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This study was conducted to test the effect of two levels of rosehip meal used together with flaxseed meal on weekly production performances and blood parameters of laying hens. For that, we conducted a trial for 5 weeks on 120 laying hens (Tetra SL hybrid), aged 29 weeks. All three diets had 17.50% crude protein and 2780Kcal/kg metabolizable energy, but compared to the control diet (Con) the experimental diets contained 1.5% rosehip meal and 7% flaxseed meal (Diet1) or, 3% rosehip meal and 7% flaxseed meal (Diet2). The results revealed that only feed intake was significantly (P=0.0001) affected, being lower in experimental groups. Among the haematological parameters, the heterophile were significantly higher (P=0.0377) in both Diet1 and Diet2 groups versus the Con group. From the biochemical parameters analysed, in the lipid profile, glucose and triglycerides were significantly lower in the Diet2 group compared with both the Diet1 and Con groups. Total bilirubin was significantly higher (P=0.0020) in the Diet1 group compared to the Con and Diet2 groups, while the lactate dehydrogenase was lower (P=0.0414) in the samples of the Diet2 group. Overall, the studied ingredients had a slight influence on production performances and improved some blood parameters, especially the lipid profile of the Diet2 group.

The paper investigated the phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of poplar buds (Populus nigra L.), turmeric (Curcuma longa) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) extracts. Proximate composition, total polyphenols, ß-carotene, vitamin E, minerals and antioxidant capacity were tested for all selected plants. The proximate analysis of selected plants showed that poplar buds had a higher content of crude protein, fat and fiber than turmeric and ginger. The extract of poplar buds had a significantly higher content of total polyphenols (87.20 mg of gallic acid/g) and vitamin E (210.53 μg/g) than in the extract of turmeric and ginger. The polyphenol content was found to be in the order: poplar buds>turmeric> ginger. The beta carotene content was significantly higher in poplar buds (2.99 μg/g) than in turmeric (1.67 μg/g). Regarding mineral content, turmeric showed the highest content in iron and copper; ginger showed the highest content in manganese and poplar buds had the highest content in zinc. Moreover, poplar buds possessed the highest antioxidant capacity both on vitamin C and E calibration curve, evidencing the rich content in such antioxidants. Therefore, based on the valuable nutritional composition confirmed through this study, poplar buds, turmeric and ginger can be recommended as phytogenic feed additives for poultry nutrition.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of natural tannins in laying hens’ diets on production parameters and the alterations of eggs’ physical properties during storage time and temperature. A six weeks experiment was carried out on 168 Lohmann Brown laying hens, 51 weeks of age, accommodated within digestibility cages, structured on 3 levels. The dietary basic structure was the same for all 3 tested groups. The difference between the experimental and control groups was established by the type of plant additive added E1 (0.5% chestnut flour) vs. E2 (0.5% bark oak). At the end of the experiment, 36 eggs/group were collected to evaluate internal and external quality parameters of eggs during storage. These eggs were divided into two parts: 18 eggs/group were kept at room temperature (22°C) and 18 eggs/group were kept in the refrigerator (4°C) for 42 days and analysed to determine shelf time. The results obtained showed that the physical parameters of eggs laid by hens fed with diets supplemented with natural source of tannins (chestnut powder and oak bark) were improved in terms of Haugh Units, yolk colour and eggshell thickness, but only in refrigeration storage conditions.

Grape pomace (GP) is a by-product resulting from the wine industry and can be considered raw material for animal nutrition, mainly due to its richness in polyphenolic substances. The present study, determined the antioxidant activity of GP by different in vitro assays including 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide anion, and hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity and the inhibitory effect on iron-induced lipid peroxidation system. The estimated IC50 value (the concentration required to scavenge 50% of the radicals) of GP methanolic extract was 53.49 mg/L for DPPH; 57.37 mg/L for hydroxyl radical; 29.06 mg/L for superoxide radical and 102.15 mg/L for hydrogen peroxide. The effect of grape pomace supplements in broiler diets on oxidative stability of meat was tested in an experiment on 80 broiler chicks, 1-day-old Cobb 500, divided into 2 groups (C and E) reared on permanent wood shaves litter (10–12 cm thick). Compared to the control diet C, during the grower (14–28 days) and finisher (29–42 days) stages, the experimental diet (E) was supplemented with 6% GP. At the end of the experiment, 6 chicks aged 42 days from each group were slaughtered and samples of thigh meat were collected for further analysis. When the iron-induced lipid peroxidation system was applied, no significant differences were noticed between ex vivo groups’ lipid peroxidation inhibition percentage (24.71% inhibition when GP was added to meat samples and 24.10% inhibition when GP was ingested by animals) and in vivo data (26.92% inhibition) obtained.

The paper investigated the effect of some dietary antioxidant’s combinations on nutrient digestibility in heat-stressed broilers. The experimental study was conducted for 28 days on 120 Cobb 500 broilers (14 days of age) assigned into 4 groups (30 chicks/group) in cages and exposed to heat stress conditions (32 °C). The control group was fed a control diet (C) and the experimental groups were fed diets including 200 µg/kg diet chromium picolinate and: 0.25 g vitamin C (VC)/kg diet (Cr-VC), 0.025 g Zn/kg diet (Cr- Zn), and 10 g creeping wood sorrel powder (CWS)/kg diet (Cr-CWS). Our results showed that dietary combinations of supplemented antioxidants for chickens under heat stress had a positive effect on the digestibility of nutrients and nutrient deposits in liver tissue. Dietary combined effect of Cr and vitamin C or Cr and Zn potentiates the Fe deposition in broilers’ liver while Cr-Zn improved the apparent digestibility of crude protein, crude fat, Fe and Zn.

In political philosophy, brute or circumstantial luck entails responsibilities. Even so, leaders may be tempted to capitalize on lucky endowments or circumstances that turn in their favour without giving too much attention to moral responsibility. This is because besides moral responsibility, there is another kind of responsibility that flows out of luck. Machiavelli and Hobbes provide the classic philosophical accounts of honour-based responsibility and universal moral responsibility. While this distinction is only suggested by Machiavelli, Hobbes explicitly develops an account of the laws of honour and the laws of nature that make the essential difference between a political community and a community where the state of war becomes less visible, although still ongoing.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the combined effects of trivalent chromium and camelina meal on proximate composition, mineral content and fatty acids profile of broiler chicken thigh meat. An experiment with 2 x 3 factorial arrangement was performed on 240 Ross 308 broiler chicken aged 14 days. Six dietary treatments were elaborated as follows: 0 and 3% inclusion rate of Camelina meal and 0, 200 and 400 μg/kg chromium picolinate (CrPic). Supplementation of broiler diets with 3% Camelina meal led to significantly (P The results of the present study found that Camelina meal and chromium picolinate supplements in broilers diets improved the nutritional properties of thigh meat, especially essential minerals content and fatty acids profile.

The purpose of the study was to increase the nutritional quality of pork, and to investigate the effect of the synbiotic on the oxidative stability of lipid. A 4 weeks experiment was performed on 8 weaned piglets (age 47 days, TOPIGS), divided into 2 groups (C, E). The control group (C) received a conventional diet, while the experimental group (E) included a diet supplemented with organic Zn and 10 g/kg synbiotic mixture. The productive parameters were evaluated. After slaughtered, muscle (tenderloin, shoulder, loin, ham and belly) and organs samples (liver, spleen and kidney) were collected. The muscle and organs samples were analysed regarding the proximate chemical analysis (dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, and ash). The antioxidant capacity and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were performed on shoulder and ham samples at first day of the trial, 4 and 7 days after refrigeration. The crude fat determined in the loin samples, recorded a significant increase in the E group compared to the C group. The ash was higher in the shoulder samples from C group than in E group. At 7 days of refrigeration, the MDA concentration was significantly lower in the shoulder and ham samples from E group than those from C group. The conclusion was that the diet supplemented with organic Zn and 10 g/kg synbiotic mixture contributed to the delay of the lipid oxidation process of the shoulder and ham samples during the refrigeration period.

This study evaluated the effect of some herbal plants as natural feed additives on broiler production parameters, carcass parts, and breast meat quality. A total of 150 broiler chicks, Cobb 500 hybrid, were allocated to five treatments with 30 broilers /group, for 42 days. The experimental treatments were: Control (C); a diet containing 5% alfalfa meal (A); a diet containing 5% alfalfa meal and 1% basil (AB); a diet containing 5% alfalfa and 1% thyme (AT) and a diet containing 5% alfalfa and 1% sage (AS). Bodyweight was significantly (P

Nowadays, the consumer trend towards healthier food choices is unquestionable. Meat products enriched with nutrients, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, are gaining much more interest among consumers. However, products are susceptible to quality deterioration and a short shelf-life of meat through lipid oxidation due to the lack of antioxidants in the meat. In this regard, the efficacy of dietary sea buckthorn leaves (

The article begins with a reflection on the ‘conversation between mythologies’ present in the debate between C. Robert Mesle and John Hick on the role of Irenaean theodicy and process theology to tackle convincingly the problem of evil in the contemporary and future context of scientific advancement. I argue that, although these two authors consider their mythological perspectives to be widely different, there is a possibility of advancing toward conciliating the two views. I call the resulting myth the ‘aesthetic myth,’ which focuses on the Trinitarian God, seen concomitantly as omnipotent and limited. Inspired also by the thought of St. Francis of Assisi and St. Maximus the Confessor, this myth asserts nature’s free initiative as co-creator with the Logos and the natural evil emerging from this initiative. Moral evil comes from natural evil; thus, ‘original sin’ shows no unsurpassable gap between God and humanity.

Dietary sources of bioactive compounds in animal diets, are the natural way to produce animal food products with improved nutritional quality. The present study aimed to test the hypothesis of a synergistic effect of bioactive compounds of cranberry leaf powder and walnut meal on the nutritional quality and antioxidant compounds of broiler meat. An experiment was conducted on 160 COBB 500 broiler chickens, housed in an experimental hall with permanent wood shave litter in boxes of 3 m2. The six dietary treatments were based on corn and soybean meal; three experimental groups were fed diets supplemented with cranberry leaves (CLs) with three inclusion rates (0% in the control group and CL 1% and CL 2%); two experimental groups were fed diets supplemented with walnut meal (WM) with two inclusion rates (0% and WM 6%); and two groups were fed diets with a combination of the selected supplements (CL 1% WM 6% and CL 2% WM 6%). The results show that the experimental groups registered higher concentrations of copper and iron compared with the control group. An antagonist effect was noticed on lipophilic compounds, and the lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations presented a dose-dependent increasing effect under CL influence, while vitamin E concentrations decreased in the same manner. The dietary WM positively influenced vitamin E deposits on breast tissue. The dietary supplements did not produce any effect on the primary oxidation products, but the secondary products were influenced, and the maximum effect on the TBARS values were recorded for the dietary combination of CL 1% and WM 6%.

As the use of antibiotics has been banned or reduced in certain countries in animal industries, the search for new alternatives to antibiotics has been and will continue to be a research subject in poultry for several years. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of basil, thyme and sage essential oils (EO) in broiler chickens’ diets. A total of 120 Cobb 500 broiler chickens aged 12 days were distributed into four homogeneous groups of thirty chickens with six replicates of five broilers each, raised until 42 days of age. For the diets, corn, soybean meal, corn gluten and wheat were used as the main ingredients for the control diet (CON), and three experimental diets were formulated as follows: a diet containing 0.05% essential oil from basil (EOB), a diet containing 0.05% essential oil from thyme (EOT), and a diet containing 0.05% essential oil from sage (EOS). The results showed that production performances, European Production Efficiency Factor (EPEF), European Broiler Index (EBI) and carcass weight were improved (p < 0.05) in the experimental groups compared with the control; however, no significant effect in anatomical parts development was observed. Lightness (L *) and hue angle (H *) colorimetric meat parameters were (p < 0.05) altered but without an effect on meat texture. The antioxidant capacity and total polyphenols content in the thigh meat and total n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids were higher in the experimental samples compared with the control. The intestinal microbiota was also significantly altered with a lowering of Escherichia coli, Coliforms and staphylococci in the small intestine and caecum and an increased lactobacilli count in the experimental groups compared with the control. Overall, all EO-supplemented diets showed the potential to improve meat quality; however, EOS was more effective in altering the chicken microbiota in the small intestine and caecum.

A randomized complete block with a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement was used to design a nutrition experiment conducted for the evaluation of the relation between walnut meal (WM—6% inclusion rate) and cranberry leaves (CL—1% and 2% inclusion rate) supplements and their effects on tissue lipid profile, lipid metabolism indices and oxidative stability of meat. Semi-intensive system conditions were simulated for 240 Ross 308 broilers and the animals were reared on permanent shave litter in boxes of 3 m2 (40 broilers / each group, housed in a single box). The current study results showed that the diets enriched in linolenic acid (LNA) (WM diets) led to broilers meat enriched in LNA, but the synthesis of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) was stimulated when the diets were supplemented with a natural antioxidants source (CL diets). The CL diet also exhibited the most powerful effect in counteracting the oxidative processes of meat.

The composition of gastrointestinal tract microbiota can be changed by dietary manipulation, to prevent gut health issues and to promote animal performance. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of rice bran and alfalfa meal on growth performance and intestinal microbiota in broilers. A total of 252 Cobb 500 broilers, aged 14 days, were randomly assigned into 3 groups: control (CON), 5 % rice bran (RB), 5 % alfalfa meal (AM), and housed in an environment-controlled hall 42 days. Throughout the experimental period, grow performance parameters were monitored and at the end relative weights of internal organs were measured. Samples of intestinal content were collected for bacteriological determinations. Feed intake, daily weight gain and viability were not significantly affected by the dietary supplements. Alfalfa meal and rice bran decreased the populations of Escherichia coli and staphylococci in small intestine content, and Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia coli and staphylococci in caecal content of broilers. The count of lactobacilli in both small intestine and caecal content registered a significantly increase in experimental groups, compared to CON group. Supplementation of diets with rice bran and alfalfa meal tended to increase the population of beneficial bacteria and inhibit the potential pathogens.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of synbiotic and organic acids on oxidative stability of breast broiler meat. The experiment consists on 120, 2 days old Ross 308 chicks, housed in metabolic cages (6 chicks/cage). A 2 x 2 factorial arrangement was considered with 4 treatments and 5 replicates (30 animals per group). Two different levels of synbiotic (0 and 10 g/kg) and two different levels of organic acids (0 and 1.5 g/kg) were added to the standard diets in order to constitute the four experimental diets. For further analysis, breast meat from 6 animals per group were collected in 42nd experimental day. No significant differences were noticed for any oxidative parameter measured in breast samples except TBARS (significant decreased values for OA supplemented groups), at the end of experiment. After 4 days of refrigeration (4°C), the secondary oxidative products (panisidine, TBARS) were significant smaller for E groups, compared to C. After 7 days of refrigeration (4°C), the OA groups had significant smaller values for primary (CD) and secondary oxidation products. Synbiotic and organic acids supplements presented positive effect on meat quality by increasing oxidative stability of breast meat during storage.

Current nutritional strategies of livestock industry are focused on evaluating the effects of terrestrial sources rich in natural bioactive compounds that can be used in farm animal feed and the subsequent implications on the quality of resulting animal products. In this context, the present study aimed to characterize from a nutritional point of view some natural plants used as phyto-additives in poultry nutrition: oregano, mint, basil, sage, fenugreek, thyme, turmeric, cumin and rosemary. The results of this study on plants nutritional evaluation showed a varied proximate analysis. Of all the plants, cumin, fenugreek and basil were the richest source of crude protein. Thyme had a large ether extractives content, followed by rosemary, sage and cumin. The obtained results revealed that oregano has the strongest antioxidant capacity (849.77 mmols equiv. asc. acid; 863.57 mmols equiv. vit. E), the highest total polyphenols concentration (86.77 mg GAE/g) and lutein and zeaxanthin (304.23 μg/g) of the analysed plants. Nevertheless, all plants had high concentration of total polyphenols, except cumin, a large amount of xanthophylls and vitamin E. After oregano, sage and thyme have been noted for their antioxidant capacity and major antioxidant compounds. Basil and sage revealed the highest amount of essential trace elements.

During two feeding trials, the effect of dietary phytogenic mixture on the performance and oxidative stress biomarkers in the liver of broilers reared under thermoneutral conditions (TN) and heat stress (HS) was studied. A number of 60 Cobb 500 chicks/trial were sheltered in environmentally-controlled digestibility cages. On the 14 days of age, the chicks were weighted and assigned to four groups (2 groups/trial with 30 chicks/group). In the first trial, two groups (C-TN and PM-TN) were kept in thermoneutral conditions. In the second trial, other two groups were kept (C-HS and PM-HS) in heat stress (32 ±1 °C). The structure of diets was the same in both experiments. Compared with the control diet (C), the experimental diet (PM) contained the addition of 1% phytogenic mixture (bilberry leaves, peppermint leaves, fennel leaves and sea buckthorn meal). Irrespective of temperature conditions, dietary PM did not affect broiler’s performance. The dietary supplementation of PM delayed protein and lipid oxidation in the liver tissue of broilers in both trials by increasing the hepatic catalase, glutathione and superoxide dismutase activity.

The present work was planned to test the effects of 2 protein-oil rich ingredients which replaced an important part of classical soybean meal, on nitrogen (N) metabolism indicators. Simultaneous we aimed to assess performances, enteric methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted through manure. A balance test was conducted with 15 barrows, 36 ± 0.24 Kg initial body weight, assigned in three groups in metabolism cages: 1. SC diet based on a classical diet (soybean meal, 13%); 2. SP diet based on peas Tudor variety 16% that replace 49% of SM; 3. SPF diet containing 8% soybean meal, 12% peas and 4% linseed Lirina variety. Faecal and urine were quantitatively collected in two balance periods. A semiautomatic Kjeldahl method was used for assessing the N. The Spotchem EZ SP-4430 was used for determining plasma protein and urea nitrogen (BUN). The regression equations were used to determine N metabolism indicators, CO2 emitted and enteric CH4. An increase of 1.16 times of feed intake was noticed in the SP group compared to SC. The lipid intake was slightly higher in the SP fed group which contributed to an increase of energy intake compared to SC group (>1.17 times) and vs SPL fed group (>1.2 times). The average daily gain (ADG) decreased highly significant in the SP diet compared to the SC diet. Linseed adds in SPL diet contributed to obtaining performances closed to SC group. SP diets increased the N level slightly in faeces and urine. BUN concentration has a linear relation with urinary N. CO2 emitted represent 28-32% of CO2 exhalation. CO2 increased in the SP diet (P4 estimated value, although a slight increase was observed in the SP diet. In conclusion, although certain N metabolism indicator was affected by peas diet, only a little part was significantly modified. An oil-rich ingredient such as linseed could successfully complement peas by diminishing its adverse effects.

In our experiment we studied the effect of dietary orange peel (OP) and grapefruit peel (GP) on broilers health and thigh meat quality. The experiment was conducted on 126 Cobb 500 broiler chicks, assigned to three dietary treatments with 42 broilers per group. Each treatment was conducted in 3 experimental growth boxes, corresponding to 6 replicate pens per treatment and 7 broilers per pen. The growth boxes had identical size with a capacity of 3.5 m2 per box. Experimental dietary treatments differed from control diet (C) by addition of 2% OP or 2% GP supplement. A significant increase in body weight was exhibited in OP group compared to GP group (p

The article proposes a reflection on cultural sign production in social contexts dominated by the socially generalized fear of the unknown other and the obsession for vulnerability avoidance. This phenomenon has been reflected in the generalized tendency of reliance upon contractual trust, where the coherence of the signs legitimating a trustful relationship is maintained by external agencies backed by authoritative forums (e.g., religious, legal, political) and sanctioned by well-defined rewards and punishments. In contrast with the contractual model of trust, I propose a different model, covenantal trust. Taking as a point of departure Levinas’s phenomenological interpretation of the responsible self-opening toward the “sign of the giving of signs” which involves covenantal elements, I advance toward proposing a more active involvement of the participants in the process of joint production of signs. This dynamic involvement is made possible thanks to essential elements of the covenant, such as summoning and response. The covenantal approach aims at proposing a semioethical solution to the social challenges emerging from frustrations of members of both marginal and external communities for being treated distrustfully.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with tomato peels (TP) and rosehip meal (RM) on their phytochemicals transfer to the egg, the antioxidant profile and the markers of lipid peroxidation in stored eggs. The experiment was conducted on 42-week-old TETRA SL laying hens, which were assigned to three dietary treatments with 30 birds each: the Control group (CON) received a corn-soybean diet containing 6% flaxseed meal without any by-product addition. Groups TP and RM received Diet CON with additionally 2% TP and 2% RM, respectively. Average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio and laying percentage were not significantly changed by the dietary treatments. Compared to the other groups, the inclusion of dietary TP led to a significant increase in egg weight (p

Writing about the ethics and aesthetics of the natural environment, authors like Berleant, Plumwood, Becker, Gschwandtner, Brady, and Scruton share a number of insights with historians of religions (Mauss, Otto, Eliade) over the connection between humanity and nature. These insights are the attention given to human awe in the face of majestic landscapes, a distinctive agency operating through nature’s intentionalities, the sacred character given to this agency of nature, and a feeling of guilt for human destiny diverging from nature’s path or for trespassing the limits humanly imposed that separate the space of artificial human dwelling from natural environment. I argue that reflecting on the awe of the archaic human mind, in the form of both tremendous fear and positive fascination for the mystery of nature, has potential for a contemporary aesthetic and ethical perspective of a symbiotic approach regarding nature’s fate in the context of a human technological destiny.

Meat industries across the world are constantly focusing to find natural low-cost additives for the development of novel meat products to meet consumer demand for improving the health benefits. In this study, we investigated the chemical composition and the bioactive compounds of some herbal plants, namely basil, thyme, sage, and their functionality on broiler chicken thigh meat quality. Chemical composition, as well as total antioxidant activity, polyphenols, vitamin E lutein and zeaxanthin and the fatty acids of the plants, were analyzed. According to findings, total polyphenols was 21.53 mg gallic acid/g in basil, 31.73 mg gallic acid/g in thyme and 38.87 mg gallic acid/g in sage. The antioxidant capacity was 19.91 mM Trolox in basil, 54.09 mM Trolox in thyme and 54.09 mM Trolox in sage. Lutein and zeaxanthin from basil was 267.91 mg/kg, 535.79 mg/kg in thyme and 99.89 mg/kg, and vitamin E ranged from 291.71 mg/kg in basil to 379.37 mg/kg in thyme and 148.07 mg/kg in sage, respectively. After, we developed a trial on 120 unsexed broiler chickens (n = 30) which were separated into four groups with six replications of five chickens each: control (C); 1% basil (B); 1% thyme (T) and 1% sage (S). The B, T and S groups deposited significantly higher (p < 0.05) concentration of zinc, polyphenols, antioxidant capacity and vitamin E in meat samples compared with the C group. In the experimental groups, the proportion of total polyunsaturated fatty acids, the ratio of n-6 to n-3 fatty acids, and the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids in the thigh muscles were significantly improved (p < 0.05). The tested plants exhibited a significant (p = 0.0007) hypocholesterolemic effect in the meat of the B (45.90 mg/g), T (41.60 mg/g) and S (48.80 mg/kg) experimental groups compared with the C (60.50 mg/g) group. These results support the application of the studied plants as natural sources of additives which could be effective in improving meat quality, from the human consumption perspective.

Nowadays, the consumer trend towards healthier food choices is unquestionable. Meat products enriched with nutrients, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, are gaining much more interest among consumers. However, products are susceptible to quality deterioration and a short shelf-life of meat through lipid oxidation due to the lack of antioxidants in the meat. In this regard, the efficacy of dietary sea buckthorn leaves (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.) together with Chromium on the nutritional quality of meat and lipid oxidative stability was investigated. An experiment (28 days long) was carried out on 90 Cobb 500 chickens assigned into three treatments: a control treatment based on corn and soybean meal, without Chromium (T0) and two treatments supplemented either with 0.00002% Chromium (T1) or with 0.00002% Chromium and 2% sea buckthorn leaves (T2). Dietary supplementation of SBL and Cr improved the PUFA/MUFA ratio, DHA concentration and decreased the n-6/n-3 ratio compared to the other treatments. Moreover, the breast and thigh meat belonging to T1 and T2 treatments showed a higher concentration of lutein and zeaxanthin, Fe and Zn and expressed a higher antioxidant capacity compared to those from T0. Furthermore, n-6 and n-3 PUFA deposited preferentially in the thigh meat rather than in the breast meat. The results from the study showed that dietary SBL and Cr significantly improved the fatty acid pattern and the oxidative stability of chicken breast meat, lowering the TBARS level after storage. In conclusion, SBL and Cr are promising dietary bioactive compounds with beneficial effects to obtain nutrient-enriched meat products.

Marilyn McCord Adams’s perspective on the intimacy with God as a way of defeating horrendous evils in the course of a human being’s existence has been met with a series of objections in contemporary scholarship. This is due to the fact that the critiques formulated have focused more on the debilitating impact of suffering on the sufferer’s body and mind, on intimacy as mere intermittent relationships between God and humans, or on what is lost or gained from the presence or absence of this intimacy with the divine being. Focusing on Adams’s appeal to esthetic arguments in theodicy and on her reflection on practical issues in theology, the article presents Adams’s perspective on intimacy as a relation initiated objectively by God at the creation and at Christ’s incarnation and continued subjectively throughout history by both God and every human being. Given its combining of objective and subjective features, this kind of intimacy is not to be understood as an exclusively private relationship of each individual with God, but rather as a process of communal advancing in rehabilitation and mutual healing that is initiated in the antemortem career and fulfilled in the post-mortem existence.

The rise of a collective conscience of a new epoch, the Anthropocene, has brought to the fore scientists’ predictions of irreversible damage done to the Earth’s ecosystems within barely a decade. The passive attitude worldwide of placing the task of overcoming the evil consequences of human activity on specialized forums (e.g., national governments and international organizations) has already proved to be insufficient. In this context, Hamilton seeks to continue Becker’s project of laying down the foundations of an “anthropodicy,” seen as a humanistic science meant to bring a participatory dimension to the humanity’s dealing with the degradation of the conditions of civilized life on Earth.

The article introduces and critically explores a series of autobiographical texts produced in the early 1990s by world-famous British and American philosophers depicting their personal jour...

Eggs are a common food of animal origin, inexpensive, and rich in bioactive substances with high biological value. Eggs enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are extremely desired by the progressive consumer. However, during storage, eggs undergo some physiochemical changes, which decrease their value. In this regard, the effect of dietary rosehip meal and flaxseed meal on hens’ egg quality characteristics, amino acids, fatty acids, health-related indices, antioxidant capacity, total polyphenols content, and shelf life was examined. For this study 120 Tetra SL laying hens, 29 weeks of age, were fed, for 4 weeks, three diets that included control (basal diet—RF0), basal diet + 1.5% rosehip and 7% flaxseed meal (RF1), and basal diet + 3% rosehip and 7% flaxseed meal (RF2). Productive performance of hens were recorded. The content of essential amino acids (EAA), antioxidant amino acids (AAA), and sulfur amino acids (SAA) was higher in RF1 and RF2, compared with RF0. Eggs belonging to the RF1 and RF2 groups had significantly (p < 0.05) higher content of n-3 PUFAs, especially linolenic and docosahexaenoic acids. Total antioxidant capacity and polyphenol content increased in both rosehip supplemented groups, but especially in RF2. Moreover, eggs from RF1 and RF2 groups maintained significantly higher egg quality parameters after storage for 14 and 28 days in the refrigerator (5 °C) and ambient temperature (21 °C), compared with those from the RF0 group. In the Haugh unit, yolk and albumen pH presented better values in RF1 and RF2 eggs compared to the RF0 eggs.

The study investigates the efficacy of Cr in broilers, aiming to evaluate the effects of Chromium picolinate (CrPic) in association with creeping wood sorrel powder (CWS) on the proximate composition, fatty acids profile, bioactive nutrients and lipid oxidative stability of broiler meat. A total of 120 Cobb 500 chickens were assigned into three treatments: a control diet (C) and two test diets, including 200 µg/kg diet CrPic (E1), and 200 µg/kg diet CrPic +10 g CWS/kg diet (E2). Dietary supplementation with Cr + CWS significantly improved the concentration of n − 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), while its n − 6/n − 3 ratio decreased in comparison to the group receiving Cr and the conventional diet. The concentration of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) significantly increased in the breast meat collected from the E2 group than that from the C group. Dietary administration of Cr and CWS improved lutein and zeaxanthin content, decreased Fe and Zn levels of the breast, and increased Zn deposition in the thigh samples. Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration decreased more in the thigh meat of the supplemental groups (E1, E2) than in that from the C group. In conclusion, the current study suggests that Cr together with CWS can be a viable option as antioxidant sources for broiler diets, promoting the nutritional quality of meat.

This study aimed to determine the effect of dietary creeping wood sorrel powder (Oxalis corniculata) and chromium supplemented to broilers (1-42 days) exposed to heat stress, on their performance and on the intestinal and caecal microbiota.Area of study: Ilfov, RomaniaMaterial and methods: The feeding trial was conducted on 60, day-old Cobb 500 broilers, divided equally in two groups, each group with six replicates (5 chicks/ replicate). The broilers were housed in an experimental hall at 32° C constant temperature and 23h light regimen. Unlike the dietary control diet (C), the experimental diet (E) was supplemented with 1% creeping wood sorrel powder and 20 mg chromium picolinate/ kg premix. One bird from each replication was slaughtered on days 28 and 42, and samples of caecal and intestinal content were collected for bacteriological analysis.Main results: The dietary creeping wood sorrel powder and chromium supplements for heat-stressed broilers had no significant influence on their growth performance (1-42 d). Overall, E diet had a beneficial effect on the balance of the caecal microflora; however, in the intestine, E diet had a positive influence on the balance of the intestinal microflora, only for the samples collected at 28 days.Research highlights: Dietary creeping wood sorrel powder and chromium supplements can be an efficient tool for maintaining a proper balance of intestinal microflora in heat-stressed broilers.

Mustard and grapeseed meals are low-cost by-products generated by the oil industry. We aimed to investigate the effects of fiber level on the concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) in the ileum and cecum, as well as the microflora and enteric methane (E-CH4) in pigs. A total of 70 Topigs hybrid pigs, 56 ± 3 days old, 20.96 ± 0.26 kg live weight, were randomly allotted to two feeding groups: (i) SM diet based on sunflower meal; (ii) MG diet based on mustard × grapeseed oil meals (MG-mixt). VFA profiles were determined by gas chromatography. E-CH4 was calculated using our trial data along with prediction equations. The MG-mixt slightly decreased growth parameters but improved daily feed efficiency and gain cost. The MG diet increased the concentration of VFAs and the microflora level. The higher VFA level recorded in the cecum (+53.93%) was correlated with a lower pH level (Spearman correlation coefficient, rho = −0.529, p < 0.001). In relation to DM intake and energy retention, E-CH4 recorded a highly significant decline in the MG group (

The article brings into focus a series of political arguments of Stanley Hauerwas's “theological politics” and argues that these arguments are in stark contrast with the theoretical perspective of a political rule by a god-like Leviathan, an image inherited in modern and contemporary political culture from the early modern English philosopher Thomas Hobbes. The first section focuses on Hauerwas's arguments regarding the political potential of the term “Catholicity” to represent an alternative to the coercive politics reinforced by the post-Enlightenment nation state. The second section proposes a reflection on the way the Church's Catholicity may be expressed politically without falling into the temptation of involving the Leviathan to sort out the issues generated by its diversity. The concluding section illustrates how Hauerwas uses his approach of a universal unity of Christians “without Leviathan” in his exhortation addressed to American Christians to say “no” to Donald Trump's version of communal unity that is rather based on “total allegiance” to the United States and on “repressive politics”.

The second half of the twentieth and the beginning of the twenty-first centuries have witnessed a revival of the Golden Rule arguments in relation to the idea of religious toleration. Apologizing or acknowledging apologies for past mistakes, the Abrahamic religions have produced a series of texts inviting further ethical and theological discussions with the purpose of facilitating reconciliation and working to maintain a sustainable world peace. Inspired by three groundbreaking texts, Nostra Aetate (1965), Dabru Emet (2000), and A Common Word (2007), representatives of all three monotheisms have produced a number of important commentaries, responses, and critiques with the purpose of clarifying some key points that both unite and separate the interpretations, given the familiar look of common doctrinal and moral teachings.

Poultry meat is a valuable source of nutrients and the enrichment with health-promoting substances such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) is an important factor for consumers’ choice. Camelina meal (Camelina sativa) is an animal feedstuff used to achieve this goal, but the administration of n-3 PUFA-enriched diets in broiler nutrition can accelerate the oxidative processes in meat leading to a decreased quality of final product. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the organic Cr as chromium picolinate (CrPic) on meat quality, fatty acid profile of fat and oxidative stability of meat from broilers fed supplemented dietary Camelina meal. An experiment was conducted on 240 Ross 308 broiler chicken aged 14 days which were assigned to 6 dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design with a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement. Within the treatment arrangement two concentrations of Camelina meal (0% and 3%) and three concentrations of Cr3+ (0, 200 and 400 μg/kg) were used. Dietary treatments were: (1) Control diet (C) containing a corn–soybean diet with no added Camelina meal or Cr3+; (2) a C diet containing an additional 200 μg/kg of Cr3+ as CrPic; (3) a C diet containing an additional 400 μg/kg of Cr3+ as CrPic; (4) a C diet containing an additional 3% Camelina meal; (5) diet 2 containing an additional 3% Camelina meal; (6) diet 3 containing an additional 3% Camelina meal. Chromium supplementation significantly (P