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1. Quenched lattice fluctuations in optically driven SrTiO3

Author

Fechner, M., Först, M., Orenstein, G., Krapivin, V., Disa, A. S., Buzzi, M., von Hoegen, A., de la Pena, G., Nguyen, Q. L, Mankowsky, R., Sander, M., Lemke, H., Deng, Y., Trigo, M., and Cavalleri, A.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), FOS: Physical sciences
Abstract

Many functionally relevant ferroic phenomena in quantum materials can be manipulated by driving the lattice coherently with optical and terahertz pulses. New physical phenomena and non-equilibrium phases that have no equilibrium counterpart have been discovered following these protocols. The underlying structural dynamics has been mostly studied by recording the average atomic position along dynamical structural coordinates with elastic scattering methods. However, crystal lattice fluctuations, which are known to influence phase transitions in equilibrium, are also expected to determine these dynamics but have rarely been explored. Here, we study the driven dynamics of the quantum paraelectric SrTiO3, in which mid-infrared drives have been shown to induce a metastable ferroelectric state. Crucial in these physics is the competition between the polar instability and antiferrodistortive rotations, which in equilibrium frustrate the formation of long-range ferroelectricity. We make use of high intensity mid-infrared optical pulses to resonantly drive a Ti-O stretching mode at 17 THz, and we measure the resulting change in lattice fluctuations using time-resolved x-ray diffuse scattering at a free electron laser. After a prompt increase, we observe a long-lived quench in R-point antiferrodistortive lattice fluctuations. The enhancement and reduction in lattice fluctuations are explained theoretically by considering fourth-order nonlinear phononic interactions and third-order coupling to the driven optical phonon and to lattice strain, respectively. These observations provide a number of new and testable hypotheses for the physics of light-induced ferroelectricity.

Published
2023
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2. Accretion physics at high X-ray spectral resolution: New frontiers and game-changing science

Author

Gandhi, P., Kawamuro, T., Trigo, M. Díaz, Paice, J. A., Boorman, P. G., Cappi, M., Done, C., Fabian, A. C., Fukumura, K., Garcia, J. A., Greenwell, C. L., Guainazzi, M., Makishima, K., Tashiro, M. S., Tomaru, R., Tombesi, F., and Ueda, Y.

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

Microcalorimeters have demonstrated success in delivering high spectral resolution, and have paved the path to revolutionary new science possibilities in the coming decade of X-ray astronomy. There are several research areas in compact object science that can only be addressed with energy resolution Delta(E), To appear in Nature Astronomy as a review. Author version, before final editorial and style revisions

Published
2022
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3. Temporal trend and potential impact of angiotensin receptorneprilysin inhibitors on transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair

Author

Barrero A, Carrasco-Chinchilla F, Benito-González T, Pascual I, Arzamendi D, Estévez-Loureiro R, Nombela-Franco L, Pan M, Freixa X, Trillo-Nouche R, Sánchez-Recalde Á, Andraka L, Cruz-González I, López-Mínguez JR, Diez Gil JL, Urbano-Carrillo C, Sanmiguel Cervera D, Sanchis J, Bosa F, Ruiz V, Del Trigo M, Molina E, Serrador AM, Alonso-Briales JH, Garrote C, Avanzas P, Li CH, Baz JA, Jiménez-Quevedo P, Mesa D, Regueiro A, Cid B, Carrasco-Moraleja M, Rodríguez-Gabella T, Hernández-García JM, Fernández-Vázquez F, Amat-Santos IJ, and Spanish TEER Group

Subjects
ARNIs, Insuficiencia mitral, MitraClip, Mitral regurgitation, Pascal, Sacubitril/valsartan, Sacubitrilo/valsartán, TEER
Abstract

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) should be considered in patients with heart failure and secondary mitral regurgitation (MR). Angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs) have been demonstrated to improve prognosis in heart failure. We aimed to evaluate the impact ARNIs on patient selection and outcomes.; METHODS: The population of the Spanish TEER prospective registry (March 2012 to January 2021) was divided into 2 groups: a) TEER before the ARNI era (n=450) and b) TEER after the recommendation of ARNIs by European Guidelines (n=639), with further analysis according to intake (n=52) or not (n=587) of ARNIs.; RESULTS: A total of 1089 consecutive patients underwent TEER for secondary MR. In the ARNI era, there was a reduction in left ventricle dilation (82mL vs 100mL, P=.025), and better function (35% vs 38%, P=.011). At 2 years of follow-up, mortality (10.6% vs 17.3%, P

Published
2022

4. Soft X-ray emission lines in the X-ray binary Swift J1858.6-0814 observed with XMM-Newton-RGS: disc atmosphere or wind?

Author

Buisson, D. J. K., Altamirano, Diego, Diaz Trigo, M., Mendez, Mariano, Padilla, M. Armas, Castro Segura, N., Degenaar, Nathalie, van den Eijnden, J., Fogantini, Federico Adrián, Gandhi, Poshak, Knigge, Christian, Muñoz-Darias, T., Arabaci, M. Ozbey, and Vincentelli, F. M.

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Ciencias Astronómicas, Accretion, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, neutron [Stars], Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Black hole physics, Stars: neutron, X-rays: binaries, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, binaries [X-rays], Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Accretion discs, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We find soft X-ray emission lines from the X-ray binary Swift J1858.6-0814 in data from XMM-Newton-RGS: N VII, O VII and O VIII, as well as notable residuals short of a detection at Ne IX and other higher ionisation transitions. These could be associated with the disc atmosphere, as in accretion disc corona sources, or with a wind, as has been detected in Swift J1858.6-0814 in emission lines at optical wavelengths. Indeed, the N VII line is redshifted, consistent with being the emitting component of a P-Cygni profile. We find that the emitting plasma has an ionisation parameter $\log(��)=1.35\pm0.2$ and a density $n>1.5\times10^{11}$ cm$^{-3}$. From this, we infer that the emitting plasma must be within $10^{13}$ cm of the ionising source, $\sim5\times10^{7}r_{\rm g}$ for a $1.4M_{\odot}$ neutron star, and from the line width that it is at least $10^4r_{\rm g}$ away ($2\times10^{9}(M/1.4M_{\odot})$ cm). We compare this with known classes of emission line regions in other X-ray binaries and active galactic nuclei., 10 pages, 7 figures, MNRAS accepted

Published
2020
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5. Clinical Presentation of Individuals With Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type-1 Infection in Spain

Author

de Mendoza, C, Piron, M, Gonzalez, R, Jimenez, A, Caballero, E, Roc, L, Benito, R, Ramos, JM, Soriano, V, Rodriguez, C, Vera, M, del Romero, J, Marcaida, G, Ocete, MD, Molina, I, Aguilera, A, Rodriguez-Calvino, JJ, Navarro, D, Rivero, C, Vilarino, MD, Algarate, S, Gil, J, de Lejarazu, RO, Rojo, S, Eiros, JM, San Miguel, A, Manzardo, C, Miro, JM, Garcia, J, Paz, I, Poveda, E, Calderon, E, Escudero, D, Trigo, M, Diz, J, Garcia-Campello, M, Rodriguez-Iglesias, M, Hernandez-Betancor, A, Martin, AM, Gimeno, A, Gutierrez, F, Rodriguez, JC, Sanchez, V, Gomez-Hernando, C, Cilla, G, Perez-Trallero, E, Lopez-Aldeguer, J, Fernandez-Pereira, L, Niubo, J, Hernandez, M, Lopez-Lirola, AM, Gomez-Sirvent, JL, Force, L, Cifuentes, C, Perez, S, Morano, L, Raya, C, Gonzalez-Praetorius, A, Perez, JL, Penaranda, M, Hernaez-Crespo, S, Montejo, JM, Martinez-Sapina, A, Viciana, I, Cabezas, T, Lozano, A, Fernandez, JM, Garcia-Bermejo, I, Gaspar, G, Garcia, R, Gorgolas, M, Vegas, C, Blas, J, Miralles, P, Valeiro, M, Aldamiz, T, Margall, N, Guardia, C, do Pico, E, Polo, I, Aguinaga, A, Ezpeleta, C, Sauleda, S, Torres, P, Blanco, L, Suarez, A, Rodriguez-Avial, I, Perez-Rivilla, A, Parra, P, Fernandez, M, Fernandez-Alonso, M, Trevino, A, Requena, S, Benitez-Gutierrez, L, Cuervas-Mons, V, Barreiro, P, Corral, O, and Gomez-Gallego, F

Subjects
myelopathy, adult T-cell leukemia, HTLV-1, screening, epidemiology
Abstract

Background. Although only 8%-10% of persons infected with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) may develop virus-associated diseases lifelong, misdiagnosis of asymptomatic infected carriers frequently leads to late diagnoses. Methods. A nationwide HTLV-1 register was created in Spain in 1989. A total of 351 infected persons had been reported by the end of 2017. We examined all new HTLV-1 diagnoses during the last decade and compared their clinical presentation. Results. A total of 247 individuals with HTLV-1 infection had been reported in Spain since year 2008. The incidence has remained stable with 20-25 new diagnoses yearly. Women represented 62%. Only 12% were native Spaniards, most of whom were foreigners from Latin America (72.5%). Up to 57 (23%) individuals presented clinically with HTLV-1-associated conditions, including subacute myelopathy (n = 24; 42.1%), T-cell lymphoma (n = 19; 33.3%), or Strongyloides stercoralis infestation (n = 8; 14%). Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 diagnosis had been made either at blood banks (n = 109; 44%) or at clinics (n = 138; 56%). It is interesting to note that Spaniards and especially Africans were overrepresented among patients presenting with HTLV-1-associated illnesses, suggesting that misdiagnosis and late presentation are more frequent in these populations compared to Latin Americans. Conclusions. Given that 23% of new HTLV-1 diagnoses in Spain are symptomatic, underdiagnosis must be common. Although screening in blood banks mostly identifies asymptomatic Latin American carriers, a disproportionately high number of Spaniards and Africans are unveiled too late, that is, they already suffer from classic HTLV-1 illnesses.

Published
2019

6. HIV co-infection in HTLV-1 carriers in Spain

Author

de Mendoza, C, Caballero, E, Aguilera, A, Benito, R, Macia, D, Garcia-Costa, J, Soriano, V, Rodriguez, C, Vera, M, del Romero, J, Marcaida, G, Ocete, MD, Molina, I, Rodriguez-Calvino, JJ, Navarro, D, Rivero, C, Vilarino, MD, Algarate, S, Gil, J, de Lejarazu, RO, Rojo, S, Eiros, JM, San Miguel, A, Manzardo, C, Mira, JM, Garcia, J, Paz, I, Poveda, E, Calderon, E, Escudero, D, Trigo, M, Diz, J, Garcia-Campello, M, Rodriguez-Iglesias, M, Hernandez-Betancor, A, Martin, AM, Ramos, JM, Gimeno, A, Gutierrez, F, Rodriguez, JC, Sanchez, V, Gomez-Hernando, C, Cilla, G, Perez-Trallero, E, Lopez-Aldeguer, J, Fernandez-Pereira, L, Niubo, J, Hernandez, M, Lopez-Lirola, AM, Gomez-Sirvent, JL, Force, L, Cifuentes, C, Raya, C, Gonzalez-Praetorius, A, Perez, JL, Penaranda, M, Hernaez-Crespo, S, Montejo, JM, Roc, L, Martinez-Sapina, A, Viciana, I, Cabezas, T, Lozano, A, Fernandez, JM, Garcia-Bermejo, I, Gaspar, G, Garcia, R, Gorgolas, M, Vegas, C, Blas, J, Miralles, P, Valeiro, M, Aldamiz, T, Margall, N, Guardia, C, do Pico, E, Polo, I, Aguinaga, A, Ezpeleta, C, Sauleda, S, Piron, M, Gonzalez, R, Barea, L, Jimenez, A, Blanco, L, Suarez, A, Rodriguez-Avial, I, Perez-Rivilla, A, Parra, P, Fernandez, M, Fernandez-Alonso, M, Reina, G, Trevino, A, Requena, S, Benitez-Gutierrez, L, Cuervas-Mons, V, Barreiro, P, Corral, O, Gomez-Gallego, F, Perez, S, Morano, L, and Spanish HTLV Network

Subjects
AIDS, Epidemiology, Tropical spastic paraparesis, Adult T-cell leukemia, virus diseases, HIV, HTLV, Co-infection, Antiretroviral therapy, Late diagnosis
Abstract

Background: Human retroviruses HIV and HTLV share transmission routes. HIV widely spread in Spain during the 80 s through injection drug use and sex, and nowadays HIV rates in Spain account for one of the largest in Europe. In contrast, HTLV-1 is not endemic in Spain, despite hosting huge numbers of migrants from highly endemic regions. Herein, we report the rate and main features of the HIV-HTLV co-infected population in Spain. Methods: A national registry exists in Spain for HTLV since year 1989. Data from standardized case report forms and one centralized lab repository were reviewed, especially for the subset with HTLV-HIV co-infection. Results: Up to December 2018, a total of 369 individuals with HTLV-1 had been diagnosed in Spain. 64% of the population were females, and Latin American individuals accounted for 64.5%. Classical HTLV-associated illnesses were found in 12.7% (myelopathy) and 7.6% (leukemia). HIV coinfection was found in 12 (3.2%). Of those, 3 patients (25%) were female and 39 (75%) were of non Spanish origin. All but two harbored HIV-1 subtype B, being non-B variants found in the two West Africans. Exposure had been sexual in most cases, being 4 homosexual men. Seven HTLV-HIV co-infected patients had developed AIDS and two had developed myelopathy. There was no evidence for increased HTLV-1 clinical pathogenicity due to HIV coinfection. Conclusion: HIV coinfection is infrequent (< 5%) among HTLV-1 carriers in Spain. More than half of co-infected patients come from Latin America. Sexual contact is the most frequent risk behavior, being MSM one third of cases. Late diagnosis explains the high rate (9/12) of clinical manifestations in our HIV-HTLV co-infected population.

Published
2019

7. HTLV testing of solid organ transplant donors

Author

de Mendoza, C, Roc, L, Fernandez-Alonso, M, Soriano, V, Rodriguez, C, Vera, M, del Romero, J, Marcaida, G, Ocete, MD, Caballero, E, Aguilera, A, Rodriguez-Calvino, JJ, Rivero, C, Vilarino, MD, Benito, R, Algarate, S, de Lejarazu, RO, Rojo, S, Eiros, JM, Ramos, C, Manzardo, C, Miro, JM, Garcia-Costa, J, Calderon, E, Escudero, D, Trigo, M, Diz, J, Garcia-Campello, M, Rodriguez-Iglesias, M, Hernandez-Betancor, A, Martin, AM, Ramos, JM, Gimeno, A, Sanchez, V, Guzman, M, Gomez-Hernando, C, Echeverria, MJ, Cilla, G, Fernandez-Pereira, L, Hernandez, M, Lopez-Lirola, AM, Gomez-Sirvent, JL, Force, L, Cifuentes, C, Perez, S, Morano, L, Raya, C, Gonzalez-Praetorius, A, Penaranda, M, Nieto, MC, Montejo, JM, Viciana, I, Cabezas, T, Lozano, A, Perez-Camacho, I, Fernandez, JM, Garcia-Bermejo, I, Gaspar, G, Tellez, R, Gorgolas, M, Perez, L, Monsalvo, S, Valeiro, M, Aldamiz, T, Margall, N, Guardia, C, do Pico, E, Sauleda, S, Piron, M, Gonzalez, R, Richart, A, Barea, L, Jimenez, A, Blanco, L, Suarez, A, Rodriguez-Avial, I, Parra, P, Fernandez, M, Reina, G, Trevino, A, Requena, S, Benitez-Gutierrez, L, Cuervas-Mons, V, Barreiro, P, Corral, O, and Gomez-Gallego, F

Published
2019

8. Treatment outcome in dually HIV-1 and HIV-2 coinfected patients living in Spain

Author

Requena S, Caballero E, Lozano A, Rios-Villegas M, Benito R, Rojo S, Cabezas T, Macia M, Nieto M, Soriano V, de Mendoza C, Rodriguez C, Vera M, del Romero J, Ocete M, Aguilera A, Amengual M, Cervantes M, Algarate S, de Lejarazu R, Eiros J, Ramos C, Garcia-Costa J, Calderon E, Trigo M, Diz J, Garcia-Campello M, Rodriguez-Iglesias M, Hernandez-Betancor A, Ramos J, Gimeno A, Sanchez V, Gomez-Hernando C, Echeverria M, Cilla G, Perez-Trallero E, Fernandez-Pereira L, Niubo J, Margall N, Hernandez M, Lopez-Lirola A, Gomez-Sirvent J, Force L, Sauca M, Perez S, Morano L, Raya C, Praetorius A, Cifuentes C, Penaranda M, Montejo J, Roc L, Martinez-Sapina A, Viciana I, Perez-Camacho I, Fernandez-Fuertes E, Fernandez J, Bermejo I, Gaspar G, Gorgolas M, Vegas C, Blas J, Tellez R, Perez L, Valeiro M, Aldamiz T, Garcia F, Suarez A, Rodriguez-Avial I, Barreiro P, Gomez-Gallego F, Corral O, Benitez-Gutierrez L, and Cuervas-Mons V

Subjects
HIV-2, HIV-1, virus diseases, antiretrovirals
Abstract

Background: Whereas HIV-1 has spread globally, HIV-2 is mainly found in West Africa where dual HIV-1/HIV-2 coinfection is nowadays uncommon. Herein, we report the rate, main characteristics, and treatment outcomes of all dually infected patients living in Spain. Methods: We identified retrospectively all persons coinfected with HIV-1 recorded at the Spanish HIV-2 registry. Dual infection had been confirmed using PCR in plasma and/or cells, and/or using discriminatory serological tests. Results: From a total of 373 individuals with HIV-2 recorded at the Spanish registry, 34 (9.1%) were coinfected with HIV-1. Compared with HIV-2 monoinfected persons, dually infected patients were more often male (67.6%), presented with lower median CD4(+) cell counts (204 cells/mu l), and had developed more frequently AIDS events (26.5%). Although 61.7% came from West Africa, 6 (17.6%) were native Spaniards. HIV-1 non-B subtypes were recognized in 75% of coinfected patients, being the most prevalent CRF02_AG. At baseline, 45% of dually infected patients had undetectable plasma HIV-2 RNA. After a median follow-up of 32 (13-48) months on antiretroviral therapy, dually infected patients achieved undetectable viremia in 85% for HIV-1, in 80% for HIV-2; and in 70% for both viruses. Median CD4(+) cell counts reached up to 418 cells/mu l. Conclusion: Roughly 9% of individuals with HIV-2 infection living in Spain are coinfected with HIV-1. Overall, 70% of dually infected patients achieved viral suppression for both viruses under antiretroviral therapy. Given the relatively large population of West Africans living in Spain and the continuous migration flow from HIV-2 endemic areas, HIV-1/HIV-2 coinfection should always be excluded at first diagnosis in all HIV-seroreactive persons. Copyright (C) 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

Published
2019

9. HIV co-infection in HTLV-1 carriers in Spain

Author

de Mendoza, C, Caballero, E, Aguilera, A, Benito, R, Macia, D, Garcia-Costa, J, Soriano, V, Rodriguez, C, Vera, M, del Romero, J, Marcaida, G, Ocete, MD, Molina, I, Rodriguez-Calvino, JJ, Navarro, D, Rivero, C, Vilarino, MD, Algarate, S, Gil, J, de Lejarazu, RO, Rojo, S, Eiros, JM, San Miguel, A, Manzardo, C, Mira, JM, Garcia, J, Paz, I, Poveda, E, Calderon, E, Escudero, D, Trigo, M, Diz, J, Garcia-Campello, M, Rodriguez-Iglesias, M, Hernandez-Betancor, A, Martin, AM, Ramos, JM, Gimeno, A, Gutierrez, F, Rodriguez, JC, Sanchez, V, Gomez-Hernando, C, Cilla, G, Perez-Trallero, E, Lopez-Aldeguer, J, Fernandez-Pereira, L, Niubo, J, Hernandez, M, Lopez-Lirola, AM, Gomez-Sirvent, JL, Force, L, Cifuentes, C, Raya, C, Gonzalez-Praetorius, A, Perez, JL, Penaranda, M, Hernaez-Crespo, S, Montejo, JM, Roc, L, Martinez-Sapina, A, Viciana, I, Cabezas, T, Lozano, A, Fernandez, JM, Garcia-Bermejo, I, Gaspar, G, Garcia, R, Gorgolas, M, Vegas, C, Blas, J, Miralles, P, Valeiro, M, Aldamiz, T, Margall, N, Guardia, C, do Pico, E, Polo, I, Aguinaga, A, Ezpeleta, C, Sauleda, S, Piron, M, Gonzalez, R, Barea, L, Jimenez, A, Blanco, L, Suarez, A, Rodriguez-Avial, I, Perez-Rivilla, A, Parra, P, Fernandez, M, Fernandez-Alonso, M, Reina, G, Trevino, A, Requena, S, Benitez-Gutierrez, L, Cuervas-Mons, V, Barreiro, P, Corral, O, Gomez-Gallego, F, Perez, S, and Morano, L

Subjects
AIDS, Epidemiology, Tropical spastic paraparesis, Adult T-cell leukemia, HIV, HTLV, Co-infection, Antiretroviral therapy, Late diagnosis
Abstract

Background: Human retroviruses HIV and HTLV share transmission routes. HIV widely spread in Spain during the 80 s through injection drug use and sex, and nowadays HIV rates in Spain account for one of the largest in Europe. In contrast, HTLV-1 is not endemic in Spain, despite hosting huge numbers of migrants from highly endemic regions. Herein, we report the rate and main features of the HIV-HTLV co-infected population in Spain. Methods: A national registry exists in Spain for HTLV since year 1989. Data from standardized case report forms and one centralized lab repository were reviewed, especially for the subset with HTLV-HIV co-infection. Results: Up to December 2018, a total of 369 individuals with HTLV-1 had been diagnosed in Spain. 64% of the population were females, and Latin American individuals accounted for 64.5%. Classical HTLV-associated illnesses were found in 12.7% (myelopathy) and 7.6% (leukemia). HIV coinfection was found in 12 (3.2%). Of those, 3 patients (25%) were female and 39 (75%) were of non Spanish origin. All but two harbored HIV-1 subtype B, being non-B variants found in the two West Africans. Exposure had been sexual in most cases, being 4 homosexual men. Seven HTLV-HIV co-infected patients had developed AIDS and two had developed myelopathy. There was no evidence for increased HTLV-1 clinical pathogenicity due to HIV coinfection. Conclusion: HIV coinfection is infrequent (< 5%) among HTLV-1 carriers in Spain. More than half of co-infected patients come from Latin America. Sexual contact is the most frequent risk behavior, being MSM one third of cases. Late diagnosis explains the high rate (9/12) of clinical manifestations in our HIV-HTLV co-infected population.

Published
2019

10. Clinical experience with integrase inhibitors in HIV-2-infected individuals in Spain

Author

Garcia F, Martin-Carbonero L, Rodriguez C, Vera M, del Romero J, Marcaida G, Ocete M, Caballero E, Aguilera A, Benito R, de Lejarazu R, Rojo S, Eiros J, Ramos C, Garcia J, Paz I, Trigo M, Diz J, Garcia-Campello M, Rodriguez-Iglesias M, Hernandez-Betancor A, Martin A, Ramos J, Gimeno A, Sanchez V, Gomez-Hernando C, Cilla G, Perez-Trallero E, Fernandez-Pereira L, Niubo J, Hernandez M, Lopez-Lirola A, Gomez-Sirvent J, Force L, Cabrera J, Perez S, Morano L, Raya C, Gonzalez-Praetorius A, Cifuentes C, Penaranda M, Nieto M, Montejo J, Roc L, Viciana I, Lozano A, Fernandez-Fuertes E, Fernandez J, Garcia-Bermejo I, Gaspar G, Tellez R, Gorgolas M, Diaz J, Miralles P, Perez L, Valeiro M, Aldamiz T, Margall N, Suarez A, Rodriguez-Avial I, Requena S, Benitez-Gutierrez L, Cuervas-Mons V, de Mendoza C, Barreiro P, and Soriano V

Abstract

Background: HIV-2 is a neglected virus despite estimates of 1-2 million people being infected worldwide. The virus is naturally resistant to some antiretrovirals used to treat HIV-1 and therapeutic options are limited for patients with HIV-2. Methods: In this retrospective observational study, we analysed all HIV-2-infected individuals treated with integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) recorded in the Spanish HIV-2 cohort. Demographics, treatment modalities, laboratory values, quantitative HIV-2 RNA and CD4 counts as well as drug resistance were analysed. Results: From a total of 354 HIV-2-infected patients recruited by the Spanish HIV-2 cohort as of December 2017, INSTIs had been given to 44, in 18 as first-line therapy and in 26 after failing other antiretroviral regimens. After a median follow-up of 13 months of INSTI-based therapy, undetectable viraemia for HIV-2 was achieved in 89% of treatment-naive and in 65.4% of treatment-experienced patients. In parallel, CD4 gains were 82 and 126 cells/mm(3), respectively. Treatment failure occurred in 15 patients, 2 being treatment-naive and 13 treatment-experienced. INSTI resistance changes were recognized in 12 patients: N155H (5), Q148H/R (3), Y143C/G (3) and R263K (1). Conclusions: Combinations based on INSTIs are effective and safe treatment options for HIV-2-infected individuals. However, resistance mutations to INSTIs are selected frequently in failing patients, reducing the already limited treatment options.

Published
2019

11. HTLV-1 infection in solid organ transplant donors and recipients in Spain

Author

de Mendoza, C., Roc, L., Benito, R., Reina, G., Ramos, J.M., Gomez, C., Aguilera, A., Rodriguez-Iglesias, M., Garcia-Costa, J., Fernandez-Alonso, M., Soriano, V., Rodriguez, C., Vera, M., del Romero, J., Marcaida, G., Ocete, M.D., Caballero, E., Molina, I., Rodriguez-Calvino, J.J., Navarro, D., Rivero, C., Vilarino, M.D., Algarate, S., Gil, J., de Lejarazu, R.O., Rojo, S., Eiros, J.M., Miguel, A.S., Manzardo, C., Miro, J.M., Garcia, J., Paz, I., Poveda, E., Calderon, E., Escudero, D., Trigo, M., Diz, J., Garcia-Campello, M., Hernandez-Betancor, A., Martin, A.M., Gimeno, A., Gutierrez, F., Rodriguez, J.C., Sanchez, V., Gomez-Hernando, C., Cilla, G., Perez-Trallero, E., Lopez-Aldeguer, J., Fernandez-Pereira, L., Niubo, J., Hernandez, M., Lopez-Lirola, A.M., Gomez-Sirvent, J.L., Force, L., Cifuentes, C., Perez, S., Morano, L., Raya, C., Gonzalez-Praetorius, A., Perez, J.L., Penaranda, M., Hernaez-Crespo, S., Montejo, J.M., Martinez-Sapina, A., Viciana, I., Cabezas, T., Lozano, A., Fernandez, J.M., Garcia-Bermejo, I., Gaspar, G., Garcia, R., Gorgolas, M., Vegas, C., Blas, J., Miralles, P., Valeiro, M., Aldamiz, T., Margall, N., Guardia, C., do Pico, E., Polo, I., Aguinaga, A., Ezpeleta, C., Sauleda, S., Piron, M., Gonzalez, R., Barea, L., Jimenez, A., Blanco, L., Suarez, A., Rodriguez-Avial, I., Perez-Rivilla, A., Parra, P., Fernandez, M., Trevino, A., Requena, S., Benitez-Gu-tierrez, L., Cuervas-Mons, V., Barreiro, P., Corral, O., and Gomez-Gallego, F.

Subjects
Transplantation, HTLV-1, Tropical spastic paraparesis, Screening, Adult T-cell leukaemia, Immunosuppression
Abstract

Background HTLV-1 infection is a neglected disease, despite infecting 10-15 million people worldwide and severe illnesses develop in 10% of carriers lifelong. Acknowledging a greater risk for developing HTLV-1 associated illnesses due to immunosuppression, screening is being widely considered in the transplantation setting. Herein, we report the experience with universal HTLV testing of donors and recipients of solid organ transplants in a survey conducted in Spain. Methods All hospitals belonging to the Spanish HTLV network were invited to participate in the study. Briefly, HTLV antibody screening was performed retrospectively in all specimens collected from solid organ donors and recipients attended since the year 2008. Results A total of 5751 individuals were tested for HTLV antibodies at 8 sites. Donors represented 2312 (42.2%), of whom 17 (0.3%) were living kidney donors. The remaining 3439 (59.8%) were recipients. Spaniards represented nearly 80%. Overall, 9 individuals (0.16%) were initially reactive for HTLV antibodies. Six were donors and 3 were recipients. Using confirmatory tests, HTLV-1 could be confirmed in only two donors, one Spaniard and another from Colombia. Both kidneys of the Spaniard were inadvertently transplanted. Subacute myelopathy developed within 1 year in one recipient. The second recipient seroconverted for HTLV-1 but the kidney had to be removed soon due to rejection. Immunosuppression was stopped and 3 years later the patient remains in dialysis but otherwise asymptomatic. Conclusion The rate of HTLV-1 is low but not negligible in donors/recipients of solid organ transplants in Spain. Universal HTLV screening should be recommended in all donor and recipients of solid organ transplantation in Spain. Evidence is overwhelming for very high virus transmission and increased risk along with the rapid development of subacute myelopathy.

Published
2019

12. Clinical Presentation of Individuals With Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type-1 Infection in Spain

Author

de Mendoza, C, Piron, M, Gonzalez, R, Jimenez, A, Caballero, E, Roc, L, Benito, R, Ramos, JM, Soriano, V, Rodriguez, C, Vera, M, del Romero, J, Marcaida, G, Ocete, MD, Molina, I, Aguilera, A, Rodriguez-Calvino, JJ, Navarro, D, Rivero, C, Vilarino, MD, Algarate, S, Gil, J, de Lejarazu, RO, Rojo, S, Eiros, JM, San Miguel, A, Manzardo, C, Miro, JM, Garcia, J, Paz, I, Poveda, E, Calderon, E, Escudero, D, Trigo, M, Diz, J, Garcia-Campello, M, Rodriguez-Iglesias, M, Hernandez-Betancor, A, Martin, AM, Gimeno, A, Gutierrez, F, Rodriguez, JC, Sanchez, V, Gomez-Hernando, C, Cilla, G, Perez-Trallero, E, Lopez-Aldeguer, J, Fernandez-Pereira, L, Niubo, J, Hernandez, M, Lopez-Lirola, AM, Gomez-Sirvent, JL, Force, L, Cifuentes, C, Perez, S, Morano, L, Raya, C, Gonzalez-Praetorius, A, Perez, JL, Penaranda, M, Hernaez-Crespo, S, Montejo, JM, Martinez-Sapina, A, Viciana, I, Cabezas, T, Lozano, A, Fernandez, JM, Garcia-Bermejo, I, Gaspar, G, Garcia, R, Gorgolas, M, Vegas, C, Blas, J, Miralles, P, Valeiro, M, Aldamiz, T, Margall, N, Guardia, C, do Pico, E, Polo, I, Aguinaga, A, Ezpeleta, C, Sauleda, S, Torres, P, Blanco, L, Suarez, A, Rodriguez-Avial, I, Perez-Rivilla, A, Parra, P, Fernandez, M, Fernandez-Alonso, M, Trevino, A, Requena, S, Benitez-Gutierrez, L, Cuervas-Mons, V, Barreiro, P, Corral, O, Gomez-Gallego, F, and HTLV Spanish Study Grp

Subjects
myelopathy, adult T-cell leukemia, HTLV-1, screening, epidemiology
Abstract

Background. Although only 8%-10% of persons infected with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) may develop virus-associated diseases lifelong, misdiagnosis of asymptomatic infected carriers frequently leads to late diagnoses. Methods. A nationwide HTLV-1 register was created in Spain in 1989. A total of 351 infected persons had been reported by the end of 2017. We examined all new HTLV-1 diagnoses during the last decade and compared their clinical presentation. Results. A total of 247 individuals with HTLV-1 infection had been reported in Spain since year 2008. The incidence has remained stable with 20-25 new diagnoses yearly. Women represented 62%. Only 12% were native Spaniards, most of whom were foreigners from Latin America (72.5%). Up to 57 (23%) individuals presented clinically with HTLV-1-associated conditions, including subacute myelopathy (n = 24; 42.1%), T-cell lymphoma (n = 19; 33.3%), or Strongyloides stercoralis infestation (n = 8; 14%). Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 diagnosis had been made either at blood banks (n = 109; 44%) or at clinics (n = 138; 56%). It is interesting to note that Spaniards and especially Africans were overrepresented among patients presenting with HTLV-1-associated illnesses, suggesting that misdiagnosis and late presentation are more frequent in these populations compared to Latin Americans. Conclusions. Given that 23% of new HTLV-1 diagnoses in Spain are symptomatic, underdiagnosis must be common. Although screening in blood banks mostly identifies asymptomatic Latin American carriers, a disproportionately high number of Spaniards and Africans are unveiled too late, that is, they already suffer from classic HTLV-1 illnesses.

Published
2019

13. QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube as a Confirmatory Test for Tuberculin Skin Test in Tuberculosis Contact Tracing: A Noninferiority Clinical Trial

Author

Muñoz L, Santin M, Alcaide F, Ruíz-Serrano MJ, Gijón P, Bermúdez E, Domínguez-Castellano A, Navarro MD, Ramírez E, Pérez-Escolano E, López-Prieto MD, Gutiérrez-Rodriguez J, Anibarro L, Calviño L, Trigo M, Cifuentes C, García-Gasalla M, Payeras A, Gasch O, Espasa M, Agüero R, Ferrer D, Casas X, Gonzalez-Cuevas MA, García-Zamalloa A, Bikuña E, Lecuona M, Galindo R, Ramírez-Lapausa M, and Carrillo R

Subjects
latent tuberculosis infection, preventive therapy, interferon-gamma release assays, tuberculin skin test
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Screening strategies based on interferon-? release assays in tuberculosis contact tracing may reduce the need for preventive therapy without increasing subsequent active disease. METHODS: We conducted an open-label, randomized trial to test the noninferiority of a 2-step strategy with the tuberculin skin test (TST) followed by QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT) as a confirmatory test (the TST/QFT arm) to the standard TST-alone strategy (TST arm) for targeting preventive therapy in household contacts of patients with tuberculosis. Participants were followed for 24 months after randomization. The primary endpoint was the development of tuberculosis, with a noninferiority margin of 1.5 percentage points. RESULTS: A total of 871 contacts were randomized. Four contacts in the TST arm and 2 in the TST/QFT arm developed tuberculosis. In the modified intention-to-treat analysis, this accounted for 0.99% in the TST arm and 0.51% in the TST/QFT arm (-0.48% difference; 97.5% confidence interval [CI], -1.86% to 0.90%); in the per-protocol analysis, the corresponding rates were 1.67% and 0.82% in the TST and TST/QFT arms, respectively (-0.85% difference; 97.5% CI, -3.14% to 1.43%). Of the 792 contacts analyzed, 65.3% in the TST arm and 42.2% in the TST/QFT arm were diagnosed with tuberculosis infection (23.1% difference; 95% CI, 16.4% to 30.0%). CONCLUSIONS: In low-incidence settings, screening household contacts with the TST and using QFT-GIT as a confirmatory test is not inferior to TST-alone for preventing active tuberculosis, allowing a safe reduction of preventive treatments. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: NCT01223534.

Published
2018

14. Film-shaped inorganic-organic hybrid polymers with biological properties

Author

Cerrada, Elena, Laguna, Mariano, El Kaoutit, H., Fernández, S., Medinilla, L., Trigo, M., Vallejos, S., García, F., García, J. M., Mendía, Aránzazu, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Junta de Castilla y León, and European Commission

Abstract

Resumen del póster presentado a la X Reunión Científica de Bioinorgánica (BioBilbao), celebrada en Bilbao (España) del 9 al 12 de julio de 2017., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MAT2014-54137-R and CTQ2015-70371-REDT-Network of Excellence MetDrugs), Junta de Castilla y León (BU232U13), Junta de Castilla y León-FEDER (BU061U16) and Fondo Social Europeo-Programa Operativo de Empleo Juvenil-Consejería de Educación-Junta de Castilla y León.

Published
2017

15. Predictors and impact of myocardial injury after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a multicenter registry

Author

Ribeiro HB, Nombela-Franco L, Munoz-Garcia AJ, Lemos PA, Amat-Santos I, Serra V, de Brito FS, Jr., Abizaid A, Sarmento-Leite R, Puri R, Cheema AN, Ruel M, Nietlispach F, Maisano F, Moris C, Del Valle R, Urena M, Abdul Jawad Altisent O, Del Trigo M, Campelo-Parada F, Jimenez Quevedo P, Alonso-Briales JH, Gutierrez H, Garcia Del Blanco B, Perin MA, Siqueira D, Bernardi G, Dumont E, Cote M, Pibarot P, Rodes-Cabau J, Ribeiro, Hb, Nombela-Franco, L, Munoz-Garcia, Aj, Lemos, Pa, Amat-Santos, I, Serra, V, de Brito, F, J, R., Abizaid, A, Sarmento-Leite, R, Puri, R, Cheema, An, Ruel, M, Nietlispach, F, Maisano, F, Moris, C, Del Valle, R, Urena, M, Abdul Jawad Altisent, O, Del Trigo, M, Campelo-Parada, F, Jimenez Quevedo, P, Alonso-Briales, Jh, Gutierrez, H, Garcia Del Blanco, B, Perin, Ma, Siqueira, D, Bernardi, G, Dumont, E, Cote, M, Pibarot, P, and Rodes-Cabau, J

Published
2015

16. Adhesion of Y2O3-Al2O3-SiO2 coatings to typical aerospace substrates

Author

Marraco-Borderas, Cinta, Nistal, Andrés, García, Eugenio, Sainz Trigo, M. Antonia, Martín De La Escalera, Federico, Essa, Yasser, Miranzo López, Pilar, and Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España)

Subjects
Thermalshields, Ensayo de rayado, Flame spraying, Escudos, Recubrimientos vítreos, Scratchtests, Proyección térmica, Materiales compuestos, Térmicos, Composites, Glasscoatings
Abstract

High performance lightweight materials are required in the aerospace industry. Silicon carbide, carbon fiber reinforced carbon and slicon carbide composites comply with those requirements but they suffer from oxidation at the high temperature of the service conditions. One of the more effective approaches to prevent this problem is the use of protecting ceramic coatings, where the good adhesion between substrates and coatings are paramount to guarantee the optimal protection performance. In the present work, the adhesion between those substrates and glass coatings of the YO-AlO-SiO system processed by oxyacetylene flame spraying is analyzed. Increasing load scratch tests are employed for determining the failure type, maximum load and their relation with the elastic and mechanical properties of the coatings. The results points to the good adhesion of the coatings to silicon carbide and carbon fibre reinforced silicon carbide while the carbon fiber reinforced carbon is not a suitable material to be coated., [ES] En la industria aeroespacial se necesitan materiales ligeros que tengan unas altas prestaciones mecánicas combinadas con una baja densidad. El carburo de silicio (SiC), el carbono reforzado con fibra de carbono (Cf/C) y el carburo de silicio reforzado con fibra de carbono (Cf/SiC) son tres materiales que cumplen con estos requisitos, pero a altas temperaturas presentan problemas de oxidación. Una de las formas más efectivas de prevenir este fenómeno es la utilización de recubrimientos cerámicos, cuya correcta adhesión sobre los distintos sustratos es fundamental para garantizar su funcionamiento. En el caso del presente trabajo, se analiza la adhesión de recubrimientos vítreos del sistema Y2O3-Al2O3-SiO2 obtenidos mediante proyección térmica por llama oxiacetilénica. Para ello, se realizan ensayos de rayado a carga creciente analizando el tipo y la carga de fallo y su relación con las propiedades elásticas y mecánicas de los recubrimientos. Los resultados indican que la adhesión sobre los sustratos SiC y Cf/SiC es buena, mientras que el Cf/C no es un material adecuado para recubrir., Este trabajo ha sido financiado por el MINECO y por el programa FEDER de la UE a través del Proyecto INNPACTO IPT-2012-0800-420000

Published
2016

17. The Burden of Neglected HIV-2 and HTLV-1 Infections in Spain

Author

Treviño A, Caballero E, de Mendoza C, Aguilera A, Pirón M, Soriano V, Rodríguez M, del Romero J, Marcaida G, Ocete MD, Molina I, Rodríguez-Calviño JJ, Navarro D, Regueiro B, Benito R, Algarate S, Gil J, Ortiz de Lejarazu R, Rojo S, Eirós JM, Manzardo C, Miró JM, García J, Paz I, Poveda E, Calderón E, Mateos M, Dronda F, Escudero D, Trigo M, Diz J, García-Campello M, Rodríguez-Iglesias M, Hernández-Betancor A, Martín AM, Ramos JM, Gimeno A, Gutiérrez F, Rodríguez JC, Sanchez V, Gómez-Hernando C, Cilla G, Pérez-Trallero E, López-Aldeguer J, Fernández-Pereira L, Niubó J, Hernández M, López-Lirola AM, Gómez-Sirvent JL, Force L, Cifuentes C, Pérez S, Morano L, Raya C, González-Praetorius A, Pérez JL, Peñaranda M, Hernáez-Crespo S, Montejo JM, Roc L, Martínez-Sapiña A, Viciana I, Cabezas T, Lozano A, Fernández JM, García-Bermejo I, Gaspar G, García R, Górgolas M, Vegas MC, Vegas C, Blas J, Miralles P, Aldamiz T, Margall N, Guardia C, Do Pico E, Polo I, Aguinaga A, Ezpeleta C, Sauleda S, Torres P, Jiménez A, Blanco L, González R, Suárez A, Requena S, Benítez-Gutiérrez L, Cuervas-Mons V, and Barreiro P

Subjects
virus diseases
Abstract

HIV-2 and HTLV-1 infections are globally less frequent than those produced by HIV-1, the classical AIDS agent. In Spain and up to the end of 2014, a total of 310 cases of HIV-2, 274 of HTLV-1, and 776 of HTLV-2 infections had been reported. No cases of HTLV-3 or HTLV-4 infections have been identified so far in Spain. Most persons infected with HIV-2 or HTLV-1 acknowledge epidemiological risk factors for contagion, such as originating from or living in endemic regions and/or having had sexual partners from those areas. However, risk factors could not be recognized in up to 20-25% of carriers in Spain. Thus, it seems worth keeping a high level of clinical suspicion in order to identify earlier these neglected human retroviral infections, since diagnostic procedures and antiviral treatment are specific for each of these agents. In this article we summarize the major contributions reported at the meeting of the Spanish Group for HIV-2/HTLV held in Madrid in December 2014

Published
2015

18. Hybrid graphene materials and coatings

Author

García Granados, Eugenio Santiago, Nistal, Andrés, Sainz Trigo, M. Antonia, Osendi, María Isabel, and Miranzo López, Pilar

Abstract

[EN] The invention relates to a hybrid material that is an electrical conductor, has self-healing capacity, is resistant to mechanical deformation, thermal ablation, corrosión, and oxidation, and has improvements in both toughness and impact resistance. In addition, the invention relates to a coating comprising the hybrid material and a suitable substrate having good adhesion to the material. In addition, the present invention relates to a process for obtaining the hybrid material and the coating system by thermal spray techniques. Finally, the present invention relates to the use of the hybrid material or the coating system as a component or part of a component of protection systems used in aeronautical, aerospace and nuclear plant applications, as well as the use of the hybrid material or the coating as unión interface in electronic and energy systems. [ES] La invención se refiere a un material híbrido que es un conductor eléctrico, posee capacidad auto-reparadora, es resistente a la deformación mecánica, la ablación térmica, la corrosión, y la oxidación, y presenta mejoras tanto en tenacidad como en resistencia al impacto. Además, la invención se refiere a un recubrimiento que comprende el material híbrido y un sustrato adecuado que presenta buena adhesión con el material. Además, la presente invención se refiere a un procedimiento de obtención del material híbrido y del sistema de recubrimiento mediante técnicas de proyección térmica. Por último, la presente invención se refiere al uso del material híbrido o del sistema de recubrimiento como componente o parte de un componente de sistemas de protección utilizado en aplicaciones aeronáuticas, aeroespaciales y plantas nucleares, así como al uso del material híbrido o del recubrimiento como interfase de unión en sistemas electrónicos y energéticos. Peer reviewed Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España); Aernnova Engineering Division, S.A. A1 Solicitud de patente con informe sobre el estado de la técnica

Published
2015

19. HIV-2 viral tropism influences CD4+ T cell count regardless of viral load

Author

Trevino, A., Soriano, V., Poveda, E., Parra, P., Cabezas, T., Caballero, E., Roc, L., Rodriguez, C., Eiros, J. M., Lopez, M., De Mendoza, C., del Romero, J., Tuset, C., Marcaida, G., Ocete, M. D., Tuset, T., Molina, I., Aguilera, A., Rodriguez-Calvino, J. J., Navarro, D., Regueiro, B., Benito, R., Gil, J., Borras, M., Ortiz de Lejarazu, R., Manzardo, C., Miro, J. M., Garcia, J., Paz, I., Calderon, E., Leal, M., Vallejo, A., Abad, M., Dronda, F., Moreno, S., Escudero, D., Trigo, M., Diz, J., Alvarez, P., Cortizo, S., Garcia-Campello, M., Rodriguez-Iglesias, M., Hernandez-Betancor, A., Martin, A. M., Ramos, J. M., Gutierrez, F., Rodriguez, J. C., Gomez-Hernando, C., Guelar, A., Cilla, G., Perez-Trallero, E., Lopez-Aldeguer, J., Sola, J., Fernandez-Pereira, L., Niubo, J., Hernandez, M., Lopez-Lirola, A. M., Gomez-Sirvent, J. L., Force, L., Cifuentes, C., Perez, S., Morano, L., Raya, C., Gonzalez-Praetorius, A., Perez, J. L., Penaranda, M., Mena, A., Montejo, J. M., Martinez-Sapina, A., Viciana, I., Lozano, A., Fernandez, J. M., Garcia Bermejo, I., Gaspar, G., Garcia, R., Gorgolas, M., Miralles, P., Aldamiz, T., Garcia, F., Suarez, A., and de Mendoza, C.

Subjects
Adult, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Male, Microbiology (medical), Multivariate analysis, Anti-HIV Agents, viruses, Cell, HIV Infections, HIV Envelope Protein gp120, Maraviroc, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Cyclohexanes, HIV Fusion Inhibitors, Viral entry, 32 Ciencias Médicas, Humans, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Viremia, Pharmacology, Cd4 t cell, business.industry, virus diseases, Middle Aged, Triazoles, Viral Load, medicine.disease, Virology, Peptide Fragments, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, 3. Good health, Carga proviral, Viral Tropism, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Spain, CCR5 Receptor Antagonists, HIV-2, Cohort, Immunology, Tissue tropism, RNA, Viral, Female, business, Viral load, Antagonistas
Abstract

Producción Científica, Background:HIV-2 infection is characterized by low plasma viraemia and slower progression to AIDS in compari-son with HIV-1 infection. However, antiretroviral therapy in patients with HIV-2 is less effective and often fails toprovide optimal CD4 recovery.Methods:We examined viral tropism in persons with HIV-2 infection enrolled in the HIV-2 Spanish cohort. Viraltropism was estimated based on V3 sequences obtained from plasma RNA and/or proviral DNA.Results:From a total of 279 individuals with HIV-2 infection recorded in the Spanish national register, 58 V3sequences belonging to 42 individuals were evaluated. X4 viruses were recognized in 14 patients (33%).Patients with X4 viruses had lower median CD4+cell counts than patients with R5 viruses [130 (17 – 210) versus359 (180 – 470) cells/mm3;P¼0.007]. This was true even considering only the subset of 19 patients on antiretro-viral therapy [94 (16 – 147) versus 184 (43 – 368) cells/mm3;P¼0.041]. In multivariate analysis, significant differ-ences in CD4+cell counts between patients with X4 and R5 viruses remained after adjusting for age, gender,antiretroviral therapy and viral load.Conclusions:The presence of X4-tropic viruses in HIV-2 infection is associated with low CD4+cell counts, regard-less of antiretroviral treatment. Along with CD4+cell counts, viral tropism testing may assist decisions aboutwhen to initiate antiretroviral therapy in HIV-2-infected individuals., Fundación Investigación y Educación en Sida. (RIS, ISCIII-RETICRD/12/0017/0031), Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (FIS, PI10/00520), Ministerio de Salud Consumo y Bienestar Social (EC10/277), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN, SAF2010/22232), El proyecto Europeo CHAIN (FP7-223131)

Published
2014

20. Irregular time series in astronomy and the use of the Lomb-Scargle periodogram

Author

Vio, R., Diaz-Trigo, M., and Andreani, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

Detection of a signal hidden by noise within a time series is an important problem in many astronomical searches, i.e. for light curves containing the contributions of periodic/semi-periodic components due to rotating objects and all other astrophysical time-dependent phenomena. One of the most popular tools for use in such studies is the "periodogram", whose use in an astronomical context is often not trivial. The "optimal" statistical properties of the periodogram are lost in the case of irregular sampling of signals, which is a common situation in astronomical experiments. Parts of these properties are recovered by the "Lomb-Scargle" (LS) technique, but at the price of theoretical difficulties, that can make its use unclear, and of algorithms that require the development of dedicated software if a fast implementation is necessary. Such problems would be irrelevant if the LS periodogram could be used to significantly improve the results obtained by approximated but simpler techniques. In this work we show that in many astronomical applications simpler techniques provide results similar to those obtainable with the LS periodogram. The meaning of the "Nyquist frequency" is also discussed in the case of irregular sampling.

Published
2013
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21. Real-time manifestation of strongly coupled spin and charge order parameters in stripe-ordered nickelates via time-resolved resonant x-ray diffraction

Author

Chuang, Y. D., Lee, W. S., Kung, Y. F., Sorini, A. P., Moritz, B., Moore, R. G., Patthey, L., Trigo, M., Lu, D. H., Kirchmann, P. S., Yi, M., Krupin, O., Langner, M., Zhu, Y., Zhou, S. Y., Reis, D. A., Huse, N., Robinson, J. S., Kaindl, R. A., Schoenlein, R. W., Johnson, S. L., Forst, M., Doering, D., Denes, P., Schlotter, W. F., Turner, J. J., Sasagawa, T., Hussain, Z., Shen, Z. X., and Devereaux, T. P.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), FOS: Physical sciences
Abstract

We investigate the order parameter dynamics of the stripe-ordered nickelate, La$_{1.75}$Sr$_{0.25}$NiO$_4$, using time-resolved resonant X-ray diffraction. In spite of distinct spin and charge energy scales, the two order parameters' amplitude dynamics are found to be linked together due to strong coupling. Additionally, the vector nature of the spin sector introduces a longer re-orientation time scale which is absent in the charge sector. These findings demonstrate that the correlation linking the symmetry-broken states does not unbind during the non-equilibrium process, and the time scales are not necessarily associated with the characteristic energy scales of individual degrees of freedom., Comment: 4 figures. Accepted by Physical Review Letter

Published
2013
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22. Disc atmospheres and winds in X-ray binaries

Author

Trigo, M. Diaz and Boirin, L.

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We review the current status of studies of disc atmospheres and winds in low mass X-ray binaries. We discuss the possible wind launching mechanisms and compare the predictions of the models with the existent observations. We conclude that a combination of thermal and radiative pressure (the latter being relevant at high luminosities) can explain the current observations of atmospheres and winds in both neutron star and black hole binaries. Moreover, these winds and atmospheres could contribute significantly to the broad iron emission line observed in these systems., Comment: Accepted for publication in Acta Polytechnica. Invited review talk at the Vulcano Workshop 2012: "Frontier Objects in Astrophysics and Particle Physics"

Published
2012
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23. Drug resistance mutations in patients infected with HIV-2 living in Spain

Author

Trevino, A., de Mendoza, C., Caballero, E., Rodriguez, C., Parra, P., Benito, R., Cabezas, T., Roc, L., Aguilera, A., Soriano, V., del Romero, J., Tuset, C., Marcaida, G., Tuset, T., Molina, I., Rodriguez-Calvino, J. J., Cortizo, S., Regueiro, B., Borras, M., Ortiz de Lejarazu, R., Eiros, J. M., Miro, J. M., Lopez-Dieguez, M., Gutierrez, M. M., Pumarola, T., Garcia, J., Paz, I., Calderon, E., Medrano, F. J., Leal, M., Capote, F., Vallejo, A., Dronda, F., Moreno, S., Escudero, D., Pujol, E., Trigo, M., Diz, J., Alvarez, P., Garcia-Campello, M., Rodriguez-Iglesias, M., Martin, A. M., Hernandez-Betancor, A., Ramos, J. M., Rodriguez, J. C., Gutierrez, F., Gomez-Hernando, C., Guelar, A., Cilla, G., Perez-Trallero, E., Lopez-Aldeguer, J., Sola, J., Fernandez-Pereira, L., Niubo, J., Veloso, S., Torres, A., Lopez Lirola, A. M., Gomez Sirvent, J. L., Force, L., Cifuentes, C., Perez, S., Raya, C., Gonzalez-Praetorius, A., Mena, A., Perez, J. L., Penaranda, M., Montejo, J. M., Gutierrez, M., Domingo, P., Martinez Sapina, A., Viciana, I., Lozano, A., Fernandez, J. M., Garcia, I., Gaspar, G., Garcia, R., and Gorgolas, M.

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Adult, Male, Adolescent, Anti-HIV Agents, Mutation, Missense, HIV Infections, Drug resistance, 030312 virology, 03 medical and health sciences, Viral Proteins, Young Adult, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), HIV Protease, Drug Resistance, Viral, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Sida, Child, Aged, Pharmacology, Aged, 80 and over, 0303 health sciences, Polymorphism, Genetic, biology, Integrases, 030306 microbiology, virus diseases, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Middle Aged, Raltegravir, medicine.disease, Resistance mutation, biology.organism_classification, Virology, Reverse transcriptase, HIV Reverse Transcriptase, 3. Good health, Integrase, Infectious Diseases, Spain, Child, Preschool, HIV-2, biology.protein, Female, Viral disease, medicine.drug
Abstract

Background: In contrast with HIV-1, information about drug resistance in HIV-2 is scarce and mainly derived from small series of patients failing antiretroviral therapy. Methods: The spectrum of changes in the reverse transcriptase (RT), protease (PR) and integrase (INT) genes was examined in HIV-2 individuals enrolled in the HIV-2 Spanish register. Results: From a total of 236 HIV-2-infected individuals registered in Spain from 1989 to June 2010, 53 PR, 44 RT and 8 INT sequences were obtained. Low plasma viraemia precluded collection of this information from most of the remaining cases. No major mutations associated with drug resistance in HIV-1 were recognized in 29 PR, 20 RT and 5 INT sequences from antiretroviral-naive HIV-2 individuals, although natural polymorphisms with potential effects on susceptibility to PR inhibitors were recognized at 10 positions (L10V/I, V32I, M36I, M46I, I47V, Q58E, A71V/I, G73A, V82I and L89I/V) and for nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors at three positions (T69N, V75I and K219E). In 24 antiretroviral-experienced patients with virological failure the most frequent major RT resistance mutations were M184V (58%), Q151M (33%) and K65R (21%), which are rarely seen thymidine analogue mutations. In PR the most frequent major changes were V47A (17%), I54M (17%), I82F (13%), L90M (29%) and L99F (29%). Two of the three patients who failed on raltegravir had N155H in the INT region. Conclusions: Drug resistance mutations in HIV-2 are selected at the same positions as in HIV-1, although with different frequency. Polymorphisms in the RT and PR associated with drug resistance in HIV-1 as compensatory changes are common in untreated HIV-2 subjects. These findings highlight the need for specific guidelines for interpreting genotypic resistance patterns in HIV-2 infection. © The Author 2011. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved.

Published
2011

24. Potential of oregano and thyme essential oils to inhibit lipid damage development during the refrigerated storage of different seafood products

Author

Aubourg, S. P., Sanjuás, M., Trigo, M., Nine, C., Jorge Barros Velázquez, and Gallardo, J. M.

Subjects
Oregano, Seafood, Refrigeration, Osidation, Hydrolysis, Thyme, Lipids, Essential oil
Abstract

4 páginas, 3 tablas.-- Póster presentado al 6th International CIGR Technical Symposium “Towards a Sustainable Food Chain” Food Process, Bioprocessing and Food Quality Management. Nantes, France - April 18-20, 2011, This research was focused on the quality retention of different ready-to-eat marine foods (hake fillet, king prawn body and squid ring) commercialised as refrigerated breadcrumb-rolled and fried products. For it, oregano (Thymus capitatus) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris) essential oils (OEO and TEO, respectively) were added in different concentrations (0.010-0.300 g/ 100 g flesh) to the seafood products during their industrial preparation; results were compared to a control where no essential oil was included. The study was directed to the lipid hydrolysis (free fatty acid formation) and oxidation (peroxide formation; thiobarbituric acid index; fluorescent compound formation) development during the refrigerated storage (4 ºC) up to 12 days. When compared to control products, both OEO and TEO treatments showed to provide an inhibitory effect on primary (peroxide formation), secondary (thiobarbituric acid index assessment) and tertiary (fluorescent compounds) lipid oxidation development. However, no effect on lipid hydrolysis development could be attributed to both essential oils at any of the concentrations tested. A slight increasing inhibitory effect on primary and secondary lipid oxidation development could be concluded as a result of increasing the essential oil (OEO and TEO) content in the treated seafoods. The employment of both essential oils is recommended in order to increase the rancidity stability of the present seafood products.

Published
2011

25. Short small-polaron lifetime in the mixed-valence perovskite Cs$_2$Au$_2$I$_6$ from high-pressure pump-probe experiments

Author

Trigo, M., Chen, J., Jiang, M. P., Mao, W. L., Riggs, S. C., Shapiro, M. C., Fisher, I. R., and Reis, D. A.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), FOS: Physical sciences, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

We study the ultrafast phonon response of mixed-valence perovskite Cs$_2$Au$_2$I$_6$ using pump-probe spectroscopy under high-pressure in a diamond anvil cell. We observed a remarkable softening and broadening of the Au - I stretching phonon mode with both applied pressure and photoexcitation. Using a double-pump scheme we measured a lifetime of the charge transfer excitation into single valence Au$^{2+}$ of less than 4 ps, which is an indication of the local character of the Au$^{2+}$ excitation. Furthermore, the strong similarity between the pressure and fluence dependence of the phonon softening shows that the inter-valence charge transfer plays an important role in the structural transition., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures

Published
2011
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26. A systematic analysis of the broad Fe Kalpha line in neutron star LMXBs with XMM-Newton

Author

Ng, C., Trigo, M. Diaz, Bel, M. Cadolle, and Migliari, S.

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We analysed the XMM-Newton archival observations of 16 neutron star (NS) low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) to study the Fe K emission in these objects. The sample includes all the observations of NS LMXBs performed in EPIC pn Timing mode with XMM-Newton publicly available until September 30, 2009. We performed a detailed data analysis considering pile-up and background effects. The properties of the iron lines differed from previous published analyses due to either incorrect pile-up corrections or different continuum parameterization. 80% of the observations for which a spectrum can be extracted showed significant Fe line emission. We found an average line centroid of 6.67 $\pm$ 0.02 keV and a finite width, $\sigma$, of 0.33 $\pm$ 0.02 keV. The equivalent width of the lines varied between 17 and 189 eV, with an average weighted value of 42 $\pm$ eV. For sources where several observations were available the Fe line parameters changed between observations whenever the continuum changed significantly. The line parameters did not show any correlation with luminosity. Most important, we could fit the Fe line with a simple Gaussian component for all the sources. The lines did not show the asymmetric profiles that were interpreted as an indication of relativistic effects in previous analyses of these LMXBs., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2010
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27. Determinación experimental y termodinámica de la influencia de la relación Al/C en la microquímica y microestructura de materiales de MgO-C-Al

Author

Serena Palomares, Sara, Sainz Trigo, M. Antonia, Caballero Cuesta, Ángel, and Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (España)

Subjects
Grafito, Aluminio, Magnesia, Relación Al/C, Estabilidad termodinámica, Aluminium, Thermodynamics stability, Graphite, Al/C ratio, Magnesium oxide
Abstract

[ES] En el presente trabajo se ha establecido entre 1100º y 1800ºC la microquímica y microestructura de materiales de MgO-C-Al con elevado contenido en MgO y para diferentes relaciones Al/C, en condiciones fuertemente reductoras. Los resultados experimentales obtenidos se han discutido en función de la estabilidad termodinámica de las diferentes fases del sistema MgO-C-Al, determinadas teóricamente a distintas temperaturas y presiones parciales de Mg(g), Al(g) y CO (g). La combinación de ambos estudios, ha permitido realizar una descripción completa del proceso de reacción que tiene lugar en las composiciones estudiadas., [EN] The microchemistry and microstructure of MgO-C-Al materials with high magnesia content and different Al/C ratio have been established between 1100º and 1800ºC, under strong reducing condition. The experimental results have been discussed as a function of thermodynamic stability of different phases of the MgO-C-Al system, theoretically determined at different temperatures and partial pressures of Mg(g), Al(g) and CO(g). Both studies have allowed established a complete description of the reaction process in all compositions studied., Este trabajo ha sido financiado por el proyecto MAT-2004-04923-C02-01.

Published
2007

28. Observaciones sobre Allium Rouyii Gautier

Author

Trigo, M., Cabezudo Artero, Baltasar, Nieto Caldera, José María, Pastor Díaz, Julio Enrique, and Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología

Published
1992

31. ESO-Athena Synergy White Paper

Author

Padovani, P., Combes, F., Diaz Trigo, M., Ettori, S., Hatziminaoglou, E., Jonker, P., Salvato, M., Viti, S., Adami, C., Aird, J., Alexander, D., Casella, P., Ceccarelli, C., Churazov, E., Cirasuolo, M., Daddi, E., Edge, A., Feruglio, C., Mainieri, V., Markoff, S., Merloni, A., Nicastro, F., O Brien, P., Oskinova, L., Panessa, F., Pointecouteau, E., Rau, A., Robrade, J., Joop Schaye, Stoehr, F., Testi, L., Tombesi, F., Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and bibliotheque, la.

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The Advanced Telescope for High ENergy Astrophysics (Athena) is the X-ray observatory mission selected by ESA within its Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 programme to address the Hot and Energetic Universe scientific theme. The ESO-Athena Synergy Team (EAST) has been tasked to single out the potential scientific synergies between Athena and optical/near-infrared (NIR) and sub/mm ground based facilities, in particular those of ESO (i.e., the VLT and ELT, ALMA and APEX), by producing a White Paper to identify and develop the: 1. needs to access ESO ground-based facilities to achieve the formulated Athena science objectives; 2. needs to access Athena to achieve the formulated science objectives of ESO facilities contemporary to Athena; 3. science areas where the synergetic use of Athena and ESO facilities in the late 2020s will result in scientific added value. Community input to the process happened primarily via a dedicated ESO - Athena Synergy Workshop that took place on Sept. 14 - 16, 2016 at ESO, Garching. This White Paper presents the results of the EAST's work, sorted by synergy area, and deals with the following topics: 1. the Hot Universe: Early groups and clusters and their evolution, Physics of the Intracluster medium, Missing baryons in cosmic filaments; 2. the Energetic Universe: Supermassive black hole (SMBH) history, SMBH accretion disks, Active Galactic Nuclei feedback - Molecular outflows, Ultra-fast outflows, Accretion Physics, Transient Science; 3. Observatory Science: Star Formation, Stars. It then discusses the optical-NIR-sub-mm perspective by providing details on VLT/MOONS, the E-ELT instruments, in particular the MOS, VISTA/4MOST, the ESO and ALMA archives, future ALMA and ESO developments, and finally the (likely) ESO - Athena astronomical scene in the 2020s. (abridged), Comment: 70 pages, 16 figures

35. Stellar-Mass Black Holes and their Progenitors

Author

Miller, J., Uttley, P., Nandra, K., Barret, D., Matt, G., Paerels, F., Mariano Mendez, Diaz-Trigo, M., Cappi, M., Kitamoto, S., Nowak, M., Wilms, J., Rothschild, R., Smith, R., Weisskopf, M., Terashima, Y., Ueda, Y., and Astronomy

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Abstract

If a black hole has a low spin value, it must double its mass to reach a high spin parameter. Although this is easily accomplished through mergers or accretion in the case of supermassive black holes in galactic centers, it is impossible for stellar-mass black holes in X-ray binaries. Thus, the spin distribution of stellar-mass black holes is almost pristine, largely reflective of the angular momentum imparted at the time of their creation. This fact can help provide insights on two fundamental questions: What is the nature of the central engine in supernovae and gamma-ray bursts? and What was the spin distribution of the first black holes in the universe?, Comment: Astro 2010 Science White Paper

39. Nonlinear X-ray compton scattering

Author

Fuchs, M., Trigo, M., Chen, J., Ghimire, S., Shwartz, S., Michael Kozina, Jiang, M., Henighan, T., Bray, C., Ndabashimiye, G., Feng, Y., Herrmann, S., Carini, G., Pines, J., Hart, P., Kenney, C., Guillet, S., Sébastien Boutet, Williams, G., Messerschmidt, M., Seibert, M., Stefan Möller, Hastings, J. B., and Reis, D. A.

41. HIV-2 and HTLV-1 infections in Spain, a non-endemic region

Author

Mendoza, C., Caballero, E., Aguilera, A., Pirón, M., Lejarazu, R. O., Rodríguez, C., Cabezas, T., González, R., Treviño, A., Soriano, V., Vera, M., Del Romero, J., Marcaida, G., Ocete, M. D., Tuset, T., Molina, I., Rodríguez-Calviño, J. J., Navarro, D., Regueiro, B., Benito, R., Gil, J., Borrás, M., Ortiz Lejarazu, R., Eirós, J. M., Manzardo, C., Miró, J. M., García, J., Paz, I., Poveda, E., Calderón, E., Vallejo, A., Abad, M., Dronda, F., Moreno, S., Escudero, D., Trigo, M., Diz, J., Álvarez, P., Cortizo, S., García-Campello, M., Manuel Antonio Rodríguez Iglesias, Hernández-Betancor, A., Martín, A. M., Ramos, J. M., Gutiérrez, F., Rodríguez, J. C., Gómez-Hernando, C., Cilla, G., Pérez-Trallero, E., López-Aldeguer, J., Fernández-Pereira, L., Niubó, J., Hernández, M., López-Lirola, A. M., Gómez-Sirvent, J. L., Force, L., Cifuentes, C., Pérez, S., Morano, L., Raya, C., González-Praetorius, A., Pérez, J. L., Peñaranda, M., Hernáez-Crespo, S., Montejo, J. M., Roc, L., Martínez-Sapiña, A., Viciana, I., Lozano, A., Fernández, J. M., García Bermejo, I., Gaspar, G., García, R., Górgolas, M., Miralles, P., Aldamiz, T., Sauleda, S., Torres, P., Suárez, A., and Benítez-Gutiérrez, L.

42. HIV-2 and HTLV-1 infections in Spain, a non-endemic region

Author

Mendoza, C., Caballero, E., Aguilera, A., Pirón, M., Lejarazu, R. O., Rodríguez, C., Cabezas, T., González, R., Treviño, A., Vicente Soriano, Vera, M., Del Romero, J., Marcaida, G., Ocete, M. D., Tuset, T., Molina, I., Rodríguez-Calviño, J. J., Navarro, D., Regueiro, B., Benito, R., Gil, J., Borrás, M., Eirós, J. M., Manzardo, C., Miró, J. M., García, J., Paz, I., Poveda, E., Calderón, E., Vallejo, A., Abad, M., Dronda, F., Moreno, S., Escudero, D., Trigo, M., Diz, J., Álvarez, P., Cortizo, S., García-Campello, M., Rodríguez-Iglesias, M., Hernández-Betancor, A., Martín, A. M., Ramos, J. M., Gutiérrez, F., Rodríguez, J. C., Gómez-Hernando, C., Cilla, G., Pérez-Trallero, E., López-Aldeguer, J., Fernández-Pereira, L., Niubó, J., Hernández, M., López-Lirola, A. M., Gómez-Sirvent, J. L., Force, L., Cifuentes, C., Pérez, S., Morano, L., Raya, C., González-Praetorius, A., Pérez, J. L., Peñaranda, M., Hernáez-Crespo, S., Montejo, J. M., Roc, L., Martínez-Sapiña, A., Viciana, I., Lozano, A., Fernández, J. M., García Bermejo, I., Gaspar, G., García, R., Górgolas, M., Miralles, P., Aldamiz, T., Sauleda, S., Torres, P., Suárez, A., and Benítez-Gutiérrez, L.

45. 40 EASD Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes : Munich, Germany, 5-9 September 2004

Author

Veitenhansl, M., Stegner, K., Hierl, F-X, Dieterle, C., Feldmeier, H., Gutt, B., Landgraf, R., Garrow, A. P., Vileikyte, L., Findlow, A., Waterman, C., Boulton, A. J. M., Shankhdhar, K., Shankhdhar, L., Shankhdhar, U., Petrova, N. L., Foster, A. V. M., Edmonds, M. E., Ferraresi, R., Caravaggi, C., Giglio, R., Cavaiani, P., Pogliaghi, I., Sommariva, E., Katz, I. A., Harlan, A., Miranda-Palma, B., Prieto-Sanchez, L., Armstrong, D. G., Bowker, J. H., Mizel, M. S., Cernea, S., Wohlgelernter, J., Kidron, M., Modi, P., Raz, I., Arbit, E., Nosek, L., Kapitza, C., Beckett, P., Gelfand, R., Goldberg, M., Heise, T., Testa, M. A., Turner, R. R., Hayes, J. F., Scranton, R. E., Simonson, D. C., Yang, Y-W, Hsu, Y-J, Naujok, O., Francini, F., Jorns, A., Tiedge, M., Lenzen, S., Abdel-Wahab, Y. H. A., Marenah, L., Orr, D. F., Shaw, C., Flatt, P. R., Chokkalingam, K., Mansell, P. I., Clausen, P., Ekbom, P., Damm, P., Feldt-Rasmussen, U., Nielsen, B., Mathiesen, E. R., Feldt-Rasmussen, B., Dewan, S., Da Silva, N., Ternan, P. Mc, Leong, K. S., Wilding, J. P. H., Asatiani, N., Kurashvili, R., Dundua, M., Shelestova, E., Pagava, K., Ramazashvili, M., Hod, M., Smirnov, S., Petersen, J. L. A., Justesen, T. I., Ringholm Nielsen, L., Muller, C., Hojlund, K., Wensaas, A., Kase, E. T., Aas, V., Rustan, A. C., Thoresen, G. H., Levin, K., Beck-Nielsen, H., Gaster, M., Im, S-S, Kang, S-Y, Kim, S-Y, Ahn, Y-H, Lihn, A. S., Schmoll, D., Werner, T., Kienitz, A., Meyer, M., Barthel, A., Ailett, F., Sutherland, C., Walther, R., Grempler, R., Sasson, S., Reich, R., Tenenbaum, T., Alpert, E., Anfossi, G., Russo, I., Traversa, M., Massucco, P., Mattiello, L., Doronzo, G., Trovati, M., Lally, S., Tan, C. Y., Owens, D., Tomkin, G. H., Porchay, I., Pean, F., Bellili, N., Betoulle, D., Balkau, B., Tichet, J., Marre, M., Fumeron, F., Group D.E.S.I.R., Chatellier, G., Alhenc-Gelas, F., Diabhycar, Study Group, Nichols, G. A., Brown, J. B., Hayes, R. P., Bowman, L., Drexel, H., Saely, C. H., Marte, T., Benzer, W., Langer, P., Hoefle, G., Moll, W., Aczel, S., Karagiannis, E., Lubben, G., Urquhart, R., Edwards, G., Bruce, S., Howlett, H. S. C., Cugnardey, N., Turner, K. C., Park, J-S, Fiedorek, F. T., Avogaro, A., Gallo, A., Pinton, P., Rizzuto, R., Murphy, E., Ceolotto, G., Caterson, I., Guy-Grand, B., Hill, J., Barone, M., Aiello, A., Allochis, G., Borzi, V., Cannata, F., Caronna, S., D Avanzo, A., Elli, R., Formoso, G., Paroli, A., Scardapane, R., Sorichetti, P., Tatti, P., Viviani, G., Santeusanio, F., Italian Repaglinide Study Group, Manzella, D., Grella, R., Abbatecola, A. M., Paolisso, G., Sondergaard, L. G., Monster, T. B. M., Johnsen, S. P., Olsen, M. L., Mclaughlin, J. K., Sorensen, H. T., Lervang, H. H., Rungby, J., Lyssenko, V., Fredriksson, J., Almgren, P., Anevski, D., Orho-Melander, M., Sjogren, M., Tuomi, T., Groop, L., Jaziri, R., Aubert, R., Tuomilehto, J., Hu, G., Jousilahti, P., Peltonen, M., Lindstrom, J., Laina, A., Alevizaki, M., Philippou, G., Souvatzoglou, A., Anastasiou, E., Alba, S., Metcalf, B. S., Voss, L. D., Jeffery, A. N., Wilkin, T. J., Gluimer, C., Colagiuri, S., Vistisen, D., Borch-Johnsen, K., Haynes, A., Bower, C., Bulsara, M. K., Jones, T. W., Davis, E. A., Mortensen, H. B., Hougaard, P., Holl, R., Swift, P., Pociot, F., Knip, M., Hansen, L., Szadkowska, A., Pietrzak, I., Zmyslowska, A., Wyka, K., Bodalski, J., Holl, R. W., Swift, R., Hougaard, R., Gerstl, E-M, Engelsberger, I., Rabl, W., Rosenbauer, J., Grobe, H., Hofer, S. E., Krause, U., DPV-Wiss-Study Group, Dabelea, D., Morgan, T., Pettitt, D. J., Dolan, L., Mayer-Davis, E. J., Pihoker, C., Hillier, T. A., Imperatore, G., Ruggiero, A., Hamman, R. E., Stylianou, A., Tentolouris, N., Perrea, D., Tselepis, A. D., Lourida, E., Kitsou, E., Katsilambros, N., Vedovato, M., Dodesini, A. R., Lepore, G., Tiengo, A., Trevisan, R., Penno, G., Miccoli, R., Pucci, L., Lucchesi, D., Bandinelli, S., Fotino, C., Triscornia, S., Baldassari, E., Del Prato, S., Reboldi, P., Santeusanio, E., Fuller, J., Langham, R. G., Gow, R. M., Zhang, Y., Kelly, D. J., Christensen, P. K., Parving, H-H, Gilbert, R. E., Chibalin, A. V., Zhong, Z., Kotova, O., Davidescu, A., Ehren, I., Ekberg, K., Wahren, J., Wassef, L., Buckley, A. J., Rooney, K. B., Briody, J., Thompson, M., Ozanne, S. E., Thompson, C. H., Chamson-Reig, A., Summers, K., Arany, E. J. R., Hill, D. J., Solerte, S. B., Gazzaruso, C., Locatelli, E., Precerutti, S., Schifino, N., Ferrari, E., Fioravanti, M., Phenekos, C. V., Ginis, A., Fragaki, I., Chalkiadaki, M., Tzioras, C., Powell, L. A., Mcguire, G. M., Jewhurst, V., Trimble, E. R., Rasmussen, B. M., Vessby, B., Uusitupa, M., Berglund, L., Pedersen, E., Riccardi, G., Rivellese, A. A., Tapsell, L., Hermansen, K., Kanwu, Study Group, Da Silva Xavier, G., Rutter, J., Rutter, G. A., Briaud, I. M., Lingohr, M. K., Dickson, L. M., Mccuaig, J. R., Lawrence, J. C., Rhodes, C. J., Wikstrom, J. D., Katzman, S. M., Shirihai, O. S., Yang, J., Deng, S., Wang, X., Hessner, M. J., Wu, J., Wong, R. K., Sukumvanich, S., Markman, J. F., Naji, A., Wolf, B. A., Gao, Z., Rubi, B., Del Arco, A., Satrustegui, J., Maechler, P., Del Guerra, S., Lupi, R., Bugliani, M., Sbrana, S., Torri, S., Boggi, U., Vistoli, F., Mosca, F., Marchetti, P., Rennings, A. J. M., Smits, P., Stewart, M. W., Tack, C. J. J., Li, L., Nystrom, T., Gutniak, M., Ahren, B., Holst, J., Sjoholm, A., Gomes, M. B., Cailleaux, S., Tibirica, E., Albertini, J-P, Chen, H., Mather, R., Valensi, P. E., Chisalita, S. I., Arnqvist, H. J., Kraenkel, N., Adams, V., Linke, A., Gielen, S., Schuler, G., Humbrecht, R., Cipollone, F., Iezzi, A., Fazia, M., Pini, B., Cucurullo, C., Cesare, D., Schmidt, A. M., Mazurek, T., Zang, L. F., Mannion, J., Diehl, J., Martin, J., Martella, A., Zalewski, A., Shi, Y., Otter, W., Winter, M., Doering, W., Standi, E., Schnell, O., Kragelund, C., Kober, L., Faber, J., Hildebrandt, P., Steffensen, R., Pankowska, E., Szypowska, A., Lipka, M., Herwig, J., Scholl-Schilling, G., Bohles, H., Robertson, K. J., Schonle, E., Gucev, Z., Mordhorst, L., Tamer, S. C., Gall, M-A, Ludvigsson, J., Hoogma, R. P. L., Hammond, P. J., Gomis, R., Kerr, D., Bruttomesso, D., Bouter, P., Wiefels, K. J., La Calle, H., Schweitzer, D. H., Pfohl, M., Torlone, E., Krinelke, L. G., 205-Nations Study Group, Conget, I., Storms, F., Rodriguez, J., Leperlier, C., Davies, M., At Lantus, Study Group, Peter, R., Luzio, S. D., Dunseath, G., Miles, A., Hare, B., Backx, K., Pauvaday, V., Owens, D. R., Caselli, A., Marfia, G. 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46. Aromatic polyamides

Author

Trigo, M., Jesus L. Pablos, García, F. C., and García, J. M.

47. High rate of major drug–drug interactions of lopinavir–ritonavir for COVID-19 treatment

Author

Anaïs Corma, Marta Trigo, Marta Fernandez-Fuertes, Alejandro González-Serna, Enrique Contreras-Macias, Antonio Gutiérrez-Pizarraya, Juan Macías, Luis Miguel Real, Francisco A. Lao-Dominguez, Juan A. Pineda, Ana Pinilla, Ramón Morillo-Verdugo, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, [Macías,J, Pinilla,A, Corma,A, González-Serna,A, Fernández-Fuertes,M, Trigo,M, Real,LM, Pineda,JA] Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen de Valme, Seville, Spain. [Lao-Dominguez,FA, Contreras-Macias,E, Gutierrez-Pizarraya,A, and Morillo-Verdugo,R] Pharmacy, Hospital Universitario Virgen de Valme, Seville, Spain.

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, España, Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cross-Sectional Studies [Medical Subject Headings], Lopinavir/ritonavir, Single Center, Lopinavir, Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Pharmacological Phenomena::Pharmacological Processes::Drug Interactions [Medical Subject Headings], Antimicrobial therapy, Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Therapeutic Uses::Anti-Infective Agents::Antiviral Agents [Medical Subject Headings], Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings], 0302 clinical medicine, immune system diseases, Chemicals and Drugs::Pharmaceutical Preparations::Drug Combinations [Medical Subject Headings], Drug Interactions, heterocyclic compounds, 030212 general & internal medicine, Inhibidores de proteasas, Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Aged [Medical Subject Headings], media_common, High rate, Multidisciplinary, Drug combinations, virus diseases, Middle Aged, Drug Combinations, Interacciones farmacológicas, Female, medicine.drug, Drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Sulfur Compounds::Thiazoles::Ritonavir [Medical Subject Headings], media_common.quotation_subject, 030106 microbiology, Chemicals and Drugs::Heterocyclic Compounds::Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring::Pyrimidines::Pyrimidinones::Lopinavir [Medical Subject Headings], Check Tags::Male [Medical Subject Headings], Lower risk, Antiviral Agents, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, parasitic diseases, medicine, Humans, Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action::Enzyme Inhibitors::Protease Inhibitors [Medical Subject Headings], Protease Inhibitors, Aged, Geographical Locations::Geographic Locations::Europe::Spain [Medical Subject Headings], Ritonavir, Adverse effects, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, COVID-19, Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Middle Aged [Medical Subject Headings], Odds ratio, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, Diseases::Virus Diseases::RNA Virus Infections::Nidovirales Infections::Coronaviridae Infections::Coronavirus Infections [Medical Subject Headings], Confidence interval, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, Cross-Sectional Studies, Antiviral agents, Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings], Viral infection, Spain, Concomitant, Antivirales, Combinación de medicamentos, business
Abstract

The impact of drug–drug interactions (DDI) between ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (LPV-r) to treat patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and commonly used drugs in clinical practice is not well-known. Thus, we evaluated the rate and severity of DDI between LPV-r for COVID-19 treatment and concomitant medications. This was a cross-sectional study including all individuals diagnosed of SARS-CoV-2 infection treated with LPV-r and attended at a single center in Southern Spain (March 1st to April 30th, 2020). The frequency [95% confidence interval (95% CI)] of potential and major DDI were calculated. Overall, 469 patients were diagnosed of COVID-19, 125 (27%) of them were prescribed LPV-r. LPV-r had potential DDI with concomitant medications in 97 (78%, 95% CI 69–85%) patients, and in 33 (26%, 95% CI 19–35%) individuals showed major DDI. Twelve (36%) patients with major DDI and 14 (15%) individuals without major DDI died (p = 0.010). After adjustment, only the Charlson index was independently associated with death [adjusted OR (95% CI) for Charlson index ≥ 5: 85 (10–731), p, This study has not been funded. J.A.P. is recipient of an intensification grant from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Grant number Programa-I3SNS).

Published
2020

48. Deep Chandra Observations of LMXB Populations in Normal Elliptical Galaxies

Author

Brassington, Nicola, Trinchieri, G., Pellegrini, S., Fabbiano, G., Kim, D. -W, Zezas, A., Gallagher, J., Angelini, L., Davies, R., Kalogera, V., King, A., Zepf, S., Tassos Fragos, Kundu, A., M. DIAZ TRIGO & M. EHLE, WITH THE HELP OF B. ALTIERI, A. IBARRA, N. LOISEAU, E. OJERO, A. POLLOCK, M. SANTOS-LLEO AND N. SCHARTEL, Brassington N., Trinchieri G., Pellegrini S., Fabbiano G., Kim D.W., Zezas A., Gallagher J., Angelini L., Davies R., Kalogera V., King A., Zepf S., Fragos T., and Kundu A.

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the X-ray luminosity functions (XLFs) of low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) determined for old elliptical galaxies, NGC 3379 and NGC 4278. Because both galaxies contain little diffuse emission from the hot ISM and no recent significant star formation (hence no high-mass X-ray binary contamination), they provide two of the best homogeneous samples of LMXBs.

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