations alpines de sports d'hiver) et des conditions de leurs dynamiques d'evolution. Notre contribution souhaite donc apporter un double eclairage sur les rapports des activites touristiques au territoire : en evaluant la capacite d'adaptation de ces economies territoriales, d'une part, au regard de leur aptitude a innover, et d'autre part, au regard de leur capacite d'anticipation des vulnerabilites inherentes a l'activite touristique.

Cet article se propose d’examiner l’enjeu de la transversalite de la demarche de diagnostic et les conditions d’une demarche iterative dans l’accompagnement d’un projet de territoire. La demonstration est appuyee sur l’experience du projet de creation d’un Centre de Service et de Competences de l’Espace Belledonne. Apres avoir retrace les etapes a l’origine du diagnostic territorial qui a conduit a envisager la conception du CSCT, l’accent est mis sur la methode iterative qui a permis de faire emerger les enjeux et les axes strategiques du projet. De cette experience, un certain nombre d’enseignements peuvent etre degages : ils posent en particulier la question d’une transferabilite de cette demarche a d’autres territoires et soulignent la necessite d’une appropriation collective de la formulation des enjeux et d’un temps suffisant donne a la conduite de la demarche.

At a time when the rural world is undergoing considerable peri-urbanisation, it is tempting to consider the changes affecting peri-urban areas as simply part of the process of urban expansion. Based on an analysis of the place and functions of agriculture in the planning and development projects of the alpine corridor in the French northern alps, this article proposes an alternative way of looking at the question. We use examples to demonstrate that the renewal of agricultural functions can only be properly understood if we take into account a combination of processes associating the control of spreading urbanization, where agriculture is given the role of containing and qualifying the town, and local development dynamics, in which agricultural and non-agricultural actors attempt to direct agriculture in relation to different expectations : economic development, environmental and landscape management, identity and cultural aspects, and so on. Rural and peri-urban areas are not simply a periphery that is determined and structured by the town. To understand how these areas are evolving, it is important to examine the innovative capacity and proactive role of the actors involved., Peyrache-Gadeau Véronique, Fleury Philippe. Agriculture as an agent in building local identities : an alternative approach to urbanization of rural areas as exemplified in the Alpine corridor. In: Revue de géographie alpine, tome 93, n°4, 2005. Agricultures et dynamique des villes alpines, sous la direction de Claude Janin et Philippe Fleury. pp. 21-31.

1. Introduction Les relations du tourisme au territoire sont ambiguës… Le tourisme est fréquemment présenté comme la panacée face aux difficultés de développement de nombreux territoires, en particulier en zone de montagne, sans que l’on en connaisse véritablement ni tous les effets induits sur l’économie locale ni l’ensemble des coûts que la collectivité devra assumer en conséquence. L’ambiguïté devient même paradoxe lorsque l’on prend prétexte d’attraits touristiques pour argumenter sur la ...

National audience; Dans le contexte de mondialisation, s'observent des changements tout à la fois de relative standardisation des modes de vie - dans les modes notamment de production et d'échanges - ou de recherche de leur ancrage territorial. Ces tendances peuvent être abordées de manière contradictoire ou au contraire mises en interrelations entre des mouvements d'ouverture au monde et tout à la fois d'enracinement culturel et de localisation des activités. Pour autant, où se situe la différenciation entre le local et le global, entre approches standardisées et approches territorialisées des modes de vie - en d'autres termes différenciée d'un territoire à l'autre ?

The objective of this chapter is to give a first account of what we believe to be the upcoming issues and theoretical questions in research about territorial economic dynamics. Indeed, a better understanding of the territorial economy is central to greater understanding of the roles that networks play in local economic development processes. This proposal is currently being discussed within the European Research Group on Innovative Milieu (GREMI) in order to define a new research programme. Therefore, Territorial Economy is a research programme on two levels. First, it aims to understand emerging socioeconomic questions (concrete, situated and dated) (Part 1). Second, it tries to build a renewed theoretical approach based on the assertion that spatialities and temporalities are not neutral frames, but, on the contrary, constitutive elements of socioeconomic transformations (Part 2).

International audience

International audience

International audience; When making cultural heritage sites available for tourism, the use of partial or complete replicas can enable the public to see a heritage object/site that must remain closed to ensure its preservation, or due to its difficult access. Since the 1990s, the development of digital technologies and 3D models has contributed to reconciling the conflicting challenges of heritage conservation and cultural heritage tourism (Pieraccini, Guidi, and Atzeni 2001). In the specific case of rock art sites, there is now a broad spectrum of virtual, augmented and tangible presentation methods available to stand in place of the original site and with many possible digital and material presentation combinations for any given site (Pinçon and Geneste 2010; Kaminski 2014; Jaillet et al. 2017).What happens when the challenges of conservation coupled with the challenges of presenting it to the public, are addressed through the creation of a replica that is presented as entirely faithful and which becomes the place where the visitor can experience “heritage”? For these decorated caves, the combined challenges of conservation and regional development has led to the fabrication of replicas that bridge the domains of archaeology and tourism (Duval, Gauchon, and Smith 2017). They allow visitors to experience the simulated materiality of rock art sites that are closed to the public (Malgat, Duval, and Gauchon 2015).Drawing from ten years of research, we explore the links between the Chauvet-Pont d’Arc Cave and its replica, “Chauvet 2 – Ardèche”, both located in France. After discussing the role of authenticity and experience in the heritage process, an analysis of the characteristics of the replica highlights the emphasis placed on the emotional realm. We then discuss the possibilities for transferring the heritage values of the original cave to the replica based on how the replica is received by the visitors.References Duval, M., C. Gauchon, and B. Smith. 2017. “Rock art Tourism.” In The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology and Anthropology of Rock Art, edited by B. David and I.J. McNiven, 1021-1041. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Jaillet, S., J.-J. Delannoy, J. Monney, and B. Sadier. 2017. “3-D Modelling in Rock Art Research: Terrestrial Laser Scanning, Photogrammetry, and the Time Factor.” In The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology and Anthropology of Rock Art, edited by B. David and I.J. McNiven, s.p. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Kaminski, J. 2014. "Decorated Palaeolithic cave sites as a tourism resource : the Franco cantabrian perspective." In Contemporary Issues in Cultural Heritage Tourism, edited by J. Kaminski, A. M. Benson, D. Arnold, 165-176. London, New York: Routledge.Malgat, C., M. Duval, and C. Gauchon. 2015. “Fac-similés et transfert de patrimonialité. La grotte ornée Chauvet-Pont-d’Arc.” Culture & Musées 25 : 141-163.Pieraccini, M., G. Guidi, and C. Atzeni. 2001. “3D digitizing of cultural heritage.” Journal of Cultural Heritage 2: 63-70.Pinçon, G., and J.-M., Geneste. 2010. “Art rupestre: la 3D un outil de médiation du réel invisible ? ” In Situ, 13 : s.p.