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Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of anti-interleukin-1 (anti-IL-1) agents and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors in renal transplant patients. Patients and methods: Between February 2014 and February 2020, data of 12 renal transplant recipients (9 males, 3 females; median age: 51 years; range, 19 to 70 years) who received anti-IL-1 agents or TNF-α inhibitors for inflammatory diseases in the post-transplant time period and were followed in a single transplant center (n=12) were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 46 cases were reported in the literature, before the data were collected. The overall outcomes of all cases were analyzed in this study. Results: Thirty-seven patients received anti-IL-1 agents in the post-transplant period. The main indications for anti-IL-1 agents were familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) and amyloidosis (75.7%). The continuation rate of colchicine treatment in patients with FMF was 85.7%. Anti-IL-1 agents prevented attacks completely in 89.3% of FMF patients. The number of cases used TNF-α inhibitors among renal transplant patients was lower (n=21). The TNF-α inhibitors were used mainly for inflammatory bowel diseases (57.1%) and ankylosing spondylitis (33.3%) and suppressed the disease activity in most of the patients with inflammatory diseases (72.7%). Death (n=3) and malignancies (n=3) were reported in patients who received TNF-α inhibitors, but not in patients who received anti-IL-1. The renal outcomes and graft survival rates were satisfactory in patients who received both anti-IL-1 agents and TNF-α inhibitors. Conclusion: Our results support that anti-IL-1 agents can be used effectively and safely in renal transplant patients.

Turizmde turist sayısı odaklı talep tahmini çalışmaları, sosyal bilimlerin iktisat, finans ve turizm literatüründe detaylı incelenen konular arasında gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada AB ülkeleri içerisinde Akdeniz Bölgesi'nde önemli destinasyon merkezlerine sahip Türkiye’yi konaklama amacıyla en çok tercih eden Alman turist sayısı tahmin edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada geleneksel bir yöntem olan çoklu doğrusal regresyon yöntemi ile önemli öğrenme tekniklerinden olan yapay sinir ağı ve destek vektör regresyonu teknikleri kullanılarak bu üç yöntemle oluşturulan modellerin tahmin gücü karşılaştırılmıştır. Araştırmada turist talebinde bulunan Almanya’nın literatürde de kullanılan makro ekonomik ve nüfus bilgileri bağımsız değişkenler olarak kullanılmıştır. 1998-2019 dönemini kapsayan bu araştırmada diğer tekniklere göre yapay sinir ağı tekniği ile kullanılan tahmin modelinin en yüksek tahmin gücüne sahip olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu yöntemi tahmin gücü açısından sırasıyla çoklu doğrusal regresyon ve destek vektör regresyonu teknikleri ile kullanılarak yapılan tahmin modelleri izlemektedir., Demand forecasting studies focused on the number of tourists in tourism are among the topics that are examined in detail in the economics, finance, and tourism literature of social sciences. In this study, it has been tried to estimate the number of German tourists among EU countries, who prefer one of the most important destination centers in the Mediterranean Region, Turkey for accommodation purposes. In the study, the predictive power of the models created by these three methods using multiple linear regression method and artificial neural network and support vector regression techniques, which are important learning techniques, were compared. Macroeconomic indicators and population, which are widely used in the literature, were used as independent variables in determining the German tourist demand. In this study covering the period of 1998-2019, it was concluded that the prediction model used with the artificial neural network technique has the highest predictive accuracy compared to other techniques. This method is followed by prediction models using multiple linear regression and support vector regression techniques, respectively.

Tourism industry has been among the leading sectors for especially developing countries due to its contribution to economic growth, creation of employment, easing balance of payment constraints and encouragement of foreign direct investment. However, to assess the net local and nation-wide contribution of tourism sector, it is necessary to lay out the economic leakages. Although there are many international studies which investigated the local economic contribution of tourism sector taking into account the economic leakages, there is no such study for Turkey. To fill this gap, a detailed semi-structured questionnaire is applied to managers of 4 and 5-star hotels and holiday villages (33 out of 52) that are active in the district of Marmaris-Mugla-Turkey and economic leakages and linkages of Marmaris hotel sector has been identified. Data obtained from the field survey is used to estimate economic effects of hotel industry such as creation of employment and tax income and generation of income by hotels through Keynesian multiplier. The estimation results confirm that hotel industry has indeed a leading sector for the Marmaris economy., Turizm endüstrisi ekonomik büyüme, istihdam yaratma, ödemeler dengesi kısıtlarını kolaylaştırma ve yerli ve yabancı sermayeyi teşvik eden özelliklerden dolayı özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerde lokomotif endüstriler arasında yer almaktadır. Ancak turizmin yerel ve ulusal net ekonomik etkilerinin belirlenebilmesi için öncelikle ekonomik sızıntıların tespit edilmesi gerekmektedir. Turizmin yerel ekonomiye yaptığı katkıları ekonomik sızıntıları göz önünde bulundurarak ortaya koyan birçok uluslararası çalışma olmasına rağmen Türkiye’de böyle bir çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır. Alanyazındaki bu eksikliği gidermek amacıyla Muğla ilinin Marmaris ilçesinde faaliyet göstermekte olan 4 ve 5 yıldızlı otel ve tatil köylerinin yöneticilerine (52 tesisten 33 tanesi ile) yarı-yapılandırılmış anket uygulanmış ve Marmaris otelcilik endüstrisinde ekonomik sızıntılar ve bağlantılar tespit edilmiştir. Alan araştırmasından elde edilen veriler, Keynezyen çarpan yardımı ile otelcilik endüstrisinin gelir, istihdam ve vergi geliri üzerindeki etkileri tahmin etmek için kullanılmıştır. Tahminler turizm endüstrisinin Marmaris ekonomisi için lokomotif sektör olma özelliğini pekiştirici niteliktedir.

Background/aim: Many autoimmune diseases occur concomitantly with celiac disease (CD). We aimed to determine the frequency of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) in CD patients based on SS-specific serology verified by minor labial salivary biopsy. Materials and methods: Eight-two patients with CD were included in the study. After examination for objective evidence of sicca complex, all patients were tested for serological presence of rheumatoid factor (RF) and antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) and for ANA profile. Minor labial salivary biopsy was performed for patients with positive serology and/or clinical signs of SS. Results: Of the patients included, 24 (29.3%) had dry eye symptoms while 20 (24.4%) had dry mouth symptoms. Dry eye was detected by Schirmer test in 10 patients (12.2%) and by ocular staining score in only 2 patients (2.4%). All samples were negative for RF while 12 (14.6%) samples were positive for ANAs. Of 82 patients with CD, the diagnosis of SS was established in only one patient (1.2%), while one patient (1.2%) was diagnosed with morphea and 4 patients (4.9%) were classified as having undifferentiated connective tissue disease. Conclusion: The prevalence of SS in CD is low, so there is no need for serologic screening of all patients with CD for SS.

Finans literatüründe bir ülkenin makro ekonomik göstergeleriyle o ülkenin borsalarında işlem gören hisse senedi fiyatları arasındaki ilişkiyi açıklamaya amaçlayan pek çok çalışma vardır. Gayri Safi Millî Hasıla (GSMH) da bir ülkenin en önemli makro ekonomik göstergelerinden bir tanesidir.Çalışmanın amacı, GSMH ile hisse senedi fiyatları arasında bir korelasyon bulunduğunu kabul ederek, İstanbul Menkul Kıymetler Borsası (İMKB) 100 Endeksi ile GSMH arasındaki bağıntıyı regresyon analizi ile ortaya koymaya çalışmaktır. Yani, GSMH’nin İMKB Borsası pazar endeksini etkileyen önemli değişkenlerden biri olup olmadığının tespit etmekdir. Sonuçlar, literatürdeki diğer çalışmaların ortaya koyduğu gibi diğer hisse senedi piyasalarının aksine GSMH’nin, İMKB 100 Endeksini etkilemediği ya da açıklamakta yetersiz kaldığı görülmektedir., (Does Gross National Product Affect İstanbul Stock Exchange National 100?) There are many studies in finance concerning the relationship between macro-economy of a country and level of stock exchange. In this respect, Gross National Product is one of the most important instruments of macro-economy of a country.This study accepts that there is a correlation between the level of stock exchanges and Gross National Product. Based on this acceptation, this study aims to put forward the correlation between Istanbul Stock Exchange National 100 and Gross National Product through regression analyze. In other words, the study tries to determine whether Gross National Product is an important factor that affects Istanbul Stock Exchange National Market. The results show that there is not any direct relationship between Gross National Product and Istanbul Stock Exchange National 100.