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In una situazione di crisi generalizzata, oggi emerge sempre più prepotentemente la necessità di disporre di alloggi sociali per soddisfare la continua e crescente richiesta delle fasce sociali più deboli. La ricerca qui presentata intende individuare strategie per soddisfare tale fabbisogno. Edificare ex-novo o rigenerare, recuperando il costruito sottoutilizzato o abbandonato o degradato? Il degrado non si riferisce solo ai fattori fisici legati a situazioni di deterioramento degli edifici e dei quartieri, ma riguarda anche lo stato di decadimento sociale. "Costruire nel costruito" è un aforisma che intende sottolineare un modo di agire nella città e nel territorio attraverso operazioni di riuso, di recupero edilizio, di riqualificazione urbana e di rigenerazione. Con questa pratica si vogliono riannodare i legami con l’esistente per mantenere vivo il rapporto tra passato e presente in un’ottica interdisciplinare capace di leggere le interrelazioni complesse del sistema insediativo.

The Region of Murcia (Spain) has participated in the period 2008-2013, together with other regions of the Mediterranean area, in several European research projects financed with ERDF funds. These projects aim to propose methodologies and tools for improving the governance of urban and regional planning. Phenomena such as land consumption, changing in land uses or policies of territorial specialization planned by the government are essential for the balanced development of regions and cities. The results of these investigations have now materialized in new analysis and diagnostic methodologies in order to improve political governance in management and land use planning, and how to achieve a more sustainable development of our cities. This paper presents the results of one of these projects, called OSDDT, through territorial indicators and urban operational tools. The implementation of these new elements in the current sectoral legislation will allow generating new methods of study in urban and regional planning.

The success of sustainable urban planning lies with the accomplishment of environmental, economic, and social sustainability in urban areas. However, the requirements of a socially sustainable city are very unclear. This paper aims to bridge the existing theories on urban social sustainability across disciplines to provide planning pathways for socially sustainable cities. Critically reflecting on the current literature, this paper offers a detailed exploration of sustainable urban planning through the social lens. The study results in a conceptual framework by delineating three aspects: social environment, accessibility, and social infrastructure, as key contributors and discussed in detail.

As for any other discipline, urban planning can only be considered sustainable if it combines care for the environment with the satisfaction of social needs and economic balance. Given that women make up almost 50% of the world's population, urban planning that neglects women’s needs is not sustainable. Numerous studies show that mobility patterns vary according to gender and are linked to people’s daily activities, which also depend, among others, on the economic and educational level. The other way round, limited mobility opportunities lead to some women’s restricted access to particular activities. This work aims to briefly explain existing inequalities and their potential solutions under different boundary conditions. Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::5 - Igualtat de Gènere Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::5 - Igualtat de Gènere::5.4 - Reconèixer i valorar les cures no remunerades i el treball domèstic no remunerat, mitjançant la prestació de serveis públics, la provisió d’infraestructures i la formulació de polítiques de protecció social, així com mitjançant la promoció de la responsabilitat compartida a la llar i la família, segons escaigui a cada país Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::11 - Ciutats i Comunitats Sostenibles Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::11 - Ciutats i Comunitats Sostenibles::11.2 - Per a 2030, proporcionar accés a sistemes de transport segurs, assequibles, accessi­bles i sostenibles per a totes les persones, i millorar la seguretat viària, en particular mitjan­çant l’ampliació del transport públic, amb especial atenció a les necessitats de les persones en situació vulnerable, dones, nenes, nens, persones amb discapacitat i persones grans Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::5 - Igualtat de Gènere::5.1 - Posar fi a totes les formes de discriminació contra totes les dones i nenes a tot el món

The current climatic and health crisis has led, once again, to the questioning of urban planning of today's cities. This article collects the social demand from Usera and Villaverde districts in Madrid and shows the necessities of their compact and dense urban fabric derived from the obsolete configuration of real estate parks from the 1960s-70s Spanish Developmentalism. Quality public spaces and safe mobility can be potentially covered through the implementation of green infrastructures across the inter-block spaces, improving usability, mobility, and interior-exterior accessibility, while taking advantage of the large green perimeter available in both districts.

Walkability is the subject of an unprecedented multidisciplinary organizational effort, as it affects urban quality and health. Metropolitan cities with SUMPs also intend to improve and promote walkability according to the theoretical approach of the "Walkable City", based on continuity, balance, safety, comfort, accessibility, efficiency and attractiveness of places. With the SUMP, metropolitan cities must also govern the daily flows of city users, 'consumers' of cities, a consequence of economic and socio-cultural dynamics.How and in which communities do SUMPs act? Can the “Walkable City” answer the growing demand for urban mobility? These are the questions that guided the paper.

Ecological corridors (ECs) aim at establishing or maintaining ecological connectivity among habitat patches in terms of migration of wild species, climate change adaptation, and maintenance and restoration of ecological processes. In Sardinia, the Regional Landscape Plan (RLP) defines a spatial taxonomy of the region in relation to landscape components characterized by environmental relevance in order to establish protection levels. Building on previous research works, this study aims at defining and implementing a methodology to identify ECs connecting the Sardinian protected areas and at assessing the relations between ECs and the spatial taxonomy defined by the RLP.

The authors defined a methodology based on geo-statistical analysis techniques implemented in a GIS environment that measures and maps the territorial gaps at the sub-regional level. The measurement activity is based on the construction of a system of quantitative indicators sampled at the municipal level. The mapping activity is based on the calculation of the Moran correlation index and the elaboration of LISA cluster maps. The proposed presentation shows the results of the application of the methodology to the regions of Southern and Insular Italy (Abruzzo, Basilicata, Calabria, Campania, Molise, Puglia, Sicily and Sardinia).

The Covenant of Mayors (CoM) launched in 2008, is a voluntary initiative supporting the development of energy efficiency and climate-change responsive strategies, oriented to the achievement of the EU climate neutrality by 2050. Every CoM Signatory outlines its commitments into practical measures and projects by a Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan (SECAP). Among these measures, good practices (successful examples) developed by Signatories, have been selected as effective results of their interventions. The work focuses on the CoM Small Municipalities, highlighting the main features from their SECAPs and good practices, and selecting the suitable ones for the case study proposed of Castelsaraceno Municipality.

The construction of port infrastructures in urbanized coastal territories causes a great impact in the short and long term. The analysis of this impact is a very complex field due to the high number of variables involved. The criteria for analyzing these phenomena are usually based on the characteristics of the infrastructure to be built, but in the case of highly urbanized areas, there are other variables that are not normally taken into account. With the aim of giving an alternative approach to traditional analysis methods and relating the maximum number of possible variables, our study is given a multiparametric and retrospective approach based on GIS indicators. For this, the coastal area of the southeast of Spain is analyzed with the cartographic information that we have from the last 50 years. The changes suffered in the coastline caused by the construction of ports are analyzed in two dimensions and the statistical correlation of the different variables studied and the impact suffered on the coast are studied, such as the formation of tombolos and hemitombolos or salients, as well as coastal regression, even generation of sludge due to imbalances in sedimentary dynamics. The results can be used to enrich and improve the traditional analysis models for singular cases such as those studied.

Multifunctionality, i.e. nature’s capacity to deliver multiple ecosystem services (ESs), is a key component of a green infrastructure. Investigating multifunctionality through a structured model, grounded on spatial statistics and applied to spatial data on ES provision, can therefore lead to identifying areas of territorial specialization. By applying the model to Sardinian municipalities, this study shows that ESs are provided in bundles, and that some ESs compete with other, hence plan-making processes should carefully assess such trade-offs, as actions aiming at their enhancement can be detrimental to other ESs.

The objectives of the Green Deal require new circular economy approaches also starting from the management of construction and demolition waste. Circularity processes are affected both by regulatory actions and by physical, urban and industrial geographical aspects. The processes of industrial circularity are inserted in the territory where linear economies already exist by hybridizing them. In fact, localization processes of circular economies present cluster configurations. Furthermore, these circular economies are configured differently in relation to physical geography, to urban centers and transport infrastructures. The paper therefore aims to evaluate two case studies to extrapolate the risks and opportunities of the circular economy from construction and demolition waste (CDW).

Given the evolving nature of the existing communities and the incoming tourists, the study of tourist behavior incorporating cultural attitudes, community perceptions, and multiple characteristics of its stakeholders has become a key element in the overall analysis of tourism's impact and sustainable development of historic cities. This study attempts to explore the behavioral characteristics of tourists to analyze their influence on the holistic development of pilgrim cities. The research, undertaken in two pilgrim cities - Puri, Odisha, and Pushkar, Rajasthan, highlighted the demand for multidisciplinary decision making in the comprehensive development of tourist oriented cities.

In the present study, we have applied magnetics and geochemical analysis in order to investigate the heavy metal contamination in Helwan area, Cairo, Egypt. We have collected 52 soil samples from Industry zones and urban areas. We characterized the spatial pollution pattern using ICP-MS and found enrichments in seven potentially toxic heavy metals; Cu, Zn, Pb, As, Sb, Cd, and Hg, located near industrial zones, with high pollution levels. The bulk magnetic susceptibility values (k) measured on samples range between a maximum of 3560 × 10-6 SI near the Industry Zone area and 168 × 10-6 SI locate in the eastern part of the study area (sandy soil), which is not fairly affected by pollution (un-urbanized). The mass-specific magnetic susceptibility (χ) measured on samples ranges between 0.058 × 10-6 and 2.83 × 10-6 m3/kg. Thermomagnetic runs reveal that magnetite and Ti-rich titanomagnetite control the magnetic signal. The spatial distribution of the mass-specific magnetic susceptibility (χ) and Pollution Load Index (PLI) shows the highest values in industrial areas.

Urban sustainability and climate adaptation are major challenges in current urban areas; therefore, they can be seen as relevant issues in Hungary. This study aims to comparatively analyze the overall sustainability and heatwave-related vulnerability of the largest Hungarian cities. The applied methodology is based on different data types; however, the indicator method is in its focus: firstly, socio-economic statistical data are collected from the Hungarian Central Statistical Office; secondly, remote sensing data is retrieved from the USGS database. The mixed methodology can provide the opportunity to reveal complex issues regarding urban sustainability and heatwave vulnerability as the main challenges of the Hungarian cities nowadays.

This study determined the spatio-temporal changes of urban eco-environmental quality (UEEQ) of a rapidly growing megacity-Dhaka, Bangladesh, based on the Pressure-State-Response (PSR) framework. A comprehensive index with the combination of five vegetation indices and four urban indices that met the Pressure-State-Response (PSR) framework integrated through principal component analysis (PCA) was developed to assess urban eco-environmental quality index (UEQI) in 2000 and 2020. The results found that the high proportion of UEQI in the study area was very poor to poor and clustered in the city center and western periphery. Moran’s I and LISA confirmed the non-randomness pattern of UEQ in the city. The findings could provide a quantitative foundation for decision makers to balance eco-environmental quality and urbanization.

With the increased importance of urban areas; cities have become the major centers of human activities. This has resulted in high levels of centrality in urban areas and has caused a rapidly increasing population. The development of transportation systems and the distribution of their networks affect this centrality by either enforcing or weakening it. Budapest city plays a major central role in Hungary. However, how does the distribution of transportation networks in Budapest affect its centrality? Does it influence the centrality level among various places in Budapest? This proposal attempts to find answers through measuring the centrality level according to the transportation network, by applying network analysis to determine the different levels of centrality in Budapest city. These measurements will help in understanding the role of transportation systems in the distribution of different activities inside the city, which will be important to develop transportation networks that offer more balance between different urban areas.

The Region of Murcia, on the south-eastern Mediterranean coast of Spain, has suffered from flooding throughout history. These floods have for centuries been the natural disasters with the greatest socio-economic impact in the region. Despite this, the great increase of urban expansion during the last quarter of the 20th century, mainly on the coastline due to the sun and beach tourism boom, failed to take into account the disadvantages and challenges of building in flood-prone zones. When studying the current urban planning models of three municipalities, analyses using GIS indicators show that the urban flooding vulnerability level is too high

With the growth of urban areas, cities are the centres of the great challenges of our society. Urban form influences the metabolism of cities in multiple ways and mobility is one of them. Depending on the type of urban fabric, population, and activities located in them, travel needs and modes of transport differences appear. As population is diverse, this relationship between urban form and mobility probably have significant gender gaps that should be investigated. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the correlation between the type of urban fabric and people’s mobility patterns, looking for significant gender differences in the number of trips and the mode of transport. Data were collected from the survey done for the Mobility Plan of the Metropolitan Area of Valencia and cadastral information. For statistical analysis, the PSPP program and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used. This paper demonstrates significant differences in relation to gender and modes of transport. Women use more sustainable modes of transport, especially in dense and compact cities. Urban sprawl increases mobility, especially trips using private motorised modes. On the contrary, more sustainable modes, like by foot, on bike, or using public transport, are used in compact cities. Looking for sustainable mobility, women and density are key aspects which land planners must take into account when designing cities.

If we understand regional resilience as the ease with which different regions adapt to overcome externally produced crises, it appears as necessary to protect both ecosystems and its services, considering the position these hold in regional planning. To be able to protect and/or preserve these ecosystems, it is of paramount importance to identify the areas most vulnerable to these concerns. It has been necessary to develop a methodology to identify Ecosystemic Vulnerability associated to ecosystemic service loss, aiming to prevent its degradation by correctly protecting or preserving it through regional planning. This should help to establish pressure-mitigating policies which could result in variations in its resilience ability.

Recently, plastic pollution of the ocean has been garnering increasing attention. The United Nations considers the problem as a major issue, and the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) has launched a global "Clean Ocean" campaign. An estimated 51 trillion plastic particles can be found in our oceans, and the pollution has caused plastics to enter the food chain. This study investigates the life cycle of recycling waste PET (polyethylene terephthalate) bottles in the ocean to the regeneration of recycled raw materials in the process of producing blankets made from such materials. First, the activity data of the relevant literature was collected, and the life cycle assessment software Open LCA was used as the assessment tool. We assume that the functional unit is 1 kg of recycled PET bottles. Secondly, with the ILCD 2011 Midpoint impact assessment method for environmental impact analysis, we identify the impact of pollutants generated during the recycling process on the environment as follows: Photochemical ozone formation 7872256.41218/ kg NMVOC eq; Fresh-water ecotoxicity 240566129.10051/ CTUe; Human toxicity, cancer effects 120.28305/ CTUh; Human toxicity, non-cancer effects 1.53496/ CTUh. Finally, we conduct risk assessment using the 3E (Engineering, Environment and Economic) assessment model, and propose an overall recovery treatment optimization assessment model.

Along the Mediterranean coastline there are numerous tourist resorts that require a comprehensive renaturalization. La Manga is an environment of great landscape richness where there have been unconnected and unbalanced settlements along the coast. The increase in the size of La Manga has raised the need to naturalize the area. In response to this problem, a new concept has been emerging: Nature Based Solutions (NBS). Strategies such as reforestation, proximity parks, green corridors, permeable soils, roofs and green roofs, would allow this area to reduce its environmental footprint and move towards a more sustainable model.

In recent decades, urban research and experimentation have analyzed the climate problem at various scales, in line with 'climate proof' policies aimed to verify the strategies proposed throughout the entire life cycle of the project and evaluate their 'efficient use', where ‘use’ stands for the identification of its potentialities and their translation in a planning act, for an 'integrated conservation' in relationship between urban morphology and urban climate. In this context, the research focuses on the definition and analysis of 'basic factors', whose monitoring is crucial for acting in accordance with the real needs of the site.

This study critically and systematically reviews the state-of-the-art on UHI research in west Africa region to identify and bridge the gap with other global literature. Focusing on 48 studies extracted through a laid down protocol, we reviewed, integrated and analysed in detail the causative factors of UHI, methods of measurement, the intensities, variabilities, impacts and mitigation strategies while critiquing the methods and limitations of the studies. Of the 16 countries in the region, UHI-related research have been conducted in only 5 countries, indicating a wide knowledge gap. Also, inconsistencies in the scale of study, data collection methods and analysis were observed, indicating that studies have not used a universal and specific protocol to define the choice of location for an urban and a rural area.

According to the 2030 Agenda, sustainability is no longer restricted to environmental protection and conservation, but it also needs to consider economic and social issues. This poses new challenges to urban planning and territorial management, that require new procedures to practically implement the global goals into local policies to effectively deal with counteractive priorities. This study proposes an innovative approach aimed at harmonizing local plans and the Sardinia’s Regional Strategy for Sustainable Development. A new tool, which integrates the objectives of the Regional Strategy for Sustainable Development into local plans and simultaneously assesses the efficiency of these strategies in the related spatial context is defined and applied.

Cities worldwide are investing in active transportation (AT) infrastructure, particularly in the form of greenways (GWs), to advance several sustainable transport and quality of living agendas. However, many of those investments have not increased the rate of AT and the use of those GWs for utilitarian purposes. To understand why this is the case, a systematic literature review was con-ducted to identify the factors that influence the use of GWs as AT corridors. Results show that commuters’ perceptions, behaviours, and needs of GWs differ from other user types of GWs. An understanding of these factors should inform the planning, design, and management of GWs to maximise their AT potential.

Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans (SUMP) are increasingly popular planning tools in cities with environmental issues where numerous actions are usually proposed to reduce pollution from urban transport. The impact of the pandemic caused by COVID-19 on urban pollution in our cities is a proven fact, although its mechanisms are not known in great detail. The change in urban mobility patterns due to the restrictions imposed on the population during lockdown is a phe-nomenon that can be parameterized and studied from the perspective of spatial analysis. This study proposes an analysis of the guiding parameters of these changes from the perspective of spatial analysis. To do so, the case study of the city of Cartagena, a medium-sized city in Spain, has been analyzed throughout the period of mobility restrictions due to COVID-19. By means of a geosta-tistical analysis, changes in urban mobility patterns and the modal distribution of transport have been correlated with the evolution of environmental air quality indicators in the city

Urban rooftops in the Egyptian built environment are a clear example of a massively wasted re-source. They can contribute to energy and food production as well as increase the return on in-vestment in the real estate sector by implementing Agri and PV rooftop systems. The paper aims at tapping into the unexplored case of multi-unit residential buildings of Cairo to assess the Agri and PV systems’ applicability on their rooftops. For this purpose, it conducts a spatial analysis for one of the Cairene middle-income districts; Nasr city. Overlaying multiple layers of applicability aspects derives a conclusion about the percentage of applicable rooftops for Agri versus PV systems in the district’s different blocks typologies.

The proposed framework aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the NBS small-scale interventions on five densely urbanized sub-catchments located in the urban area of the Municipality of Potenza. Starting from the definition of the hydrological response of each basins the SCS curve number method was applied in different CN scenarios modeled through geospatial analysis. The results allowed to quantify the reduction in peak flood that reaches the ponding area due mainly to the part of precipitation retained temporarily at the ground surface as interception brought by more permeable soils in urban context.

The need for vegetation, in a rapid process of urbanization, is vital for the future. In the context in which residents are not satisfied with the vegetation around their place of living, it’s necessary to study their perception and preferences in order to improve environmental planning. The research focuses on fruit species to demonstrate their importance, through their utility and aesthetic function, with the aim of drawing and exploring residents' preferences regarding fruit trees, in order to increase the use in green spaces, but also to highlight the diversity of fruit species that can contribute to new approaches in urban horticulture.

Land use and cover changes are important to study for their environmental impact on sustainability. In urban environments, an important controversial question addresses the relationship between urbanization-related changes and biodiversity. Birds are ecologically important, and useful for answering this question. This study builds upon the hypothesis according to which avian diversity decreases with urbanization. 4245 samples from 650 sites in Annaba, obtained through the IPA method, were investigated by computing Shannon-Wiener’s diversity index and the species richness, mapping, and analyzing. The findings indicate a significant decrease of biodiversity from green spaces to urban areas, confirming our hypothesis. Furthermore, the month of observation, LCUC, and vegetation had a significant influence on the abundance. Moreover, the results fill in a lack of data on the biodiversity of the region.

Cities are dynamically changing with the rapid pace of urbanisation. India being a developing nation has an ever-increasing number of mega cities. What follows this unprecedented rate of urbanisation is not only economic and industrial growth but also deteriorating urban quality of life. Thus, emergence of sustainable urbanisation in cities is an extreme requisite in order to gain environmental equity. Ecosystems approach allows restoring of the ecosystem component within cities and embedded with the urban planning process yields sustainable urbanisation. The research paper develops an urban sustainability evaluation framework to guide sustainable urbanisation and assists the decision-making process.

Kangra is one of the twelve districts in the state of Himachal Pradesh, India. It has the geographical area of 5,739 sq.km. which becomes 7088.43 sq.km when the terrain is also considered. It is further divides into 21 sub-districts (or Tehsils). For this study the tehsils of Kangra district are compared using a Land development index formulated with relation to the land use land cover characteristics to finally evaluate their individual development potential. The land use land cover (LULC) was analyzed using the 2015-16 data as prepared by the National Remote Sensing Centre, Hyderabad from the Multi-temporal satellite data from Resourcesat-2 LISS III. The topographical maps were also created using the State’s Bhuvan (Indian Geoportal of ISRO) map along with Google maps. The land covers were analyzed under the categories of forest cover, non-agricultural uses, bar-ren/cultivable land, grass/grazing, wastelands, net sown area – agricultural land and misc. land cover. The predominant landcover for the district is forest cover (34.3%) followed by agricultural and crop land (29.5%). According to the comparative study Multan, Khudian, Borah and Jaswan tehsils show the lowest level of development with the maximum wasteland areas and lowest agricultural land while that Indora, Nagrota Bhagwan, Dehra Gopipur, Nurpur, Jawali, Harchakian, Dharamshala and Jawalamukhi show the highest level of development with con-tributing factors of higher built-up land and lower grazing land cover. The tehsils Shahpur, Kangra, Palampur, Thural, Fatehpur, Rakkar, Dhira, Jaidinghpur and Baijnath show an average level of development with varying figures of land use land cover.

The advent of autonomous vehicles (AVs) may directly affect current trends in sustainable urbanism based on recovering the urban space for people, active mobility (walking and cycling) and chrono‐urbanism. How will AVs affect the urban space and the mobility? How will they change the strategies of street and public space design? are relevant questions that need to be answered to prevent AVs ruling the city as the car has done. Decisions such as setting urban goals and planning ahead and encouraging shared used over ownership, will be crucial in guiding the AVs implementation and achieving the most desirable cities. This research was funded by Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, grant number PID2019‐110355RB‐I00

The land value of any settlement is a cumulative outcome of the quality of the natural and built environment, which are an amalgamation of many factors. This paper presents the existing state-of-the-art land valuation techniques in urban areas. It discusses the impacts of urban growth parameters, i.e. accessibility, infrastructure, social-economic condition, etc., in detail for sustainable land valuation techniques. The study also developed an Ordinary Least Squares regression equation based on 258 primary sample points from Jaipur, India, to examine the relationship between urban growth parameters and land valuation. This paper is a step toward developing the land valuation models for land value practices.

Social and economic instability in cities caused by the pandemic emergency has highlighted the necessity of carrying out diagnoses to identify courses of action for the purpose of reducing the vulnerability of urban areas in the face of future crisis. This research aims to identify how the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the measures adopted have influenced urban and economic activities and the use, presence and preferences of urban public spaces. Specifically, an analysis in several cities before and after the most critical phases of the pandemic is proposed based on virtual social network geodata. Since each individual represents a node of information exchange, it is hypothesized that a comparison between the data generated before and after the pandemic offer a first glance at how changes in the social (collective behaviors and preferences) and physical (economic and urban activities) dimensions in urban environments have been produced. The results provide a descriptive and contrasted analysis that evidences the relevance of using crowdsourced data for monitoring the changes and transformations that took place as a result of the pandemic crisis in order to inform decision-making for future urban policies and actions.

Wide range of urban issues whether human sources or natural disasters have given rise to a crisis in contemporary cities. This manuscript aims to introduce "smart crisis management ", to academic readers who are not familiar with this approach through the narrative review method and briefly present basic terms and definitions, the most recent paradigm: "digital twins" and finally represent three global best spatial applicants of smart city management in the era of crisis management. There are several criticisms discussed which could solve by Transformation to a more localized demand-oriented and more user-friendly applicant of smart city approach.

This study aims to review and analyze research in human mobility as one of the main topics of study in urban and regional planning; Which studies the movement of human beings, as indi-viduals or groups, in space and time. The research method is descriptive and uses scientometric, bibliographic analysis methods and citation analysis. The statistical population of this study is a collection of 2247 articles published in this field based on a search in the Scopus citation database. VOSviewer software was used for analysis. Findings showed that the publication of articles in this field has gone up during the years under review, and the most scientific productions have been in 2021 and 2020, respectively. Based on the clustering of high-frequency words, the topics of "Covid-19", "mobility," "mobile phone data," "big data," and "migration" were identified as thematic clusters in this field. The United States and China also had the most significant number of articles. Gonzalez is the most cited researcher and the center for spatial information science, university of Tokyo has the most significant number of articles (11 articles) among scientific institutes active in this field. In contrast, the most cited and influential articles in this field belong to the Fogarty international center, united states (1196 citations in 4 articles). A combination of terms such as "covid-19" and "big data" in the mapping of science reflects efforts of the academic community active in this field of study to expand applied and up-to-date studies in this field.

Durante julio de 1971, se realizó una mesa debate sobre el tema “Factor ocupación total y la política urbana municipal” en la Sociedad Central de Arquitectos (SCA). La discusión se centró en torno a la pertinencia de incorporar dentro del nuevo Código de Planeamiento Urbano (CPU) próximo a sancionarse en Buenos Aires, la noción de factor de ocupación total (FOT) como instrumento para controlar la intensidad del uso del suelo. Para tal fin, se convocaron expertos y profesionales involucrados en la construcción de la ciudad desde la administración pública, la academia y el mercado. Tomando como caso de análisis el artículo publicado en el número 68 de la Revista de la SCA sobre el debate en torno a la legislación del FOT de 1971, este texto se propone examinar dicho encuentro, con miras a reflexionar respecto de la implementación del FOT en tanto instrumento de planificación urbana y, de igual modo, ahondar en el rol asumido por los distintos profesionales invitados según sus diferentes incumbencias en el ejercicio de la actividad profesional.

La crisi pandemica rappresenta l’estrema conseguenza dei cambiamenti ambientali, sociali, economici e urbani della città contemporanea. Cambiamenti che hanno sovvertito il rapporto tra attività umane e contesti storici e ambientali, oltrepassando i limiti dell’equilibrio millenario tra uomo e natura, con la conseguenza di generare fenomeni insediativi – di scala urbana e metropolitana – che hanno un profondo impatto sulla vita delle comunità, sulla continuità dei valori storici, paesaggistici e patrimoniali che caratterizzano lo spazio abitato, esito di stratificazioni lente, profonde, di lungo periodo.

Cabe afirma que el conocimiento sobre bienes del patrimonio cultural del ciudadano medio es relativamente reducido (sesgado). Si saliéramos a la calle y preguntáramos a los transeúntes por algunos ejemplos de bienes culturales, es muy probable que la mayoría citase elementos de importancia nacional o internacional. A esta situación ha contribuido la evolución del concepto, patrimonio cultural, a lo largo de los últimos 50 años mientras que el pensamiento común quedó anclado en la visión monumental del término. Por otra parte, el incremento de las posibilidades de viajar se ha multiplicado y ha hecho viable visitar nuevas ciudades y lugares remotos, bellezas fascinantes por descubrir, cuanto más lejos mejor, al tiempo que se postergaban elementos próximos y cercanos por cotidianos. Dicho esto, se ponen a la luz implícitamente algunas cuestiones (de alcance general) a las que se buscará unas respuestas a través del caso particular de la fábrica de cerámica Aletti de Surdo. Entre los objetivos del presente estudio está la voluntad de mostrar que la percepción de la relevancia de un bien cultural y/o natural, indiferentemente de su origen, depende notablemente de la realización de un estudio que revele que los elementos analizados pueden ser útiles a la sociedad actual, o sea que los elementos heredados del pasado tienen valor para las generaciones actuales, pueden ser un recurso, disfrutar de ellos de distanta forma al ayer, conservarlos y transmitirlos a las siguientes. La elección de la fábrica de cerámica Aletti de Surdo confirma lo dicho, a lo largo del trabajo veremos cómo el tema es digno de atención y constituye, también, una ocasión para avanzar en la investigación y profundizar en la comprensión del significado del Patrimonio y, en particular, en el caso específico del siempre complejo Patrimonio industrial. Como consecuencia de esta toma de conciencia, adquirida a través de un profundo estudio histórico, surge la necesidad de denunciar la urgencia de intervenir. Necesidad que se mostrará claramente en los resultados obtenidos, desde las operaciones iniciales de inspección visual y levantamiento hasta el estudio de las patologías que afectan a los edificios. A partir de las patologías se ilustrarán, a título de ejemplo, posibles soluciones para eliminar las causas que las generaron y algunos tipos de intervención para sanear las partes más afectadas como consecuencia del abandono y de la falta de mantenimiento. En el caso del complejo fabril de Surdo no cabe esperar más, si se quiere conservar el conjunto de los edificios que constituían la antigua fábrica. Aquella, que sobre todo fue un recurso económico en el siglo pasado, hoy puede y debe transformarse en un nuevo recurso económico y, fundamentalmente, social. La recuperación de la antigua fábrica, su puesta en valor y en uso, son iniciativas que aumentaría la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos de Surdo, incluso necesarias, además de y si se quiere colocar la población en la red de los lugares de interés cultural de la región de Calabria. Escuela de Arquitectura e Ingeniería de Edificación Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena

La Manga del Mar Menor es uno de los iconos del desarrollismo del litoral español, pero también una de las referencias del urbanismo del movimiento moderno en España gracias al plan inicial de ordenación elaborado por una de las figuras más destacadas de esta arquitectura, Antonio Bonet Castellana, junto con José María Puig Torné (Carcelén, 2017). La diferencia entre el ‘sueño’ inicial y la ‘realidad’ ejecutada refleja las transformaciones acontecidas en España desde la aprobación de la Ley de Zonas y Centros de Interés Turístico Nacional en 1963 debido al desarrollo de un turismo de masas que en 2019 atrajo a casi 84 millones de turistas a España. La Manga como ejemplo de “distorsión” de los proyectos iniciales del turismo de masas hasta la modificación actual de la costa. La Manga es un entorno territorial de formación lineal de dunas naturales con una longitud aproximada de 22 km y con una anchura que varía entre los 100m y 900m. Separando del Mar Mediterráneo la laguna salada del Mar Menor, con una alta salinidad y poca profundidad, formando playas a ambos lados de la franja. Limitando al sur con el Parque de las Amoladeras y las Salinas de Marchamalo y al norte con el Parque Natural de San Pedro del Pinatar. Existen cambien varias aperturas que comunican con el Mar Mediterráneo, llamadas golas. Las más destacables son el Canal del Estacio, Las Encañizadas y la Gola de Marchamalo. Dividida administrativamente en dos municipios, en la zona sur el de Cartagena y al norte San Javier. El presente trabajo como principal objetivo el análisis de los cambios y transformaciones en el proyecto urbano propuesto en los diferentes planes realizados para la urbanización de La Manga del Mar Menor. Conocer la evolución del planeamiento y el proyecto urbano en España desde mitad del siglo pasado, especialmente en las zonas turísticas. Emplear técnicas que permitan comparar los criterios de los diferentes modelos de proyecto urbano, específicamente en el territorio turístico. Arrojar luz sobre los procesos sociales y urbanísticos de construcción del territorio, como una sucesión de planes y proyectos que conformaron la realidad actual. Escuela de Arquitectura e Ingeniería de Edificación Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena

El concepto de turismo ha cambiado bastante desde los antiguos turistas del siglo XVIII, más conocidos como viajeros ilustrados, los cuales viajaban motivados por el conocimiento del mundo y de la sociedad. Esta manera de viajar se vio modificada tras la Revolución Industrial y la II Guerra Mundial. Estos hechos produjeron una serie de cambios en la vida de las personas, tales como derecho al tiempo libre de los trabajadores y a las vacaciones pagadas. Estas nuevas condiciones laborales, acompañadas de ciertas mejoras en los medios de comunicación dieron lugar a un nuevo tipo de viaje, no tan relacionado con el conocimiento y sí más con el descanso, cambiando el concepto de turismo a principios del siglo XX. Será a partir de los años 60, cuando aparece un consumo real de turismo, conocido como turismo de masas. El desarrollo económico de España vino financiado tanto por un crecimiento industrial, como por este nuevo turismo de masas, más conocido como turismo de sol y playa. La dictadura franquista explotó este nuevo concepto de turismo de sol y playa mediante la planificación de las Zonas de Interés Turístico Nacional, con las cuales pretendían atraer turistas extranjeros a lugares de la costa con “condiciones especiales para la atracción y recepción de turistas”. Para ello, se impulsó la construcción de urbanizaciones e infraestructuras necesarias en las costas españolas. Según declaró el Ministro de Información y Turismo Manuel Fraga en 1963, “el Mar Menor y en general toda la Región de Murcia, cuenta con unas reservas turísticas extraordinarias, las cuales permiten un turismo de categoría”. Por todo ello, el litoral de la Región de Murcia contó con varias de estas áreas destacas, entre las cuales se incluyen La Manga, San Ginés, El Alamillo, Bahía de Mazarrón o Playa Honda. Tras 60 años de existencia, este tipo de urbanizaciones han llegado a nuestros días con un grado de madurez bastante avanzado, muchas de ellas necesitando una renovación. Así pues, el fin de este trabajo será realizar un estudio de todas las urbanizaciones que componen el litoral murciano, con el fin de obtener las características de éstas y poder proceder a una regeneración y renovación para su adaptación al nuevo sector turístico. Hoy en día el sector turístico se posiciona como una de las principales industrias a nivel mundial. España ha cerrado 2019 con una tasa de 83.7 millones de turistas internacionales, con un incremento del 1.1% respecto a la tasa registrada en 2018 (82.8 millones), según ha publicado el Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE). Escuela de Arquitectura e Ingeniería de Edificación Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena