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Frédérique Aït-Touati et Stephen Gaukroger explorent les statuts épistémologiques de l’image et de la vue au XVIIe siècle. Le premier chapitre montre comment le concept d’idée claire et distincte de Descartes trouve ses origines dans la rhétorique, en particulier celle de Quintilien. Le deuxième étudie comment Descartes a appliqué ce concept aux raisonnements abstraits des mathématiques en géométrisant l’algèbre. Le troisième porte sur les images microscopiques et télescopiques de Robert Hook...

Frederique Ait-Touati et Stephen Gaukroger explorent les statuts epistemologiques de l’image et de la vue au XVIIe siecle. Le premier chapitre montre comment le concept d’idee claire et distincte de Descartes trouve ses origines dans la rhetorique, en particulier celle de Quintilien. Le deuxieme etudie comment Descartes a applique ce concept aux raisonnements abstraits des mathematiques en geometrisant l’algebre. Le troisieme porte sur les images microscopiques et telescopiques de Robert Hook...

Bien qu’incontournable pour une meilleure comprehension du codex illustre, la question de la reglure (masṭar en persan), de son fonctionnement dans les manuscrits a peintures et de son utilisation au sein des ateliers-bibliotheques princiers (ketāb-ḫāne) n’a fait l’objet, jusqu’a present, que d’un nombre d’etudes tres restreint. Y. Porter s’y consacre ici en recensant dans un premier temps les sources se rapportant au masṭar dans la litterature persane (on notera que les premieres references ...

Introduction: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of haematological disorders, whose diagnosis is based mainly on cytological studies of blood and marrow cells and cytogenetic analysis. Moreover, national epidemiological data on MDS are very scarce, especially in Maghreb countries where the population is on average younger than in Europe or the USA. The objective of the present study was to describe demographic and clinical features and the overall survival of patients with MDS in Algeria. Materials and Methods: This study is retrospective and national multicenter (n=19 centres), performed between 2014 to 2019. The evaluation was performed using EPI-INFO and SPSS version 21 software. Survival data were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and comparison of survival curves using the Log Rank test. Univariate and multivariate analysis of survival was performed using the Cox regression method. The study has been approved by the Ethical and Scientific Council of the participating hospitals. The closing date of the study is 31/12/2019. Results: A total of 670 patients with newly diagnosed MDS have been identified. The average number of new cases was 112/year, with an annual progression rate of 19%. Demographics show a slight female predominance (M/F of 317/353=0, 89; sex ratio F/M=1.11). The median follow-up was 29,3 months (range, 1 to 77 months). The overall median age was 69 years (range 16-96). The crude mean annual incidence rate was 0, 38 per 100,000 inhabitants aged ≥15 years old and it was 0, 17/100,000 in men and 0, 21/100,000 in women. Overall survival was 39 months. According to the IPSS score, the high-risk forms are low and their overall survival was 15 months. The rate of transformation into acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is 32%. Conclusion: This national epidemiological survey shows an annual progression rate of 19% and an increase in incidence from 0.007/100.000 in 2005 to 0.45/100.000 in 2019.

This paper addresses the problem of mining sequential patterns (SPM) from data represented as a set ofsequences. In this work, we are interested in sequences of items in which each item is associated with its quantity.To the best of our knowledge, existing approaches don’t allow to handle this kind of sequences under constraints.In the other hand, several proposals show the efficiency of constraint programming (CP) to solve SPM problemdealing with several kind of constraints. However, in this paper, we propose the global constraint QSPM whichis an extension of the two CP-based approaches proposed in [5] and [7]. Experiments on real-life datasets showthe efficiency of our approach allowing to specify many constraints like size, membership and regular expressionconstraints.

Background: Pulicaria is a genus of the Asteraceae family, tribe Inuleae, containing 100 species with a distribution from Europe to North Africa to Asia. Objective: In this work, the study is focused on the difference in phytochemical and antibacterial activity of Pulicaria odora harvested in two regions of northern Algeria. Methods: Two maceration extraction methods were used; a stir plate at room temperature and bath shaker at 37 °C. Total phenolics and flavonoids were carried out using Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminium chloride methods, respectively. Antibacterial activity was evaluated by agar diffusion method on four bacterial strains Listeria innocua, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Results: The results found showed that the highest total polyphenol content was 271,8 ± 22, 52 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry matter (mg GAE/g of DM); the best flavonoid content is 51,53 ± 4,42 mg quercetin equivalent / g of dry matter (mg QE/g of DM) harvested in Bejaia. The best levels of total polyphenols and flavonoids from the plant harvested in the region of Tizi-Ouzou are 218,23 ± 12.33 mg GAE / g of DM, 54,15 ± 5,98 mg QE/ g DM respectively. The two phenolic extracts obtained by the two solvents at a concentration of 70% are more active against S. aureus (17.66 mm for the sample of Bejaia at the concentration of 1mg /20µL), while a moderate sensitivity is recorded against other strains for the two samples. Conclusion: Pulicaria odora leaf extract is strong against bacterial infection and can be used as medicinal remedy and in food industry

Caused by excess levels of nutrients and increased temperatures, freshwater cyanobacterial blooms have become a serious global issue. However, with the development of artificial intelligence and extreme learning machine methods, the forecasting of cyanobacteria blooms has become more feasible. We explored the use of multiple techniques, including both statistical [Multiple Regression Model (MLR) and Support Vector Machine (SVM)] and evolutionary [Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Genetic Algorithm (GA), and Bird Swarm Algorithm (BSA)], to approximate models for the prediction of Microcystis density. The data set was collected from Oubeira Lake, a natural shallow Mediterranean lake in the northeast of Algeria. From the correlation analysis of ten water variables monitored, six potential factors including temperature, ammonium, nitrate, and ortho-phosphate were selected. The performance indices showed; MLR and PSO provided the best results. PSO gave the best fitness but all techniques performed well. BSA had better fitness but was very slow across generations. PSO was faster than the other techniques and at generation 20 it passed BSA. GA passed BSA a little further, at generation 50. The major contributions of our work not only focus on the modelling process itself, but also take into consideration the main factors affecting Microcystis blooms, by incorporating them in all applied models.

Reducing vibration and noise in electrical machines for a given application is not an easy task, especially when the application imposes some restrictions. There are many techniques for reducing vibration based on design or on control. Switched reluctance motors (SRMs) have a double-saliency structure, which results in a radial pulsation force. Consequently, they cause vibration and acoustic noise. This paper investigates the correlation between the radial force and the skew angle of the stator and/or rotor circuits. The analysis is computed from two-dimensional (2D) transient magnetic finite-element analysis (FEA) of three machine topologies, namely the 12/8 three-phase SRM, the 6/4 three-phase SRM and the 8/6 four-phase SRM. Compared to SRM, these topologies have the same basic dimensions (stator outer diameter, rotor outer diameter, and length) and operate in the same magnetic circuit saturation. The flux linkage and torque characteristics of the different motors are presented. The radial force distributed on the stator yoke under various skewing angles is studied extensively by FEA for the three machines. It is also demonstrated the effect of skewing angles in the reduction of radial force without any reduction in torque production.

Background: Asteraceae family, of which Pulicaria genus, plays a remarkable role in the development of drugs used in modern medicine. Leaf extracts of Pulicaria odora harvested in Bejaia were evaluated for their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Methods: HCl method at three different wavelengths 280, 320 and 360 nm was carried out for total phenolics content and characterized by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) analysis. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated using four bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria innocua) and three molds (Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma reesei). Four antioxidant tests (ORAC, ABTS, DPPH and FRAP) were performed. Results: The extracts had high total polyphenols (305 mg catechin equivalents [CE]), flavonols (56 mg quercetin equivalents [QE]), tannins (77 mg CE) and tartaric acids (38 mg caffeic acid equivalents [CAE]) per g dry matter contents. UPLC analysis of the 70 % ethanol extracts showed abundant phenolic acids (protocatechuic, chlorogenic and caffeic acids). Pulicaria odora extracts exhibited good antimicrobial activity against bacterial (~18 mm inhibition zones) and molds (11.3-17.3 mm) strains. Conclusion: All extracts displayed good antioxidant activity and effective antimicrobial activity, which allow its use as a conservative agent or therapeutic remedy.