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Thermistis annamensis Lin & Tichý, sp. nov. (Figs. 1–7) Description. Male (Figs. 1–4). Length 22.5 mm, width 7.8 mm. Body almost 3 times as long as wide; integument black; surface of head, pronotum, elytra, femora and ventral surface densely covered with yellow, short recumbent pubescence, sparsely intermixing with orange-brown erect hairs. Labrum provided with a transverse row of many golden-brown long setae (Fig. 4). Temples covered with yellow pubescence. Antennae densely clothed with fine recumbent short grayishblack pubescence, provided with long hairs sparsely around scape and ventral side of antennomeres II–IX, hairs becoming sparser toward apical segments. Antennomeres I–VIII provided with a very weak, whitish ring around apex. Ventral surface (Fig. 3) mostly clothed with yellow pubescence except metepisternum with a black spot at base. Pronotum with a black spot of nearly quadrate shape, extreme tip of lateral projections black, rest of prothorax yellow pubescent. Elytra mostly yellow, each elytron with three black markings: a small spot covered humeral angle; a semicircle spot situated just behind first third; a similar but a little smaller spot situated just behind second third. Apical lateral margins of abdominal tergite VII with yellow pubescence. Legs with femora mostly clothed with yellow pubescence except for apices and apical dorsal parts, extreme apices of all femora and dorsal middle line of hind leg with whitish pubescence; dorsum of tibiae densely clothed with fine recumbent short black pubescence intermixed with sparse long hairs; each tibia densely furnished ventrally with pale white to pale yellow short suberect hairs which are getting thicker and longer toward apical half of inner area; dorsum of tarsal segments densely clothed with fine recumbent short, black pubescence intermixed with sparse, long hairs, with pale whitish pubescence at base and apices of basal three segments. Head slightly narrower than pronotum. Labrum trapezoidal with rounded angles. Clypeus narrowly trapezoidal, glossy without punctures, maxillary palpi black, apical palpomere conical. Inferior eye lobe 4.0 times as deep as gena below it (Fig. 4). Antenna with last two segments surpassing elytral apex; relative lengths of segments from base to apex: 25: 8: 36: 33: 29: 27: 26: 24: 22: 20: 20. Pronotum wider than long, 1.42 times as width across lateral projection as long, provided with conical lateral tubercles; disc provided with a discal tubercle on basal third (black part, see Figs. 2 & 4). Prosternal process moderately constricted between procoxae, then steeply declined toward dilated apex. Procoxal cavities not completely closed, but very slightly opened behind. Elytra ca. 2.2 times as long as wide, straightly narrowed towards apical sixth, then roundly narrowed to truncated apices; inner angles are obtuse, but outer angles are acutely angulated. Apical margin of sternite VII rounded. Apex of hind femur reaching apical margin of abdominal sternite V. Female. Unknown. Male terminalia (Figs. 5–7). Tegmen length about 3.5 mm; lateral lobes rather straightly tapered from middle to narrowly rounded apices, each about 0.6 mm long and 0.2 mm wide, ventral base of each lobe with a ridge with rounded swelling at inner base from which several setae are arising; median lobe plus median struts slightly curved, slightly longer than tegmen (17: 16); median struts slightly longer than half of whole median lobe in length; apex of ventral plate roundly tapered; median foramen elongate; internal sac with 3 rod-like sclerites and 2 shortest pieces (Figs. 7a, 7b), of which 2 long sclerites are about 1.8 times as long as short sclerite, shortest pieces about one sixth of short sclerite in length; 2 longer sclerites each about 2.2 mm, much shorter than tegmen. Tergite VIII (Figs. 5a & 5c) trapezoidal, apex slightly emarginate, provided with medium long setae along apical and lateral sides. Diagnosis. This new species belongs to T. croceocinta species group, based on the yellow pubescent body and black antennae with white apical rings, but can be easily distinguished from all other members by the following features: scutellum completely covered by yellow pubescence; black parts on pronotum reaching neither anterior nor posterior margin. It is most similar to T. conjunctesignata Rondon & Breuning, 1970 by the sides of basal pronotum covered with yellow pubescence, weak white rings on antennal segments, but can be separated from it also by head with occiput covered by yellow pubescence, black markings on pronotum and elytra much smaller, and the shape of lateral lobes of tegmen is different. It is also related to T. sagittifera Pesarini & Sabbadini, 1999 by the smaller black spots on elytra, but can be sepa- rated from it also by sides of basal pronotum (behind lateral conical tubercles) not black and with whitish pubescence but covered with yellow pubescence; antennal segments with apical white rings (not uniformly black); elytral apex truncated (not rounded). Etymology. This species is named after the old name of (the central part of) Vietnam, which is the type locality. Distribution. Vietnam: Kon Tum Province. Type specimens. Holotype, male [22.5 mm long, 7.8 mm wide], Vietnam, Kon Tum, Mãng Ðen, Tåy Nguyên / Central Highlands. April 2019, native collector. (currently deposited in CTT, will be permanently deposited in IZCAS in the future).

This paper considers various options replication methods. Firstly, a specific type of barrier option, an up-and-out call, is considered. Other barrier options are briefly also described, and various types of barriers are considered. Secondly, a general definition of replication methods is provided. Two methods are thus examined in detail: The first one, based on ever-changing positions in replicating portfolio, is referred to as a dynamic replication method. The second one is denoted as a static replication method ? its aim is to create a static basket of simple assets that will replicate the option payoff. However, in the real world it is difficult to attain perfect replication; therefore, the expected replication error of both methods is studied via simulation technique.