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Made available in DSpace on 2022-05-01T09:31:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2022-01-01 The Atlantic Forest, a hotspot for biodiversity conservation, harbours five forest deer species (Mazama spp.). Due to their elusiveness, there is a severe scarcity of occurrence data to support ecological studies and conservation planning. Thus, we assembled an occurrence dataset of Atlantic Forest deer with reliable taxonomic information aggregating data from scat and camera traps surveys, and opportunistic data collection over the last 20 years. From 2002 to 2019, we surveyed 77 protected areas using scats detection dogs and genetically identifying the faecal samples. We successfully identified 1,147 out of 1,450 collected samples. From 2000 to 2020, we sampled six protected areas in 92 sampling points with 13,328 camera trap days of sampling effort. In addition, we established an active search for potential contributors within the scientific community and environmental consultants since 2010, offering a taxonomic identification service for camera traps images, and biological field-collected samples. With our efforts, we assembled a dataset with 1,456 records of forest deer occurrence at the Atlantic Forest. Of these records, 494 are from M. americana, 350 from M. bororo, 309 from M. gouazoubira, 268 from M. nana and 35 from M. nemorivaga. The faecal sampling was the most predominant method in these records (n = 1043) followed by photographs from camera traps (n = 388); both methods represent 98.2% of our dataset records. Most of the records (79.5%) in the dataset are inside protected areas (n = 1,130). Our dataset is the most comprehensive source of information on Neotropical forest deer occurrence to date. Deer Research and Conservation Center São Paulo State University, SP Federal University of Latin American Integration, PR Neotropical Institute: Research and Conservation, PR Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biodiversidade Universidade Federal Do Oeste Do Pará Santarém, PA Caipora Cooperativa, SC Wildlife Ecology Management and Conservation Lab (LEMaC) Forest Science Department “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture University of São Paulo, SP Manacá Institute, SP Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ecologia E Conservação Universidade Federal Do Paraná Instituto de Pesquisas Cananéia, SP Pró-Tapir Institute for Biodiversity, ES Instituto Nacional da Mata Atlântica, ES Federal University of Espírito Santo, ES Federal University of Maranhão, MA Laboratório de Biodiversidade Conservação e Ecologia de Animais Silvestres (LABCEAS) Programa de Pós-Graduação E Ecologia E Conservação Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Federal Do Paraná (UFPR), SP Deer Research and Conservation Center São Paulo State University, SP

The Golden Retriever muscular dystrophy (GRMD) is one of the best models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), with similar genotypic and phenotypic manifestations. Progressive proliferation of connective tissue in the endomysium of the muscle fibers occurs in parallel with the clinical course of the disease in GRMD animals. Previous studies suggest a relationship between mast cells and the deposition of fibrous tissue due to the release of mediators that recruit fibroblasts. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of mast cells and their relationship with muscle injury and fibrosis in GRMD dogs of different ages. Samples of muscle groups from six GRMD and four control dogs, aged 2 to 8 months, were collected and analyzed. The samples were processed and stained with HE, toluidine blue, and Azan trichrome. Our results showed that there was a significant increase in infiltration of mast cells in all muscle groups of GRMD dogs compared to the control group. The average number of mast cells, as well as the deposition of fibrous tissue, decreased with age in GRMD dogs. In the control group, all muscle types showed a significant increase in the amount of collagenous tissue. This suggests increased mast cell degranulation occurred in younger GRMD dogs, resulting in increased interstitial space and fibrous tissue in muscle, which then gradually decreased over time as the dogs aged. However, further studies are needed to clarify the role of mast cells in the pathogenesis of fibrosis. RESUMO: O cão Golden Retriever distrófico (Golden Retriever muscular dystrophy - GRMD) é um dos melhores modelos da distrofia muscular de Duchenne (DMD), com manifestações genotípicas e fenotípicas similares. A proliferação progressiva de tecido conjuntivo no endomísio das fibras musculares ocorre paralelamente ao curso clínico da doença em animais GRMD. Estudos anteriores sugerem uma relação entre os mastócitos e a deposição de tecido fibroso devido à liberação de mediadores que recrutam fibroblastos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a presença de mastócitos e sua relação com a lesão muscular e fibrose em cães GRMD de diferentes idades. Amostras de grupos musculares de seis GRMD e quatro controles, com idade entre 2 a 8 meses, foram coletadas e analisadas. As amostras foram processadas e coradas com HE, azul de toluidina e tricrômico de Azan. Nossos resultados mostraram que houve um aumento significativo na infiltração de mastócitos em todos os grupos musculares de cães GRMD em comparação com o grupo controle. O número médio de mastócitos, assim como a deposição de tecido fibroso, diminuiu com a idade em cães GRMD. No grupo controle, todos os tipos musculares mostraram um aumento significativo na quantidade de tecido colágeno. Isto sugere o aumento da degranulação de mastócitos em cães GRMD mais jovens, resultando em aumento do espaço intersticial e tecido fibroso no músculo, que então gradualmente diminuiu com o tempo à medida que os cães envelheceram. No entanto, mais estudos são necessários para esclarecer o papel dos mastócitos na patogênese da fibrose.

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:42:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-07-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Protecting riparian vegetation around streams is vital in reducing the detrimental effects of environmental change on freshwater ecosystems and in maintaining aquatic biodiversity. Thus, identifying ecological thresholds is useful for defining regulatory limits and for guiding the management of riparian zones towards the conservation of freshwater biota. Using nationwide data on fish and invertebrates occurring in small Brazilian streams, we estimated thresholds of native vegetation loss in which there are abrupt changes in the occurrence and abundance of freshwater bioindicators and tested whether there are congruent responses among different biomes, biological groups and riparian buffer sizes. Mean thresholds of native vegetation cover loss varied widely among biomes, buffer sizes and biological groups: ranging from 0.5% to 77.4% for fish, from 2.9% to 37.0% for aquatic invertebrates and from 3.8% to 43.2% for a subset of aquatic invertebrates. Confidence intervals for thresholds were wide, but the minimum values of these intervals were lower for the smaller riparian buffers (50 and 100 m) than larger ones (200 and 500 m), indicating that land use should be kept away from the streams. Also, thresholds occurred at a lower percentage of riparian vegetation loss in the smaller buffers, and were critically lower for invertebrates: reducing only 6.5% of native vegetation cover within a 50-m riparian buffer is enough to cross thresholds for invertebrates. Synthesis and applications. The high variability in biodiversity responses to loss of native riparian vegetation suggests caution in the use of a single riparian width for conservation actions or policy definitions nationwide. The most sensitive bioindicators can be used as early warning signals of abrupt changes in freshwater biodiversity. In practice, maintaining at least 50-m wide riparian reserves on each side of streams would be more effective to protect freshwater biodiversity in Brazil. However, incentives and conservation strategies to protect even wider riparian reserves (~100 m) and also taking into consideration the regional context will promote a greater benefit. This information should be used to set conservation goals and to create complementary mechanisms and policies to protect wider riparian reserves than those currently required by the federal law. Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA) Departamento de Biodiversidade Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologias para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei (UFSJ) Instituto Amazônico de Agriculturas Familiares Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) Laboratório de Hidrologia Florestal Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz Universidade de São Paulo (USP) Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia UNISINOS Departamento de Genética Ecologia e Evolução Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Instituto de Geociências Departamento de Geografia Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação de Ecossistemas Aquáticos Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT) Centro de Engenharias e Ciências Exatas Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE) Laboratório de Sistemática e Ecologia de Insetos Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES) Campus de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas Universidade Estadual de Goiás (UEG) Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Laboratório de Organismos Aquáticos (LOA) Departamento de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC) Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) Departamento de Entomologia Museu de Entomologia Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV) Instituto de Biociências Letras e Ciências Exatas Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação Departamento de Engenharia Ambiental Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) Programa de Pós Graduação em Biodiversidade (PPGBC) Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) Laboratório de Inteligência Artificial Eletrônica de Potência e Sistemas Digitais Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) Centro Universitário FG (UNIFG) Instituto Federal de Educação Ciencia e Tecnologia do Sul de Minas Gerais (IFSULDEMINAS) Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL) Departamento de Biologia Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais (PEA) Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) Instituto de Ciências e Tecnologia das Águas Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará (UFOPA) Museu de História Natural Capão da Imbuia (MHNCI) Instituto Nacional de Pesquisa do Pantanal (INPP) Campus Avançado do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG) Laboratório de Ecologia Centro de Estudos em Recursos Naturais (CERNA) Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS) Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change and Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Studies College of Marine & Environmental Sciences James Cook University Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Instituto de Biociências Letras e Ciências Exatas Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) CNPq: 465610/2014-5

Corn is among the short-cycle annual species used in agroforestry systems due to its adaptation to intercropping. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the corn yield, cultivar BIO Z 2365, in two types of agroforestry systems. The experiment was carried out in a forestry agroforestry system in two treatments: mechanized with mineral fertilizer and semi-mechanized with organic fertilizer. The experiment was carried out in a forestry agroforestry system (AFSs), with two treatments, mechanized with mineral fertilizers (MEC) and semi-mechanized with organic fertilizers (SMEC). Each treatment was composed of four crop strips (4 x 24 m) distributed with plants arranged at a distance of 0.50 m between lines, totaling four plots per treatment. A random collection of 20 plants per strip was used, and different variables related to production were evaluated. The productivity was estimated using the EMATER and Reetz methods and by estimating the direct yield. The t-test was adopted to verify the difference between treatments. The mechanized system was superior for all the variables evaluated, obtaining average yield of 41.6 bags ha-1. In the semi-mechanized system, the average yield was 29.2 bags ha-1. The performance of cultivar BIO Z 2365 was better in the mechanized system. However, the results revealed that the cultivation of short-cycle crops, despite technological restrictions in the experimental area, can mean an increase in income for small producers or act in reducing the costs of the implementation and maintenance in agroforestry systems; operating as an agent of economic sustainability.

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-06T16:21:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-06-01 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) In the southern Brasília Orogen, slices of an intensively reworked Paleoproterozoic basement occur. These are partially covered by a Neoproterozoic sequence of high-metamorphic grade, corresponding to the Socorro–Guaxupé Nappe and intruded by several Neoproterozoic plutonic rocks. In this contribution, we present thermobarometric and geochronological data of the basement rocks in the Campinas city, southern part of the Brasilia Orogen. The occurrence of mafic granulites included as lenses in mylonitic gneisses is described for the first time in a quarry located in the southern part of Campinas. Petrographic studies revealed high temperature paragenesis composed of orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, garnet, biotite, and plagioclase. We present thermobarometric results with conditions close to the metamorphic peak, at ca. 8.7–10 kbar and 820–890 °C, which characterize these rocks as medium-pressure mafic granulites. U–]Pb zircon ages of 2134 ± 6 Ma and 2156 ± 6 Ma were obtained for the host gneisses and the mafic granulite, respectively and interpreted as the timing of their igneous crystallization. Metamorphic zircon overgrowths in the mafic granulites show a concordia age of 608 ± 3 Ma. This age is coeval with one of the several episodes of melt crystallization reported in the southern Brasilia Orogen. The Paleoproterozoic ages of ca. 2.15 Ga suggest that the protoliths of the gneisses and granulites in the Campinas region are similar to the rocks of the Pouso Alegre Complex, which represents part of the lower São Francisco plate overthrusted by the Brasilia Orogen during the Neoproterozoic orogenic collage in southeastern Brazil. Departamento de Geologia e Recursos Naturais Instituto de Geociências Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) Instituto de Engenharia e Geociências Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará (UFOPA) Grupo Estrutural – Pedreira Basalto Departamento de Petrologia e Metalogenia Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP) Departamento de Petrologia e Metalogenia Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP) CNPq: 304471/2017–8

The energy balance closure obtained through the eddy covariance method is a problem which persists, despite advances in the development and improvement of instruments and recent efforts in the description of corrections and in the characterization of measuring uncertainties. In most places the sum of sensible and latent heat fluxes (H and λE) is less than available energy, i.e. the difference between net radiation (Rn) and soil heat flux (G). This study analyzed the annual and seasonal behavior of the energy partitioning and energy balance closure in the Caatinga Biome, which is a seasonally dry tropical forest located in the semiarid lands of Brazil, using the eddy covariance method. Results showed high seasonal variability in the energy partitioning. During the dry season, approximately 70% of Rn was converted into H and less than 5% of it was converted into latent heat flux (λE). During the wet season, the Rn portion converted into H and λE was similar: ˜ 40%. In annual terms, the Rn portion converted into H and λE was of the order of 50% and 20% respectively. The degree of the energy balance closure varied depending on the method used. When the closure was calculated using orthogonal regressions, the slope varied from 0.87 to 0.90 in 2014 and from 0.92 to 1.00 in 2015. However, when the closure was calculated by the energy balance ratio method, values varied from 0.70 to 0.79 in 2014 and from 0.73 to 0.82 in 2015. The closure was better in 2015 if compared to 2014 possibly due to the more intense turbulence observed in 2015 because friction velocity was higher than in 2014. The better closure in 2015 may also be associated with large eddies, which were more frequent in 2014 as evidenced by the correction coefficients for vertical wind velocity and water vapor and vertical wind velocity and sonic temperature. The energy balance closure was also analyzed considering atmospheric instability conditions and the best results were found under very unstable conditions, while the least expressive results were found under stable conditions. Under these conditions negative values of the energy balance ratio were also observed during dry and transition seasons, indicating that fluxes were reversed during these periods.

O objetivo neste trabalho e apresentar uma aplicacao na geociencia da termografia infravermelho para diagnosticar padroes termico-hidricos em solos com culturas irrigadas por potes de argila no oeste do Para, Amazonia. As imagens termograficas foram obtidas na unidade de referencia tecnologica (URT), instalada pelo projeto IrrigaPote, na comunidade de Lavras, no Oeste do Para. Foram realizados imageamentos a campo e analisados os padroes termicos nos seguintes alvos: T1: Aceroleira ( Malpighia emarginata ) sombreando solo com serrapilheira; T2: Aceroleira ( Malpighia emarginata ) sombreando solo sem serrapilheira; T3: Solo com serrapilheira; T4: Solo sem serrapilheira; e T5: Quintal agroflorestal contendo arvore secular com serrapilheira no solo. Os dados foram estratificados em valores extremos, medios, amplitude termica e analisada a umidade do solo. O diagnostico termografico no infravermelho proximo e os termogramas foram tratados no programa Flir Tools (6.3v). Os alvos termicos foram selecionados aleatoriamente, contabilizando-se 10 pontos nos cinco (05) tratamentos, totalizando-se 50 amostras. Fez-se analise estatistica descritiva em nivel de 5% de significância. Verificou-se diferencas termicas significativas entre solo exposto (T4=61,0°C) e no solo com serrapilheira (T3=43,8°C). Tambem, no solo sombreado com aceroleira na URT a temperaturas (T1=33,6°C) e no solo sombreado sem serrapilheira fora da URT (T2=32,7°C), evidenciando os efeitos da umidade no solo em decorrencia da irrigacao com potes de argila. As menores temperaturas (T5=30,3°C) foram detectadas no solo sombreado com arvore secular e existencia de serrapilheira na area do produtor rural. A regulacao termica evidencia que a irrigacao com potes de argila no solo esta alinhada aos objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel (ODS), principalmente o ODS 2 com a oferta de alimentos o ano todo; os ODS 6, 9 e 12, pois o reuso de agua da chuva na agricultura garante a producao de forma responsavel) e, ODS 13 como estrategia de regulacao termica para mitigar os efeitos decorrente de mudancas climaticas. A termografia infravermelho possui alto potencial de aplicacao em diferentes linhas de pesquisa na geociencia.

O presente trabalho objetivou identificar e analisar a dinâmica estratosferica dos eventos de influencia do Buraco de Ozonio Antartico (BOA) ocorridos sobre o Sul do Brasil no ano de 2016. Para atingir esse objetivo, buscou-se dias de reducao no conteudo de ozonio estratosferico com base em dados medios diarios da Coluna Total de Ozonio (CTO) obtidos pelo espectrofotometro Brewer instalado no Observatorio Espacial do Sul (OES/INPE) (29.443752 oS, 53.823084 oO; 488,7 metros) e pelo instrumento de medicao de Ozonio ( Ozone Monitoring Instrument - OMI) a bordo do satelite Aura da NASA. Para esses dias foram realizadas analises da dinâmica da estratosfera atraves de campos isentropicos de Vorticidade Potencial (PV) nos niveis de 600 e 700 K de temperatura potencial, utilizando as medias diarias de PV obtidas a partir das reanalises ERA-Interim do ECMWF ( European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecast ) a fim de verificar a origem das massas de ar pobres em ozonio, e desta forma, a confirmacao da origem dessas massas atraves das trajetorias retroativas obtidas com uso do modelo HYSPLIT ( HYbrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory) da NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ). Alem disso, imagens do conteudo de ozonio do satelite OMI foram utilizadas como tecnica complementar para verificar a atuacao do BOA sobre o Sul do Brasil. Usando a metodologia apresentada identificou-se 6 eventos de influencia do Buraco de Ozonio Antartico sobre o Sul do Brasil no ano de 2016 com percentagem de reducao media de 11% da CTO em relacao as climatologias mensais, confirmados pela passagem de filamentos polares estratosfericos sobre a regiao do OES, observados nos campos isentropicos de VP nos niveis de 600 e 700 K de temperatura potencial assim como pelas trajetorias retroativas de origem polar obtidas no modelo HYSPLIT.

International audience; Toxicity of methylmercury (MeHg) to wildlife and humans results from its binding to cysteine residues of proteins, forming MeHg-cysteinate (MeHgCys) complexes that hinder biological functions. MeHgCys complexes can be detoxified in vivo, yet how this occurs is unknown. We report that MeHgCys complexes are transformed into selenocysteinate [Hg(Sec)4] complexes in multiple animals from two phyla (a waterbird, freshwater fish, and earthworms) sampled in different geographical areas and contaminated by different Hg sources. In addition, high energy-resolution X-ray absorption spectroscopy (HR-XANES) and chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry of the waterbird liver support the binding of Hg(Sec)4 to selenoprotein P and biomineralization of Hg(Sec)4 to chemically inert nanoparticulate mercury selenide (HgSe). The results provide a foundation for understanding mercury detoxification in higher organisms and suggest that the identified MeHgCys to Hg(Sec)4 demethylation pathway is common in nature.

Several phytogeographic regions (Cerrado, Pantanal, Atlantic Forest, Gran Chaco, and Chiquitano Dry Forests) converge in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, and influence regional biodiversity. Despite a list of birds in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul being published by Nunes et al. (2017), it is necessary to update and critically review avifauna records. In this study, we gathered the results of several records obtained from species lists and online data platforms of the 336 sites in this state over the last decades and grouped them into Main (Primary and Secondary) and Tertiary Lists. The avifauna of Mato Grosso do Sul is composed of 678 species, of which 643 (95%) have records proving their occurrence (Primary List), whereas 34 still lack documentation (Secondary List). The number of related species for Mato Grosso do Sul represents 34% of the Brazilian avifauna. Some species stand out for their unique occurrence in Mato Grosso do Sul, such as Melanerpes cactorum, Celeus lugubris, Phaethornis subochraceus, and Cantorchilus guarayanus, reflecting the influence of different phytogeographic regions of the Chaco and Chiquitano Dry Forests. Migrants represent 20% of the bird community occurring in the state, of which 93 species correspond to migrants from various regions of South America (south and west) and 40 to boreal migrants. Thirty?three species perform nomadic movements across the Pantanal Plain and other regions of the state. Thirty?one species are included in some conservation?threatened categories of global and/or national endangered species lists. Other 30 species are included in the near?threatened category at the global level and 23 at the national level. In addition, species typical of dry forests (in Serra da Bodoquena and Maciço do Urucum) and those from the Atlantic Forest in the south of the state deserve attention due to their restricted distribution and the high anthropogenic pressure on their habitat. Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-27T19:20:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Birds-of-MS-2022.pdf: 810279 bytes, checksum: 475fc9a6c3c8a24e1b2a8a004b336454 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2022

International audience; Polypodiaceae is one of the most diverse and abundant families of ferns in tropical and subtropical forests. Despite multiple studies investigating its phylogeny and taxonomy, several generic boundaries within the family still need clarification. One of the most problematic circumscriptions is that of Polypodium L., and one species that still contributes to this uncertainty is Polypodium chrysolepis Hook. The main goal of this study was to use molecular and morphological data to clarify the relationships of P. chrysolepis inside the polygrammoid clade. Sequences from three plastid regions (cpDNA – rbcL, rps4 and rps4–trnS IGS) from fifty species belonging to thirty-two genera of Polypodiaceae were analyzed using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. Polypodium chrysolepis constitutes an isolated lineage among the neotropical polygrammoid ferns, close to Serpocaulon and the grammitids, and is recognized here in a new genus. It can be distinguished by its entire leaves with free veins and peltate, pedicellate, lanceolate paraphyses. A new combination, Adetogramma chrysolepis, is proposed and a new taxonomic treatment is presented; its conservation status was assessed using IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.

The Amazon Basin is an unquestionable biodiversity hotspot, containing the highest freshwater biodiversity on earth and facing off a recent increase in anthropogenic threats. The current knowledge on the spatial distribution of the freshwater fish species is greatly deficient in this basin, preventing a comprehensive understanding of this hyper-diverse ecosystem as a whole. Filling this gap was the priority of a transnational collaborative project, i.e. the AmazonFish project - https://www.amazon-fish.com/. Relying on the outputs of this project, we provide the most complete fish species distribution records covering the whole Amazon drainage. The database, including 2,406 validated freshwater native fish species, 232,936 georeferenced records, results from an extensive survey of species distribution including 590 different sources (e.g. published articles, grey literature, online biodiversity databases and scientific collections from museums and universities worldwide) and field expeditions conducted during the project. This database, delivered at both georeferenced localities (21,500 localities) and sub-drainages grains (144 units), represents a highly valuable source of information for further studies on freshwater fish biodiversity, biogeography and conservation., Measurement(s)Diversity • Fish • spatial patternTechnology Type(s)digital curationFactor Type(s)geographic locationSample Characteristic - OrganismfishSample Characteristic - Environmentdrainage basinSample Characteristic - LocationAmazon Basin Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11920800

International audience; This work used micrometeorological measurements of temperature and wind in order to characterize the turbulence due to wind in a terra firme forest in Central Amazônia as part of the ATTO-CLAIRE / IOP-1 (2012) (Amazon Tall Tower Observatory-Cooperative LBA Airborne Regional Experiment / Intensive Observation Period-2012 / LBA-Large Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in the Amazônia). This research was conducted at the Uatumã ATTO Sustainable Development Reserve in the State of Amazonas, Brazil, from February to September, 2012, and used data from February 26 to September 07, 2012, dates that partially encompass the wet and dry seasons, respectively. The ATTO site has 5 towers: one that is 320 m, and four that are 80 m in height, and this research was conducted on an 80 m triangular tower. A total of ten 3D and 2D ultrasonic anemometers were installed on the tower, and the importance of these instruments used for flux measurements is also evident when taking into account the fact that the dissemination and diffusion of seeds and chemical composts in the forest happens through the action of turbulent fluxes. In order to understand the wind profile, the inflection point of the wind velocity, and coherent structures (ECs) and local turbulence, box-plot diagrams, quadrant analyses, wavelet potential spectrum, and energy potential analyses were conducted. The turbulence characterized at the ATTO had a roll or ramp structure during the study period, which represents favorable conditions for the maintenance of the forest during the wet and dry seasons in the Central Amazônia. RESUMO. Este trabalho faz uso de medidas micrometeorológicas de temperatura e vento, com finalidade de caracterizar a turbulência aerotransportada em uma floresta de terra firme na Amazônia Central, realizadas no experimento ATTO-CLAIRE / IOP-1 (2012) (Amazon Tall Tower Observatory-Cooperative LBA Airborne Regional Experiment / Intensive Observation Period-2012 / LBA-Large Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazônia), no sítio do ATTO, na Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Uatumã-AM (Brasil) nos meses de fevereiro a setembro de 2012, com dados analisados a partir do dia 26 de fevereiro de 2012 até o dia 7 de setembro de 2012, entre as estaçõesúmida e seca na Amazônia Central, no complexo de torres altas composto por 5 (cinco) torres; 1 (uma) de 320 m e 4 (quatro) de 80 m. Este trabalho foi realizado na torre triangular (80 m). Foram instalados 10 (dez) anemômetros ultrassônicos de 3D e 2D. Equipamentos necessários em método de fluxos, visto que, a disseminação e difusão de sementes e compostos químicos da floresta, faz-se também por fluxos turbulentos. Para compreensão do perfil de vento, ponto de inflexão do perfil da velocidade do vento, estruturas coerentes e a turbulência local, para tal desenvolveu-se a partir dos dados processados, diagrama de caixa (box-plot), análise de quadrantes, espectro de potência em ondeletas, espectro de energia. A turbulência caracterizada no ATTO, foi de estruturas do tipo "rolo" ou rampa, para o período estudado, condições favoráveis para manutenção da floresta em períodoúmido-seco na Amazônia Central. Palavras-chave: ponto de inflexão, rampa, ondeleta, turbulência.; Ce travail utilise des mesures micrométéorologiques de la température et du vent, dans le but de caractériser les turbulences aéroportées dans une forêt de montagne en Amazonie centrale, réalisées dans le cadre de l'expérience ATTO-CLAIRE / IOP-1 (2012) (Amazon Tall Tower Observatory-Cooperative LBA Expérimentation régionale aéroportée / Période d'observation intensive-2012 / LBA-Expérimentation biosphère-atmosphère à grande échelle en Amazônia), sur le site ATTO, dans la Réserve de développement durable d'Uatumã-AM (Brésil) de février à septembre 2012, avec données analysé du 26 février 2012 au 7 septembre 2012, entre les saisons humides et sèches en Amazonie centrale, dans le complexe de hautes tours composé de 5 (cinq) tours; 1 (un) de 320 m et 4 (quatre) de 80 m. Ces travaux ont été réalisés dans la tour triangulaire (80 m). Dix (10) anémomètres ultrasoniques 3D et 2D ont été installés. Équipement nécessaire à la méthode de l'écoulement, car la dissémination et la diffusion des graines et des composés chimiques de la forêt se font également par des écoulements turbulents. Pour comprendre le profil du vent, le point d'inflexion du profil de vitesse du vent, les structures cohérentes et la turbulence locale, il a été développé à partir des données traitées, du diagramme en boîte, de l'analyse des quadrants, du spectre de puissance des ondelettes, spectre énergétique. La turbulence caractérisée en ATTO, était de type "roller" ou rampe, pour la période étudiée, conditions favorables au maintien de la forêt en période humide-sèche en Amazonie centrale.; Este trabalho faz uso de medidas micrometeorológicas de temperatura e vento, com finalidade de caracterizar a turbulência aerotransportada em uma floresta de terra firme na Amazônia Central, realizadas no experimento ATTO-CLAIRE / IOP-1 (2012) (Amazon Tall Tower Observatory – Cooperative LBA Airborne Regional Experiment / Intensive Observation Period – 2012 / LBA – Large Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazônia), no sítio do ATTO, na Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Uatumã – AM (Brasil) nos meses de fevereiro a setembro de 2012, com dados analisados a partir do dia 26 de fevereiro de 2012 até o dia 7 de setembro de 2012, entre as estações úmida e seca na Amazônia Central, no complexo de torres altas composta de 5 (cinco) torres; uma de 320 m e 4 (quatro) de 80 m. Este trabalho foi realizado na torre triangular (80 m). Foram instalados 10 (dez) anemômetros ultrassônicos de 3D e 2D. Equipamentos necessários em método de fluxos, visto que, a disseminação e difusão de sementes e compostos químicos da floresta, faz-se também por fluxos turbulentos. Para compreensão do perfil de vento, ponto de inflexão do perfil da velocidade do vento, estruturas coerentes e a turbulência local, para tal desenvolveu-se a partir dos dados processados, diagrama de caixa (box-plot ), análise de quadrantes, espectro de potência em ondeletas, espectro de energia. A turbulência caracterizada no ATTO, foi de estruturas do tipo “rolo” ou rampa, para o período estudado, condições favoráveis para manutenção da floresta em período úmido-seco na Amazônia Central.

Graphical Abstract, Highlights • Toxoplasma gondii infections in animals are frequent, and the role of wildlife in its epidemiology is not well understood. • Samples from 226 wild animals from different Brazilian localities were submitted to mice bioassay and screened by PCR. • A total of 17 genotypes were identified, 13 identified for the first time and four already reported in published literature. • Most of genotypes here identified are different from previous studies in domestic animals and humans from Brazil., This study aimed to isolate and genotype T. gondii from Brazilian wildlife. For this purpose, 226 samples were submitted to mice bioassay and screened by PCR based on 18S rRNA sequences. A total of 15 T. gondii isolates were obtained, including samples from four armadillos (three Dasypus novemcinctus, one Euphractus sexcinctus), three collared anteaters (Tamandua tetradactyla), three whited-lipped peccaries (Tayassu pecari), one spotted paca (Cuniculus paca), one oncilla (Leopardus tigrinus), one hoary fox (Pseudalopex vetulus), one lineated woodpecker (Dryocopus lineatus) and one maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus). DNA from the isolates, originated from mice bioassay, and from the tissues of the wild animal, designated as “primary samples”, were genotyped by PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR/RFLP), using 12 genetic markers (SAG1, SAG2, alt.SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L258, PK1, CS3 and Apico). A total of 17 genotypes were identified, with 13 identified for the first time and four already reported in published literature. Results herein obtained corroborate previous studies in Brazil, confirming high diversity and revealing unique genotypes in this region. Given most of genotypes here identified are different from previous studies in domestic animals, future studies on T. gondii from wildlife is of interest to understand population genetics and structure of this parasite.

Este ensaio é composto por fotografias produzidas pelo pesquisador e principalmente oriundas do acervo pessoal dos interlocutores. Propõe-se a refletir as conexões entre a imagem fotográfica e o processo de constituição de memória coletiva (HALBWACHS, 1968) articuladas por ex-garimpeiros sobre o trabalho e a cotidianidade das relações elaboradas nos garimpos de ouro da região Amazônica, sobretudo os da área do Tapajós, que na década de 1970 e 1980 estiveram em grande efervescência e, pelos quais, os agentes interlocutores viveram por muitos anos de suas vidas.

Os estudos arqueobotânicos na Amazônia têm demonstrado resultados interessantes no que diz respeito à relação do ser humano e a paisagem. Nesse sentido, apresentaremos aqui alguns resultados relacionados a percepções sobre modificações na paisagem pretérita causados pelas populações que habitaram o sítio arqueológico Ilha de Santo Antônio no município de Porto Velho, Rondônia. Este sítio situado em uma ilha na cachoeira homônima inserida na região do alto rio Madeira, RO com datação holocênica de 7.740 ± 50 AP e mais recente relacionada aos povos da Tradição Policroma da Amazônia datados em 990 ± 40 AP. Analisou-se o vestígio arqueológico botânico, em específico as sementes, advindo de três setores escavados do sítio. Absctract: The archaeobotanical studies in the Amazônia have shown interesting results regarding the relation of the human being and the landscape. In this sense, we will present here some results related to perceptions about modifications in the past landscape caused by the populations that inhabited the archaeological site of Santo Antônio island in the municipality of Porto Velho, Rondônia. This site, as the name says, is situated on an island in the same waterfall in the region of upper Madeira, RO with a pleistocene dating of 7,740 ± 50 AP and more recent related to the people of the polychrome tradition of the Amazon dating to 990 ± 40 AP. The botanical archaeological vestige was analyzed, specifically the seeds, coming from three sectors excavated from the site. The data points to a different landscape in times past compared to the current scenario in which the site was located.

The influence of Amazonian floodplains on the hydrological, sedimentary, and biogeochemical river budget was investigated over a 2000-km reach. A process-based model relying on the closure of chemical fluxes and isotopic signals was implemented. On average for the whole studied reach, the overall fluxes of carbon associated with mineralization and aquatic photosynthesis were estimated to 35.7 and 15.3 Tg C yr21, respectively. Almost 57% of the carbon sequestrated by photosynthesis comes from aerial sources (flooded forest); the remaining 43% resulted from aquatic sources (va´rzea grasses and phytoplankton). The process rates substantially fluctuate over the annual cycle, depending particularly on the extension of flooded area and on the river?floodplain connectivity. As the river level declines, the drastic decrease of turbidity and the lower supply of carbon substrates promote autotrophy to the detriment of heterotrophy, leading to substantial changes of pH and gaseous equilibria in the river water. The main consequences are (i) the side-chain oxidation of dissolved organic matter leading to the concomitant rises of the carbon to nitrogen atomic ratio and nitrate contents and (ii) the sorption of hydrophobic humic acids, which fractionate 13C and thus lead to 13C-depleted particulate organic matter (fine fraction) compared to remaining dissolved organic matter. As the river flow rises, the heterotrophy prevails over autotrophy and this tends to attenuate the chemical signature imprinted by the latter. The significant contribution of aerial autochthonous sources to the budget of carbon indicates that the fluxes of mineralization are sustained by the net primary production of river corridors. The variable extension of submerged areas defines the proportions of CO2 exported by the river and released to the atmosphere. The rate of CO2 outgassing on the studied reach (18.8 Tg C yr21) represents about 50% of the incoming dissolved inorganic carbon flux. The rate of methane emission is estimated as 2.2 Tg C yr21 and that of denitrification is estimated as 0.87 Tg N yr21, representing 1.5 times the flux of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) exported by the Amazon River at the station of O ´ bidos (0.64 Tg N yr21). Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-17T07:35:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 biogeochemistry.pdf: 2242449 bytes, checksum: 3225583b0b4ca51b50a2e8c8b8a94cb7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-01

Diseases caused by microorganisms are responsible for strong limitations in the production of agricultural, and the main products used in the control them are synthetic chemical compounds that hold negative aspects regarding their extensive use. Thus, new alternative control methods, such as the use of natural products extracted from plants, have been investigated due to the lower impact on the environment. Therefore, in this study, we characterizing the secondary metabolites present in the essential oil, hexanic extract of the solid residue of priprioca (Cyperus articulatus L.) and their ability to promote the biological control of fungi Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus parasiticus. Tubers, rhizomes and roots of priprioca (rainy and dry period) were collected. The essential oil was extracted from the plant material by hydrodistillation (6h) in Clevenger. The solid residue was extracted into Soxhlet (hexane, 8h). The chemical analysis of the oil was by gas chromatography (GC-MS) and the hexane extract by thin layer chromatography (CCD). The antimicrobial test was performed by the disc diffusion method. The major compounds of the essential oil of priprioca in the two periods. In the hexane extract the presence of terpenes and fatty acids was verified. The hexane extract from the residue was not efficient against phytopathogens. There was greater inhibition for A. niger, when submitted to the oil of priprioca extracted in the dry period (18,6 mm). These data indicate the antifungal potential of the species against these fungi suggesting that it can be used for the biological control of the genus Aspergillus. KEYWORDS: Alternative control, Fungi, Phytopathogens., Las enfermedades causadas por microorganismos son responsables de limitaciones graves en la producción agrícolas, y los principales productos utilizados en el control de estos son compuestos químicos sintéticos que tienen aspectos negativos en cuanto a su uso extensivo. Con ello, nuevos métodos alternativos de control, como el uso de productos naturales extraídos de plantas han sido investigados debido al menor impacto al ambiente. Por lo tanto, en este estudio, se objetivó caracterizar los metabolitos secundarios presentes en el aceite esencial y en el extracto hexánico de priprioca (Cyperus articulatus L.) y su capacidad de promover el control biológico de los hongos Aspergillus niger y Aspergillus parasiticus. Se recogieron tubérculos, rizomas y raíces de priprioca (período lluvioso y seco). El aceite esencial fue extraído del material vegetal por hidrodestilación (6h) en Clevenger. El residuo sólido fue extraído en Soxhlet (hexano, 8h). El análisis químico del aceite fue por cromatografía gaseosa (CG-EM) y el extracto hexánico por cromatografía de capa delgada (CCD). El ensayo antimicrobiano fue realizado por el método de difusión en disco. Los compuestos mayoritarios del aceite esencial de priprioca en los dos períodos. En el extracto hexánico se verificó la presencia de terpenos y ácidos grasos. El extracto hexánico del residuo no fue eficaz contra los fitopatógenos. Se produjo una mayor inhibición para A. niger, cuando se sometió al aceite de priprioca extraído en el período seco (18,6 mm). Estos datos indican el potencial antifúngico de la especie frente a estos hongos sugiriendo que la misma puede ser utilizada para el control biológico del género Aspergillus.PALABRA CLAVE: Control alternativo, Fitopatógenos, Hongos., Doenças causadas por microrganismos são responsáveis por limitações graves na produção agrícola, e os principais produtos utilizados no controle dos mesmos são compostos químicos sintéticos que possuem aspectos negativos quanto ao seu uso extensivo. Com isso, novos métodos alternativos de controle, como o uso de produtos naturais extraídos de plantas, têm sido investigados devido ao menor impacto ao ambiente. Portanto, neste estudo, objetivou-se caracterizar os metabólitos secundários presentes no óleo essencial e no extrato hexânico do resíduo sólido de priprioca (Cyperus articulatus L.) e a sua capacidade de promover o controle biológico dos fungos Aspergillus niger e Aspergillus parasiticus. Foram coletados tubérculos, rizomas e raízes de priprioca (período chuvoso e seco). O óleo essencial foi extraído do material vegetal por hidrodestilação (6h) em Clevenger. O resíduo sólido foi extraído em Soxhlet (hexano, 8h). A análise química do óleo foi por cromatografia gasosa (CG-EM) e do extrato hexânico por cromatografia de camada delgada (CCD). O ensaio antimicrobiano foi realizado pelo método de difusão em disco. Os compostos majoritários do óleo essencial de priprioca nos dois períodos No extrato hexânico verificou-se a presença de terpenos e ácidos graxos. O extrato hexânico do resíduo não foi eficiente contra os fitopatógenos. Houve maior inibição para A. niger, quando submetido ao óleo de priprioca extraído no período seco (18,6 mm). Estes dados indicam o potencial antifúngico da espécie frente a esses fungos sugerindo que a mesma pode ser utilizada para o controle biológico do gênero Aspergillus.PALAVRA-CHAVE: Controle alternativo, Fitopatógenos, Fungos.

When animals are subjected to environmental conditions outside of the thermoneutral zone they develop survival strategies that can compromise their metabolic functions, principally with respect to food production. The objective of this study was to identify productive indices of native bees associated to environmental conditions in colonies of Melipona interrupta raised through beekeeping techniques in the Coroca community in the region of the Arapiuns River. In order to diagnose environmental conditions in the 15 bee colonies, infrared thermography was used. Rainfall in the region is concentrated between the months of January and June with the highest rainfall occurring in March and April (280 mm and 270 mm, respectively). In the rainy season average air temperature was higher than in the dry season, and this period is when the majority of native plant species flower, thus increasing the availability of food sources for bees and consequently the production of honey. Analysis of thermal patterns revealed that the area near the entry to the honey pots had higher temperatures, reaching 43.0 ºC with a thermal amplitude of 3.4 °C. At the walls of the boxes and in the spaces between the honey pots temperatures of 34.0 °C were detected which signals that the colony is experiencing thermal stress, in agreement with results from the literature from other studies on this subject. Since these bees use thermal-regulation strategies, a notable oscillation of temperature was detected near the honey pots, which can be explained by the capacity of wax to function as a material that provides isolation from heat and water. We conclude that the continued production of honey during the period of higher air temperatures reinforces the concept that these bees possess the capacity to adapt to changing climate conditions in this region.KEYWORDS: Ecosystem Services, Melipona interrupta, Meliponicultura, Thermal regulation., RESUMEN: Los animales cuando sometidos a condiciones ambientales fuera de la zona de termo neutralidad desarrollan estrategias de supervivencia que pueden comprometer sus funciones, principalmente en producción de alimentos a las poblaciones. Se objetivó identificar índices productivos de abejas nativas asociados a condiciones ambientales en colonias de Melipona interrupta criadas racionalmente en la comunidad Coroca, Rio Arapiuns. Fue realizada la bionomia de 15 colmenas durante un año y para diagnosticar las condiciones en colonias de esas abejas se utilizó un termógrafo infrarrojo. Las lluvias en la región se concentran entre los meses de Enero a Junio, siendo las mayores ofertas pluviales en los meses de Marzo y Abril, contabilizándose 280 mm y 270 mm, respectivamente. En el período menos lluvioso las temperaturas medias se encontraban más elevadas, siendo ese período el más propicio para floración de especies nativas, aumentando la oferta de alimentos a las abejas y consecuentemente aumentando la producción de miel. Los patrones térmicos en los blancos indicaron que la entrada de los potes de miel estaba con las temperaturas más elevadas, alcanzando 43,0 ºC con amplitud térmica de 3,4 °C. En la pared de las cajas y en los espacios entre los potes de miel fueron detectadas temperaturas semejantes de 34,0 °C que apuntaban indicios de estrés térmico, conforme resultados disponibles en la literatura. Como las abejas utilizan estrategias de termorregulação se notó reducida oscilación de la temperatura en los potes de miel, explicada por la capacidad de la cera en funcionar como aislante y conservante para las colmenas. Se concluye que la productividad de miel en el período de temperaturas más elevadas refuerza la adaptabilidad de esta especie a las condiciones climáticas de la región.PALABRAS CLAVE: Melipona interrupta, Meliponicultura, Servicios Ecosistémicos, Termorregulación., RESUMO: Os animais quando submetidos a condições ambientais fora da zona de termoneutralidade desenvolvem estratégias de sobrevivência que podem comprometer suas funcionalidades, principalmente na produção de alimentos às populações. Objetivou-se identificar índices produtivos de abelhas nativas associados às condições ambientais em colônias de Melipona interrupta criadas racionalmente na comunidade Coroca, Rio Arapiuns. Foi realizado a bionomia de 15 colmeias durante um ano e para diagnosticar as condições em colônias dessas abelhas utilizou-se um termógrafo infravermelho. As chuvas na região concentram-se entre os meses de janeiro a junho, sendo as maiores ofertas pluviais nos meses de março e abril, contabilizando-se 280 mm e 270 mm, respectivamente. No período menos chuvoso as temperaturas médias do ar encontravam-se mais elevadas, sendo esse período o mais propício à floração das espécies nativas, aumentando a oferta de alimentos às abelhas e consequentemente aumenta a produção de mel. Os padrões térmicos nos alvos indicaram que a entrada dos potes de mel estava com as temperaturas mais elevadas, atingindo 43,0 ºC com amplitude térmica de 3,4 °C. Na parede das caixas e nos espaços entre os potes de mel foram detectadas temperaturas semelhantes de 34,0 °C que apontavam indícios de estresse térmico, conforme resultados disponíveis na literatura. Como as abelhas utilizam estratégias de termorregulação notou-se reduzida oscilação da temperatura nos potes de mel, explicada pela capacidade da cera em funcionar como isolante e conservante para as colmeias. Conclui-se que a produtividade de mel no período das mais elevadas temperaturas reforça a adaptabilidade dessa espécie às condições climáticas da região.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Melipona interrupta, Meliponicultura, Serviços Ecossistêmicos, Termorregulação.

Roses are considered one of the most important ornamental plants in the flower market. With this in mind, employing new productive technologies for this culture is of great scientific and economic importance. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of BAP cytokinin on the induction of shoots in Rosa sp. in vitro. Nodal segments containing axillary buds of a commercial matrix of Rosa sp. were supplemented with various concentrations of BAP (0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 mg / L). The highest rates of responsive explants (which had buds) were obtained at the highest concentrations of BAP hormone, although there was no significant statistical difference at 5% between treatments. Therefore, the variation of the BAP concentration influenced the number of explants established in vitro, providing greater survival and sprouting in the nodal segments of Rosa sp.KEYWORDS: Micropropagation, Rose, Tissue culture., RESUMEN: Las rosas son consideradas una de las plantas ornamentales más importantes del mercado floricultor. Teniendo esto en cuenta, emplear nuevas tecnologías productivas para esta cultura es de gran importancia científica y económica. Por eso, el objetivo en este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de diferentes concentraciones de la citocina BAP sobre la inducción de brotes en Rosa sp. in vitro. Segmentos nodales que contienen gemas axilares de una matriz comercial de Rosa sp. se han suplementado con diversas concentraciones de BAP (0,0, 0,25, 0,5, 1,0, 1,5 mg / L). Las mayores tasas de explantes responsivos (que presentaron brotes) se obtuvieron en las mayores concentraciones de la hormona BAP, aunque no hubo diferencia estadística significativa en el 5% entre los tratamientos. Por lo tanto la variación de la concentración de BAP influenció en el número de explantes establecidos in vitro, proporcionando mayor supervivencia y brotaciones en los segmentos nodales de Rosa sp.PALABRAS CLAVE: Cultivo de tejidos, Micropropagación, Rosa., RESUMO: As rosas são consideradas uma das plantas ornamentais mais importantes do mercado floricultor. Tendo isto em vista, empregar novas tecnologias produtivas para esta cultura é de grande importância científica e econômica. Por isto, o objetivo neste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes concentrações da citocinina 6-benzilaminopurina (BAP) sobre a indução de brotos em Rosa sp. in vitro. Segmentos nodais contendo gemas axilares de uma matriz comercial de Rosa sp. foram suplementados com diversas concentrações de BAP (0,0; 0,25; 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 mg/L). As maiores taxas de explantes responsivos (que apresentaram brotações) foram obtidas nas maiores concentrações do hormônio BAP, embora não haja diferença estatística significativa a nível de 5% entre os tratamentos. Portanto a variação da concentração de BAP influenciou no número de explantes estabelecidos in vitro, proporcionando maior sobrevivência e brotações nos segmentos nodais de Rosa sp.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Cultura de tecidos, Micropropagação, Rosa.

Part 2: Ontologies and CPS; International audience; Knowledge representation and use are fundamental processes in many areas. The use of a semantic referential (i.e, a domain ontology and a set of related tools to exploit it) to represent knowledge has allowed the development of new mechanisms of semantic search, inferences, and analysis of complex content, but the development of a semantic referential is still a complex task, time-consuming and fundamentally performed by knowledge holders. Taking that into account this work discusses the development of a semantic referential applied to botanical identification process in the Brazilian Amazon area, mainly focused on the mechanisms of interaction and access to a domain ontology (named Onto-AmazonTimber) based on JENA API and SPARQL queries. The main aspects of the development of this work are presented and discussed here. Current challenges and open points are also addressed.

International audience; The morphological species delimitations (i.e. morphospecies) have long been the best way to avoid the taxonomic impediment and compare insect taxa biodiversity in highly diverse tropical and subtropical regions. The development of DNA barcoding, however, has shown great potential to replace (or at least complement) the morphospecies approach, with the advantage of relying on automated methods implemented in computer programs or even online rather than in often subjective morphological features. We sampled moths extensively for two years using light traps in a patch of the highly endangered Atlantic Forest of Brazil to produce a nearly complete census of arctiines (Noctuoidea: Erebidae), whose species richness was compared using different morphological and molecular approaches (DNA barcoding). A total of 1,075 barcode sequences of 286 morphospecies were analyzed. Based on the clustering method Barcode Index Number (BIN) we found a taxonomic bias of approximately 30% in our initial morphological assessment. However, a morphological reassessment revealed that the correspondence between morphospecies and molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) can be up to 94% if differences in genitalia morphology are evaluated in individuals of different MOTUs originated from the same morphospe-cies (putative cases of cryptic species), and by recording if individuals of different genders in different morphospecies merge together in the same MOTU (putative cases of sexual dimorphism). The results of two other clustering methods (i.e. Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery and 2% threshold) were very similar to those of the BIN approach. Using empirical data we have shown that DNA barcoding performed substantially better than the morphos-pecies approach, based on superficial morphology, to delimit species of a highly diverse moth taxon, and thus should be used in species inventories.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-03T13:11:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-05-03Bitstream added on 2014-12-03T13:23:30Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000335998700001.pdf: 1228029 bytes, checksum: 84dedbbbf21f58f450d34649576f49c3 (MD5) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) CDCH-UCV studentship from Venezuela Background: Mechanical transmission of the major livestock pathogen Trypanosoma vivax by other biting flies than tsetse allows its spread from Africa to the New World. Genetic studies are restricted to a small number of isolates and based on molecular markers that evolve too slowly to resolve the relationships between American and West African populations and, thus, unable us to uncover the recent history of T. vivax in the New World.Methods: T. vivax genetic diversity, population structure and the source of outbreaks was investigated through the microsatellite multiloci (7 loci) genotype (MLGs) analysis in South America (47isolates from Brazil, Venezuela and French Guiana) and West Africa (12 isolates from The Gambia, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Benin and Nigeria). Relationships among MLGs were explored using phylogenetic, principal component and STRUCTURE analyses.Results: Although closely phylogenetically related, for the first time, genetic differences were detected between T. vivax isolates from South America (11 genotypes/47 isolates) and West Africa (12 genotypes/12 isolates) with no MLGs in common. Diversity was far greater across West Africa than in South America, where genotypes from Brazil (MLG1-6), Venezuela (MLG7-10) and French Guiana (MLG11) shared similar but not identical allele composition. No MLG was exclusive to asymptomatic (endemic areas) or sick (outbreaks in non-endemic areas) animals, but only MLGs1, 2 and 3 were responsible for severe haematological and neurological disorders.Conclusions: Our results revealed closely related genotypes of T. vivax in Brazil and Venezuela, regardless of endemicity and clinical conditions of the infected livestock. The MLGs analysis from T. vivax across SA and WA support clonal propagation, and is consistent with the hypothesis that the SA populations examined here derived from common ancestors recently introduced from West Africa. The molecular markers defined here are valuable to assess the genetic diversity, to track the source and dispersion of outbreaks, and to explore the epidemiological and pathological significance of T. vivax genotypes. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Ciencias Biomed, Dept Parasitol, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil Cent Univ Venezuela, Fac Ciencias Med, Dept Patol Vet, Maracay, Aragua, Venezuela Ctr Int Rech Dev Elevage Zone Subhumide CIRDES, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso Univ Fed Oeste Para, Inst Biodiversidade & Floresta, Santarem, Para, Brazil Univ Fed Campina Grande, Hosp Vet, Patos de Minas, Paraiba, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Patol, Fac Vet, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Univ Fed Mato Grosso do Sul, Dept Vet Parasitol, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil Univ Fed Rural Semi Arido, Dept Ciencias Anim, Mossoro, RN, Brazil Univ Eduardo Mondlane, Ctr Biotecnol, Maputo, Mozambique Univ Pretoria, Fac Vet Sci, Dept Vet Trop Dis, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa Univ Exeter, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Exeter, Devon, England Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Patol, Fac Vet, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:29:05Z No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-05-27T14:43:05Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 2-s2.0-84880222372.pdf: 657550 bytes, checksum: 9081568c6a24732758156b767b248a97 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:29:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-05-01 The present study was developed in Departamentos de Engenharia Rural e Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal da FCAV/Unesp. The objective of evaluating different roof slopes and exposure in three types of coverage in models of animal installations. Project 48 built reduced models of wood were used with dimensions of 1,00 x 1,00 x 0,50 meters. The covering was one water, lateral and wood floor, disposed in the exhibitions North-south, being 24 prototypes in the north exhibition and 24 in the south. Were used in the covering roofs of ceramic type, galvanized steel and asbestos. The slopes varied of 20, 30, 40 and 50% for ceramic tile and 10, 30, 40 and 50% for the others and with two repetitions for slope. Inside the reduced models temperature readings were accomplished, of hour in hour during one year, for the system of acquisition of Data Logger Campbell Scientific-Ínc and externally the temperature of the air, incident radiation global solar, precipitation, speed and relative humidity of the air were measured. The results obtained during the experimental period of one year were appraised statistically for the statistical package SAS in the factorial outline, where three factors were considered: tile type, slope degree and exposure. The obtained averages were compared through the test of Tukey to 5% of probability. After analyzing the data we found that with increasing slope, there was a decrease in inside temperature in the cover prototypes, therefore, using steeper slopes with 50% of tipping ceramics and asbestos, with greater coverage on display South, we have lower temperatures in poultry houses in the geographic coordinates of the city of Jaboticabal. Dept̊ de Zootecnia da Universidade Federal Dos Vale de Jequitinhonha e Mucuri UFVJM, Diamantina, MG Dept de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal da Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP Dept̊ de Engenharia Rural UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP Discente de Doutorado em Melhoramento Genético UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP Pesquisador Do Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, PE Instituto de Biodiversidade Florestas da Universidade Federal Do Oeste Do Pará UFOPA, Santarém-PA Discente de Mestrado em Melhoramento Genético UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP Dept de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal da Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP Dept̊ de Engenharia Rural UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP Discente de Doutorado em Melhoramento Genético UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP Discente de Mestrado em Melhoramento Genético UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:44:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S1807-86722013000200011.pdf: 590280 bytes, checksum: 2e4c996e59b36c6183a642ad5c9843ab (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:44:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S1807-86722013000200011.pdf: 590280 bytes, checksum: 2e4c996e59b36c6183a642ad5c9843ab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:32:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1807-86722013000200011.pdf: 590280 bytes, checksum: 2e4c996e59b36c6183a642ad5c9843ab (MD5) S1807-86722013000200011.pdf.txt: 32467 bytes, checksum: 86f9116af6b7b49b8cb0e324c61c03ea (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:18:10Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S1807-86722013000200011.pdf: 590280 bytes, checksum: 2e4c996e59b36c6183a642ad5c9843ab (MD5) S1807-86722013000200011.pdf.txt: 32467 bytes, checksum: 86f9116af6b7b49b8cb0e324c61c03ea (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:18:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1807-86722013000200011.pdf: 590280 bytes, checksum: 2e4c996e59b36c6183a642ad5c9843ab (MD5) S1807-86722013000200011.pdf.txt: 32467 bytes, checksum: 86f9116af6b7b49b8cb0e324c61c03ea (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-01 Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a produção fecal por meio do indicador interno, fibra em detergente neutro indigestível (FDNi), e externos, cromo complexado com ácido etilenodiaminotetracético (Cr-EDTA ) e o cloreto de itérbio (YbCl3), além de estimar o fluxo duodenal da matéria seca e os coeficientes de digestibilidades aparentes total, ruminal e pós-ruminal, de diferentes nutrientes. Foram utilizadas oito novilhas mestiças Holandês/Zebu, distribuídas em duplo quadrado latino 4 x 4. Os indicadores Cr-EDTA, YbCl3 e o FDNi não estimaram produção fecal de forma eficiente (p < 0,05), obtendo resultado de 1,64; 1,71 e 2,71 kg dia-1, respectivamente, quando comparado à coleta total de fezes, que obteve resultado de 1,39 kg dia-1. Os valores estimados de fluxo de matéria seca, tanto para a metodologia de único, quanto para de duplo indicador, podem ser considerados biologicamente aceitáveis. Contudo, o valor obtido pela associação Cr-EDTA/YbCl3, utilizada na forma de duplo indicador, foi o mais confiável, pela melhor recuperação dos indicadores externos (Cr-EDTA e YbCl3), que obtiveram médias de 89 e 85%, respectivamente, em comparação ao interno (FDNi), que obteve média 67%. Os coeficientes de digestibilidade ruminal e pós ruminal, estimados pela associação Cr-EDTA/YbCl3, foram considerados melhores, em consequência do valor de fluxo de matéria seca estimado por esta associação. This study evaluated fecal excretion by means of the internal indicator indigestible neutral detergent fiber (iNDF) and external indicators such as chromium complexed with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Cr-EDTA) and ytterbium chloride (YbCl3), in addition to estimating the duodenal flow of dry matter and the total, ruminal and post-ruminal apparent digestibility coefficients. Eight crossbred Holstein x Zebu heifers were distributed into a 4 x 4 Latin square. Indicators Cr-EDTA, YbCl3and iNDF did not efficiently estimate the fecal production (p < 0.05), with results of 1.64, 1.71 and 2.71 kg day-1, respectively, compared with the total feces collection, which resulted in 1.39 kg day-1. The estimated values of dry matter flow, both for the methodologies of single and double indicator, can be considered biologically acceptable. However, the value obtained by the Cr-EDTA/YbCl3 association, used as a double indicator, was the most reliable, due to better recovery of the external indicators (Cr-EDTA and YbCl3), which have had averages of 89 and 85%, respectively, in comparison with the internal one (iNDF), which averaged 67%. The ruminal and post-ruminal digestibility coefficients, estimated by the Cr-EDTA/YbCl3 association, were considered the best indicators owing the dry matter flow estimated by this association. Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Departamento de Zootecnia Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Laboratório de Nutrição Animal Universidade de São Paulo Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz Departamento de Zootecnia Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Departamento de Zootecnia Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Laboratório de Nutrição Animal

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:42:34Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:42:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-05-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:29:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-05-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T15:08:12Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T15:08:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-05-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Existem diversas tecnologias para tratamento de efluentes, o processo de bioadição consiste em uma vertente da biorremediação e tem sido empregado na melhoria da qualidade dos efluentes através do tratamento da água de produção. Esta tecnologia consiste basicamente na adição de microrganismos com a capacidade de degradar ou remover compostos poluentes, especialmente matéria orgânica e nutrientes. Este estudo objetivou avaliar os efeitos da suplementação de composto bioativo sobre alguns parâmetros de matéria orgânica e de desempenho de juvenis de tilápias em um sistema intensivo de produção aquacultural. Foi empregada a combinação de dois consórcios bacterianos em delineamento inteiramente aleatorizado, em um esquema fatorial com dois fatores. As diferenças estatísticas entre os tratamentos foram analisadas por meio da análise de variância (ANOVA) e do teste de Tukey ao nível de 5%. Verificou-se neste estudo, que a bioadição heterotrófica foi capaz de reduzir em 23% a demanda bioquímica de oxigênio (DBO); em 83,7%, o carbono orgânico dissolvido (COD); e em 43%, a biomassa fitoplanctônica. Por outro lado, não se observou nenhum prejuízo com relação aos parâmetros físico-químicos de qualidade de água bem como ao desempenho de crescimento para juvenis de tilápias avaliados neste estudo. Several techniques are currently used to treat effluents. Bioaugmentation is a new bioremediation strategy and has been employed to improve effluent quality by treating the water during the production process. This technology consists basically of the addition of microorganisms able to degrade or remove polluting compounds, especially organic matter and nutrients. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of bioaugmentation on some parameters of organic matter and on the performance of juvenile tilapias in an intensive aquaculture production system. The combination of two bacterial consortiums in a complete randomized design was employed in a factorial analysis with two factors. Statistical differences between treatments were analyzed by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test at the 5% level. One of the treatments, heterotrophic bacterial supplementation, was able to reduce biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) by 23%, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) by 83.7% and phytoplanktonic biomass by 43%. on the other hand, no damage was done to either the physical-chemical indicators of water quality or to the growth performance of juvenile tilapias assessed in this study. Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará Instituto de Ciências e Tecnologia das Águas Universidade de São Paulo Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz Departamento de Ciências Exatas Faculdade de Jaguariúna Universidade de São Paulo Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz Departamento de Zootecnia Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) Meio Ambiente Laboratório de Ecossistemas Aquáticos Universidade Estadual Paulista Centro de Aqüicultura Universidade Estadual Paulista Centro de Aqüicultura

Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-21T20:32:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-10-22T09:48:01Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000354991600015.pdf: 435694 bytes, checksum: b5ad83e4f239cdc3eb0e307bd805b7ac (MD5) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Este estudo teve como objetivos obter produtos (surimi e fishburger) a partir da carne mecanicamente separada (CMS) de tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) e avaliar seus aspectos químicos, microbiológicos, nutricionais e sensoriais. Para elaboração do fishburger, a CMS foi submetida a lavagens sucessivas, obtendo-se um concentrado protéico definido como surimi. A caracterização química da CMS e do surimi foi determinada pelas análises da composição química (umidade, proteína e lipídeos) e do perfil de aminoácidos. As análises microbiológicas foram realizadas para Estafilococos, coliformes a 45 °C e Salmonella sp. A análise sensorial do fishburger foi realizada por meio da aplicação do teste de aceitação global, avaliando-se parâmetros como aparência, sabor, odor e textura. O surimi apresentou menores teores proteico (14,81%) e lipídico (7,15%) e maior umidade (75,44%) em comparação à CMS (P