17 results on '"Tirelli V."'
Search Results
2. First estimating of energy density of Engraulis encrasicolus (Linneus, 1758) in the Adriatic Sea (northeastern Mediterranean)
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Tirelli, V, Borme, D, Tulli, F, Cigar, M, Fonda, Serena, Brandt, Sb, Tirelli, V, Borme, D, Tulli, F, Cigar, M, Fonda, Serena, and Brandt, Sb
- Published
- 2006
3. Relationships between microzooplankton and mesozooplankton: competition vs. predation on natural assemblages of the Gulf of Trieste (northern Adriatic Sea)
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FONDA, SERENA, TIRELLI V., BERAN A., GUARDIANI B., Fonda, Serena, Tirelli, V., Beran, A., and Guardiani, B.
- Published
- 2005
4. Zooplankton of the Mediterranean Sea. ICES Zooplankton Status Report 2010/2011
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Yebra, L. (Lidia), Mercado-Carmona, J.M. (Jesús Mariano), Cortés-Delgado, M.D. (María Dolores), Putzeys, S., Fernández-de-Puelles, M.L. (María Luz), Stemmann, L. (Lars), Gorsky, G. (Gabriel), Mazzocchi, M.G. (Maria Grazia), Capua, I. di, Tirelli, V. (Valentina), Olazábal, A. de, Fonda-Umani, S. (Serena), Vidjak, O. (Olja), Siokou-Frangou, I. (Ioanna), Zervoudaki, S. (Soultana), and Christou, E.
- Abstract
0
- Published
- 2013
5. ECOSYSTEM FRAGILITY TO ALIEN AND INVASIVE SPECIES
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Corriero, G, Acost, A, Allegrini, Mc, Austoni, M, Barbone, N, Bartolozzi, L, Basset, A, Bastianini, M, Bavestrello, G, Bernardi Aubry, F, Boero, F, Boggero, A, Buia, Mc, Cabrini, M, Campanaro, A, Campetella, G, Canullo, R, Cardone, F, Carranza, Ml, Cataletto, B, Cattaneo, A, Cattaneo Vietti, R, Cavraro, F, Cecere, E, Cervellini, M, Cesaroni, D, Chelli, S, Chiapparelli, S, Cianferoni, F, Cibic, T, Cocciufa, C, Elia, Antonia Concetta, De Felici, S, De Olazabal, A, D'Onghia, G, Finotto, S, Fiore, N, Fontaneto, D, Fornasaro, D, Franzoi, P, Fraschetti, S., Frate, L, Fuentes, D, Gaino, Elda Rosa, Gaudiano, L., Giangrande, A, Goretti, Enzo, Ingrosso, W, Keppel, E, Labadessa, R, LA PORTA, Gianandrea, Longo, C, Lorenti, M, Lorenzoni, Massimo, Lucarini, D, Ludovisi, Alessandro, Malavasi, S, Manca, M, Maiorano, P, Marchetto, A, Marra, M, Doerr, Ambrosius J. Martin, Mastrototaro, F, Mazzocchi, Mg, Minari, E, Mistri, M, Monti, M, Morabito, G, Munari, C, Nonnis Marzano, C, Oggioni, A, Patti, Fp, Pelino, G, Petrocelli, A, Pierri, C, Pugnetti, A, Riccarducci, G, Rosati, I, Riccardi, N, Santoro, R, Sarno, D., Sbordoni, V, Sorino, R, Scipione, B, Sigovini, M, Sion, L, Stanisci, A, Tagliapietra, D, Tirelli, V, Tursi, A, Ungaro, N, Volta, P, Zingone, A, Zucchetta, M, and Zupo, V.
- Subjects
ECOSYSTEM FRAGILITY ,LIFEWATCH ,BIODIVERSITY ,TO ALIEN SPECIES - Published
- 2012
6. Zooplankton distribution in the Mediterranean Sea: regional and seasonal features (SESAME-WP2, cruises 2008)
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Mazzocchi, M.G. (Maria Grazia), Siokou-Frangou, I. (Ioanna), Tirelli, V. (Valentina), Fernández-de-Puelles, M.L. (María Luz), Ak-Örek, Y. (Yesim), de-Olazábal, A. (Alessandra), Gazá, M. (Magdalena), Legovini, S. (Sara), Margiotta F. (Francesca), Protopapa, M. (Maria), Kress, N. (Nurit), Bandelj, V. (Vinko), Solidoro, C. (Cosimo), Libralato, S. (Simone), Arashkevich, E. (Elena), Terbiyik-Kurt, T. (Tuba), Uysal, Z. (Zahit), Gubanova, A. (Alexandra), Stefanova, K. (Kremena), Timofte, F. (Florin), Timonin, A (Alexander), and The SESAME-Zoo Group
- Published
- 2011
7. Observational study on HIV-infected subjects failing HAART receiving tenofovir plus didanosine as NRTI backbone RID G-8810-2011
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Bongiovanni, M, Gianotti, N, Chiesa, E, Nasta, P, Cicconi, P, Capetti, A, Di Biagio, A, Matti, A, Tirelli, V, Marconi, P, DE LUCA, Andrea, Mussini, C, Gatti, F, Zaccarelli, M, Abeli, C, Torti, C, Antinori, A, Castagna, A, and Monforte, Ad
- Published
- 2007
8. Lopinavir plasma levels in salvage regimes by a population of highly active antiretroviral therapy-treated HIV-1-positive patients RID G-8810-2011
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Torti, C, Quiros Roldan, E, Tirelli, V, Regazzi Bonora, M, Moretti, F, Pierotti, P, Orani, A, Maggi, P, Cargnel, A, Patroni, A, DE LUCA, Andrea, and Carosi, G.
- Published
- 2004
9. Educational outlook through a clinical approach: The contributions of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and of Functional Analytic Psychotherapy in the case of a boy with social anxiety,Prospettive educative attraverso un approccio clinico: I contributi dell'Acceptance and Commitment Therapy e della Functional Analytic Psychotherapy nel caso di un ragazzo con ansia sociale
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Roberto Cattivelli, Cavallini, F., Tirelli, V., Maffini, N., and Perini, S.
10. Early virological failure after tenofovir + didanosine + efavirenz combination in HIV-positive patients upon starting antiretroviral therapy
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Torti, C., Maria Eugenia QUIROS ROLDAN, Regazzi, M., Antinori, A., Patroni, A., Villani, P., Tirelli, V., Cologni, G., Zinzi, D., Lo Caputo, S., Perini, P., and Carosi, G.
11. Plankton dynamics across the freshwater, transitional and marine research sites of the LTER-Italy Network. Patterns, fluctuations, drivers
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Francesca Margiotta, Mauro Bastianini, Antonella Gesuina Laura Lugliè, Iole Di Capua, Marina Cabrini, Paolo Povero, Diana Sarno, Michela Castellano, Mauro Marini, Giampaolo Rossetti, Alessandra de Olazabal, Alessandro Ludovisi, Ilaria Rosati, Elena Stanca, Mariano Bresciani, Nico Salmaso, Alessandra Pugnetti, Marina Giallain, Marina Manca, Cecilia Totti, Cecilia Teodora Satta, Antonia Concetta Elia, Mara Marzocchi, Marco Pansera, Nicola Sechi, Silvia Pulina, Federica Grilli, Giuseppe Morabito, Ulrike Obertegger, Valentina Tirelli, Genuario Belmonte, Daniela Fornasaro, Barbara Leoni, Tiziana Romagnoli, Maria Antonietta Mariani, Fabrizio Bernardi Aubry, Carmela Caroppo, Caterina Bergami, M. Lipizer, Bachisio Mario Padedda, Isabella Bertani, Elisa Camatti, Fabio Buzzi, Bruno Cataletto, Roberta Piscia, Paola Del Negro, Maria Grazia Mazzocchi, Giovanna Flaim, Alberto Basset, Alessandro Oggioni, Adriana Zingone, Fernando Rubino, Stefano Accoroni, Lorenzo Longobardi, Giuseppe, Morabito, Maria Grazia Mazzocchi, Nico, Salmaso, Adriana, Zingone, Caterina, Bergami, Giovanna, Flaim, Stefano, Accoroni, Basset, Alberto, Mauro, Bastianini, Belmonte, Genuario, Fabrizio Bernardi Aubry, Isabella, Bertani, Mariano, Bresciani, Fabio, Buzzi, Marina, Cabrini, Elisa, Camatti, Carmela, Caroppo, Bruno, Cataletto, Michela, Castellano, Paola Del Negro, Alessandra de Olazabal, Iole Di Capua, Antonia Concetta Elia, Daniela, Fornasaro, Marina, Giallain, Federica, Grilli, Barbara, Leoni, Marina, Lipizer, Lorenzo, Longobardi, Alessandro, Ludovisi, Antonella, Lugliè, Marina, Manca, Francesca, Margiotta, Maria Antonietta Mariani, Mauro, Marini, Mara, Marzocchi, Ulrike, Obertegger, Alessandro, Oggioni, Bachisio Mario Padedda, Marco, Pansera, Roberta, Piscia, Paolo, Povero, Silvia, Pulina, Tiziana, Romagnoli, Rosati, Ilaria, Giampaolo, Rossetti, Fernando, Rubino, Diana, Sarno, Cecilia Teodora Satta, Sechi, Nicola, Stanca, Elena, Valentina, Tirelli, Cecilia, Totti, Alessandra, Pugnetti, Morabito, G, Mazzocchi, M, Salmaso, N, Zingone, A, Bergami, C, Flaim, G, Accoroni, S, Basset, A, Bastianini, M, Belmonte, G, Bernardi Aubry, F, Bertani, I, Bresciani, M, Buzzi, F, Cabrini, M, Camatti, E, Caroppo, C, Cataletto, B, Castellano, M, Del Negro, P, de Olazabal, A, Di Capua, I, Elia, A, Fornasaro, D, Giallain, M, Grilli, F, Leoni, B, Lipizer, M, Longobardi, L, Ludovisi, A, Lugliè, A, Manca, M, Margiotta, F, Mariani, M, Marini, M, Marzocchi, M, Obertegger, U, Oggioni, A, Padedda, B, Pansera, M, Piscia, R, Povero, P, Pulina, S, Romagnoli, T, Rosati, I, Rossetti, G, Rubino, F, Sarno, D, Satta, C, Sechi, N, Stanca, E, Tirelli, V, Totti, C, and Pugnetti, A
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,LTER-Italy aquatic site ,Environmental Engineering ,Freshwater inflow ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,LTER-Italy ,Population Dynamics ,Aquatic ecosystem ,Ecological succession ,LTER ,01 natural sciences ,Zooplankton ,Settore BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA ,Phytoplankton ,Environmental Chemistry ,Animals ,Ecosystem ,Waste Management and Disposal ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Driving factors ,Ecology ,seasonality ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,plankton ,fungi ,Pelagic zone ,Plankton ,Pollution ,Mesozooplankton ,Aquatic ecosystems ,Italy ,long term changes ,Aquatic ecosystems, LTER-Italy, Mesozooplankton, Phytoplankton ,Environmental science ,BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA ,BIO/05 - ZOOLOGIA ,Environmental Monitoring - Abstract
A first synoptic and trans-domain overview of plankton dynamics was conducted across the aquatic sites belonging to the Italian Long-Term Ecological Research Network (LTER-Italy). Based on published studies, checked and complemented with unpublished information, we investigated phytoplankton and zooplankton annual dynamics and long-term changes across domains: from the large subalpine lakes to mountain lakes and artificial lakes, from lagoons to marine coastal ecosystems. This study permitted identifying common and unique environmental drivers and ecological functional processes controlling seasonal and long-term temporal course. The most relevant patterns of plankton seasonal succession were revealed, showing that the driving factors were nutrient availability, stratification regime, and freshwater inflow. Phytoplankton and mesozooplankton displayed a wide interannual variability at most sites. Unidirectional or linear long-term trends were rarely detected but all sites were impacted across the years by at least one, but in many case several major stressor(s): nutrient inputs, meteo-climatic variability at the local and regional scale, and direct human activities at specific sites. Different climatic and anthropic forcings frequently co-occurred, whereby the responses of plankton communities were the result of this environmental complexity. Overall, the LTER investigations are providing an unparalleled framework of knowledge to evaluate changes in the aquatic pelagic systems and management options.
- Published
- 2017
12. The Expression of the Glucocorticoid Receptor in Human Erythroblasts is Uniquely Regulated by KIT Ligand: Implications for Stress Erythropoiesis
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Peter Besmer, Valentina Tirelli, Barbara Ghinassi, Elena Masselli, Nayanendu Saha, Lilian Varricchio, Anna Rita Migliaccio, Varricchio, L, Tirelli, V, Masselli, E, Ghinassi, B, Saha, N, Besmer, P, and Anna Rita Franco Migliaccio
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MAPK/ERK pathway ,Erythroblasts ,Stem cell factor ,Biology ,glucocorticoid receptor erythroblasts KIT ligand erythropoiesis ,Mice ,Receptors, Glucocorticoid ,Glucocorticoid receptor ,Original Research Reports ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Stress, Physiological ,Animals ,Humans ,Protein Isoforms ,Erythropoiesis ,Phosphorylation ,Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases ,Receptor ,Cells, Cultured ,STAT5 ,Cell Proliferation ,Stem Cell Factor ,Cell Biology ,Hematology ,Molecular biology ,Peptide Fragments ,Haematopoiesis ,Gene Expression Regulation ,biology.protein ,Megakaryocytes ,Protein Processing, Post-Translational ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
Studies in mice indicated that activation of the erythroid stress pathway requires the presence of both soluble KIT ligand (KITL) and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). To clarify the relative role of KITL and GR in stress erythropoiesis in humans, the biological activities of soluble full length- (fl-, 26-190 aa), carboxy-terminus truncated (tr-, 26-162 aa) human (hKITL) and murine (mKITL) KITL in cultures of cord blood (CB) mononuclear cells (MNCs) and CD34(pos) cells that mimic either steady state (growth factors alone) or stress (growth factors plus dexamethasone [DXM]) erythropoeisis were investigated. In steady state cultures, the KITLs investigated were equally potent in sustaining growth of hematopoietic colonies and expansion of megakaryocytes (MK) and erythroid precursors (EBs). By contrast, under stress erythropoiesis conditions, fl-hKITL generated greater numbers of EBs (fold increase [FI]=140) than tr-hKITL or mKITL (FI=20-40). Flow cytometric analyses indicated that only EBs generated with fl-hKITL remained immature (>70% CD36(pos)/CD235a(neg/low)), and therefore capable to proliferate, until day 8-12 in response to DXM. Signaling studies indicated that all KITLs investigated induced EBs to phosphorylate signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) but that extracellular-signaling-regulated-kinases (ERK) activation was observed mainly in the presence of fl-hKITL. EBs exposed to fl-hKITL also expressed higher levels of GRα than those exposed to mKITL (and tr-hKITL) which were reduced upon exposure to the ERK inhibitor U0126. These data reveal a unique requirement for fl-hKITL in the upregulation of GRα and optimal EB expansion in cultures that mimic stress erythropoiesis.
- Published
- 2012
13. Prediction of early and confirmed virological response by genotypic inhibitory quotients for lopinavir in patients naïve for lopinavir with limited exposure to previous protease inhibitors
- Author
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Mario Regazzi, Giuseppe Lapadula, Giampiero Carosi, Valeria Tirelli, Franco Gargiulo, Maria Cristina Uccelli, Eugenia Quiros-Roldan, Andrea Patroni, Andrea De Luca, Nino Manca, Piera Pierotti, Carmine Tinelli, Carlo Torti, Torti, C, Uccelli, M, Quiros-Roldan, E, Gargiulo, F, Tirelli, V, Lapadula, G, Regazzi, M, Pierotti, P, Tinelli, C, Luca, A, Patroni, A, Manca, N, and Carosi, G
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Genotype ,Logistic Model ,Pharmacokinetic ,Salvage therapy ,HIV Infections ,Predictive Value of Test ,Pyrimidinones ,Logistic regression ,Lopinavir ,HIV Protease ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Virology ,Internal medicine ,Drug Resistance, Viral ,medicine ,Humans ,HIV Protease Inhibitor ,HIV Infection ,Pyrimidinone ,Salvage Therapy ,biology ,HIV resistance ,HIV Protease Inhibitors ,Virological response ,biology.organism_classification ,Logistic Models ,Infectious Diseases ,Predictive value of tests ,Lentivirus ,Immunology ,HIV-1 ,RNA, Viral ,Female ,Inhibitory quotient ,HIV drug resistance ,Human ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Objective: To determine the impact of genotypic inhibitory quotient (GIQ) for lopinavir (LPV) in patients failing HAART with limited antiretroviral exposure. Design: Retrospective analysis of a prospective trial. Methods: Lopinavir GIQ was calculated as the ratio between the mean trough concentration (Ctrough) and the number of protease mutations using eight different HIV drug resistance mutation lists or algorithms. Early (by week 12) and confirmed (up to week 24) virological response (HIV-RNA < 400 copies/mL, ECVR) was used as dependent variable in logistic regression model. Results: Seventy-one of 109 (65%) patients achieved ECVR. At multivariable logistic regression analysis, each μg/mL increase of GIQ was correlated with increasing probability of ECVR as far as the following mutations were computed: multi-protease inhibitor (PI) associated mutations listed by IAS (OR = 1.17; 95% CI = 0.99-1.39; P = 0.058), mutations associated with LPV resistance by ANRS algorithm (OR = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.02-1.44; P = 0.03), major mutations associated with LPV resistance by Stanford database (OR = 1.16; 95% CI = 1-1.35; P = 0.05), and the whole set of mutations associated with LPV resistance in the same database (OR = 1.22; 95% CI = 1.02-1.46; P = 0.03). Using ROC curve method, a specific threshold GIQ was assessed, above which this parameter could predict ECVR with the highest sensitivity (74.6% with GIQ obtained through Stanford LPV mutations) or specificity (89.5% with GIQ obtained through ANRS LPV mutations). Conclusions: Our results suggest that increasing GIQ can improve virological outcome even in patients with limited exposure to PIs. Further studies are necessary to understand what HIV protease mutations should be considered and whether such mutations should be weighted differently to improve LPV GIQ predictive value. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2006
14. Under HEMA conditions, self-replication of human erythroblasts is limited by autophagic death
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Massimo Sanchez, Francesca Masiello, Giovanni Migliaccio, Anna Rita Migliaccio, Valentina Tirelli, Lilian Varricchio, Carolyn Whitsett, Migliaccio, G, Masiello, F, Tirelli, V, Sanchez, M, Varricchio, L, Whitsett, C, and FRANCO MIGLIACCIO, ANNA RITA
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Erythrocytes ,Erythroblasts ,Cell Survival ,Population ,Cell ,Cell Culture Techniques ,Apoptosis ,Cell Separation ,Biology ,Peripheral blood mononuclear cell ,Immunophenotyping ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Erythroblast ,hemic and lymphatic diseases ,medicine ,Autophagy ,Humans ,Blood Transfusion ,Erythropoiesis ,Progenitor cell ,education ,Growth Substances ,Molecular Biology ,HEMA self-replication erythroblasts ,Glucocorticoids ,Cells, Cultured ,Cell Proliferation ,education.field_of_study ,Acridine orange ,hemic and immune systems ,Anemia ,Cell Differentiation ,Cell Biology ,Hematology ,Hematopoietic Stem Cells ,Coculture Techniques ,Cell biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Molecular Medicine ,circulatory and respiratory physiology - Abstract
The number of erythroblasts generated ex-vivo under human-erythroid massive-amplification conditions by mononuclear cells from one unit of adult blood (~ 10 10 ) are insufficient for transfusion (~ 10 12 red cells), emphasizing the need for studies to characterize cellular interactions during culture to increase erythroblast production. To identify the cell populations which generate erythroblasts under human-erythroid-massive-amplification conditions and the factors that limit proliferation, day 10 non-erythroblasts and immature- and mature-erythroblasts were separated by sorting, labelled with carboxyfluorescein-diacetate-succinimidyl-ester and re-cultured either under these conditions (for proliferation, maturation and/or apoptosis/autophagy determinations) or in semisolid media (for progenitor cell determination). Non-erythroblasts contained 54% of the progenitor cells but did not grow under human-erythroid-massive-amplification conditions. Immature-erythroblasts contained 25% of the progenitor cells and generated erythroblasts under human-erythroid-massive-amplification conditions (FI at 48 h = 2.57 ± 1.15). Mature-erythroblasts did not generate colonies and died in human-erythroid-massive-amplification conditions. In sequential sorting/re-culture experiments, immature-erythroblasts retained the ability to generate erythroblasts for 6 days and generated 2−5-fold more cells than the corresponding unfractionated population, suggesting that mature-erythroblasts may limit erythroblast expansion. In co-cultures of carboxyfluorescein-diacetate-succinimidyl-ester-labelled-immature-erythroblasts with mature-erythroblasts at increasing ratios, cell numbers did not increase and proliferation, maturation and apoptotic rates were unchanged. However, Acridine Orange staining (a marker for autophagic death) increased from ~ 3.2% in cultures with immature-erythroblasts alone to 14−22% in cultures of mature-erythroblasts with and without immature-erythroblasts. In conclusion, these data identify immature-erythroblasts as the cells that generate additional erythroblasts in human-erythroid-massive-amplification cultures and autophagy as the leading cause of death limiting the final cellular output of these cultures.
- Published
- 2011
15. Evidence of long-term suppression of hepatitis B virus DNA by tenofovir as rescue treatment in patients coinfected by HIV
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Alessandra Calabresi, Giampiero Carosi, Serena Zaltron, Carlo Torti, Silvia Costarelli, Eugenia Quiros-Roldan, Giuseppe Lapadula, Massimo Puoti, Giuliana Cologni, Valeria Tirelli, Quiros-Roldan, E, Calabresi, A, Lapadula, G, Tirelli, V, Costarelli, S, Cologni, G, Zoltron, S, Puoti, M, Carosi, G, and Torti, C
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Adult ,Male ,Hepatitis B virus ,Time Factors ,Genotype ,Anti-HIV Agents ,DNA Mutational Analysis ,Organophosphonates ,HIV Infections ,medicine.disease_cause ,Virus Replication ,Virus ,Hepatitis B virus, HBV, tenofovir, HBV DNA, HIV ,Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) ,Orthohepadnavirus ,Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ,Drug Resistance, Viral ,medicine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Tenofovir ,Pharmacology ,Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ,biology ,Reverse-transcriptase inhibitor ,Adenine ,Lamivudine ,RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Hepatitis B ,Virology ,Infectious Diseases ,Treatment Outcome ,Hepadnaviridae ,Immunology ,Lentivirus ,DNA, Viral ,Mutation ,Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors ,Female ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background The efficacy of long-term hepatitis B virus (HBV) treatment with tenofovir (TDF) in relation to lamivudine (LMV) resistance in HIV patients failing on LMV deserves further investigations. Methods HIV–HBV coinfected patients were selected, provided that LMV was included in the first highly active antiretroviral therapy regimen and TDF was subsequently introduced. Results Forty HIV–HBV patients were included, 25 had undetectable HBV DNA on LMV and 15 were failing on LMV treatment. Three cases of triple 173V+180M+ 204V HBV reverse transcriptase (rt) mutants were identified, as well as several mutations or polymorphisms in the surface antigen gene at positions possibly correlating with vaccine escape. A new mutation (rtI233V) was found in one adefovir-naive patient. In 10 patients, uninterrupted TDF treatment led to a sustained treatment response for a median of 160 (interquartile range 111–189) weeks. Two patients underwent intermittent treatment with TDF and LMV, responding any time TDF was reintroduced. In one patient, TDF without LMV provided treatment response. One patient did not respond to TDF because of low treatment adherence. One patient infected with the triple rt mutant did not respond to entecavir, but TDF was successful as rescue. Conclusions Combination therapy with TDF was effective against HBV mutant viruses resistant to LMV and provided sustained control of HBV replication over long-term follow-up, even after entecavir failure. Moreover, suppression of HBV vaccine escape variants could provide important benefits from a public health perspective.
- Published
- 2008
16. Influence of folate serum concentration on plasma homocysteine levels in HIV-positive patients exposed to protease inhibitors undergoing HAART
- Author
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Lorena Labate, Maria Cristina Uccelli, Giampiero Carosi, Francesca Moretti, Carlo Torti, Silvia Costarelli, Valeria Tirelli, Giuliana Cologni, Eugenia Quiros-Roldan, Giuseppe Lapadula, Uccelli, M, Torti, C, Lapadula, G, Labate, L, Cologni, G, Tirelli, V, Moretti, F, Costarelli, S, Quiros-Roldan, E, and Carosi, G
- Subjects
Male ,Folate ,Time Factors ,Homocysteine ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Protease Inhibitor ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Predictive Value of Test ,HIV Infections ,Homocysteinemia ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Risk Factors ,Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ,Blood plasma ,HIV Infection ,Cyanocobalamin ,Vitamin B ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,virus diseases ,Female ,psychological phenomena and processes ,Human ,Adult ,Hyperhomocysteinemia ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Logistic Model ,Anti-HIV Agents ,Biology ,Highly active antiretroviral therapy ,Folic Acid ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Internal medicine ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Humans ,Protease inhibitor (pharmacology) ,Protease Inhibitors ,Vitamin B12 ,Cross-Sectional Studie ,Protease ,Risk Factor ,Anti-HIV Agent ,medicine.disease ,B vitamins ,Endocrinology ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Logistic Models ,chemistry ,Immunology - Abstract
Background: Homocysteinemia (Hcy) increase and risk factors in HIV-positive patients are not clear yet. Methods: HIV-positive patients on stable highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimens for at least 6 months were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Among other factors, vitamin B12, folate and length of exposure to protease inhibitors (PIs) were evaluated for their possible correlation with hyper-Hcy (>13 µmol/l in females; >15 µmol/l in males) by logistic regression analysis. Results: Ninety-eight HIV-positive patients were recruited. Twenty-eight (28.6%) had hyper-Hcy. Length of exposure to antiretroviral therapy and PIs did not result to be significantly associated with hyper-Hcy risk. Normal folate level was the only factor associated with the outcome, resulting protective from hyper-Hcy, either at univariate (OR = 0.22; CI 95% = 0.06–0.86; p = 0.029) and multivariable (OR = 0.24; CI 95% = 0.06–0.94; p = 0.04) logistic regression analysis. Folate predictive value of hyper-Hcy risk was driven by levels in the lowest quartiles of the study population (i.e. Conclusions: No significant correlations were observed between hyper-Hcy and length of exposure to antiretroviral therapy or PIs. Folate could be a confounding factor in the association between hyper-Hcy and PI exposure found by others. The potential value of folate supplementation, in those who are deficient and in those with hyper-Hcy, merits study.
- Published
- 2005
17. HIV-1 Nef Impairs Key Functional Activities in Human Macrophages through CD36 Downregulation
- Author
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Claudia Arenaccio, Chiara Chiozzini, Ignazio Romano, Massimo Sanchez, Beatrice Scazzocchio, Valentina Tirelli, Eleonora Olivetta, Olivetta, E, Tirelli, V, Chiozzini, C, Scazzocchio, B, Romano, I, Arenaccio, Claudia, and Sanchez M.,
- Subjects
CD36 Antigens ,Salmonella typhimurium ,Viral Diseases ,CD36 ,Cell Culture Techniques ,lcsh:Medicine ,Pathogenesis ,Clinical immunology ,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ,Monocytes ,White Blood Cells ,Spectrum Analysis Techniques ,Immunodeficiency Viruses ,Animal Cells ,Molecular Cell Biology ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,lcsh:Science ,Innate Immune System ,Multidisciplinary ,Cell Differentiation ,Flow Cytometry ,HIV immunopathogenesis ,Recombinant Proteins ,Cell biology ,Infectious Diseases ,Medical Microbiology ,Spectrophotometry ,Viral Pathogens ,Host-Pathogen Interactions ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,Cytophotometry ,B SCAVENGER RECEPTOR ,Cellular Types ,Research Article ,Immune Cells ,CD14 ,Green Fluorescent Proteins ,Immunology ,Down-Regulation ,CD11c ,Biology ,Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Microbiology ,Statistics, Nonparametric ,Immune system ,Phagocytosis ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Humans ,HUMAN MONOCYTE/MACROPHAGES ,nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus ,Scavenger receptor ,Microbial Pathogens ,DNA Primers ,Blood Cells ,Innate immune system ,Biology and life sciences ,Macrophages ,lcsh:R ,Immunity ,HIV ,Cell Biology ,IN-VITRO ,Molecular biology ,Immunity, Innate ,Immune System ,HIV-1 ,biology.protein ,lcsh:Q ,Cytometry - Abstract
Monocytes and macrophages utilize the class A and B scavenger receptors to recognize and perform phagocytosis of invading microbes before a pathogen-specific immune response is generated. HIV-1 Nef protein affects the innate immune system impairing oxidative burst response and phagocytic capacity of macrophages. Our data show that exogenous recombinant myristoylated Nef protein induces a marked CD36 downregulation in monocytes from Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells, in Monocyte-Derived Macrophages (MDMs) differentiated by cytokines and in MDMs contained in a mixed culture obtained expanding PBMCs under Human Erythroid Massive Amplification condition. Under the latter culture condition we identify three main populations after 6 days of expansion: lymphocytes (37.8+/-14.7%), erythroblasts (46.7+/-6.1%) and MDMs (15.7+/-7.5%). The Nef addition to the cell culture significantly downregulates CD36 expression in MDMs, but not in erythroid cells. Furthermore, CD36 inhibition is highly specific since it does not modify the expression levels of other MDM markers such as CD14, CD11c, CD86, CD68, CD206, Toll-like Receptor 2 and Toll-like Receptor 4. Similar results were obtained in MDMs infected with VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1-expressing Nef. The reduced CD36 membrane expression is associated with decrease of correspondent CD36 mRNA transcript. Furthermore, Nef-induced CD36 downregulation is linked to both impaired scavenger activity with reduced capability to take up oxidized lipoproteins and to significant decreased phagocytosis of fluorescent beads and GFP-expressing Salmonella tiphymurium. In addition we observed that Nef induces TNF-alpha release in MDMs. Although these data suggest a possible involvement of TNF-alpha in mediating Nef activity, our results exclude a possible relationship between Nef-induced TNF-alpha release and Nef-mediated CD36 downregulation. The present work shows that HIV-1 Nef protein may have a role in the strategies elaborated by HIV-1 to alter pathogen disease outcomes, by modulating CD36 expression in macrophages, favoring the onset of opportunistic infections in HIV-1 infected people.
- Published
- 2014
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