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1. The iron-sulfur cluster assembly network component NARFL is a key element in the cellular defense against oxidative stress

Author

Anneke B. Oostra, Davy A.P. Rockx, Hans Joenje, Josephine C. Dorsman, Monique V. Corbin, Human genetics, and CCA - Oncogenesis

Subjects
Oxygen-resistance, Iron-Sulfur Proteins, Iron-sulfur cluster assembly, NARFL, Cell Survival, Blotting, Western, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Biochemistry, Transcriptome, Sister-chromatid cohesion, Cytosol, Hydrogenase, Physiology (medical), medicine, Humans, Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs, RNA, Small Interfering, Nuclear protein, Gene, Oxygen-sensitivity, Aconitate Hydratase, Hyperoxia, DNA Helicases, RNA, Chromosome Breakage, Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress, Chromosome breakage, medicine.symptom, Oxidative stress, HeLa Cells
Abstract

Aim of this study was to explore cellular changes associated with increased resistance to atmospheric oxygen using high-resolution DNA and RNA profiling combined with functional studies. Two independently selected oxygen-resistant substrains of HeLa cells (capable of proliferating at >80% O2, i.e. hyperoxia) were compared with their parental cells (adapted to growth at 20% O2, but unable to grow at >80% O2). A striking consistent alteration found to be associated with the oxygen-resistant state appeared to be an amplified and overexpressed region on chromosome 16p13.3 harboring 21 genes. The driver gene of this amplification was identified by functional studies as NARFL, which encodes a component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster assembly system. In line with this result we found the cytosolic c-aconitase activity as well as the nuclear protein RTEL1, both Fe-S dependent proteins, to be protected by NARFL overexpression under hyperoxia. In addition, we observed a protective effect of NARFL against hyperoxia-induced loss of sister-chromatid cohesion. NARFL thus appeared to be a key factor in the cellular defense against hyperoxia-induced oxidative stress in human cells. Our findings suggest that new insight into age-related degenerative processes may come from studies that specifically address the involvement of iron-sulfur proteins.

Published
2015
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2. Direct-acting antiviral treatment against hepatitis C virus infection in HIV-Infected patients - 'En route for eradication'?

Author

P. Geneau de Lamarlière, F. Daoud, C. Etienne, Pascal Pugliese, Thomas Huleux, N. Oran, C. Guglielminotti, V. Le Moing, L. Larmet, J.M. Jacquet, P. Delobel, D. Lebrun, Olivier Lortholary, S. Gallie, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, E. de Mautort, T. Jovelin, A.S. Ritleng, S. Ferrando, G. Dos Santos, V. Corbin, C. Lions, S. Bouchez, C. Jacomet, V. Guéripel, A. Foltzer, T.H. Huleux, J. Cottalorda, M. Besnier, O. Baud, E. Puntis, Martine Valette, D. Lebeaux, I. Poizot-Martin, M. Ouka, M.J. Soavi, G. Cessot, C. Duvivier, M. Priester, D. Rey, I. Kmiec, B. Henry, Marc-Antoine Valantin, Florence Ader, M.L. Casanova, M. Marcel, F. Touam, David Rey, H. Hüe, S. Degroodt, B. Riff, N. Atoui, D. Garipuy, C. Brochier, Christine Jacomet, Ch. Allienne, C. Aumeran, Nathalie B. Viget, Pierre Pradat, R. Ouissa, M.A. Valantin, S. Brégigeon, S. Pineau, I. Jacquet, Y. N'Guyen, B. Rozé, A. Joulie, L. Hustache-Mathieu, P. Morineau, O. Aubry, Sylvie Pillet, J. Reynes, E. Rosenthal, C. Psomas, Claudine Duvivier, M. Mularczyk, Thomas Perpoint, A. Montoya-Ferrer, V. Baclet, V. Faucherre, Amandine Gagneux-Brunon, F. Ajana, E. Billaud, J. Durant, C. Cheneau, A. Rodallec, Christine Katlama, M. Porte, Bruno Hoen, Olivier Lesens, A. Debard, F. Bani-Sadr, Ph. Choisy, Jacques Reynes, S. Casanova, L. Fagour, S. Pierre-François, S. Sausse, Clotilde Allavena, C. Blanco-Betancourt, I. Schlienger, O. Faucher, C. Bernaud, André Boibieux, C. Migault, H. Laurichesse, C. Merle De Boever, Laurent Cotte, Eric Billaud, Caroline Charlier, E. Cua, Christian Chidiac, M.C. Thiebaut-Drobacheff, J. Lippmann, V. Gendrin, Catherine Chirouze, E. Ressiot, E. Demonchy, K. Risso, V. Rio, Isabelle Poizot-Martin, Patrick Miailhes, H. Laroche, François Raffi, I. Lamaury, M. Pircher, A. Gergely, C. Brunet, I. Perbost, Lise Cuzin, H. Melliez, M.F. Lutz, C. Debreux, C. Augustin-Normand, Antoine Cheret, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, N. Hall, M.L. Batard, Th. Huleux, A. Galinier, J.L. Berger, B. Marchou, C. Fourcade, Frédéric Lucht, Firouzé Bani-Sadr, B. Bonnet, E. Aissi, I. Lepain, D. Boutoille, M. Partisani, P. Fischer, André Cabié, C. Ceppi, Céline Cazorla, M.J. Ducassou, R. Césaire, M. Carta, C. Bernard-Henry, Rodolphe Garraffo, A. Cabié, L. Cuzin, N. Mrozek, Evelyne Braun, F. Bozon, A. De Monte, I. Alcaraz, C. Biron, C. Louisin, Claire Aguilar, C. Delpierre, A. Ivanova, V. Mondain, M. Hentzien, Paul-Henri Consigny, P. Point, K. Saune, C. Rouger, J.G. Fuzibet, J. Koffi, Anne Frésard, C. Longuet, E. André-Garnier, S. Wehrlen-Pugliese, M. Alvarez, M Orticoni, B. Hoen, N. Biezunski, A. Naqvi, Tristan Ferry, B. Prouvost-Keller, A. Frésard, V. Reliquet, P.M. Roger, J. Courjon, F. Biron, R. Agher, M. Vidal, C. Rouzaud, F. Najioullah, A. Meybeck, D. Lambert, L. Cotte, Fanny Lanternier, Alain Makinson, S. Vandame, Laurent Hustache-Mathieu, D. Coban, S. Abel, P. Dellamonica, V. Obry-Roguet, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service Universitaire des Maladies Infectieuses et du Voyageur [Tourcoing], Centre Hospitalier Tourcoing, Service de Maladies Infectieuses [Nice], Service d'immuno-hématologie clinique (CISIH), Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Epidémiologie et analyses en santé publique : risques, maladies chroniques et handicaps (LEASP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques er émergentes (TransVIHMI), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Service des maladies infectieuses [Nantes], Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Laboratoire de Virologie Médicale et Moléculaire - EA 4684 (CardioVir), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM - U912 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Coordination régionale de la lutte contre le virus de l’immunodéficience humaine ( COREVIH [Toulouse]), Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses (TransVIHMI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Universtié Yaoundé 1 [Cameroun]-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne (CHU de Saint-Etienne), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre d'infectiologie Necker-Pasteur [CHU Necker], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Infection à VIH, réservoirs, diversité génétique et résistance aux antirétroviraux (ARV) (EA 7327), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), service de maladies infectieuses CHU J Minjoz Besancon, Hôpital Jean Minjoz, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [Point-à-Pitre], CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe], Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG), Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [Fort-de-France, Martinique], CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-Hôpital Pierre Zobda-Quitman [CHU de la Martinique], CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Martinique [Fort-de-France, Martinique], Maladies infectieuses et tropicales dans la Caraïbe (MAITC), CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-Université des Antilles (UA), Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse - HCL], Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (UNICANCER/CRCL), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques et émergentes (TransVIHMI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Maladies infectieuses et tropicales dans la Caraïbe (MAITC EA 4537), roussel, pascale, Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Université des Antilles (UA)-CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Institut Pasteur [Paris]-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP]

Subjects
Male, Epidemiology, Hepacivirus, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, 030212 general & internal medicine, Chronic, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, biology, Coinfection, Incidence (epidemiology), virus diseases, Hepatitis C, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Infectious Diseases, Treatment Outcome, Cohort, HCV, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Female, France, Antibody, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Genotype, Hepatitis C virus, Antiviral Agents, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, Treatment uptake, medicine, Humans, Direct acting antiviral agent, DAA, business.industry, HIV, Hepatitis C Antibodies, Hepatitis C, Chronic, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, digestive system diseases, Immunology, biology.protein, business
Abstract

International audience; Direct-Acting Antivirals (DAAs) opened a new era in HCV treatment. We report the impact of HCV treatment in French HIV-HCV coinfected patients. METHODS: All HIV-HCV patients from the Dat'AIDS cohort followed between 2012 and 2015 were included. HCV status was defined yearly as naive, spontaneous cure, sustained virological response (SVR12), failure or reinfection. RESULTS: Among 32,945 HIV-infected patients, 15.2% were positive for anti-HCV antibodies. From 2012 to 2015, HCV incidence rate increased from 0.35%PY to 0.69%PY in MSM, while median incidence was 0.08%PY in other patients. Median reinfection rate was 2.56%PY in MSM and 0.22%PY in other patients. HCV treatment initiation rate rose from 8.2% in 2012 to 29.6% (48.0% in pre-treated patients vs 22.6% in naïve patients). SVR12 rate increased from 68.7% to 95.2%. By the end of 2015, 62.7% of the patients were cured either spontaneously or following SVR. CONCLUSIONS: HCV treatment dramatically increased in HIV-HCV patients in France from 2012 to 2015 resulting in HCV cure in nearly two-thirds of the patients in this cohort. Combined with a declining HCV prevalence, the prevalence of active HCV infection among HIV patients will drastically decrease in the forthcoming years.

Published
2016
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3. Protection vaccinale et immunogénicité secondaire à une campagne vaccinale de masse, avec un vaccin monovalent conjugué C, justifiée par des cas groupés sévères d’infection invasive à méningocoques C : bilan épidémiologique et immunologique à distance, 2002–2016

Author

C. Dubray, V. Corbin, H. Laurichesse, J. Beytout, Muhamed-Kheir Taha, Richard Bonnet, and G. Laurichesse

Subjects
Infectious Diseases
Abstract

Introduction La survenue groupee de 12 cas d’infections invasives a meningocoques C (IIM-C) (C2a, P1-5, P1-2, P1-2,5) severes (8/12 purpura fulminans ; 3/12 deces liees au CC-ST37) chez des jeunes enfants et adolescents, fin 2001–debut 2002, a conduit, en fevrier 2002, a une campagne de primo-vaccination de masse ciblant principalement les personnes âgees Materiels et methodes La primo-vaccination a ete administree en fevrier-mars 2002 a 65 536 personnes âgees de moins de 24 ans (taux de couverture vaccinale > 70 % chez les 1–24 ans). L’impact de la campagne vaccinale a ete mesure par la survenue ulterieure de cas incidents d’IIM-C dans le departement grâce aux donnees du laboratoire de microbiologie du CHU et a la Declaration obligatoire (DO) adressee a la CIRE de 2002 a 2017. Une enquete cas-temoins, en 2016, a inclu des personnes âgees de 14 a 39 ans (âgees de 1 a 24 ans en 2002) vaccinees (cas) ou non (temoins) pendant la campagne : 116 cas et 68 temoins (âge moyen : 24 ans). Les personnes vaccinees, depuis la campagne vaccinale, avec un autre vaccin antimeningococcique n’etaient pas inclues. Le titre sanguin d’Ac hSBA, realise, au CNR des Meningocoques a ete considere comme protecteur si ce dernier etait superieur ou egal a 1/8. Resultats Aucun cas d’IIM-C n’a ete identifie au cours de la periode 2002–2017 chez des personnes vaccinees pendant la campagne de 2002. La pharmacovigilance n’a rapporte aucun effet indesirable grave. De 2002 a 2009, 9 cas d’IIM-C sont survenus chez des patients non vaccines. De 2010 a 2017, 3 cas d’IIM-C sont survenus chez des patients non vaccines. 48 cas d’autres IIM sont survenus sans augmentation tendancielle annuelle. Quatorze ans plus tard, la proportion des personnes vaccinees ayant un titre considere comme protecteur (hSBA > 1/8) etait statistiquement superieure a celle des personnes non-vaccinees : 64 %(55–73) versus 16 %(8–27) ; p 1/4, la proportion des personnes vaccinees etait aussi significativement plus elevee : 75 % (66–83) versus 35 % (24–48) ; p Conclusion La primo-vaccination pratiquee lors de la campagne vaccinale de 2002 confere une protection d’au moins 14 ans chez au moins les 2/3 des vaccines. La presence d’un signal chez les non vaccines temoigne d’une circulation active des meninogocoques C chez les enfants et adultes jeunes qui justifie pleinement les recommandations en vigueur.

Published
2018
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4. Régression des marqueurs biologiques d’inflammation et de fibrose hépatique après réponse virologique prolongée secondaire à un traitement par antiviraux oraux d’action directe anti-VHC : bilan du suivi prolongé d’une cohorte de patients F3/F4 co-infectés VIH/VHC

Author

H. Laurichesse, G. Laurichesse, V. Corbin, S. Casanova, Christine Jacomet, and C. Henquell

Subjects
Infectious Diseases
Abstract

Introduction Les antiviraux d’action directe (AVD) diriges contre le virus de l’hepatite C (VHC) permettent une eradication du VHC chez plus de 95 % des patients, y compris les patients co-infectes VIH/VHC. Chez ces patients, souvent cirrhotiques, quel est, a moyen terme, l’impact d’une reponse virale prolongee (RVP) sur la fibrose hepatique ? Si, chez les patients mono-infectes par le VHC, la RVP permet une regression de la fibrose hepatique, la correlation, chez les patients co-infectes VIH/VHC, entre une RVP de longue duree et la regression de la fibrose hepatique n’est pas, a ce jour, etablie, eu egard aux nombreux facteurs de confusion possibles. Materiels et methodes Au sein de la cohorte hospitaliere des patients suivis pour infection a VIH, 42/130 patients ayant une co-infection VIH/VHC ont ete traites par AVDs au cours de la periode 2014–2017 : 31 H/11 F, âge median (IQR) : 50 (46–53) ans. Les modes de transmission du VHC etaient l’injection parenterale de drogues (21/50 %), les rapports heterosexuels (10/24 %), les rapports homosexuels masculins (7/17 %), l’injection de produits de coagulation contamines (4/9 %). Les principaux sous-types etaient 1a (22), 3a (7) et 4a (6). Avant traitement par AVDs, 7 patients avaient une fibrose avancee (F3) et 16 patients avaient une cirrhose du foie (F4) selon le score Metavir. Les combinaisons etaient a base de sofosbuvir + IP ou inhibiteur du complexe N3A/4A. L’evolution de l’inflammation hepatique a ete appreciee par l’evolution des valeurs medianes (IQR) des ALAT et ASAT ; celui du degre de fibrose par l’evolution des valeurs medianes (IQR) des scores APRI et FIB-4. Resultats Tous les patients traites par AVDs ont eu une RVP (sauf une patiente qui a arrete d’elle meme le traitement a S4, et qui l’a repris depuis). Au cours du suivi median (IQR) : 27,6 mois (12,9–37,4), aucune rechute virologique apres RVP, ni reactivation d’infection a VHB, ni hepatocarcinome, ni decompensation clinique de cirrhose, ni aggravation d’insuffisance hepatique. Seule une re-infection a VHC a ete identifiee. Les valeurs medianes (IQR) des ALAT et des ASAT ont regresse apres AVDs respectivement de 74 (51–91) a 31 (24–35) et de 45 (37–51) a 26 (19–36) UI/mL. Le score median (IQR) APRI a baisse de 0,82 (0,51–2,63) a 0,35 (0,27–0,63). Le score median (IQR) FIB-4 a baisse de 2,22 (1,31–6,7) a 1,23 (1,04–2,93) Conclusion Sur la base des marqueurs etudies a moyen terme (> 2 ans), les AVDs entrainent une regression significative de l’inflammation et de la fibrose hepatique chez des patients F3/F4 co-infectes VIH/VHC.

Published
2018
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5. Valeur pronostique du score Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis (LRINEC) dans les dermohypodermites infectieuses : étude prospective au CHU de Clermont-Ferrand

Author

Olivier Lesens, V. Corbin, Michel D'Incan, J. Beytout, H. Laurichesse, Pierre Souteyrand, and M. Vidal

Subjects
Gynecology, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine, Dermatology, business, Predictive value, FASCIITIS NECROTIZING
Abstract

Resume Introduction Le score Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis (LRINEC) a ete developpe dans une etude retrospective pour differencier les fasciites necrosantes des « cellulites severes » a partir de donnees biologiques. Objectif Evaluer, de facon prospective, l’interet pronostique du score LRINEC dans les dermohypodermites infectieuses. Methode Etude prospective menee pendant 18 mois chez tous les patients hospitalises pour une dermohypodermite bacterienne dans les services de maladies infectieuses et de dermatologie du CHU de Clermont-Ferrand. Les trois criteres d’evaluation choisis etaient le temps entre l’initiation de l’antibiotherapie et le debut de regression de l’erytheme, la duree de la fievre et la survenue de complications (abces, necessite d’une intervention chirurgicale, choc septique, fasciite necrosante, deces, necessite de transfert en unite de soins intensifs). Les variables etudiees etaient le score LRINEC superieur a 6 a l’admission, les caracteristiques du malade, l’aspect clinique local et le resultat de l’echographie des parties molles. Resultats Cinquante patients ont ete inclus. Le taux de complications etait plus eleve chez les patients ayant un score LRINEC superieur a 6 (54 %) que chez ceux ayant un score LRINEC inferieur ou egal a 6 (12 %, p = 0,008). En revanche, un score LRINEC superieur a 6 a l’admission n’etait pas significativement associe a une duree plus longue de l’erytheme, ni a une fievre plus prolongee. Enfin, le pronostic etait meilleur en cas de lymphœdeme preexistant. Discussion Le score LRINEC pourrait etre utile pour predire la survenue de complications dans les dermohypodermites infectieuses. En particulier, un score LRINEC superieur a 6 lors de l’admission du patient doit alerter le clinicien et conduire a une vigilance accrue (hospitalisation, avis chirurgical, surveillance hemodynamique etroite).

Published
2010
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7. Carcinome cuniculatum : un diagnostic difficile, à évoquer devant une ostéite chronique d'évolution défavorable sous traitement

Author

V. Corbin, O. Nohra, Michel D'Incan, Olivier Lesens, S. Amarger, Pierre Souteyrand, S. Terver, M. Vidal, and H. Laurichesse

Subjects
Gynecology, medicine.medical_specialty, Chronic disease, business.industry, Treatment outcome, Gastroenterology, Internal Medicine, Medicine, business
Abstract

Resume Introduction La clinique et l'histologie du carcinome cuniculatum (CC) sont souvent trompeuses. Cas clinique Nous rapportons un cas de CC du pied, pris a tort pendant deux ans pour une osteite, et qui a recidive deux mois apres une exerese complete. Discussion Le CC doit etre evoque devant une osteite chronique en regard d'une plaie torpide. L'anatomopathologiste doit etre sensibilise au diagnostic recherche.

Published
2006
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8. Infections associées à des évènements thrombotiques sévères avec présence d'anticorps antiphospholipides

Author

Olivier Lesens, Jean Beytout, V. Chanet, M. Ruivard, H. Laurichesse, F. Gourdon, V. Corbin, and M. Vidal

Subjects
Gynecology, medicine.medical_specialty, Venous thrombosis, Infectious Diseases, biology, business.industry, Medicine, business, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Rickettsiales, Rickettsiaceae
Abstract

Resume Nous presentons deux cas d'infections au cours desquelles la presence d'anticorps antiphospholipides (APL), anticardiolipine et anti-β2-GP1, s'est associee a la survenue d'evenements thrombotiques significatifs : un homme de 55 ans pour qui la serologie Coxiella burnetii (immunofluorescence indirecte) a retrouve la presence d'antigenes de phase 2 avec IgG a 1600 et IgM a 50 (titre significatif : IgG ≥ 200 et IgM ≥ 50), en faveur d'une fievre Q aigue ; et un homme de 20 ans avec une infection a CMV affirmee par la serologie (IgG : 44 U/ml, seuil significatif 6, IgM : 2,1 U/ml, seuil significatif 0,9). La presence transitoire d'anticorps antiphospholipides est frequente au cours des episodes infectieux, cependant elle s'associe rarement a des complications thrombotiques.

Published
2005
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10. Molecular control of the induction of alcohol dehydrogenase by ethanol in Drosophila melanogaster larvae

Author

Stephen W. McKechnie, Billy W. Geer, V. Corbin, A.M. Kapoun, and Pieter W. H. Heinstra

Subjects
Transcription, Genetic, Investigations, Biological pathway, chemistry.chemical_compound, Transformation, Genetic, Gene expression, Genetics, Animals, RNA, Messenger, Enzyme inducer, Gene, Alcohol dehydrogenase, chemistry.chemical_classification, Ethanol, Base Sequence, biology, Alcohol Dehydrogenase, Blotting, Northern, biology.organism_classification, Corrigenda, Drosophila melanogaster, Enzyme, chemistry, Biochemistry, Enzyme Induction, DNA Transposable Elements, biology.protein, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists
Abstract

The activity of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH:EC 1.1.1.1), the initial enzyme in the major pathway for ethanol degradation, is induced in Drosophila melanogaster larvae by low concentrations of dietary ethanol. Two lines of evidence indicate that the metabolic products of the ADH pathway for ethanol degradation are not directly involved in the induction of Adh. First, the accumulation of the proximal transcript in Adhn2 larvae was increased when the intracellular level of ethanol was elevated. In addition, the ADH activity, the proximal Adh mRNA, and the intracellular concentration of ethanol were elevated coordinately in wild-type larvae fed hexadeuterated-ethanol, which is metabolized more slowly than normal ethanol. An examination of P element transformant lines with specific deletions in the 5' regulatory DNA of the Adh gene showed that a DNA sequence between +527 and +604 of the distal transcript start site is essential for the induction of the Adh gene [corrected]. The DNA sequence between -660 and about -5000 of the distal transcript start site was important for the down-regulation of the induction response.

Published
1990
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14. Zero offset in electromagnetic flowmeters

Author

L. V. Corbin, A. M. Scher, and G. D. Montgomery

Subjects
Physics, Resistive touchscreen, Offset (computer science), Input offset voltage, Physiology, Acoustics, Amplifier, law.invention, law, Physiology (medical), Magnet, Shielded cable, Animals, Diagnostic Errors, Rheology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Blood Flow Velocity, Leakage (electronics), Voltage
Abstract

In electromagnetic square-wave flowmeters, it should be theoretically possible to determine zero flow by turning off the magnet drive. In actuality, this is not possible. A major source of zero offset in many commercial flowmeters lies in the fact that the very large voltage transients, seen as the flowmeter drive switches polarity, are distorted by the input amplifiers. This can be corrected by improved amplifier design. A second source of zero offset when flow probes have been immersed in conducting fluids is resistive leakage between the drive voltage and the input electrodes. This can be minimized through the use of shielded coils, with shield grounded, and by the use of a magnet drive isolated from ground. If both of these sources of zero offset are corrected, offset is greatly reduced. Polarization of the flowmeter electrodes, which has previously been suggested as a cause of zero offset, was not detected.

Published
1977
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15. High-Level Expression of a Cloned HLA Heavy Chain Gene Introduced into Mouse Cells on a Bovine Papillomavirus Vector

Author

Eric Sibley, V Corbin, Tom Maniatis, and D DiMaio

Subjects
Transcription, Genetic, viruses, Genetic Vectors, Human leukocyte antigen, JY cell line, Mice, Plasmid, HLA Antigens, Extrachromosomal DNA, Animals, Cloning, Molecular, Gene, Papillomaviridae, Molecular Biology, Bovine papillomavirus, Bovine papillomavirus 1, Recombination, Genetic, Expression vector, biology, Cell Biology, biology.organism_classification, Cell Transformation, Viral, Virology, Molecular biology, Histocompatibility, DNA, Viral, RNA, Viral, Research Article
Abstract

A gene encoding the heavy chain of an HLA human histocompatibility antigen was isolated from a library of human DNA by recombination and selection in vivo. After insertion into a bovine papillomavirus (BPV) DNA expression vector, the gene was introduced into cultured mouse cells. Cells transformed with the HLA-BPV plasmids did not appear to contain extrachromosomal viral DNA, whereas BPV recombinants usually replicated as plasmids in transformed cell lines. Large amounts of HLA RNA were produced by the transformed cells, and the rate of synthesis of human heavy chain was several-fold higher than in the JY cell line, a well-characterized human lymphoblastoid cell line which expresses high levels of surface HLA antigen. Substantial amounts of human heavy chain accumulated in the transformed cells, and HLA antigen was present at the cell surface. These observations establish the feasibility of using BPV vectors to study the structure and function of HLA antigens and the expression of cloned HLA genes.

Published
1984
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16. The canine heart as an electrocardiographic generator. Dependence on cardiac cell orientation

Author

A M Scher and L V Corbin

Subjects
Physics, Physiology, Action Potentials, Boundary (topology), Depolarization, Cardiac action potential, Mechanics, Papillary Muscles, Myocardial Contraction, Membrane Potentials, Generator (circuit theory), Electrocardiography, Dipole, Dogs, Myofibrils, Heart Conduction System, Coincident, Orientation (geometry), Perpendicular, Animals, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Endocardium
Abstract

Traditionally it is assumed that during cardiac depolarization the macroscopic current generators that produce electrocardiographic voltages can be represented as a uniform double-layer source, coincident with the macroscopic boundary between resting and depolarized cardiac fibers as measured with extracellular electrodes ("uniform" hypothesis). A segment of this boundary is thus considered as a current dipole oriented perpendicular to the boundary. We present evidence that, contrary to the above, the effective dipoles largely parallel the long axes of cardiac fibers ("axial" hypothesis). Calculated potentials in volume conductors differ markedly in the two cases. The magnitudes of rapid local "intrinsic" deflections also differ markedly. In our experiments, potential fields prodlced by stimulation at several cardiac sites and measured magnitudes of intrinsic deflections during normal depolarization and that caused by stimulation support the axial hypothesis and are incompatible with the uniform hypothesis. Our results suggest that axial orientation of sources is sufficiently strong so that predictions assuming the uniform hypothesis would be seriously in error, although the axial theory alone does not exactly describe all the measured potentials. Axial orientation of current generators must be considered in quantitative prediction of electrocardiographic potentials. tfurther study of the geometry of the intracellular depolarization boundary and its relation to fiber direction and to the frequency of lateral intercellular junctions is required to describe the generators exactly.

Published
1977
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17. Electrostatically driven apparatus for measuring work function differences

Author

J. M. McDavid, L. V. Corbin, and S. C. Fain

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Resonance, Capacitance, law.invention, Capacitor, law, Ribbon, Electrode, Optoelectronics, Work function, Radio frequency, business, Instrumentation, DC bias
Abstract

A tungsten ribbon and a grounded sample form two electrodes of a vibrating capacitor connected to a sensitive radio frequency capacitance bridge and to a source of dc and ac bias. The ac bias frequency is tuned to the fundamental resonance of the ribbon (f?2.5 kHz, Q≳500) and the work function difference between the ribbon and the sample is determined from the dc bias for which the ribbon capacitance variation at the ac driving frequency vanishes. Work function differences at different positions on a flat sample can be measured to millivolt precision. An example of the change in work function of evaporated Ag–Au alloys with oxygen exposure is given.

Published
1976
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20. Microelimination or Not? The Changing Epidemiology of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Hepatitis C Virus Coinfection in France 2012-2018

Author

Pradat, Pierre, Chirouze, C, Drobacheff-Thiébaut, C, Foltzer, A, Bouiller, K, Hustache-Mathieu, L, Lepiller, Q, Bozon, F, Babre, O, Brunel, A, Muret, P, Chevalier, E, Jacomet, C, Laurichesse, H, LESENS, O, Vidal, M, Mrozek, N, Aumeran, C, Baud, O, Corbin, V, Goncalvez, E, Mirand, A, brebion, A, Henquell, C, Lamaury, I, Fabre, I, Curlier, E, Ouissa, R, Herrmann-Storck, C, Tressieres, B, Receveur, M, Boulard, F, Daniel, C, CLAVEL, C, Roger, P, Markowicz, S, Chellum Rungen, N, Merrien, D, Perré, P, Guimard, T, Bollangier, O, Leautez, S, Morrier, M, Laine, L, Boucher, D, Point, P, Cotte, Laurent, Ader, F, Becker, A, Boibieux, A, Brochier, C, Brunel-Dalmas, F, Cannesson, O, Chiarello, P, Chidiac, C, Degroodt, S, FERRY, T, Godinot, M, Livrozet, J, Makhloufi, D, Miailhes, P, Perpoint, T, Perry, M, Pouderoux, C, Roux, Stéphane, Triffault-Fillit, C, Valour, F, Charre, C, Icard, V, Tardy, J, Trabaud, M, Ravaux, I, Ménard, A, Belkhir, A, Colson, P, Dhiver, C, Madrid, A, Martin-Degioanni, M, Meddeb, L, Mokhtari, M, Motte, A, Raoux, A, Toméi, C, Tissot-Dupont, H, Poizot-Martin, Isabelle, Brégigeon, S, Zaegel-Faucher, O, Obry-Roguet, V, Laroche, H, Orticoni, M, Soavi, M, Ressiot, E, Ducassou, M, Jaquet, I, Galie, S, Colson, H, Ritleng, A, Ivanova, A, Debreux, C, Lions, C, Rojas-Rojas, T, Cabié, André, Abel, S, Bavay, J, Bigeard, B, Cabras, O, Cuzin, L, Dupin de Majoubert, R, Fagour, L, Guitteaud, K, Marquise, A, Najioullah, F, Pierre-François, S, Pasquier, J, Richard, P, Rome, K, Turmel, J, Varache, C, Atoui, N, Bistoquet, M, Delaporte, E, Le Moing, V, Makinson, A, Meftah, N, Merle de Boever, C, Montes, B, Montoya Ferrer, A, Tuaillon, E, Reynes, J, Lefèvre, B, Jeanmaire, E, Hénard, S, Frentiu, E, Charmillon, A, Legoff, A, Tissot, N, André, M, Boyer, L, Bouillon, M, Delestan, M, Goehringer, F, Bevilacqua, S, Rabaud, C, May, T, Raffi, F, Allavena, C, Aubry, O, Billaud, E, Biron, C, Bonnet, B, Bouchez, S, Boutoille, D, Brunet-Cartier, C, Deschanvres, C, Gaborit, B, Grégoire, A, Grégoire, M, Grossi, O, Guéry, R, Lefebvre, Maeva, Le Turnier, P, Lecomte, R, Morineau, P, Reliquet, V, Sécher, S, Cavellec, M, Paredes, E, Soria, A, Ferré, V, André-Garnier, E, Rodallec, A, Pugliese, Pascal, Breaud, S, Ceppi, C, Chirio, D, Cua, E, Dellamonica, P, Demonchy, E, De Monte, A, Durant, J, Etienne, C, Ferrando, S, Garraffo, R, Michelangeli, C, Mondain, V, Naqvi, A, Oran, N, Perbost, I, Carles, M, Klotz, C, Maka, A, Pradier, C, Prouvost-Keller, B, Risso, K, Rio, V, Rosenthal, E, Touitou, I, Wehrlen-Pugliese, S, Zouzou, G, Hocqueloux, Laurent, Prazuck, T, Gubavu, C, Sève, A, Giaché, S, Rzepecki, V, Colin, M, Boulard, C, Thomas, G, Cheret, A, Goujard, C, Quertainmont, Y, Teicher, E, Lerolle, N, Jaureguiberry, S, Colarino, R, Deradji, O, Castro, A, Barrail-Tran, A, Yazdanpanah, Y, Landman, R, Joly, V, Ghosn, J, Rioux, C, Lariven, S, gervais, a, Lescure, F, Matheron, S, Louni, F, Julia, Z, Le Gac, S, Charpentier, c, Descamps, D, Peytavin, G, Duvivier, C, Aguilar, C, Alby-Laurent, F, Amazzough, K, Benabdelmoumen, G, Bossi, P, Cessot, G, Charlier, C, Consigny, P, Jidar, K, Lafont, E, Lanternier, F, Leporrier, J, Lortholary, O, Louisin, C, Lourenco, J, Parize, P, Pilmis, B, Rouzaud, C, Touam, F, Valantin, M, Tubiana, R, Agher, R, Seang, S, Schneider, L, PaLich, R, Blanc, C, Katlama, C, Bani-Sadr, Firouze, Berger, J, N’Guyen, Y, Lambert, D, Kmiec, I, Hentzien, M, Brunet, A, Romaru, J, Marty, H, Brodard, V, Arvieux, C, Tattevin, P, Revest, M, Souala, F, Baldeyrou, M, Patrat-Delon, S, Chapplain, J, Benezit, F, Dupont, M, Poinot, M, MAILLARD, A, Pronier, C, Lemaitre, F, Morlat, C, Poisson-Vannier, M, Jovelin, T, Sinteff, J, Gagneux-Brunon, A, Botelho-Nevers, E, Frésard, A, Ronat, V, Lucht, F, Rey, David, Fischer, P, Partisani, M, Cheneau, C, Priester, M, Mélounou, C, Bernard-Henry, C, de Mautort, E, Fafi-Kremer, S, Delobel, P, Alvarez, M, Biezunski, N, Debard, A, Delpierre, C, Gaube, G, Lansalot, P, Lelièvre, L, Marcel, M, Martin-Blondel, G, Piffaut, M, Porte, L, Saune, K, Robineau, O, Ajana, F, Aïssi, E, Alcaraz, I, Alidjinou, E, Baclet, V, Bocket, L, Boucher, A, Digumber, M, Huleux, Thomas, Lafon-Desmurs, B, Meybeck, A, Pradier, M, Tetart, M, Thill, P, Viget, N, Valette, M, Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections (PCCEI), Université des Antilles (UA)-Etablissement français du don du sang [Montpellier]-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans (CHRO), Centre d’Investigation Clinique de Nantes (CIC Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Hôpital universitaire Robert Debré [Reims], Centre Hospitalier Gustave Dron [Tourcoing], Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM - U1252 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - UMR 259 IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Hôpital l'Archet, Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Martinique [Fort-de-France, Martinique], Université des Antilles (UA), Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Dat’AIDS Study Group Besançon: C. Chirouze, C. Drobacheff-Thiébaut, A. Foltzer, K. Bouiller, L. Hustache- Mathieu, Q. Lepiller, F. Bozon, O. Babre, AS. Brunel, P. Muret, E. Chevalier. Clermont-Ferrand: C. Jacomet, H. Laurichesse, O. Lesens, M. Vidal, N. Mrozek, C. Aumeran, O. Baud, V. Corbin, E. Goncalvez, A Mirand, A brebion, C Henquell. Guadeloupe: I. Lamaury, I. Fabre, E. Curlier, R. Ouissa, C. Herrmann-Storck, B. Tressieres, MC. Receveur, F. Boulard, C. Daniel, C. Clavel, PM. Roger, S. Markowicz, N. Chellum Rungen. La Roche sur Yon: D. Merrien, P. Perré, T. Guimard, O. Bollangier, S. Leautez, M. Morrier, L. Laine, D. Boucher, P. Point. Lyon: L. Cotte, F. Ader, A. Becker, A. Boibieux, C. Brochier F, Brunel-Dalmas, O. Cannesson, P. Chiarello, C. Chidiac, S. Degroodt, T. Ferry, M. Godinot, J.M. Livrozet, D. Makhloufi, P. Miailhes, T. Perpoint, M. Perry, C. Pouderoux, S. Roux, C. Triffault-Fillit, F. Valour, C. Charre, V. Icard, J.C. Tardy, M.A. Trabaud. Marseille IHU Méditerrannée: I. Ravaux, A. Ménard, AY. Belkhir, P. Colson, C. Dhiver, A. Madrid, M. Martin-Degioanni, L. Meddeb, M. Mokhtari, A. Motte, A. Raoux, C. Toméi, H. Tissot-Dupont. Marseille Ste Marguerite: I. Poizot-Martin, S. Brégigeon, O. Zaegel-Faucher, V. Obry-Roguet, H Laroche, M. Orticoni, M.J. Soavi, E. Ressiot, M.J. Ducassou, I. Jaquet, S. Galie, H. Colson, A.S. Ritleng, A. Ivanova, C. Debreux, C. Lions, T Rojas-Rojas. Martinique: A. Cabié, S. Abel, J. Bavay, B. Bigeard, O. Cabras, L. Cuzin, R. Dupin de Majoubert, L. Fagour, K. Guitteaud, A. Marquise, F. Najioullah, S. Pierre-François, J. Pasquier, P. Richard, K. Rome, JM Turmel, C. Varache. Montpellier: N. Atoui, M. Bistoquet, E Delaporte, V. Le Moing, A. Makinson, N. Meftah, C. Merle de Boever, B. Montes, A. Montoya Ferrer, E. Tuaillon, J. Reynes. Nancy: B. Lefèvre, E. Jeanmaire, S. Hénard, E. Frentiu, A. Charmillon, A. Legoff, N. Tissot, M. André, L. Boyer, MP. Bouillon, M. Delestan, F. Goehringer, S. Bevilacqua, C. Rabaud, T. May. Nantes: F. Raffi, C. Allavena, O. Aubry, E. Billaud, C. Biron, B. Bonnet, S. Bouchez, D. Boutoille, C. Brunet-Cartier, C. Deschanvres, B.J. Gaborit, A. Grégoire, M. Grégoire, O. Grossi, R. Guéry, T. Jovelin, M. Lefebvre, P. Le Turnier, R. Lecomte, P. Morineau, V. Reliquet, S. Sécher, M. Cavellec, E. Paredes, A. Soria, V. Ferré, E. André-Garnier, A. Rodallec. Nice: P. Pugliese, S. Breaud, C. Ceppi, D. Chirio, E. Cua, P. Dellamonica, E. Demonchy, A. De Monte, J. Durant, C. Etienne, S. Ferrando, R. Garraffo, C. Michelangeli, V. Mondain, A. Naqvi, N. Oran, I. Perbost, M. Carles, C. Klotz, A. Maka, C. Pradier, B. Prouvost- Keller, K. Risso, V. Rio, E. Rosenthal, I. Touitou, S. Wehrlen-Pugliese, G. Zouzou. Orléans: L. Hocqueloux, T. Prazuck, C. Gubavu, A. Sève, S. Giaché, V. Rzepecki, M. Colin, C. Boulard, G. Thomas. Paris APHP Bicètre: A. Cheret, C. Goujard, Y. Quertainmont, E. Teicher, N. Lerolle, S. Jaureguiberry, R. Colarino, O. Deradji, A. Castro, A. Barrail-Tran. Paris APHP Bichat: Y. Yazdanpanah, R. Landman, V. Joly, J. Ghosn, C. Rioux, S. Lariven, A. Gervais, FX. Lescure, S. Matheron, F. Louni, Z. Julia, S. Le GAC, C. Charpentier, D. Descamps, G. Peytavin. Paris APHP Necker Pasteur: C. Duvivier, C. Aguilar, F. Alby-Laurent, K. Amazzough, G. Benabdelmoumen, P. Bossi, G. Cessot, C. Charlier, P.H. Consigny, K. Jidar, E. Lafont, F. Lanternier, J. Leporrier, O. Lortholary, C. Louisin, J. Lourenco, P. Parize, B. Pilmis, C. Rouzaud, F. Touam. Paris APHP Pitié Salpetrière: MA. Valantin, R. Tubiana, R. Agher, S. Seang, L. Schneider, R. PaLich, C. Blanc, C. Katlama. Reims: F. Bani-Sadr, JL. Berger, Y. N’Guyen, D. Lambert, I. Kmiec, M. Hentzien, A. Brunet, J. Romaru, H. Marty, V. Brodard. Rennes: C. Arvieux, P. Tattevin, M. Revest, F. Souala, M. Baldeyrou, S. Patrat-Delon, J.M. Chapplain, F. Benezit, M. Dupont, M. Poinot, A. Maillard, C. Pronier, F. Lemaitre, C. Morlat, M. Poisson-Vannier, T. Jovelin, JP. Sinteff. St Etienne: A. Gagneux-Brunon, E. Botelho-Nevers, A. Frésard, V. Ronat, F. Lucht. Strasbourg: D. Rey, P. Fischer, M. Partisani, C. Cheneau, M. Priester, C. Mélounou, C. Bernard-Henry, E. de Mautort, S. Fafi-Kremer. Toulouse: P. Delobel, M. Alvarez, N. Biezunski, A. Debard, C. Delpierre, G. Gaube, P. Lansalot, L. Lelièvre, M. Marcel, G. Martin-Blondel, M. Piffaut, L. Porte, K. Saune. Tourcoing: O. Robineau, F. Ajana, E. Aïssi, I. Alcaraz, E. Alidjinou, V. Baclet, L. Bocket, A. Boucher, M. Digumber, T. Huleux, B. Lafon-Desmurs, A. Meybeck, M. Pradier, M. Tetart, P. Thill, N. Viget, M. Valette., CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG), and Malbec, Odile

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Hepatitis C virus, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, men having sex with men, HIV Infections, Hepacivirus, medicine.disease_cause, Antiviral Agents, Men who have sex with men, 03 medical and health sciences, Sexual and Gender Minorities, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Human Immunodeficiency virus, Homosexuality, Male, education, Retrospective Studies, Hepatitis, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Coinfection, Mortality rate, Incidence (epidemiology), microelimination, virus diseases, HIV, Hepatitis C, Chronic, medicine.disease, Hepatitis C, digestive system diseases, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Infectious Diseases, Cohort, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, epidemiology, France, business
Abstract

Background The arrival of highly effective, well-tolerated, direct-acting antiviral agents (DAA) led to a dramatic decrease in hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-HCV–coinfected patients are deemed a priority population for HCV elimination, while a rise in recently acquired HCV infections in men who have sex with men (MSM) has been described. We describe the variations in HIV-HCV epidemiology in the French Dat’AIDS cohort. Methods This was a retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort of persons living with HIV (PLWH) from 2012 to 2018. We determined HCV prevalence, HCV incidence, proportion of viremic patients, treatment uptake, and mortality rate in the full cohort and by HIV risk factors. Results From 2012 to 2018, 50 861 PLWH with a known HCV status were followed up. During the period, HCV prevalence decreased from 15.4% to 13.5%. HCV prevalence among new HIV cases increased from 1.9% to 3.5% in MSM but remained stable in other groups. Recently acquired HCV incidence increased from 0.36/100 person-years to 1.25/100 person-years in MSM. The proportion of viremic patients decreased from 67.0% to 8.9%. MSM became the first group of viremic patients in 2018 (37.9%). Recently acquired hepatitis represented 59.2% of viremic MSM in 2018. DAA treatment uptake increased from 11.4% to 61.5%. More treatments were initiated in MSM in 2018 (41.2%) than in intravenous drug users (35.6%). In MSM, treatment at the acute phase represented 30.0% of treatments in 2018. Conclusions A major shift in HCV epidemiology was observed in PLWH in France from 2012 to 2018, leading to a unique situation in which the major group of HCV transmission in 2018 was MSM. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT02898987.

Published
2020
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21. Post-exposure prophylaxis completion and condom use in the context of potential sexual exposure to HIV

Author

Claudine Duvivier, André Cabié, Sylvie Bregigeon, Alain Makinson, David Rey, C Allavena, Jacques Reynes, Laurent Cotte, Isabelle Ravaux, Pierre Gantner, Les Hôptaux universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), CHU Strasbourg, Immuno-Rhumatologie Moléculaire, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôtel-Dieu de Nantes, Centre d'infectiologie Necker-Pasteur [CHU Necker], Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Médical de l'Institut Pasteur (CMIP), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Infection à VIH, réservoirs, diversité génétique et résistance aux antirétroviraux (ARV) (EA 7327), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Maladies infectieuses et tropicales dans la Caraïbe (MAITC EA 4537), CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-Université des Antilles (UA), Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques et émergentes (TransVIHMI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut Hospitalier Universitaire Méditerranée Infection (IHU Marseille), Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Dat'AIDS Study Group: Besançon: C. Drobacheff-Thiébaut, A. Foltzer, K. Bouiller, L. Hustache-Mathieu, C. Chirouze, F. Bozon, O. Babre, P. Muret, Clermont-Ferrand: H. Laurichesse, O. Lesens, M. Vidal, N. Mrozek, C. Aumeran, O. Baud, V. Corbin, P. Letertre, S. Casanova, C. Jacomet, Guadeloupe: B. Hoen, I. Lamaury, I. Fabre, E. Curlier, R. Ouissa, K. Schepers, C. Herrmann-Storck, N. Dournon, La Roche sur Yon: D. Merrien, P. Perré, T. Guimard, O. Bollangier, S. Leautez, M. Morrier, Lyon: F. Ader, F. Biron, A. Boibieux, L. Cotte, T. Ferry, P. Miailhes, T. Perpoint, S. Roux, S. Degroodt, C. Brochier, F. Valour, C. Chidiac, Marseille (IHU): C. Dhiver, M. Saadia Mokhtari, A. Ménard, H. Tissot Dupont, C. Toméi, L. Meddeb, A.Y. Belkhir, I. Ravaux, Marseille (Ste Marguerite): S. Brégigeon, O. Zaegel-Faucher, V. Obry-Roguet, H. Laroche, M. Orticoni, M.J. Soavi, P. Geneau de Lamarlière, E. Ressiot, M.J. Ducassou, I. Jaquet, S. Galie, A. Galinier, P. Martinet, M. Landon, A.S. Ritleng, A. Ivanova, C. Debreux, C. Lions, I. Poizot-Martin, Martinique: S. Abel, R. Césaire, L. Cuzin, G. Dos Santos, L. Fagour, M. Illiaquer, F. Najioullah, D. Nguyen, M. Ouka, S. Pierre-François, J. Pasquier, M. Pircher, B. Rozé, A. Cabié, Montpellier: N. Atoui, V. Le Moing, A. Makinson, N. Meftah, C. Merle de Boever, B. Montes, A. Montoya Ferrer, J. Reynes, Nancy: M. André, L. Boyer, M.P. Bouillon, M. Delestan, T. May, Nantes: C. Allavena, C. Bernaud, E. Billaud, C. Biron, B. Bonnet, S. Bouchez, D. Boutoille, C. Brunet-Cartier, C. Deschanvres, N. Hall, T. Jovelin, P. Morineau, V. Reliquet, H. Hue, S. Sécher, M. Cavellec, A. Soria, V. Ferré, E. André-Garnier, A. Rodallec, M. Lefebvre, O. Grossi, O. Aubry, F. Raffi, Nice: P. Pugliese, S. Breaud, C. Ceppi, J. Courjon, E. Cua, J. Cottalorda, P. Dellamonica, E. Demonchy, A. De Monte, J. Durant, C. Etienne, S. Ferrando, J.G. Fuzibet, R. Garraffo, A. Joulie, K. Risso, V. Mondain, A. Naqvi, N. Oran, I. Perbost, S. Pillet, B. Prouvost-Keller, C. Pradier, S. Wehrlen-Pugliese, V. Rio, E. Rosenthal, S. Sausse, G. Zouzou, Orléans: L. Hocqueloux, T. Prazuck, C. Gubavu, A. Sève, M. Niang, C. Boulard, Paris (Bicêtre): A. Cheret, C. Goujard, Y. Quertainmont, E. Teicher, N. Lerolle, D. Vittecoq, O. Deradji, F. Fourreau, C. Pallier, A. Barrail-Tran, Paris (Bichat): R. Landman, V. Joly, C. Rioux, S. Lariven, A. Gervais, F.X. Lescure, S. Matheron, F. Louni, C. Godard, Z. Julia, M. Chansombat, D. Rahli, C. Mackoumbou-Nkouka, C. Charpentier, D. Descamps, G. Peytavin, Y. Yazdanpanah, Paris (Pasteur-Necker): P.H. Consigny, G. Cessot, P. Bossi, J. Goesch, J. Benabdelmoumen, F. Lanternier, C. Charlier, K. Amazzough, B. Henry, B. Pilmis, C. Rouzaud, M. Morgand, F. Touam, C. Louisin, C. Duvivier, O. Lortholary, R. Guery, F. Danion, J. Lourenco, P. Parize, M. Launay, V. Avettand-Fenoel, Paris (Pitié): M.A. Valantin, F. Caby, R. Tubiana, R. Agher, S. Seang, L. Schneider, R. Palich, C. Blanc, C. Katlama, Reims: J.L. Berger, Y. N'Guyen, D. Lambert, D. Lebrun, I. Kmiec, M. Hentzien, V. Brodard, F. Bani-Sadr, Saint-Etienne: E. Botelho-Nevers, A. Gagneux-Brunon, A. Frésard, F. Lucht, Strasbourg: P. Fischer, M. Partisani, C. Cheneau, M. Priester, M.L. Batard, C. Bernard-Henry, E. de Mautort, P. Gantner, D. Rey, Toulouse: M. Alvarez, N. Biezunski, A. Debard, C. Delpierre, P. Lansalot, L. Lelièvre, G. Martin-Blondel, M. Piffaut, L. Porte, K. Saune, P. Delobel, and Tourcoing: F. Ajana, I. Alcaraz, V. Baclet, A. Boucher, P. Choisy, T. Huleux, B. Lafon-Desmurs, H. Melliez, A. Meybeck, A. Pasquet, M. Pradier, O. Robineau, N. Viget, M. Valette.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, HIV Infections, law.invention, Men who have sex with men, Condoms, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Tenofovir, law, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: Emtricitabine, MESH: Sexual Partners, Emtricitabine, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Condom use, Health Policy, MESH: HIV Infections, Infectious Diseases, Sexual Partners, Cohort, cardiovascular system, Female, France, Post-Exposure Prophylaxis, circulatory and respiratory physiology, medicine.drug, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Unprotected Sexual Intercourse, MESH: Unsafe Sex, Treatment discontinuation, education, Context (language use), MESH: Multivariate Analysis, Medication Adherence, MESH: Homosexuality, Male, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Condoms, Condom, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Homosexuality, Male, Tenofovir, Retrospective Studies, MESH: Humans, Unsafe Sex, business.industry, HIV, MESH: Adult, MESH: Retrospective Studies, Odds ratio, MESH: Medication Adherence, 030112 virology, MESH: Male, Discontinuation, Sexual exposure, MESH: France, Multivariate Analysis, business, MESH: Female, MESH: Post-Exposure Prophylaxis
Abstract

International audience; ObjectivesPost-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) care remains a challenge for individuals with potential sexual exposure to HIV in terms of PEP completion and ongoing risk behaviours.MethodsA retrospective analysis was carried out on data from the French Dat’AIDS prevention cohort (NCT03795376) for individuals evaluated for PEP between 2004 and 2017. A multivariable analysis was performed of predictors of both PEP completion and condom use [odds ratios (ORs)] and their associated probabilities (P, with P > 95% being clinically relevant).ResultsOverall, 29 060 sexual exposures to HIV were evaluated for PEP [36% in men who have sex with men (MSM) and 64% in heterosexuals]. Overall, 12 different PEP regimens were offered in 19 240 cases (46%). Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)/emtricitabine (FTC) was the preferred backbone (n = 14 304; 74%). We observed a shift from boosted protease inhibitor-based regimens to nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor- or integrase inhibitor-based regimens in recent years. Overall, 20% of PEP prescriptions were prematurely discontinued. Older age, MSM, intercourse with a sex worker, rape and intercourse with a known HIV-infected source patient were factors associated with increased rates of PEP completion (OR > 1; P > 98%). None of the 12 PEP regimens was associated with premature discontinuation. We also found 12 774 cases of unprotected sexual intercourse (48%). Condom use decreased (OR < 1; P > 99%) with the year of exposure, and was lower in MSM and rape victims. Condom use increased (OR > 1, P > 99%) with age, and was higher in those who had intercourse with a sex worker or with a female partner and in those with knowledge of the partner’s HIV status.ConclusionsWe provide new insights into how rates of condom use and PEP completion might be improved in those receiving PEP by targeting certain groups of individuals for interventions. In particular, youth and MSM at risk should be linked in a prevention-to-care continuum.

Published
2020
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