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Street children are a social phenomenon that is often found in various areas in the city of Bandung. Typically children enjoy playing, but they spend most of their time on the streets to earn money, which should have been the duty and obligation of their parents. The qualitative research method describes the problem by collecting data directly through interviews and observation. The purpose of this study is to find out the background and reality of life that street children go through and to find out about the factors that cause them to take to the streets to earn money. The results obtained in the field show that the presence of street children is driven by the exploitation of their children by parents. In reality, parents use their children to make money on the streets of Pasir Koja, either by begging or singing. Basically, the age of these children is still very young, this is what parents take advantage of, because young children will more easily get people's attention to give them money.

This study aimed to understand the phenomenon of collective resistance through a communication perspective in the context of the urban poor. A qualitative case study involving five (5) research participants from different backgrounds living in the same urban poor community in Quezon City, Philippines was used. The research participants were interviewed to gain their insights and knowledge as basis in understanding how they communicate collective resistance in their community. After reviewing the interviews and emerging themes and narratives have been analyzed, the results show that three key communicative elements are the basis in establishing resistance in the urban poor setting: communicating their lived experience, their defiance against shared injustices, and their response with collective action. All three elements center around the urban poor’s continuous exploitation and marginalization. This study aims to contribute to the growing literature on collective resistance through a communication approach, highlighting the participation of the marginalized group or sector’s lived experiences as imperative in establishing resistance. The findings on this study may be used by policymakers, development practitioners, and researchers in understanding how communication is a critical component in social mobilization.

This article reassesses agrarian questions by using the ongoing explosion in urban and urbanization theories to explain Jakarta’s urban poor (the Kaum Miskin Kota) as an extended agrarian question. It shows how the two capitalist development trajectories identified by Lenin as the Russian and American paths, or the transformation of feudal large-scale and small landholders into capitalists, respectively, do not apply in Indonesia. In the latter, a “concessionary capitalism” of large-scale land claims and allocations by the state is observed. This specific process produces specific agrarian questions of soil/land and labor through which the urban poor germinated. It closes with a political project, that is, to open more alliance-building possibilities between urban and rural social movements.

This paper explores the resilience of the urban informal economy through multi-dimensional conflict. Karachi constituted an ideal case study for the research given the intensity and paradigmatic nature of the multi-dimensional conflict experienced in the city between 2008 and 2013. The paper applies a comparative frame in three sites (Sadar, Orangi and Lyari) to illustrate resilience of the informal economy and its role in supporting the urban poor in Karachi to survive and sometimes thrive, whilst also contributing to peaceful recovery and adaptation, albeit persistent divisions mean violence remains possible. The paper argues for greater recognition of and support for informal economies in urban policy, marking a shift away from the predominant neoliberal forms of governance that diminish the role of the state and burden already vulnerable people with the greatest risks, particularly in fragile, conflict-affected situations where half the world’s poor are predicted to live by 2030.

Background: Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) was launched on 12th April 2005, with the aim of reducing maternal and neo-natal mortality by promoting institutional delivery among the poor pregnant women. Hence this study was undertaken to describe socio-demographic profile of study subjects and to assess coverage of Janani Suraksha Yojana in the study area. Subjects & Methods: This is a cross sectional study done in 8 urban poor locality of UHTC, KIMS, Bangalore. A total of 2540 women were surveyed, using probability proportional to population size and among them 391 were the lactating women. Data was collected using a pretested semi structured proforma from women including pregnant or lactating mothers. Information was obtained regarding problems/hurdles faced by the women in accessing JSY benefits. Data was analyzed using descriptive & inferential statistics. Results: Around 31% of women received JSY incentives. Among those who did not receive JSY incentives, 49 % of women were not aware of the reason for not getting incentives and 39% said fund was not released from the government. Conclusion:Coverage of JSY scheme was very low in the area. A sustained and focused IEC campaign has to be conducted among urban poor to improve the awareness.

The rapid emergence of rural agglomeration in urban areas has resulted in increased number of slum ar-eas, which are highly vulnerable to food insecurity. There is a dearth of literature and evidence on food insecurity in such areas. The present study was thus aimed to determine the prevalence of food insecurity at household level in urban poor settlements of Rishikesh and the extent of utilization of food support schemes. Methodology: It was a mixed method study carried out in the households of urban poor region of Rishikesh. Each respondent was selected from a set inclusion criteria and interviewed using a questionnaire for sociodemographic factors and food insecurity through Household Food Insecurity Access Scale. Results: Out of 100 households that were assessed, 52% were food insecure, out of which 20% were severely food insecure and 4% mildly food insecure. A significant association was seen between prevalence of food insecurity and lower socioeconomic status (SES). Conclusion: More than half of the households were found to be food insecure during COVID-19 lockdown in spite of fair coverage of various food support schemes. There should be more research regarding the persistent issue of food insecurity even after a large coverage of the food support schemes. © 2021, MedSci Publications. All rights reserved.

PURPOSE This study investigated knowledge and screening practices for cervical cancer among two urban poor community settings in Ibadan, Nigeria. METHODS A cross-sectional design was used. ODK tool was used to collect quantitative data among a sample size of 500 respondents. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 21 for descriptive and inferential statistics. Scores for knowledge were on a scale of 0-39 points (0-18 low, 19-23 fair, and 24-39 high knowledge). RESULTS A majority of respondents (77.2%) had low knowledge of cervical cancer and were not aware (93.6%) of the Papanicolaou test (Pap smear test) or cervical cancer screening (91.2%). Very few women (10%) were aware of the human papillomavirus vaccine for the prevention of cervical cancer, 4% had been screened with the Papanicolaou test, and one woman (0.3%) with visual inspection with acetic acid. Four (1.1%) women had taken human papillomavirus vaccine before. CONCLUSION The findings of this study have underscored a necessity for increased awareness creation through health promotion interventions and strategies to alleviate low knowledge, prevention, and screening practices for cervical cancer in poor community settings in Nigeria.

Dhaka is the capital city and the single fastest growing metropolis in Bangladesh – by 2020 its population will have increased thirty-fold to over ten million. This rapid population growth is largely facilitated by mass rural-to-urban migration. The speed of urbanization and the enormous numbers involved make it one of the major development challenges of the 21st century (World Bank & Bangladesh Centre for Advanced Studies, 1998). Neither public nor private facilities can meet the basic human needs (food, water, shelter, sanitation, and a safe environment) of slum dwellers, most of whom also lack livelihood security. To understand the magnitude of urban poverty, this research explores the question of whether gender, age and marital status are indeed linked to livelihood vulnerability among the urban poor. It has utilized qualitative methods of data collection -FGDs, case studies (based on in depth-interviews) and participant observation from a selected slum in Dhaka- Begultila. Results of this study has indicated that both physical and emotional vulnerabilities have a crucial impact on the livelihood pattern of the slum dwellers of Begultila. To understand the state and nature of poverty in Begultila it is important to consider non-economic factors, which have a very strong role in enhancing vulnerability among the urban poor, particularly with children, women, and the elderly. This study sheds new light on urban poverty in relation to livelihood vulnerability; and consequently, highlights the diverse experiences of the urban poor and the livelihood insecurity that automatically categorizes them as one of the most vulnerable groups within the slum community. This form of livelihood vulnerability has a crucial effect on the nature and quality of life of the urban poor, particularly for women, which in turn, perpetuates the cycle of poverty. Social Science Review, Vol. 37(2), Dec 2020 Page 217-237

In Chennai, Development-Induced Displacement and Resettlement (DIDR) pushes the urban poor to resettlement sites in the outskirts of the city. One of those sites is Kannagi Nagar, located 15 km from the city centre, in which women suffer from more significant livelihood deprivation. As there is evidence of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) being useful in development, this study aims to explain the role of ICT in the livelihood restoration and enhancement of the social and financial capital for women in Kannagi Nagar. Through a case study with a blend of quantitative and qualitative techniques, the research incorporated a closed-ended questionnaire survey and interviews. Among the women, ICT use is prevalent, however, they have not fully optimized the potentials of ICT for livelihood restoration. The use is still limited to the purpose of maintaining the contacts they already have. However, some women have been able to use ICT, especially through their phones, for the restoration and enhancement of their social and financial capital. Nonetheless, to harness the full potential of ICT and strengthen women’s agency, access to ICT should be improved.

PurposeMalnutrition remains a big public health issue especially in developing countries. The purpose of this paper is to analyze factors that influence consumption of nutrient-rich foods among children aged 6–59 months and women of reproductive age (15–49 years) in the urban informal settlements of Nairobi, Kenya, and Kampala, Uganda. This study uses multicomposite soft porridge as an example of a nutritious product.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional survey was conducted with 574 households from urban informal settlements in Kampala and Nairobi. A systematic random sampling approach was used to select respondents, and interviews were conducted on their sociodemographics, porridge consumption and purchase behavior. Probit regression models were used for the analysis.FindingsResults indicate that households with access to nutrition information are more likely to consume porridge with diversified ingredients, compared to households without nutrition information. Additionally, consumption of fortified porridge flour has a lower probability of consuming porridge flour with diversified ingredients.Practical implicationsThe evidence echoes the need for increased dissemination of nutrition information, which will trigger willingness to pay and consumption of nutritious foods. Further, it underpins the need for processor-level interventions to avail these foods at affordable prices for the benefit of low-income consumers.Originality/valueThis is among the first papers assessing factors that influence consumption of nutritious and diversified soft porridge by children aged 6–59 months and women aged 15–49 in the informal settlements of East Africa.

Contains fulltext : 285389.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Crisis situations such as the pandemic we face right now, exacerbate existing inequalities and make the vulnerable even more susceptible to risks and shocks in their lives. This is all the more so in middle- and poor-income countries where inequalities are particularly manifest in their primate cities. Identifying those at-risk, in situations that are in a constant state of flux, shaped by past socio-economic ruptures, is challenging. Macro trends leading to a sharp fall in GDP as foreign exports and tourism have slumped due to a strongly reduced global demand, alongside severe restrictions in mobility for Sri Lankans - within the country and across national borders - have resulted in a sharp increase of debts, at both national and individual levels. Thereby COVID 19 re/creates disproportionate multi-dimensional inequalities on those who depend on global connections for their occupations, shaped by their geographical locations, intra-household gendered division of labour-both paid and un-paid-and the need to ensure continued access to all kinds of services to sustain their lives, be these quality health services, education for their children, or otherwise. Further, traditional social safety nets to help overcome crises at individual and household level are found to now be unable to provide required levels of social security because this crisis has affected so many at the same time. The pandemic is thus evolving into a major urban crisis, in which large cities are concomitantly struggling to contain the disease and mitigate its effects therein hampering the local population, notably those operating in the informal sector , from sustaining their livelihoods. Local city authorities are struggling to balance with their financial reserves and the instruments available this balance in effects of the Covid-19 pandemic. Yet, as a silver lining to the dark clouds of the pandemic, the crisis is also creating new opportunities for the more enterprising parts of an urban population. The booming gig economy and the emergence platform and social media-based enterprises are some examples to note. Nonetheless these are seldom initiated by the urban poor. Using findings from an online survey of 466 respondents from urban and non-urban Sri Lanka in March to April 2020, during the COVID 19 lockdown, this paper focuses on understanding gendered vulnerabilities of populations from diverse geographies in their current lived reality and their anxieties in coping with the current crisis. More specifically the article will analyse the impact of reduced individual and household incomes, dynamics of remittances support, anticipated changes in livelihood opportunities (including perceived job assurance) and ways of managing finances during lock-down.

In Sao Paulo, squatting movements provide an alternative route to housing for members. At the same time, they highlight the city’s housing deficit and high rates of property vacancy. This article a...

In Dhaka, three urban poor networks play a central role in advocating for the rights and entitlements of low-income settlement residents. Despite their numerous achievements, this article outlines how attempts to scale participation via these networks are limited by three overlapping state–civil society processes: (1) the politicization and increased monitoring of non-governmental organizations (NGOs); (2) shifting donor preferences towards service delivery and the creation of new community-based organizations (CBOs); and (3) the ongoing dominance and paternalism of NGOs towards low-income settlement residents. By situating these findings within existing understandings of in/formal governance and political participation, it can be argued that attempts to scale may struggle to evade or transform deep structures of dependency, patronage and intermediation. Recognizing that scaling can and does occur under these conditions, the article outlines opportunities to support the city-wide networks and alternative forms of organizing, to address pressing needs and priorities.

This paper explored the reading perceptions, needs, and practices of parents from an urban poor community in Manila, Philippines. 274 parents of K-1 pupils were surveyed to determine their reading ...

This paper examines how high levels of eviction and displacement of the urban poor have arisen due to the financialization of land in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Focusing on the Meradia neighborhood of Dhak...

In Jakarta’s poor kampungs, out-of-home purchase of ready-to-eat products from street vendors, the lack of home cooking and public eating produce a foodscape where the boundaries between the home a...

This article examines the effect of the development of bicycle policy in Mexico City on existing landscapes of urban citizenship. In Mexico City, NGOs, activists and progressive city officials used Ecobici, the city's bike share system, to promote the bicycle as an innovative, sustainable and socially inclusive mode of transportation in central areas of the city. At the same time, bicycle infrastructure has not yet reached peripheral, low‐income and underfunded districts, where residents rely on bicycles for transportation. I draw on the Cities and Low Carbon Transitions framework to examine bicycle policy as a project aimed at transforming Mexico City's socio‐technical systems for transportation, and I draw on notions of urban citizenship to examine how green urban infrastructures materialize and transform regimes of inequality. The article shows how the bicycle experiment was limited by a consensus that maintained existing power inequalities, favored expert‐driven design targeting middle‐class users, and opted for rapid project implementation over long‐term institutional re‐design and capacity‐building. These dynamics excluded citizens from the planning of bicycle policy and the urban poor from enjoying the benefits of the investments.

It is now widely accepted that poverty everywhere is no longer a question of lack of income or insufficient calorie intake, it has broadened to include several areas of deprivation such as inadequate housing, health & nutrition, assets, etc. So, multidimensional poverty index has been developed and used to examine the levels deprivations of people on basic necessities of life. Multidimensional poverty index has been constructed based on the sample survey data to examine deprivation of the poor people living in urban areas of Mizoram, India. It is observed that a quarter of the urban poor are severely deprived, while substantial proportion of the poor can easily fall back to severe deprivation with a slight change in their access to basic necessities of life. KEY WORDS: Multidimensional Poverty Index, Deprivation, Urban Poverty, Assets, Standard of Living, Health & Nutrition, Financial Inclusion.

Education is fundamental to learning and is a pre-requisite for development. It is also imperative for sustained growth and development of a nation. There is still a long way to go for India in achieving Goal 4 and 5 of the UN Sustainable Development Goals quality education and gender equality by 2030. Despite several government initiatives and literacy programmes, a gender gap in literacy of 17% still persists. A collective effort is required to address these gaps , as women constitute two-thirds of the illiterate population in India. The present study has been conducted to assess the outcome of an adult literacy programme ‘Each One Enable One’ by undergraduate students at a college of the University of Delhi, targeted at women from poor socio-economic backgrounds residing in the neighbourhood of students. The study was conducted across 11 districts of Delhi, the Capital city of India, using a sample of 150 women. The results have revealed that literacy programme led to statistically significant gains in the overall literacy scores of women in Reading, Writing and Arithmetic and enhanced self-confidence of women. The study has highlighted the positive outcome of the Each One Enable One Program and has provided evidence for the need to upscale such initiatives.

This paper presents the findings of an assessment of the possible measures needed for the adoption of three-dimensional (3D) printing for sustainable low-income houses that can be beneficial to the urban poor. The study adopted a quantitative approach and answers were sought from construction professionals actively involved in a construction project in the country. The study revealed through factor analysis that 3D printing for sustainable low-income housing delivery in South Africa could be encouraged through effective promotion and training, government support, improvement of 3D printing technology, and affordability of the technology. The study contributes significantly to the body of knowledge as it reveals the possible measures for improving the adoption of 3D printing in housing delivery in South Africa—an aspect that has not gained significant attention in the fourth industrial revolution and housing delivery discourse in the country.

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of the ready-to-work skills training offered by the Republic of Indonesia's Ministry of Social Affairs on urban poor people who are members of micro and small businesses to mitigate urban poverty. This research was conducted in Balikpapan City during the 2019 season. The empirical approach used is statistics that are descriptive. Data collection was performed by telephone interviews with job skills training program recipients. As a result, in the form of growing skills, the training programs offered to the urban poor and some micro and small enterprises had a positive effect and those who did not pursue their business were able to find work due to the training they got. The flaw of this preparation is linked to the training recipients' continuous level of ability such that they are not yet at the advanced level.

Cities present important challenges for the extension of quality childcare services to informal workers, who make up most of the urban poor across the global South. For women, who are disproportionately responsible for childcare in their own households, access to quality childcare services allows for more time to earn an income and seek new employment. This is particularly important as women informal workers struggle to recover their earnings following the economic recession brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic. For children, quality childcare services can contribute to lifelong health, educational and social development benefits. This article explores the key barriers to childcare provision for women informal workers and their children in cities, and assesses the role municipalities can play in the provision of childcare services. Access to quality childcare services in urban areas can help break the cycle of gendered and intergenerational poverty as cities recover from the pandemic.

This study assesses the spatial dimensions of social exclusion in the traditional core areas of Ilorin with specific emphases on the urban poor in Ilorin. For methodology, data collection instrumen...

This study is part of a broader phenomenological study on the experiences of family caregivers and their care recipients. There is a general paucity of research on the experiences of primary and secondary caregivers, and the negative impact of elderly care on caregivers in the urban poor settings in Ghana. This study explored primary and secondary caregivers’ challenges and coping strategies in the urban poor context in Accra, Ghana. This study was conducted in Ga Mashie. Thirty-one caregivers were interviewed. A phenomenological analysis was conducted using NVivo 10. Primary and secondary caregivers experienced economic, physical, social, and psychological burdens. Also, caregivers used spirituality and perseverance to cope with their challenges. The findings demonstrate that caregivers’ challenges varied by type of caregiver. Researchers and policymakers should consider the type of caregiver when designing interventions to mitigate the negative impacts of family caregiving on caregivers.

This article considers the disparities in the responses to COVID-19 between Canada and some countries in the Global South It is an attempt to consider how the impacts of the pandemic-lockdown and quarantines-are experienced differently based on the economic circumstances of the Global South versus the Global North This short paper underlines how COVID-19 is narratively framed as a pandemic primarily because it has the ability to impact people in the Global North;it highlights the fact that endemic (and easily curable) diseases are common in the Global South but rarely receive such global attention and never have such resources made available to fight them The author asks readers to consider the cost of the fight against COVID-19 on populations like the urban poor and migrants and refugees who are already vulnerable to mistreatment, hunger, malnutrition and death because of their precariousness within the neo-liberal global order Alternate abstract:Cet article examine les differentes reponses a la COVID-19 du Canada et de certains pays du sud Il s'agit d'une tentative de voir comment les impacts du confinement et des quarantaines causes par la pandemie sont vecus differemment selon les circonstances economiques des pays du nord et du sud Cet article souligne comment la COVID-19 possede le cadre narratif de pandemie surtout parce qu'elle peut avoir un impact sur les personnes des pays du nord;il met en evidence le fait que les maladies endemiques (et facilement guerissables) sont communes dans les pays du sud, mais ont rarement autant d'attention mondiale et n'ont jamais de telles ressources pour les combattre L'auteur demande aux lecteurs de considerer le cout de la lutte contre la COVID-19 pour des populations comme les pauvres urbains, les migrants et les refugies qui sont deja vulnerables aux mauvais traitements, a la faim, a la malnutrition et a la mort a cause de leur precarite au sein de l'ordre mondial neo-liberal

BackgroundUrbanization challenges the assumptions that have traditionally influenced maternal and newborn health (MNH) programs. This landscaping outlines how current mental models for MNH programs have fallen short for urban slum populations and identifies implications for the global community. We employed a three-pronged approach, including a literature review, key informant interviews with global- and national-level experts, and a case study in Bangladesh.Main bodyOur findings highlight that the current mental model for MNH is inadequate to address the needs of the urban poor. Implementation challenges have arisen from using traditional methods that are not well adapted to traits inherent in slum settings. A re-thinking of implementation strategies will also need to consider a paucity of available routine data, lack of formal coordination between stakeholders and providers, and challenging municipal government structures. Innovative approaches, including with communications, outreach, and technology, will be necessary to move beyond traditional rural-centric approaches to MNH. As populations continue to urbanize, common slum dynamics will challenge conventional strategies for health service delivery. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed weaknesses in a system that requires intersectoral collaborations to deliver quality care.ConclusionPrograms will need to be iterative and adaptive, reflective of sociodemographic features. Integrating the social determinants of health into evaluations, using participatory human-centered design processes, and innovative public-private partnerships may prove beneficial in slum settings. But a willingness to rethink the roles of all actors within the delivery system overall may be needed most.

Ghana and South Africa proactively implemented lockdowns very early in the pandemic. We analyze a three-wave panel of households in Accra and Greater Johannesburg to study the mental and economic well-being of the urban poor between the COVID-19 lockdown and the "new normal" one year later. We find that even if economic well-being has mostly recovered, life satisfaction has only improved slightly and feelings of depression are again at lockdown levels one year into the pandemic. While economic factors are strongly correlated with mental health and explain the differences in mental health between South Africa and Ghana, increasing worries about the future and limited knowledge about the pandemic (both countries) as well as deteriorating physical health (South Africa) and trust in government (Ghana) explain why mental health has not recovered. Therefore, we need broad and country-specific policies, beyond financial support, to accelerate the post-pandemic recovery of the urban poor., Review of Income and Wealth, 68 (2), ISSN:0034-6586, ISSN:1475-4991

This paper focuses on ways to minister to diverse peoples in cities through hospitality. After surveying the Bible to better understand the origins and character of diversity, biblical examples of discovering and offering hospitality are explored. These ideas are then applied to a modern context with concrete suggestions for discovering and offering hospitality as ways to minister to diverse urban peoples. Barriers to offering hospitality are also analyzed and suggestions for overcoming them are given. Discovering and offering hospitality are both biblical and effective means for ministry to urban immigrants and the urban poor as well as a key component to developing Christian community that can bless and love the surrounding community. Churches, parachurch organizations, and mission organizations should take note of the importance of hospitality ministry among diverse peoples in cities.

Much of the research on food security in Ethiopia focuses on the rural poor, paying very little attention to the urban poor. The urban poor, marginalized from employment opportunities and other ser...

This study was conducted to assess dietary diversity of Algerian urban poor household with household dietary diversity (HDDS) and to study its relationship with nutrient adequacy level and socio-demographic factors. A survey was followed by three 24 h dietary recalls during one year, with household’s members of charity in Constantine. Qualitative method has been realised using household dietary diversity score and quantitative method was done by calculating ratio of caloric and nutritional intakes to household needs. The study showed that the mean HDDS was 6.8±0.7 food groups. Animal proteins percentage, caloric adequacy level and adequacy levels of fourteen vitamins and minerals had positive correlation with HDDS. Household with less than six persons and those with children less than five years had a higher HDDS (p

This article explores how the asset-based community development approach has improved the living conditions of the urban slum communities and have also addressed the house level poverty through dir...

Terminologically, verbal abuse is a rude utterance that is said by a person without touching physically, but it makes an impact psychically to suicide risk. In this study, verbal abuse was done by the parents to male and female children. This study aims to determine the factors that cause verbal abuse in a poor family. Methodologically, this study used a qualitative approach by conducting interviews with several verbal abuse actors and victims of verbal abuse. The result showed that the factors of verbal abuse in a poor family are caused by a lack of education, low income, habits, or environment.

الملخص: تمثل العدالة الاجتماعية وسيلة ومنهجا يقوم على أسس علمية مدروسة لرفع مستوى الحياة وإحداث تغير في طرق التفکير والعمل والمعيشة فى المجتمعات للارتقاء بالذوق العام والمشارکة في بناء مجتمع قوى قادر على الإنتاج والتطوير مع الاستفادة من إمکانيات المجتمعات المادية لذا تأتي أهمية العدالة الإجتماعية في هذا الإطار لمواجهة مشکلات الفقراء،کما تؤکد العدالة الإجتماعية على ضرورة تغطية الرعاية الصحية لتأمين المواطن ضد المرض، وفي ضوء ذلک قامت الدولة بوضع إستراتيجية متکاملة لتطوير قطاع الصحة في مصر، وتوفير الرعاية الصحية لجميع المواطنين، مما يساعد في تحقيق أهداف التنمية ورفع مستوى معيشتهم. لذلک فقد استهدفت هذه الدراسة تحديد واقع العدالة الاجتماعية وتطوير خدمات الرعاية الصحية لفقراء الحضر وتحديد الصعوبات التى تواجه تطوير خدمات الرعاية الصحية لهذة الفئة قد توصلت نتائج الدراسة الي وجود علاقة طردية بين أبعاد العدالة الاجتماعية وتطوير خدمات الرعاية الصحية لفقراء الحضر وانتهت الدراسة وانتهت الدراسة إلى بعض الاليات التى تزيد من تفعيل تطبيق العدالة الاجتماعية کمدخل فى التخطيط لتطوير خدمات الرعاية الصحية لفقراء الحضر . الکلمات المفتاحية: العدالة الاجتماعية ،التطوير, خدمات الرعاية الصحية, فقراء الحضر. Abstract: Social justice represents a method and an approach based on scientifically studied foundations to raise the standard of life and bring about a change in ways of thinking, working and living in societies to improve public taste and participate in building a strong society capable of production and development while taking advantage of the capabilities of material societies. Therefore, the importance of social justice comes in this context to face problems The poor, and social justice also emphasizes the need for health care coverage to secure the citizen against illness, and in light of this, the state has devised an integrated strategy to develop the health sector in Egypt and provide health care to all citizens, which helps in achieving development goals and raising their standard of living. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the reality of social justice, developing health care services for the urban poor, and identifying the difficulties facing the development of health care services for this group. The results of the study concluded that there is a direct relationship between the dimensions of social justice and the development of health care services for the urban poor. The study ended and the study ended with some mechanisms. Which increases the activation of the application of social justice as an input in planning to develop health care services for the urban poor.and the results of the study found a positive relationship between the dimensions of social justice and the development of health care services for the urban poor. Keywords: social justice, development, health care services, the urban poor.

This article traces the labours of hope embedded in the everyday social reproductive practices of urban poor homeowner association members in Metro Cebu, the Philippines. It explores how aspirations for housing and land tenure security and the (failed) promises of opportunity bound in the urban materialise in the narratives and activities of women and men living in informal settlements. I argue that the sociality of hope, which propels and sustains homeowner associations, produces gendered labours of resilience amidst everyday circumstances of poverty, uncertainty, risk and displacement. As I reveal, these care-based practices constitute expressions of hope that are driven by moral codes associated with the family, industriousness and service to others. These findings reinforce the utility of hope as an analytical lens in geographical studies; one which broadens conceptualisations of labour beyond economic production to include, in this case, the emotional embodiments and reproductive activities that underpin people’s everyday resilience.

Global estimates show that millions of urban poor in many Global South cities embrace informal livelihoods to earn a living. Street vending is one of such informal employment. The literature has ex...

Objects have social lives like humans and are invested with the properties of social relations. We restore performativity to the journeying objects of the Maseit street magicians by drawing on our ethnography with this wayfaring community from Kathputli Colony, Delhi. The shifting social incarnations of the magicians’ objects threaten law’s desire for semantic closure. Their truncated movements indicate how law traps the fluid history of street magic in a rigid definitional register by criminalising it as begging. By mapping these journeys, we illuminate the ways in which the Maseit make sense of their lives within the legal framework.

The practice of allopathic medicine by informal healthcare practitioners (IHPs) is ubiquitous in India. However, a little is known about the patients' experiences and IHPs' perspectives. The core questions guided the present study were (1) why do urban poor approach IHPs for healthcare? (2) what are their experiences of availing services from IHPs? and (3) what are the perspectives of IHPs about their practice with the population they serve? A qualitative research design guided the study. The study was conducted in the Gurugram city of Haryana, India. Nine IHPs and twenty-seven patients who fit into the pre-established inclusion criteria were interviewed. The findings of the study underline the structural constrains of healthcare access to the poor in India and the mutual dependencies between IHPs and the urban poor. Three themes were emerged corresponding to the perspectives of IHPs, and five themes were generated, which describes patients' experiences and perspectives of availing treatment. The factors that attract and sustain patients to IHPs are a mixture of socio-economic aspects, which include poverty, inaccessibility, unaffordability, inefficient public healthcare facilities, and the positive behavioural and treatment attributes of the practitioners. The study implies urgent policy interventions to ensure quality healthcare to urban poor.

Urbanization in most African countries has overstretched the available sanitation services, leading to unsafe disposal of faecal sludge especially among the urban poor. Recycling of faecal sludge i...

It is a widely accepted fact that sustainable development cannot be achieved without sustainable human settlements. Cities cannot be made sustainable without ensuring access to adequate and affordable housing to all and improving informal settlements. According to the Census of India (2011), 13.75 million urban households, that is, 65–70 million people live in informal settlements and about 1.77 million people were homeless in India. The goal of sustainable cities cannot be fulfilled with such a large number of populations still being deprived of their basic right to adequate housing. Chandigarh is one of the first planned cities of modern India and has the second highest percentage (89.8%) of urban population to its total population among all the states and union territories in India. This article endeavours to analyse the adequacy and affordability of public housing for urban poor in the Union Territory of Chandigarh.

In Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh with a population of 18 million, nearly one-third are living under the threat of eviction without resettlement due to lack of tenure security. This occurs despite the Bangladesh government’s ratification of multiple international conventions as well as provisions within the national Constitution with regard to people’s rights. Within this context, drawing on Lefebvre’s theorization of space and using the right to the city (RTC) framework, this article explores the urban poor’s right to housing in the context of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Findings suggest that the local and central government officials categorize slum dwellers as encroachers and criminals, who pose a direct threat to an orderly, clean and green city. Hence, they cannot be allowed to exist in the city. Additionally, the state has shifted the development of land and housing markets to real estate developers, following a neoliberal economic model. Consequently, a few powerful developers control Dhaka’s land and housing markets, only supplying housing for the growing middle class. Access to these houses is far beyond poor people’s reach. Thus, the urban poor’s housing rights are denied both by the state and by the market in Dhaka.

Due to a lack of available job opportunities in the formal sector and financial resources, in most parts of the developing world the urban poor rely on access to urban public space for earning thei...