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1. FINAL PROJECT REPORT: WOODLAND SEASONALITY ON THE NORTHERN COAST OF THE GULF OF MEXICO

Author

Reitz, Elizabeth, AUTHOR (University Of Georgia), Hadden, Carla, AUTHOR (Center For Applied Isotope Studies), Little, Maran E., AUTHOR (University Of Georgia), Waselkov, Gregory A., AUTHOR (University Of South Alabama), Andrus, C. Fred, AUTHOR (Department Of Geological Sciences, University Of Alabama), and Peacock, Evan, AUTHOR (Mississippi State University)

Published
2013
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10. On Leibniz cohomology

Author

Friedrich Wagemann, Jörg Feldvoss, University of South Alabama, Laboratoire de Mathématiques Jean Leray (LMJL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)

Subjects
Secondary 17B56 Leibniz cohomology, parabolic subalgebra, Pure mathematics, Chevalley-Eilenberg cohomology, 2020. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 17A32, outer derivation, Witt algebra, Homology (mathematics), Mathematics::Algebraic Topology, 01 natural sciences, November 3, invariant symmetric bilinear form, Mathematics::K-Theory and Homology, spectral sequence, 0103 physical sciences, Lie algebra, Mathematics - Algebraic Topology, 0101 mathematics, rigid Leibniz algebra, complete Lie algebra, Mathematics, Lemma (mathematics), Algebra and Number Theory, Mathematics::History and Overview, Mathematics::Rings and Algebras, 010102 general mathematics, cohomological vanishing, Borel subalgebra, Mathematics - Rings and Algebras, Cohomology, Cartan-Koszul map, semi-simple Leibniz algebra, [MATH.MATH-AT]Mathematics [math]/Algebraic Topology [math.AT], Spectral sequence, 010307 mathematical physics, second Whitehead lemma
Abstract

In this paper we prove the Leibniz analogue of Whitehead's vanishing theorem for the Chevalley-Eilenberg cohomology of Lie algebras. As a consequence, we obtain the second Whitehead lemma for Leibniz algebras. Moreover, we compute the cohomology of several Leibniz algebras with adjoint or irreducible coefficients. Our main tool is a Leibniz analogue of the Hochschild-Serre spectral sequence, which is an extension of (the dual of) a spectral sequence of Pirashvili for Leibniz homology from symmetric bimodules to arbitrary bimodules., Comment: We correct here an error in an earlier version

Published
2021
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11. On the representability of sequences as constant terms

Author

Bostan, Alin, Straub, Armin, Yurkevich, Sergey, Calcul formel, mathématiques expérimentales et interactions (MATHEXP), Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), University of South Alabama, University of Vienna [Vienna], and ANR-19-CE40-0018,DeRerumNatura,Décider l'irrationalité et la transcendance(2019)

Subjects
Laurent polynomials, constant term sequences, P-recursive sequences, Mathematics - Number Theory, hypergeometric sequences, diagonals of rational functions, C-finite sequences, Gauss congruences, FOS: Mathematics, Number Theory (math.NT), Integer sequences, [MATH.MATH-NT]Mathematics [math]/Number Theory [math.NT]
Abstract

A constant term sequence is a sequence of rational numbers whose $n$-th term is the constant term of $P^n(\boldsymbol{x}) Q(\boldsymbol{x})$, where $P(\boldsymbol{x})$ and $Q(\boldsymbol{x})$ are multivariate Laurent polynomials. While the generating functions of such sequences are invariably diagonals of multivariate rational functions, and hence special period functions, it is a famous open question, raised by Don Zagier, to classify those diagonals which are constant terms. In this paper, we provide such a classification in the case of sequences satisfying linear recurrences with constant coefficients. We further consider the case of hypergeometric sequences and, for a simple illustrative family of hypergeometric sequences, classify those that are constant terms.

Published
2022
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12. Decision optimization for face recognition based on an alternate correlation plane quantification metric

Author

Philippe Katz, Mohammad S. Alam, Ayman Alfalou, C. Brosseau, Laboratoire ISEN (L@BISEN), Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-YNCREA OUEST (YO), Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of South Alabama, 6001 USA South Dr., Mobile, AL 36688-0002, USA, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of South Alabama-University of South Alabama, and Alfalou, Ayman

Subjects
[SPI.OPTI] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [INFO.INFO-TS] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Image processing : Pattern recognition, Noise reduction, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, ace recognition, Constant false alarm rate, 010309 optics, Correlation, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, Optics, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Linear combination, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, metric, Mathematics, Image processing : Image recognition, business.industry, Plane (geometry), Filter (signal processing), Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Noise, algorithms and filters, (100.5010) (100.3008), POF filter, correlation, Metric (mathematics), [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Algorithm
Abstract

International audience; We consider a new approach for enhancing the discrimination performance of the VanderLugt correlator. Instead of trying to optimize the correlation filter, or propose a new decision correlation peak detection criterion, we propose herein to denoise the correlation plane before applying the peak-to-correlation energy (PCE) criterion. For that purpose, we use a linear functional model to express a given correlation plane as a linear combination of the correlation peak, noise, and residual components. The correlation peak is modeled using an orthonormalized function and the singular value decomposition method. A set of training correlation planes is then selected to create the correlation noise components. Finally, an optimized correlation plane is reconstructed while discarding the noise components. Independently of the filter correlation used, this technique denoises the correlation plane by lowering the correlation noise magnitude in case of true correlation and decreases the false alarm rate when the target image does not belong to the desired class. Test results are presented, using a composite filter and a face recognition application, to verify the effectiveness of the proposed technique.

Published
2012
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13. Identities for Bernoulli polynomials related to multiple Tornheim zeta functions

Author

Christophe Vignat, Armin Straub, Karl Dilcher, Department of Mathematics and Statistics [Toronto], York University [Toronto], University of South Alabama, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Pure mathematics, Mathematics - Number Theory, Applied Mathematics, 010102 general mathematics, Eulerian path, 11B68, 01 natural sciences, Bernoulli polynomials, [MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], 010101 applied mathematics, symbols.namesake, Nonlinear system, Mathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEs, Product (mathematics), Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA), FOS: Mathematics, symbols, Number Theory (math.NT), 0101 mathematics, Special case, Linear combination, Bernoulli number, Analysis, Multiple, Mathematics
Abstract

We show that each member of a doubly infinite sequence of highly nonlinear expressions of Bernoulli polynomials, which can be seen as linear combinations of certain higher-order convolutions, is a multiple of a specific product of linear factors. The special case of Bernoulli numbers has important applications in the study of multiple Tornheim zeta functions. The proof of the main result relies on properties of Eulerian polynomials and higher-order Bernoulli polynomials., Comment: 17 pages

Published
2019
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14. Pervasive changes in stream intermittency across the United States

Author

Margaret Shanafield, Michelle H. Busch, Daniel C. Allen, Amy J. Burgin, Julian D. Olden, Meryl C. Mims, C. Nathan Jones, K. E. Kaiser, Adam S. Ward, Stephanie K. Kampf, Margaret A. Zimmer, Kate S. Boersma, Joanna R. Blaszczak, Walter K. Dodds, John C. Hammond, George H. Allen, Thibault Datry, Corey A. Krabbenhoft, Ryan M. Burrows, Sarah E. Godsey, A. N. Price, Katie H. Costigan, Samuel C. Zipper, Kansas Geological Survey, University of Kansas [Lawrence] (KU), U.S Geological Survey, Flinders University [Adelaide, Australia], University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, Riverly (Riverly), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of South Alabama, Boise State University, IDAHO STATE UNIVERSITY POCATELLO USA, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), University of Melbourne, University of Nevada [Reno], University of Oklahoma (OU), University of San Diego, Indiana University [Bloomington], Indiana University System, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Partenaires INRAE, Texas A&M University [College Station], University at Buffalo [SUNY] (SUNY Buffalo), State University of New York (SUNY), Kansas State University, Virginia Tech [Blacksburg], School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences (University of Washington), Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), and National Science Foundation (NSF) : DEB-1754389

Subjects
non-perennial streams, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, river, 0207 environmental engineering, Climate change, 02 engineering and technology, STREAMS, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, Intermittency, Streamflow, Ecosystem, 020701 environmental engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Land use, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Ephemeral key, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, land use, 15. Life on land, Arid, 6. Clean water, climate change, Geography, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, streamflow, Physical geography, time series, ephemeral
Abstract

Non-perennial streams are widespread, critical to ecosystems and society, and the subject of ongoing policy debate. Prior large-scale research on stream intermittency has been based on long-term averages, generally using annually aggregated data to characterize a highly variable process. As a result, it is not well understood if, how, or why the hydrology of non-perennial streams is changing. Here, we investigate trends and drivers of three intermittency signatures that describe the duration, timing, and dry-down period of stream intermittency across the continental United States (CONUS). Half of gages exhibited a significant trend through time in at least one of the three intermittency signatures, and changes in no-flow duration were most pervasive (41% of gages). Changes in intermittency were substantial for many streams, and 7% of gages exhibited changes in annual no-flow duration exceeding 100 days during the study period. Distinct regional patterns of change were evident, with widespread drying in southern CONUS and wetting in northern CONUS. These patterns are correlated with changes in aridity, though drivers of spatiotemporal variability were diverse across the three intermittency signatures. While the no-flow timing and duration were strongly related to climate, dry-down period was most strongly related to watershed land use and physiography. Our results indicate that non-perennial conditions are increasing in prevalence over much of CONUS and binary classifications of 'perennial' and 'non-perennial' are not an accurate reflection of this change. Water management and policy should reflect the changing nature and diverse drivers of changing intermittency both today and in the future. US National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB-1754389] Published version This manuscript is a product of the Dry Rivers Research Coordination Network, which was supported by funding from the US National Science Foundation (DEB-1754389). Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. This manuscript was improved by constructive feedback from Kristin Jaeger and three anonymous reviews.

Published
2021
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15. Ecological and evolutionary influences on body size and shape in the Galápagos marine iguana (Amblyrhynchus cristatus)

Author

Adalgisa Caccone, Scott Glaberman, Pedro Tarroso, Julien Claude, Ylenia Chiari, University of South Alabama, Yale University [New Haven], Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Ecomorphology, Range (biology), Population, Zoology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Marine iguana, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, Animals, Body Size, 14. Life underwater, education, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Local adaptation, Islands, education.field_of_study, Ecology, biology, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Biological Evolution, Sexual dimorphism, Phylogeography, 030104 developmental biology, Iguanas, Biological dispersal
Abstract

Oceanic islands are often inhabited by endemic species that have undergone substantial morphological evolutionary change due to processes of multiple colonizations from various source populations, dispersal, and local adaptation. Galápagos marine iguanas are an example of an island endemic exhibiting high morphological diversity, including substantial body size variation among populations and sexes, but the causes and magnitude of this variation are not well understood. We obtained morphological measurements from marine iguanas throughout their distribution range. These data were combined with genetic and local environmental data from each population to investigate the effects of evolutionary history and environmental conditions on body size and shape variation and sexual dimorphism. Our results indicate that body size and shape are highly variable among populations. Sea surface temperature and island perimeter, but not evolutionary history as depicted by phylogeographic patterns in this species, explain variation in body size among populations. Conversely, evolutionary history, but not environmental parameters or island size, was found to influence variation in body shape among populations. Finally, in all populations except one, we found strong sexual dimorphism in body size and shape in which males are larger, with higher heads than females, while females have longer heads than males. Differences among populations suggest that plasticity and/or genetic adaptation may shape body size and shape variation in marine iguanas. This study will help target future investigations to address the contribution of plasticity versus genetic adaptation on size and shape variation in marine iguanas.

Published
2016
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16. Self-righting potential and the evolution of shell shape in Galápagos tortoises

Author

Julien Claude, Ylenia Chiari, Adalgisa Caccone, Benjamin Gilles, Arie van der Meijden, University of South Alabama, Universidade do Porto, Yale University [New Haven], Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Image & Interaction (ICAR), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier (LIRMM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Male, 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Adaptive value, Movement, Shell (structure), lcsh:Medicine, Zoology, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Animal Shells, Animals, Mating, lcsh:Science, Multidisciplinary, lcsh:R, Biological evolution, Biological Evolution, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Biomechanical Phenomena, Turtles, 030104 developmental biology, Female, lcsh:Q, Evolutionary ecology
Abstract

Self-righting, the capacity of an animal to self-turn after falling on its back, is a fitness-related trait. Delayed self-righting can result in loss of mating opportunities or death. Traits involved in self-righting may therefore be under selection. Galápagos giant tortoises have two main shell morphologies - saddleback and domed – that have been proposed to be adaptive. The more sloped shape on the sides of the shell and the longer extension of neck and legs of the saddlebacks could have evolved to optimize self-righting. The drier environments with more uneven surfaces where the saddleback tortoises occur increases their risk to fall on their back while walking. The ability to fast overturn could reduce the danger of dying. To test this hypothesis, we used 3D shell reconstructions of 89 Galápagos giant tortoises from three domed and two saddleback species to compare self-righting potential of the two shell morphotypes. Our results indicate that saddleback shells require higher energy input to self-right than domed ones. This suggests that several traits associated with the saddleback shell morphology could have evolved to facilitate self-righting. Studying the functional performances of fitness-related traits, as in this work, could provide important insight into the adaptive value of traits.

Published
2017
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17. Effects of in situ CO2 enrichment on Posidonia oceanica epiphytic community composition and mineralogy

Author

Jean-Pierre Gattuso, Merinda C. Nash, M. Déniel, A. Le Fur, E. Legrand, P. Mahacek, Samir Alliouane, Sophie G. Martin, Frédéric Gazeau, T. E. Cox, Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dauphin Island Sea Lab, University of South Alabama, Australian National University (ANU), Smithsonian Institution, Ecogéochimie et Fonctionnement des Ecosystèmes Benthiques (EFEB), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations, Sciences Po (Sciences Po), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (ADMM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Institut du Développement Durable et des Relations Internationales (IDDRI), and Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Paris

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Water flow, Mineralogy, Aquatic Science, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Botany, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Ecology, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Coralline algae, Ocean acidification, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Seagrass, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Posidonia oceanica, Carbon dioxide, Epiphyte, [SDV.EE.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Bioclimatology, Calcareous
Abstract

International audience; Alterations in seagrass epiphytic communities are expected under future ocean acidification conditions, yet this hypothesis has been little tested in situ. A Free Ocean Carbon Dioxide Enrichment system was used to lower pH by a ~0.3 unit offset within a partially enclosed portion (1.7 m3) of a Posidonia oceanica meadow (11 m depth) between June 21 and November 3, 2014. Leaf epiphytic community composition (% cover) and bulk epiphytic mineralogy were compared every 4 weeks within three treatments, located in the same meadow: a pH-manipulated (experimental enclosure) and a control enclosure, as well as a nearby ambient area. Percent coverage of invertebrate calcifiers and crustose coralline algae (CCA) did not appear to be affected by the lowered pH. Furthermore, fleshy algae did not proliferate at lowered pH. Only Foraminifera, which covered less than 3% of leaf surfaces, declined in manner consistent with ocean acidification predictions. Bulk epiphytic magnesium carbonate composition was similar between treatments and percentage of magnesium appeared to increase from summer to autumn. CCA did not exhibit any visible skeleton dissolution or mineral alteration at lowered pH and carbonate saturation state. Negative impacts from ocean acidification on P. oceanica epiphytic communities were smaller than expected. Epiphytic calcifiers were possibly protected from the pH treatment due to host plant photosynthesis inside the enclosure where water flow is slowed. The more positive outcome than expected suggests that calcareous members of epiphytic communities may find refuge in some conditions and be resilient to environmentally relevant changes in carbonate chemistry.

Published
2017
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18. Amelotin: an enamel matrix protein that experienced distinct evolutionary histories in amphibians, sauropsids and mammals

Author

T. Davit-Béal, Jean-Yves Sire, Barbara Gasse, Ylenia Chiari, Jérémie Silvent, Evolution Paris Seine, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of South Alabama, and Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)

Subjects
Lineage (genetic), Bioinformatics, Evolution, RNA Splicing, In silico, Molecular Sequence Data, Zoology, Sequence alignment, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Biology, Evolution, Molecular, Dental Enamel Proteins, stomatognathic system, Amelogenesis, Gene expression, Animals, Dental Enamel, Coelacanth, Gene, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Mammals, Base Sequence, Enamel paint, biology.organism_classification, Tetrapods, Enamel, Evolutionary biology, visual_art, Vertebrates, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Sequence Alignment, Research Article
Abstract

Background Amelotin (AMTN) is an ameloblast-secreted protein that belongs to the secretory calcium-binding phosphoprotein (SCPP) family, which originated in early vertebrates. In rodents, AMTN is expressed during the maturation stage of amelogenesis only. This expression pattern strongly differs from the spatiotemporal expression of other ameloblast-secreted SCPPs, such as the enamel matrix proteins (EMPs). Furthermore, AMTN was characterized in rodents only. In this study, we applied various approaches, including in silico screening of databases, PCRs and transcriptome sequencing to characterize AMTN sequences in sauropsids and amphibians, and compared them to available mammalian and coelacanth sequences. Results We showed that (i) AMTN is tooth (enamel) specific and underwent pseudogenization in toothless turtles and birds, and (ii) the AMTN structure changed during tetrapod evolution. To infer AMTN function, we studied spatiotemporal expression of AMTN during amelogenesis in a salamander and a lizard, and compared the results with available expression data from mouse. We found that AMTN is expressed throughout amelogenesis in non-mammalian tetrapods, in contrast to its expression limited to enamel maturation in rodents. Conclusions Taken together our findings suggest that AMTN was primarily an EMP. Its functions were conserved in amphibians and sauropsids while a change occurred early in the mammalian lineage, modifying its expression pattern during amelogenesis and its gene structure. These changes likely led to a partial loss of AMTN function and could have a link with the emergence of prismatic enamel in mammals. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-015-0329-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Published
2015
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19. Densities of short uniform random walks in higher dimensions

Author

Armin Straub, Jonathan M. Borwein, Christophe Vignat, University of Newcastle [Australia] (UoN), University of South Alabama, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Discrete mathematics, Mathematics - Number Theory, Applied Mathematics, media_common.quotation_subject, 010102 general mathematics, 0102 computer and information sciences, Random walk, 01 natural sciences, Hypergeometric distribution, Moment (mathematics), Narayana number, [MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], Surprise, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Mathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEs, Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA), FOS: Mathematics, Number Theory (math.NT), 0101 mathematics, Focus (optics), Analysis, media_common, Mathematics
Abstract

We study arithmetic properties of short uniform random walks in arbitrary dimensions, with a focus on explicit (hypergeometric) evaluations of the moment functions and probability densities in the case of up to five steps. Somewhat to our surprise, we are able to provide complete extensions to arbitrary dimensions for most of the central results known in the two-dimensional case., Comment: 42 pages

Published
2015
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20. The Marine Microbial Eukaryote Transcriptome Sequencing Project (MMETSP): illuminating the functional diversity of eukaryotic life in the oceans through transcriptome sequencing

Author

Mary Ann Moran, Ronald P. Kiene, Matthew D. Johnson, Jennifer L. Jacobi, Gwenael Piganeau, Kjetill S. Jakobsen, Simon K. Davy, Edward C. Theriot, Uwe John, Alexander Kudryavtsev, Sarah R. Smith, Bente Edvardsen, Cristina Miceli, Adrian Marchetti, Karin Rengefors, Tatiana A. Rynearson, John M. Archibald, Matthew C. Posewitz, Brian Palenik, Alexandra Z. Worden, Pooja E. Umale, Boris Wawrik, Laura A. Katz, Satoshi Nagai, Anja Kamp, Lisa Campbell, Kathryn J. Coyne, Thomas Mock, E. Virginia Armbrust, Fabien Burki, Adriana Zingone, Sonya T. Dyhrman, Mary E. Rumpho, Bank Beszteri, Giovanna Romano, Declan C. Schroeder, Callum J. Bell, Yan Xu, Bassem Allam, Kay D. Bidle, Bethany D. Jenkins, Kelly B. Schilling, Giulio Petroni, David Roy Smith, Aurora M. Nedelcu, Arvind K. Bharti, Connie Lovejoy, Stephanie Guida, Spencer J. Greenwood, Peter Stief, David A. Caron, Senjie Lin, Marina Montresor, Denis H. Lynn, Patrick J. Keeling, Glen L. Wheeler, Linda A. Amaral-Zettler, Daniel Vaulot, Jan Pawlowski, Ruth D. Gates, Brian S. Leander, Heather M. Wilcox, Andrew R. Juhl, Govind Nadathur, Erick R. James, Rose Ann Cattolico, Alastair G. B. Simpson, Susanne Menden-Deuer, G. Jason Smith, George B. McManus, Christopher J. Gobler, Heidi M. Sosik, Connor Cameron, Jackie L. Collier, Shauna A. Murray, Scott N. Twary, William H. Wilson, Claudio H. Slamovits, Peter B. Ngam, Phillipe Deschamps, Eric E. Allen, Roberts, Roland G, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), Department of Botany, University of British Columbia [Vancouver], Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI), Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences [Stony Brook] (SoMAS), Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), Marine Biology Research Division, University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), The Josephine Bay Paul Center for comparative molecular biology and evolution, Department of Geological Sciences [Providence], Brown University, School of Oceanography [Seattle], University of Washington [Seattle], Department of biochemistry & molecular biology, Dalhousie University [Halifax], National center for genome resources (NCGR), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Institute of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey [New Brunswick] (RU), Rutgers University System (Rutgers)-Rutgers University System (Rutgers), Department of Oceanography [College Station], Texas A&M University [College Station], Department of biology, University of Southern California (USC), University of Delaware [Newark], School of biological sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of earth and environmental sciences and the Lamont-Doherty earth observatory, Columbia University [New York], Department of Molecular Biosciences [Oslo], Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO), Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology (HIMB), Department of biomedical sciences, University of Prince Edward Island, Graduate School of Oceanography [Narragansett], University of Rhode Island (URI), Department of cell and molecular biology, University of Rhode Island, University of Rhode Island (URI)-University of Rhode Island (URI), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Jacobs University [Bremen], Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Department of biological sciences, Smith College [Northampton], University of South Alabama, Department of invertebrate zoology, Saint Petersburg State Technical University, Saint Petersburg State Polytechnical University (SPSPU)-Saint Petersburg State Polytechnical University (SPSPU), Department of genetics and evolution, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Department of Marine sciences, University of Connecticut (UCONN), département de biologie, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Department of zoology, University of British Columbia (UBC), Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences [NCSU] (MEAS), North Carolina State University [Raleigh] (NC State), University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC), University of New Brunswick (UNB), School of biosciences and biotechnology, Università degli Studi di Camerino = University of Camerino (UNICAM), School of Environmental Sciences [Norwich], University of East Anglia [Norwich] (UEA), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Plant Functional Biology and Climate Change Cluster (C3), University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Department of Marrine sciences, University of Puerto Rico (UPR), National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Biologie intégrative des organismes marins (BIOM), Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Chemistry and Geochemistry, Colorado School of Mines, department of biology, Lund University [Lund], Department of molecular and cell biology, Marine Biological Association of the UK, University of Western Ontario (UWO), Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, Section of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Diversité et Interactions au sein du Plancton Océanique (DIPO), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), department of microbiology and plant biology, University of Oklahoma (OU), Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML), Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, Princeton University, University of Britsh Columbia [Vancouver], University of California-University of California, University of Geneva [Switzerland], Università degli Studi di Camerino (UNICAM), Plymouth Marine Laboratory, and Roberts, Roland G.

Subjects
Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), Databases, Factual, animal genomics, Immunology and Microbiology (all), Biochemistry, Medical and Health Sciences, Transcriptome, transcriptome analysis, Community Page, sequence databases, Environmental Microbiology, Biology (General), Molecular Sequence Data, Sequence Analysis, Biodiversity, Eukaryota, Oceans and Seas, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all), Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), Neuroscience (all), Medicine (all), Genetics, General Neuroscience, marine ecology, Biological Sciences, genome sequencing, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Biologie, QH301-705.5, Sequence analysis, Ecology (disciplines), Marine Biology, Genomics, Biology, Microbiology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, DNA sequencing, Databases, Microbial ecology, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], 14. Life underwater, Life Below Water, Factual, Comparative genomics, Marine biology, Evolutionary Biology, General Immunology and Microbiology, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Human Genome, Biology and Life Sciences, 15. Life on land, Evolutionary biology, plant genomics, Generic health relevance, genomic library construction, Genomic databases, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Microbial ecology is plagued by problems of an abstract nature. Cell sizes are so small and population sizes so large that both are virtually incomprehensible. Niches are so far from our everyday experience as to make their very definition elusive. Organisms that may be abundant and critical to our survival are little understood, seldom described and/or cultured, and sometimes yet to be even seen. One way to confront these problems is to use data of an even more abstract nature: molecular sequence data. Massive environmental nucleic acid sequencing, such as metagenomics or metatranscriptomics, promises functional analysis of microbial communities as a whole, without prior knowledge of which organisms are in the environment or exactly how they are interacting. But sequence-based ecological studies nearly always use a comparative approach, and that requires relevant reference sequences, which are an extremely limited resource when it comes to microbial eukaryotes [1]. In practice, this means sequence databases need to be populated with enormous quantities of data for which we have some certainties about the source. Most important is the taxonomic identity of the organism from which a sequence is derived and as much functional identification of the encoded proteins as possible. In an ideal world, such information would be available as a large set of complete, well-curated, and annotated genomes for all the major organisms from the environment in question. Reality substantially diverges from this ideal, but at least for bacterial molecular ecology, there is a database consisting of thousands of complete genomes from a wide range of taxa, supplemented by a phylogeny-driven approach to diversifying genomics [2]. For eukaryotes, the number of available genomes is far, far fewer, and we have relied much more heavily on random growth of sequence databases [3],[4], raising the question as to whether this is fit for purpose.

Published
2014
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21. A direct vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque elasticity reconstruction method based on an original material-finite element formulation: theoretical framework

Author

Roderic I. Pettigrew, Adeline Bouvier, Simon Le Floc'h, Marvin M. Doyley, Guy Cloutier, Saami K. Yazdani, Gérard Finet, Jacques Ohayon, Flavien Deleaval, Chauvière, Arnaud, Dynamiques Cellulaire, Tissulaire & Microscopie fonctionnelle (TIMC-IMAG-DyCTiM), Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble - UMR 5525 (TIMC-IMAG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Rochester [USA], Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Department of Hemodynamics and Interventional Cardiology, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Mécanique et Génie Civil (LMGC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Couplages en Géomécanique et Biomécanique (CGB), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratory of Biorheology and Medical Ultrasonics (LBUM), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Hospital Research Center, Laboratory of Integrative Cardiovascular Imaging Science, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Polytech Annecy-Chambéry (EPU [Ecole Polytechnique Universitaire de l'Université de Savoie]), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Dynamique Cellulaire et Tissulaire- Interdisciplinarité, Modèles & Microscopies (TIMC-IMAG-DyCTiM), and VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)

Subjects
Materials science, Time Factors, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Finite Element Analysis, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Classification of discontinuities, medicine.disease_cause, Article, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Stress (mechanics), 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Intravascular ultrasound, medicine, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Elasticity (economics), Extended finite element method, Ultrasonography, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, medicine.diagnostic_test, Inverse problem, Vulnerable plaque, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Finite element method, Plaque, Atherosclerotic, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [INFO.INFO-MO] Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Algorithms, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

International audience; The peak cap stress (PCS) amplitude is recognized as a biomechanical predictor of vulnerable plaque (VP) rupture. However, quantifying PCS in vivo remains a challenge since the stress depends on the plaque mechanical properties. In response, an iterative material finite element (FE) elasticity reconstruction method using strain measurements has been implemented for the solution of these inverse problems. Although this approach could resolve the mechanical characterization of VPs, it suffers from major limitations since (i) it is not adapted to characterize VPs exhibiting high material discontinuities between inclusions, and (ii) does not permit real time elasticity reconstruction for clinical use. The present theoretical study was therefore designed to develop a direct material-FE algorithm for elasticity reconstruction problems which accounts for material heterogeneities. We originally modified and adapted the extended FE method (Xfem), used mainly in crack analysis, to model material heterogeneities. This new algorithm was successfully applied to six coronary lesions of patients imaged in vivo with intravascular ultrasound. The results demonstrated that the mean relative absolute errors of the reconstructed Young's moduli obtained for the arterial wall, fibrosis, necrotic core, and calcified regions of the VPs decreased from 95.3 ± 15.56%, 98.85 ± 72.42%, 103.29 ± 111.86% and 95.3 ± 10.49%, respectively, to values smaller than 2.6 × 10(-8) ± 5.7 × 10(-8)% (i.e. close to the exact solutions) when including modified-Xfem method into our direct elasticity reconstruction method.

Published
2013
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22. Regulation of Leaf Breakdown by Fungi in Streams: Influences of Water Chemistry

Author

Eric Chauvet, Keller Suberkropp, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), University of Alabama (USA), Laboratoire Ecologie fonctionnelle et Environnement - EcoLab (Toulouse, France), University of South Alabama, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Nitrogen, Biodiversité et Ecologie, Alkalinity, chemistry.chemical_element, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Decomposer, chemistry.chemical_compound, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Nutrient, Nitrate, ATP concentrations, Leaf-decomposing fungi, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Ecologie, Environnement, Fungal reproductive activity, Decomposition, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Phosphorus, Leaf litter, 15. Life on land, Plant litter, Phosphate, Aquatic hyphomycetes, Ecosystèmes, chemistry, Interactions entre organismes, Litter, Stream, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract

International audience; We examined the influence of stream water chemistry on relationships between fungal activity and breakdown rates of yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) leaves in eight streams that varied with respect to pH and nutrient (nitrate and phosphate) con- centrations. We also performed a reciprocal exchange experiment of leaves that had been colonized by microorganisms in two streams with contrasting water chemistries. Decom- poser activity varied greatly depending on the stream in which the leaves were placed. Variation in breakdown rates of yellow poplar leaves was over 9-fold maximum ATP concentrations associated with leaves varied as much as 8-fold, and maximum sporulation rates of fungi associated with leaves varied over 80-fold among streams. Among all streams, nitrate, phosphate, and temperature were positively correlated with one another and with decomposer biomass and activity. When hardwater streams were analyzed separately, nitrate concentration was the only variable that was significantly correlated with all measures of microbial activity and leaf breakdown. Consequently, nitrate concentration appeared to explain much of the variation we detected among streams. Responses to the reciprocal exchange experiment were rapid, with significant changes occurring within the first 5 d after the transfer. Leaves transferred from the hardwater stream containing relatively high concentrations of nitrate and phosphate to the softwater stream containing low concentra- tions of nutrients exhibited by large decreases in both ATP concentrations and sporulation rates, whereas ATP concentrations and sporulation rates increased when leaves received the reciprocal transfer. The fungi associated with decomposing leaves in streams appear to obtain a significant portion of their nutrients (e.g., nitrogen and phosphorus) from the water passing over the leaf surface. These results indicate that the chemistry of the water can be an important regulator of leaf breakdown in streams by affecting the activity of decomposer fungi.

Published
1995
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23. Exclusion of two candidate genes, Spnb-2 and Ddc, for the wobbler spinal muscular atrophy gene on proximal mouse Chromosome 11

Author

Jean Thibault, G. Bruneau, Klemens Kaupmann, Steven R. Goodman, Andreas Lengeling, Krieger M, Michael L. Bloom, Warren E. Zimmer, Harald Jockusch, Yupo Ma, Universität Bielefeld = Bielefeld University, University of South Alabama, The Jackson Laboratory [Bar Harbor] (JAX), Chaire Biochimie cellulaire, and Collège de France (CdF (institution))

Subjects
Candidate gene, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biology, Muscular Atrophy, Spinal, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Atrophy Gene, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, Gene, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Haplotype, Chromosome Mapping, Chromosome, Spinal muscular atrophy, Mouse Chromosome, medicine.disease, Human genetics, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Muscular Atrophy, Haplotypes, Spinal Muscular Atrophy, Candidate Gene, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience

Published
1994
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24. A cellular and endocrine characterization of the original and induced corpus luteum after administration of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist or human chorionic gonadotropin on day five of the estrous cycle

Author

É.J.-P. Schmitt, J M Kluge, Ciro Moraes Barros, Peter A Fields, Michael J. Fields, William W. Thatcher, Theresa Diaz, University of Florida, Univ. Estadual de São Paulo, and University of South Alabama

Subjects
Involution (mathematics), endocrine system, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, medicine.drug_class, hCG, Biology, Buserelin, Chorionic Gonadotropin, Human chorionic gonadotropin, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone, Random Allocation, Estrus, Corpus Luteum, Luteal Cells, Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist, Internal medicine, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, reproductive and urinary physiology, Progesterone, Estrous cycle, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, urogenital system, General Medicine, Organ Size, Luteinizing Hormone, Dose–response relationship, Microscopy, Electron, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Animal Science and Zoology, Cattle, Female, Gonadotropin, Corpus luteum, Gonadotropins, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, Food Science, medicine.drug
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T18:54:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 1996-01-01 To determine whether injection of hCG or GnRH-agonist on d 5 after estrus (d 0) has a differential functional effect on an induced and the original corpus luteum (CL), two experiments were conducted. In Exp. 1, nonlactating Holstein cows were injected on d 5 with saline (n = 4; T1), a GnRH-agonist (Buserelin®, 8 μg i.m.; n = 4; T2), or hCG (1,000 IU, i.v., and 2,000 IU, i.m.; n = 4; T3). Induced CL were removed on d 13 and weights were different (GnRH-agonist < hCG). In vitro production of progesterone by CL tissue (μg/g; μg/CL) was affected by treatment (GnRH-agonist < hCG) and dose of LH (ng/mL) in culture media. Experiment 2 was a replicate of Exp. 1, except that the original CL was removed on d 17 for in vitro culture. Day-17 CL weights and in vitro production of progesterone by original CL were not affected by treatment. The daily rate of increase of plasma progesterone from d 6 to d 13 differed: saline < GnRH-agonist < hCG (P < .01). From d 14 to 17, the rate of plasma progesterone decrease was not different between treatments. Electron micrographic study of the original and induced CL indicates that LH-like exposure delays involution of steroidogenic luteal cells. In summary, the higher levels of progesterone from d 6 to d 13 of the estrous cycle following an injection of hCG vs GnRH-agonist on d 5 is due to a greater response of hCG-induced CL. Dept. of Dairy and Poultry Sciences University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 Department of Animal Science University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 Department of Pharmacology Univ. Estadual de São Paulo, São Paulo 18600 Dept. of Struct. and Cell. Biology University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688

Published
1996

25. A complex chromosomal rearrangement detected prenatally and studied by fluorescence in situ hybridization

Author

William G. Kearns, Cathy M. Tuck-Muller, Peter L. Pearson, Gail Stetten, Denise A.S. Batista, Jose E. Martinez, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), University of South Alabama, College of Medicine, and Kennedy Krieger Institute

Subjects
In situ, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Chromosomal translocation, Chromosomal rearrangement, Biology, Translocation, Genetic, Pregnancy, Prenatal Diagnosis, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Genetics (clinical), In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Chromosomal inversion, Chromosome Aberrations, medicine.diagnostic_test, Breakpoint, Cytogenetics, Fibroblasts, Telomere, Molecular biology, Chromosome Banding, Fetal Diseases, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1, Karyotyping, Chromosome Inversion, Amniocentesis, Female, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9, Comparative genomic hybridization, Fluorescence in situ hybridization
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:42:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 1993-09-01 We report of case of a complex chromosomal rearrangement detected prenatally and studied with traditional banding methods and fluorescence in situ hybridization. The combination of these techniques showed that four chromosomes were involved in the translocation. Nine breakpoints were proposed to explain these results. Some of the findings could only be detected with fluorescence in situ hybridization, demonstrating the usefulness of this technique in characterizing chromosomal abnormalities that would otherwise be difficult to interpret correctly with classical cytogenetics alone. © 1993 Springer-Verlag. Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21287-2501, MD Department of Genetics, Biosciences Institute University of São Paulo State, Botucatu, SP Department of Medical Genetics University of South Alabama, College of Medicine, Mobile Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 21287-2501, MD Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland Department of Pediatrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21287-2501, MD

Published
1993

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