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Sago hampas are a waste with a high starch content. The starch from sago hampas can be used as a raw material for bioplastics. However, because bioplastics have a lower heat resistance than conventional plastics, additives are required to increase heat resistance. Aluminum oxide can be used as a metal compound that acts as an additive to increase heat resistance. Bioplastics were created using a weight percentage of 0, 1, 3, and 5% Al2O3. DTA was used to determine the melting point of bioplastics, as well as their mechanical properties, density, and water resistance. The best results were identified using FTIR and SEM. The results showed that adding Al2O3 at 1, 3, and 5% increased the heat resistance of bioplastics with melting points of 270, 274, and 280 oC. Except for mechanical properties, the best results were obtained with a melting point of 280 oC, tensile strength of 3.41 Mpa, elongation of 38.66%, density of 5.52 g cm-3, and 80.28% water resistance for bioplastics with 5% Al2O3 that suitable on Indonesian National Standard 7188.7:2016. The FTIR analysis revealed that bioplastics containing Al2O3 experienced physical interactions. Morphological analysis revealed that Al2O3 was evenly distributed on the bioplastic's surface.

Health is something that is very valuable for a person. Along with the development of life, there are more and more various health complaints. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of environmental factors on the level of health complaints. The data analysis method uses a classification method, namely clustering using Fuzzy Adaptive Clustering (FAC). In this case, the number of clusters is determined, namely 3 clusters. Environmental factors with the largest average percentage value in cluster 1, namely ownership of garden or land infiltration and waste sorting behavior, and environmental factors with the smallest percentage in cluster 1 are porous infiltration holes, presence of perennials, and the habit of using used water for purposes other. Environmental factors with the largest average percentage in cluster 2, namely the presence of perennials and porous infiltration holes and environmental factors with the smallest percentage in cluster 2 are ownership of motorized vehicles, garden/soil infiltration and waste sorting treatment. While environmental factors with the largest average percentage in cluster 3 are infiltration wells, the habit of using used water for other purposes and ownership of motorized vehicles.

Daerah penelitian berada pada Desa Tanjung Belit, Kabupaten Dharmasraya, Sumatera Barat yang termasuk dalam Cekungan Sumatera Selatan, Sub-Cekungan Jambi. Metode penelitian berupa pemetaan dan pengambilan conto sampel batubara yang dilakukan sebagai dasar analisa maseral dan piroksimat. Berdasarkan dari hasil analisis maseral, pada daerah penelitian dapat dibedakan menjadi dua seam batubara, yaitu Seam A dan Seam B. Hasil analisis RV (Refletan Vitrinite), Seam A batubara mempunyai nilai 0,47% yang menunjukkan hasil kalori batubara seam A berupa High Volatile Bituminous C. Seam B memiliki nilai RV sebesar 0,39% – 0,46% yang menunjukkan nilai kalori berupa Sub Bituminous. Hasil analisis maseral Seam A dan Seam B memiliki perbedaan yang cukup besar dalam kelompok inertinite, yaitu: Seam A memiliki nilai inertinte 3,0% – 4,4% dan Seam B memiliki nilai inertinte 12% – 18.8%. Nilai vitrinite tinggi mencirikan pembentukan batubara pada kelompok ini berasal dari tumbuhan yang telah terbakar dan sebagian besar berasal dari proses oksidasi maseral lainya (dexarboxylaction). Proses oksidasi maseral terjadi disebabkan oleh bakteri dan jamur, sehingga akan meningkatkan abu dan sulfur pada suatu batubara.

Introduction: Infectious mouth diseases are caused by microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans. Sentul fruit peel extract contains several phytochemical compounds, flavonoid compounds, saponins and tannins are aromatic hydroxyl groups that act as antibacterial so that they can be used as a treatment for infections of the mouth. This study aimed to determine the inhibitory ability of Sentul fruit peel extract (Sandoricum koetjape) against Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus Aureus bacteria which can cause oral infections. Method: Sentul fruit peel simplicia was extracted by maceration method with ethanol for 24 hours. The maceration method was chosen in this study because it is a method that is easy to do and uses simple tools, which is enough to soak the sample in a solvent. A filtering process followed this and the filtrate was then evaporated with a vacuum rotary evaporator at a temperature of 45oC, so that a thick extract was produced. The maceration process was repeated 2 times. After the extraction process, then proceed with liquid-liquid fractionation using distilled water. The thick extract was put into a separating funnel and distilled water was added. Then it was shaken and the aquadest fraction was taken, followed by evaporation with a vacuum rotary evaporator at 45oC, so that the aqua fraction of the ethanol extract was produced. Result: The results showed that the Sentul fruit peel extract was able to inhibit the growth of S. mutans and S. aureus bacteria as seen from the formation of a clear zone. Based on the ANOVA test, the extract concentration treatment had a significant effect (p

The purpose of this study is to obtain empirical evidence regarding the effect of the proportion of independent commissioners, audit committee, audit quality, profitability, firm size, institutional ownership and leverage on tax avoidance. Previous researchers used 5 variables, namely the proportion of independent commissioners, audit committee, audit quality, profitability, and firm size. This researcher adds 2 variables, namely institutional ownership and leverage. This study obtained research samples using purposive sampling method. There are 396 data from 132 non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017-2019 period that have met the criteria. The multiple regression method is a model of this research. The results of this study indicate that profitability and leverage have a significant effect on tax avoidance, while other independent variables such as the proportion of independent commissioners, audit committee, audit quality, firm size and institutional ownership do not have a significant effect on tax avoidance. The larger the profit generated, the company will get tax incentives and tax concessions so that it appears to be doing tax avoidance. The larger the debt the company uses as financing, the interest expense that must be paid. The higher the interest expense, the lower the profit so that tax avoidance will be lower.

The activity of Citayam Fashion Week (CFW) in the Dukuh Atas Train Station Area at Jl. Sudirman Jakarta, which is dominated by children aged in their teens who appear wearing modern and quirky clothes, has managed to attract the attention of the public in particular netizens. But behind this phenomenon, the CFW event raises concerns because the majority of participants are children aged 15-18 years who spend their daily time in the area without parental supervision. This study aims to analyze the CFW phenomenon from the perspective of Family Sociology and Fulfillment of Child's Rights. This study uses a descriptive qualitative research method with secondary data. The results of the study found that children who were involved in CFW activities did not get their welfare rights from their parents. In accordance with the definition of the Child Protection Act, where a person who is not yet 18 years old is a child whose rights are protected by the state, and in development they still need the guidance, supervision and affection of their parents. Parents are obliged to provide direction and accompany the growth and development of children and fulfill children's rights including the right to education, the right to a family environment and other rights. The main thing in human development is the fulfillment of basic needs, where if these basic needs are not met, it will have a significant impact on the growth and development of children. In conclusion, the Citayam Fashion Week phenomenon has a negative side where parents or families who are supposed to be the parties to fulfill children's rights and prepare children to become qualified human resourceshave neglected to carry out their responsibilities. The function of the family as social control in society has also shifted.

Inflation control necessitates inter-institutional collaboration and coordination, particularly between Bank Indonesia and the government. To continue to increase cooperation, the Government and Bank Indonesia formed an Inflation Monitoring and Control Team (TPI) at the central level in 2005, followed by the establishment of a Regional Inflation Control Team (TPID) in 2008. It is vital to take strategic efforts to control and suppress inflation by forming the Central Kalimantan Regional Inflation Control Team with the collaboration of regional agencies (TPID). The goal of this article is to identify the performance management strategies used by TPID in Central Kalimantan to keep inflation under control. This study employs a qualitative descriptive method and is conducted in the field. The secretaries and members of the TPID in Central Kalimantan were the subjects of this investigation. The research data was gathered through observation, interviewing, and recording techniques, which were then validated through source triangulation and analyzed through simplification, presentation, and conclusion stages. The findings of this study show that TPID's administration of inflation control efforts in Central Kalimantan complies with Governor Regulation No. 10 of 2015's inflation control guidelines. Because the inflation control procedure carried out by the Central Kalimantan TPID is in accordance with the planning, organizing, executing, and regulating functions, the Central Kalimantan TPID indirectly performs a management function. The Central Kalimantan TPID's inflation control management was highly effective. The Central Kalimantan TPID's inflation control administration was fairly effective in keeping inflation in Central Kalimantan and Palangkaraya generally regulated and constant.

Community service focuses on the lack of public knowledge of Islamic banking in Indonesia so that socialization, literacy, and education activities are needed for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (UMKM). The expected goal is none other than to increase UMKM related to Islamic banking, both systems, products, and mechanisms so that it has an impact on public interest in using Islamic banking services in Central Kalimantan. The UMKM involved in the service activities are UMKM in Kereng Bangkirai Village as many as 55 UMKM and 5 employees of Bank Syariah Indonesia Palangka Raya Branch. The method used in this service is Community Based Articipatory Research where the service is carried out by involving stakeholders with Focus Group Discussion (FGD) activities. The results of the service show that by carrying out community-based service activities and involving stakeholders, especially banking, the public's understanding of Islamic banking is increasing. These activities also have an impact on the community, especially UMKM, to use Islamic banking services.

In the current digital era, there are still many MSMEs that do manual recording, especially in Sampit City. The importance of digital financial literacy through bookkeeping applications for MSMEs can help them record their financial transactions and make it easier to recap the sales of products sold through the Cash Book application. The purpose of community service for MSMEs is to record financial transactions using the BukuKas application simply. The method used is service learning, starting from the preparation stage, dedication stage and reflection. As a result of this activity, MSME actors can use the BukuKas application, can operate transactions in BukuKas, and can find out the cost of goods sold, make financial records and make financial reports.

Media sosial sekarang ini sudah banyak mengubah bagaimana cara perusahaan melakukan promosi agar dapat membentuk consumer engagement dan brand awareness terhadap pelanggan sehingga menghasilkan purchase intention. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk memahami seberapa besar pengaruh yang dapat dihasilkan oleh kualitas konten dan interaktivitas merek dalam media sosial yang akan mendukung pembentukan brand awareness dan juga purchase intention. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan pengolahan data structural equation modeling. Dalam penelitian ini tidak hanya sekedar melakukan penelitian media sosial terhadap purchase intention melainkan memanfaatkan juga motif hedonisme, motif utilitarian, consumer engagement dan brand awareness sebagai mediasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa hanya kualitas konten yang mempengaruhi motif hedonisme dan utilitarian dari pengguna Instagram. Tentunya juga hal ini sangat mempengaruhi consumer engagement dan brand awareness yang dihasilkan sehingga terbentuklah purchase intention. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan objek sepatu olahraga karena objek tersebut sudah berkembang pesat di Indonesia juga diiringi dengan sepatu olahraga yang sudah menjadi gaya hidup bagi para konsumen. Dengan begini diharapkan merek-merek sepatu olahraga ini dapat lebih mnemperhatikan kualitas konten yang di sajikan di Instagram dan juga memperhatikan interaktivitas dengan pengguna sehingga bisa mendorong offline purchase intention.

Gunung Merapi, salah satu gunungapi aktif di Indonesia telah mengalami 28 erupsi sepanjang kurun abad 20. Gunungapi dengan ketinggian 2.986 mdpl dan terletak pada bagian utara Yogyakarta telah menjadi ancaman bagi daerah sekitarnya, termasuk Jawa Tengah. Erupsi terbesar pada November 2010 lalu dengan produk aliran piroklastik mencapai 15 km, menyebabkan 386 jiwa meninggal, 15.366 jiwa mengungsi, dan kerusakan di wilayah Sleman mencapai Rp 2,14 Triliun. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan pemetaan tingkat kerawanan maupun risiko bencana akibat aktifitas Gunung Merapi, khususnya pada daerah lereng selatan. Adanya pemetaan tingkat kerawanan dan risiko tersebut dapat sebagai upaya memperkecil korban jiwa, kerusakan maupun kerugian di masa mendatang. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode pemetaan permukaan guna menghasilkan peta parameter, selanjutnya dilakukan analisis terkait tingkat kerawanan dan risiko menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografi. Mengacu Permen PU/No.21/PRT/M/2007, pemanfaatan lahan KRB III pada daerah penelitian belum sesuai Permen yang berlaku dengan tingkat risiko bencana tinggi dan rendah. KRB II dan I telah dikembangkan sesuai peruntukannya pada Permen PU/No.21/PRT/M/2007 dengan tingkat risiko bencana KRB II sedang hingga tinggi dan KRB I memiliki tingkat risiko rendah.

Background Hypotension with endotracheal intubation (ETI) is common and associated with adverse outcomes. We sought to evaluate whether a previously described hypotension prediction score (HYPS) for ETI is associated with worse patient outcomes and/or clinical conditions. Methods This study is a post hoc analysis of a prospective observational multicenter study involving adult (age ≥18 years) intensive care unit (ICU) patients undergoing ETI in which the HYPS was derived and validated on the entire cohort and a stable subset (ie, patients in stable condition). We evaluated the association between increasing HYPSs in both subsets and several patient-centered outcomes and clinical conditions. Results Complete data for HYPS calculations were available for 783 of 934 patients (84%). Logistic regression analysis showed increasing odds ratios (ORs) for the highest risk category for new-onset acute kidney injury (OR, 7.37; 95% CI, 2.58-21.08); new dialysis need (OR, 8.13; 95% CI, 1.74-37.91); ICU mortality (OR, 16.39; 95% CI, 5.99-44.87); and hospital mortality (OR, 18.65; 95% CI, 6.81-51.11). Although not increasing progressively, the OR for the highest risk group was significantly associated with new-onset hypovolemic shock (OR, 6.06; 95% CI, 1.47-25.00). With increasing HYPSs, median values (interquartile ranges) decreased progressively (lowest risk vs. highest risk) for ventilator-free days (23 [18-26] vs. 1 [0-21], P Conclusions As the risk for peri-intubation hypotension increases, according to a validated hypotension prediction tool, so does the risk for adverse clinical events and certain clinical conditions. Trial Registration The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02508948).

Objective Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have shown increased levels of neutrophils generating kallikrein-kinin peptides in blood which are potent mediators of inflammation. This study investigated the association between the bioregulation of kinin-mediated inflammation with the clinical, quality of life, and imaging characteristics (e.g. ultrasonography) of different arthritides. Methods Patients with osteoarthritis (OA, n = 29), gout (n = 10) and RA (n = 8) were recruited and screened for clinical symptoms, quality of life, and ultrasonographical assessment of arthritis. Blood neutrophils were assessed for the expression of bradykinin receptors (B1R and B2R), kininogens and kallikreins by immunocytochemistry with visualization by bright field microscopy. Levels of plasma biomarkers were measured by ELISA and cytometric bead array. Results Quality of life (SF-36 domains and summary scores; including pain; and, HAQ) was similar across OA, gout and RA patients; with the exception of worse physical functioning scores between OA and gout patients. Synovial hypertrophy (on ultrasound) differed between groups (p = 0.001), and the dichotomised Power Doppler (PD) score of greater than or equal to 2 (PD-GE2) was marginally significant (p = 0.09). Plasma IL-8 were highest in patients with gout followed by RA and OA (both, P P P r = 0.334, p = 0.05), and inversely with plasma levels of CRP (r = −0.55), sTNFR1 (r = −0.352) and IL-6 (r = −0.422), all P r = 0.403) and PD-GE2 (r = 0.480), both P Conclusions Pain levels and quality of life were similar between patients with OA, RA and gout with knee arthritis. Plasma inflammatory biomarkers and B1R expression on blood neutrophils correlated with pain. Targeting B1R to modulate the kinin-kallikrein system may pose as a new therapeutic target in the treatment of arthritis.

The effects of Î"b-Twist1 overexpression on spheroids formation and migration. (A) Representative images of spheroid forming assay. (B) Representative images of the migrated cells in migration assay. (C) Quantification of the migrated cells.*P< 0.05 compared to control group.

Supplementary Tables

The protein levels of Twist1 (A) and p53 (B) in tumor samples. Protein levels were determined by the quantification of western blot band intensity comparing to GAPDH bands as loading control.

Expression of p53-associated E3 ligase in cancer cell lines. (A) RNA expression of MDM2, Pirh2, and E6-AP1, and TOPORS assessed by QPCR in R182 (p53high/Twist-) and Tara R182 (p53low/Twist+) cells. GADPH was used as reference gene. (B) Protein expression of Pirh2 assessed by Western blot. β-actin was used as loading control.

TP53 mutation status and protein levels of p53 and Twist1 ovarian cancer cell lines. * u = unknown.

Blastomycosis is an uncommon; potentially life-threatening granulomatous fungal infection. The aim of this study is to report hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) outcomes of patients admitted with blastomycosis.All patients admitted for treatment of blastomycosis at the Mayo Clinic-Rochester, Minnesota between 01/01/2006 and 09/30/2019 were included. Demographics, comorbidities, clinical presentation, ICU admission, and outcomes were reviewed.A total of 84 Patients were identified with 90 unique hospitalizations primarily for blastomycosis. The median age at diagnosis was 49 (IQR 28.1-65, range: 6-85) years and 56 (66.7%) were male. The most frequent comorbidities included hypertension (n = 28, 33.3%); immunosuppressed state (n = 25, 29.8%), and diabetes mellitus (n = 21, 25%). The lungs were the only organ involved in 56 (66.7%) cases and the infection was disseminated in 19 (22.6%) cases. A total of 29 patients (34.5%) underwent ICU admission due to complications of blastomycosis. ICU related events included mechanical ventilation (n = 20, 23.8%), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (n = 13, 15.5%), tracheostomy (n = 9, 10.7%), renal replacement therapy (n = 8, 9.5%), and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) (n = 4, 4.8%). A total of 12 patients (14.3%) died in the hospital; all of whom had undergone ICU admission. In-hospital mortality was associated with renal replacement therapy (RRT) (P = 0.0255).Blastomycosis is a serious, potentially life-threatening infection that results in significant morbidity and mortality with a 34.5% ICU admission rate. RRT was associated with in-hospital mortality.

Candida auriscauses life-threatening, drug-resistant infections. In addition to drug resistance, therapeutic innovation is hindered by our limited knowledge of the mechanisms used byC. auristo evade immunity and establish infection. Here we show thatC. aurisescapes phagocytic containment and kills macrophages, and demonstrate that the mechanisms rely on metabolic regulation. We found thatC. auris-infected macrophages undergo immunometabolic reprogramming and increase glycolysis but this does not lead to the expected antimicrobial responses, as macrophages fail to activate IL-1β cytokine and curbC. aurisgrowth. Further analysis showed thatC. aurisrelies on its own metabolic capacity to egress from macrophages, cause macrophage metabolic stress and cell death, and establish infectionin vivo. We identified a transcriptional regulator ofC. aurismetabolism and macrophage evasion, and further show that, contrary to several other pathogens,C. auris-induced macrophage metabolic dysfunction and death fail to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome. Consequently, inflammasome-dependent antimicrobial responses remain inhibited throughout infection. Our findings establish a pivotal role for metabolic regulation in enablingC. auristo eliminate macrophages while remaining immunologically silent to ensure its own survival.

Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Inclusion and exclusion criteria. Supplementary Table 2. Summary of correlations between patient demographics, physical component scores, mental physical scores, ultrasound assessments against assessed biomarkers, cytokines and neutrophil surface markers.

A new generation of rapid, easy to use and robust colorimetric point of care (POC) nanocellulose coated-paper sensors to measure glucose concentration in blood is presented in this study. The cellulose gel containing the enzyme with co-additive is coated and dried onto a paper substrate. Nanocellulose gel is used to store, immobilize and stabilize enzymes within its structure to prolong enzyme function and enhance its availability. Here, we immobilize glucose oxidase within the gel structure to produce a simple colorimetric blood glucose sensor. Increase in blood glucose concentration increases the concentration of reaction product which decreases the system pH detected by the pH indicative dye entrapped in the nanocellulose gel. The sensor produces a color change from red to orange as pH decreases due to the enzymatic reaction of glucose into gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide. This sensor can measure glucose concentrations of 7–13 mM (medical range for diabetes control) at temperatures of 4°C–40°C. Stability tests confirm that no denaturation of enzyme occurs by measuring enzyme activity after 4 weeks. A prototype device is designed to instantly measure the glucose concentration from blood in a two steps process: 1) red blood cell separation and 2) quantification of glucose by color change. This study demonstrates nanocellulose sensor as an economical, robust, and sensitive diagnostic technology platform for a broad spectrum of diseases.

Kondisi geografis Indonesia yang heterogen dengan kemiringan cukup tinggi menjadi potensi terjadinya bencana tanah longsor. Meskipun tanah longsor terjadi juga karena faktor yang memicu seperti curah hujan dan tata guna lahan. Daerah yang kerap terjadi tanah longsor yaitu Kecamatan Samigaluh Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Menganalisa penyebab terjadinya tanah longsor di daerah tersebut menjadi penting dilakukan agar penanganan dan pengendalian dilakukan sedini mungkin. Faktor pengontrol yang dianalisa yaitu kelerengan, litologi, kerapatan vegetasi dan jenis tanah sedangkan faktor pemicu yaitu curah hujan dan tata guna lahan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui seberapa besar faktor pengontrol dan pemicu tersebut terhadap terjadinya tanah longsor di Kecamatan Samigaluh Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Penelitian melalui beberapa tahapan yaitu pengambilan data primer dilapangan dan data sekunder yang didapatkan dari peta rupa bumi Indonesia, peta geologi dan pengolahan citra landsat. Analisa data dilakukan secara kuantitatif menggunakan AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor kelerengan menjadi penyebab terbesar terjadinya tanah longsor di Kecamatan Samigaluh yaitu 33,3%, curah hujan 22,8%, litologi 17%, tata guna lahan 11,8%, kerapatan vegetasi 8,8% dan jenis tanah 5,8%. Dengan diketahuinya penyebab terjadinya tanah longsor diharapkan masyarakat lebih berhati-hati dalam pemilihan lahan permukiman serta pemerintah dapat membuat kebijakan tentang pola tata ruang.Kata kunci: AHP, Kelerengan, Samigaluh,Tanah longsor ABSTRACT The heterogeneous geographical condition of Indonesia with a fairly high slope is a potential for landslide disasters. Although landslides also occur due to triggering factors such as rainfall and land use. Areas that often occur landslides are Samigaluh District, Kulon Progo Regency. Analyzing the causes of landslides in the area is important so that handling and control is carried out as early as possible. The analyzed controlling factors were slope, lithology, vegetation density and soil type, while the trigger factors were rainfall and land use. The purpose of this study was to determine how much the controlling and triggering factors for the occurrence of landslides in Samigaluh District, Kulon Progo Regency. The research went through several stages, namely primary data collection in the field and secondary data obtained from Indonesian topographic maps, geological maps and landsat image processing. Data analysis was carried out quantitatively using AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process). The results showed that the slope factor was the biggest cause of landslides in Samigaluh District, namely 33.3%, rainfall 22.8%, lithology 17%, land use 11.8%, vegetation density 8.8% and soil type 5,8%. By knowing the causes of landslides, it is hoped that people will be more careful in choosing residential land and the government can make policies on spatial patterns. Keywords: AHP, Slopes, Samigaluh, Landslide

In this paper, we report the extraction and characterization of gelatin from the abundant industrial fishery waste of Pangasius skin and swim bladder and its application as the base material for hard capsule shells. The yield of gelatin ranged between 19 and 23%, content of moisture is 7.6–9.2%, ash is 1.1–1.7%, pH is 4.1–5.2, gel strength is 238–278 bloom, and viscosity is 65–74.7% mP. SDS-PAGE showed all gelatins have chains of α1, α2, and β-peptides. The skin, swim bladder, and mixed gelatins were successfully used in the production of hard capsule shells. The dimensions, weight, disintegration time, and water content properties of the hard capsules from these Pangasius wastes were akin to the standards of commercial capsules.

This study aims to investigate the association between corporate governance and sustainability reports. We use binary logistic analysis in service industry companies listed on the IDX in 2018 to observe the relations between probability of the sustainability reporting and various factors related to corporate governance, including the capacity of the directors, the capacity of the commissioner, the capacity of the audit committees, and the independence of the directors. The result shows that there were significant differences between some of the corporate governance factors and the probability of reporting the sustainability report. Particularly in the capacity of the directors, where companies with higher number of board members and the frequency of board meetings have a higher probability of reporting sustainability reports. Then, the capacity of the audit committee, where companies with higher frequency of committee meetings have a higher probability to report sustainability reporting. This study adds information about corporate governance and sustainability reports. In addition, this study also provides empirical evidence and also provides suggestions that can be used by regulators in Indonesia on how the probability to report the sustainability reporting can be improved by enhancing the quality of corporate governance in the companies.

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara terkaya di dunia dalam hal keanekaragaman hayati. Berbagai macam spesies tumbuhan tumbuh subur, tidak terkecuali tumbuhan obat herbal yang berasal dari golongan Zingiberaceae atau yang biasa disebut masyarakat Indonesia sebagai tumbuhan jahe-jahean. Zingiberaceae merupakan salah satu tanaman yang memiliki berbagai zat berkhasiat. Salah satu kandungan yang ada pada golongan Zingiberaceae yaitu kandungan amylum atau pati yang masih banyak mengandung zat berkhasiat. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengujian standarisasi bahan amylum famili Zingiberaceae antara lain Curcuma zeodaria (Temu Putih), Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. (Temulawak), Curcuma longa Linn. (Kunyit), Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. (Temu Hitam), Zingiber zerumbet Smith. (Lempuyang Gajah), Zingiber aromaticum val. (Lempuyag Wangi), Zingiber littorale Val. (Lempuyan Pahit) dan Zingiber officinale Var. Rubrum. (Jahe Merah) menggunakan metode pengujian Angka Lempeng Total (ALT) untuk mengetahui amylum zingiberaceae tersebut memenuhi standar batas maksimum cemaran mikroba. Dari hasil pengujian ALT didapatkan bahwa amylum temu putih lebih sedikit mengandung koloni bakteri yaitu sejumlah 0,11 x 105 ± 0,44 x 105 koloni, sedangkan amylum lempuyang pahit lebih banyak mengandung koloni bakteri dengan jumlah 0,82 x 105 ± 0,28 x 105 koloni. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian ALT yang telah dilakukan, amylum dari golongan Zingiberaceae tersebut masih memenuhi syarat ambang batas maksimum cemaran bakteri yakni ≤105. Sehingga, amylum dari beberapa famili zingiberaceae ini dapat digunakan sebagai bahan kosmetika.

Child-Friendly City (CFC) is a policy develops by Government to ensure the fulfillment of child’s rights. The policy was born as a follow-up action to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and is an attempt by the Government to improve child welfare. Depok City in West Java, Indonesia is one of the cities who committed to implement this policy since 2010. The research is a policy study that analyzes the interpretation of CFC policy within the local community (RW). This research uses a qualitative approach and based on its benefits is social policy research. The knowledge gained as a result of a social policy research can be used for particularly beneficial for disadvantaged populations, which in this study are children. In implementing the CFC policy in the RW community, the author analyzes the dynamics of the implementation of a Child-Friendly RW, which is then divided into two cases. In the first case, the community has three variables that have been identified, namely: the quality of the community, community assets attached to the community, and the existence of a change agent. These three variables make motivations come from within the community which give rise to initiatives that lead to high community participation and manifest in various activities of fulfilling children's rights, which then has an impact on behavior change in the community. These three variables were not found in the second case of child-friendly RW, where the people in the community was passive so that there was no change in behavior in children or the community in general. As a recommendation, the authors encourage the community to increase its awareness towards current issues happens in the neighborhood, and the public policies that have great benefits for the community. In addition, the community must also proactively broaden their horizons by accessing the latest information from media.

Cavitation is a common problem that occurs in pumps which reduces its useful life and bring increased operating costs to the user. A study of cavitation erosion on a two-stage centrifugal pump has been carried out using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Most cavitation studies on pumps have been focused on modelling the severity of cavitation; specifically, on understanding its visual effects and performance penalties. Few works have been carried out to predict the most erosion-sensitive areas inside a pump. The focus of this study is on modelling the permanent damage that would be caused by cavitation and to identify specific areas within the pump which are most susceptible to erosion. The model is first validated against experimental data from another work. Once the simulation has been successfully calibrated, the cavitation simulation is carried out again with the subject pump. Not only does this work extend the findings previous works by predicting cavitation erosion on a two-stage pump, but the pump rotation speed is also varied to observe how the erosion-sensitive areas on the pump changes as a result. A specific focus on the Gray Level Method is carried out to predict the erosion damage on the pump. This technique is chosen as it has been experimentally proven with single-stage radial pumps, using specialized CFD code. It is found that the algorithm used to predict erosion when applied with commercial CFD packages, are useful in distinguishing areas inside the pump which are most vulnerable to erosion damage. The Scherr-Sauer cavitation model coupled with the κ-ω SST turbulence model have been used to run the cavitation simulations.

It is important to teach Christian religious education to church congregations to equip congregations who live in a pluralistic society. Plural society has various differences, starting from religion, belief, education. Christian religious education that is taught can also equip the congregation in carrying out the task of the Great Commission, which is to evangelize unbelievers. How-ever, evangelism that is carried out in a pluralistic society sometimes creates considerable difficulty and risk for evangelists. This article aims to teach evangelism in the context of Christian Religious Education in a pluralistic society with diverse backgrounds. This research uses the literature study analysis method, which conducted research on several relevant literature sources and related Bible verses. Furthermore, in the analysis of the literature study, the authors describe descriptively. The findings in this study are that even though there are difficulties in doing evangelism in a pluralistic society, there are still strategies to be able to do it, namely first, people who will be evangelized must be able to accept themselves as evangelists, second, after being accepted, evangelists become the same as people who will be evangelized. Once accepted, the knowledge of Christ can slowly be carried out in various ways, such as stories, writing to digital content, all of which contain Christian values but are packaged with a general point of view.AbstrakPendidikan Agama Kristen penting untuk diajarkan kepada jemaat gereja untuk memperlengkapi jemaat yang tinggal di tengah masyarakat yang majemuk. Masyarakat majemuk memiliki perbedaan yang beragam, mulai dari agama, kepercayaan, pendidikan. Pendidikan Agama Kristen yang diajarkan juga dapat memperlengkapi jemaat dalam menjalankan tugas Amanat Agung yaitu melakukan penginjilan kepada orang-orang yang belum percaya. Namun, penginjilan yang dilakukan di tengah masyarakat majemuk terkadang menimbulkan kesulitan serta resiko yang cukup besar bagi penginjil. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengajarkan melakukan penginjilan dalam konteks Pendidikan Agama Kristen di tengah masyarakat majemuk yang memiliki keberagaman latar belakang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis studi pustaka, untuk melakukan pene-litian terhadap beberapa sumber literatur yang relevan serta ayat-ayat Alkitab yang berkaitan. Selanjutnya analisis dari studi pustaka tersebut, penulis paparkan secara deskriptif. Temuan dalam penelitian ini adalah walaupun ada kesulitan melakukan penginjilan dalam masyarakat majemuk, tetap ada strategi untuk dapat melakukannya, yaitu pertama, orang yang akan diinjili harus dapat menerima diri penginjil, kedua, setelah dapat diterima, penginjil menjadi sama dengan orang yang akan diinjili. Setelah dapat diterima maka perlahan pengenalan akan Kristus dapat dilakukan melalui berbagai macam cara, seperti cerita, tulisan hingga konten digital yang semuanya mengandung nilai-nilai Kristiani namun dikemas dengan sudut pandang umum.

Dividend payment decision is an essential policy of companies to provide investors’ expectation of investment returns. This research is aimed to prove the catering theory of dividend and financial characteristics affecting corporate decisions in dividend payments. The study was conducted on a manufacturing company published on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Analyzing the prediction of catering theory and financial analysis of companies in making dividend payments is conducted using the logistic regression method. This research is a quantitative research and moreover manufacturing companies as research sample were used from 2014 to 2018. Financial statements were obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The result of this study indicated that investors’ demand has positive effect on dividend payment decisions. Hence, companies consider catering in dividend payment decisions. While corporate financial characteristics such as free cash flow have positive effect on dividend payment decisions, profitability has no influence on dividend payment decisions and moreover, leverage has a negative influence on dividend payment decisions. Keywords: Catering Theory, Investor Demand, Free Cash Flow, Profitability, Leverage

The purpose of this study is to analyze the regulation of criminal acts of businesses that advertise the results of plantation businesses misleading consumers and efforts to tackle these crimes and how the penalties for perpetrators of criminal acts advertise the results of plantation businesses that mislead consumers. Type of normative juridical research. The nature of descriptive research, analysis of qualitative data. Misleading advertisements of plantation business results are regulated in Article 378 of the Criminal Code in general, and specifically in Article 10 of the UUPK, Article 79 of Law No.39 of 2014 concerning Plantations, Article 45 paragraph (2) of PP Number 69 of 1999, Article 48 of PP Number 71 of 2019 and Article 5 PEMKES Number 1787/MENKES/PER/XII/2010. Countermeasures are preventive and repressive. Penalties are subject to Article 378 of the Criminal Code, Article 63 of the UUPK and Article 112 of the Plantation Law.

Business Ethics atau etika bisnis merupakan pengetahuan mengenai tata cara pengaturan dan pengelolaan bisnis yang diinginkan dengan memperhatikan norma dan moralitas yang berlaku secara umum. Kode etik PT X merupakan nilai-nilai etika yang mengacu kepada visi, misi dan nilai yang dianut perusahaan. Kode etik bertujuan menjadi pedoman dalam berperilaku dalam bisnis bagi manajemen dan para pekerja dalam kegiatan operasionalnya sehari-hari, bekerjasama antar rekan sekerja, melayani pelanggan dan pihak ketiga. Good Corporate Governance (GCG) atau tata kelola perusahaan yang baik merupakan bagian sangat fundamental dalam sebuah organisasi yang beranggotakan karyawan yang profesional yang berorientasi kepada profit. Pada tataran teori, GCG dapat dengan mudah dituangkan dalam bentuk tulisan, namun pada tataran terapan teknis yang menjadikan karakter dari perusahaan atau organisasi tersebut adalah merupakan usaha yang dinamis dan sulit untuk dicapai dalam suatu standard yang telah ditetapkan oleh organisasi tersebut. Dalam persaingan dagang dan kompetisi bisnis penyedia produk dan jasa layanan bidang laboratorium klinik yang sangat ketat di Indonesia, menjadikan banyak perusahaan berlomba memberikan yang terbaik bagi pelanggan mereka, namun masih tetap dalam aturan hukum kesehatan yang berlaku dan sesuai dengan visi, misi, dan nilai-nilai perusahaan yang telah ditetapkan di negara asal, sebagai produsen asli pemegang merk dagang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif, dimana metode kualitatif pada artikel ini adalah menganalisis dan membandingkan antara teori-teori dengan implementasinya pada dunia kerja atau berdasarkan pengalaman empiris penulis pada PT X. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa PT X menerapkan kinerja sesuai Business Ethics dan Good Corporate Governance (GCG) yaitu terdiri dari transparansi (keterbukaan), akuntabilitas, pertanggungjawaban, kemandirian, dan kewajaran, dengan sangat baik dan layak menjadi panutan bagi perusahaan lain. Perusahaan diharapkan terutama untuk tetap mempertahankan bahkan meningkatan level GCG agar tetap menjadi perusahaan unggulan dan dihormati oleh pelanggan dan kompetitor dalam layanan produk dan jasa bidang laboratorium klinik di Indonesia.

Deaths from ovarian cancer usually occur when patients succumb to overwhelmingly numerous and widespread micrometastasis. Whereas epithelial-mesenchymal transition is required for epithelial ovarian cancer cells to acquire metastatic potential, the cellular phenotype at secondary sites and the mechanisms required for the establishment of metastatic tumors are not fully determined. Using in vitro and in vivo models we show that secondary epithelial ovarian cancer cells (sEOC) do not fully re-acquire the molecular signature of the primary epithelial ovarian cancer cells from which they are derived. Despite displaying an epithelial morphology, sEOC maintains a high expression of the mesenchymal effector, TWIST-1. TWIST-1 is however transcriptionally non-functional in these cells as it is precluded from binding its E-box by the PcG protein, CBX7. Deletion of CBX7 in sEOC was sufficient to reactivate TWIST-1-induced transcription, prompt mesenchymal transformation, and enhanced tumorigenicity in vivo. This regulation allows secondary tumors to achieve an epithelial morphology while conferring the advantage of prompt reversal to a mesenchymal phenotype upon perturbation of CBX7. We also describe a sub-classification of ovarian tumors based on CBX7 and TWIST-1 expression, which predicts clinical outcomes and patient prognosis.

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan dalam rangka penelitian untuk penulisan disertasi mengenai penyelenggaraan kebijakan Kota Layak Anak (KLA) di Kota Depok, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini merupakan sosial policy research dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengetahuan yang didapatkan sebagai hasil dari sebuah penelitian sosial dapat digunakan untuk berbagai tujuan, dan secara khusus bermanfaat bagi ‘disadvantaged populations’, yang dalam penelitian tersebut adalah anak-anak. Kebijakan Kota Layak Anak lahir sebagai tindak lanjut Konvensi Hak Anak PBB dan merupakan upaya Pemerintah dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan anak. Penelitian tersebut merupakan studi kebijakan yang menganalisis interpretasi kebijakan KLA di tingkat kota dan implementasi kebijakan KLA di lingkungan RW. Dalam implementasi kebijakan KLA di lingkungan RW, penulis menganalisa dinamika pelaksanaan RW Layak Anak yang kemudian dibedakan menjadi dua kasus. Pada RW Layak Anak kasus pertama, masyarakat memiliki tiga variabel yang berhasil diidentifikasi yaitu: kualitas masyarakat (tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai manfaat kebijakan dan kesukarelaan mereka untuk berkontribusi demi tercapainya tujuan kebijakan), modal komunitas yang melekat pada masyarakat, dan adanya change agent yang menggerakkan dan melibatkan masyarakat. Tiga variabel inilah yang membuat dorongan motivasi berasal dari dalam diri masyarakat yang menimbulkan inisiatif sehingga menyebabkan partisipasi masyarakat tinggi dan mewujud dalam berbagai pelaksanaan kegiatan pemenuhan hak anak, serta dalam bentuk partisipasi orang tua dan masyarakat secara umum yang dilakukan secara bergotong royong, yang kemudian berdampak pada perubahan perilaku di lingkungan tersebut. Tiga variabel tersebut tidak ditemukan pada RW Layak Anak kasus kedua, dimana masyarakat di lingkungan tersebut pasif sehingga tidak terjadi perubahan perilaku pada anak-anak maupun masyarakat pada umumnya. Sebagai rekomendasi, penulis mendorong agar masyarakat meningkatkan awareness nya terhadap lingkungan sekitar, terhadap penyelenggaraan pemerintah dan terhadap kebijakan publik yang mempunyai manfaat besar bagi masyarakat. Selain itu masyarakat juga harus proaktif memperluas wawasan dengan mengikuti perkembangan yang terjadi di lingkungan sekitar dengan mengakses informasi terkini baik dari media cetak maupun media elektronik. Kata kunci: kebijakan sosial; kesejahteraan anak; kota layak anak; partisipasi masyarakat; rw layak anak.

The tumor microenvironment of ovarian cancer is the peritoneal cavity wherein adipose tissue is a major component. The role of the adipose tissue in support of ovarian cancer progression has been elucidated in several studies from the past decades. The adipocytes, in particular, are a major source of factors, which regulate all facets of ovarian cancer progression such as acquisition of chemoresistance, enhanced metastatic potential, and metabolic reprogramming. In this review, we summarize the relevant studies, which highlight the role of adipocytes in ovarian cancer progression and offer insights into unanswered questions and possible future directions of research.

This research aims to emphasize the relationship between the two functions of private and public space which can be achieved by applying the concept of a transitional space (threshold) with the integration of public open space in the middle of a mixed-use area. This phenomenon shows that overcoming mental health problems in urban communities with the integration of public open spaces with a perceptual research approach from the study of criteria and visual elements of public space. This research was conducted using quantitative methods with data revealed by explanative analysis. The research instrument used is in the form of a perceptual assessment survey regarding the transition space simulation that has been measured based on the threshold space and public space parameters. The needs for a mixed-use threshold space parameters that can become a new communal space for urban communities requires a design approach that supports the creation of sustainable architectural designs (eco-architecture planning) in terms of social aspects.

Supplemental material, sj-docx-2-jicm-10.1177_08850666221085256 for Hypotension Prediction Score for Endotracheal Intubation in Critically Ill Patients: A Post Hoc Analysis of the HEMAIR Study* by Nathan J. Smischney, Salim R. Surani, Ashley Montgomery, Pablo Moreno Franco, Cynthia Callahan, Gozde Demiralp, Rudy Tedja, Sarah Lee, Santhi I. Kumar and Ashish K. Khanna in Journal of Intensive Care Medicine

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-jicm-10.1177_08850666221085256 for Hypotension Prediction Score for Endotracheal Intubation in Critically Ill Patients: A Post Hoc Analysis of the HEMAIR Study* by Nathan J. Smischney, Salim R. Surani, Ashley Montgomery, Pablo Moreno Franco, Cynthia Callahan, Gozde Demiralp, Rudy Tedja, Sarah Lee, Santhi I. Kumar and Ashish K. Khanna in Journal of Intensive Care Medicine

Purpose: Cancer progression, invasiveness, and metastatic potential have been associated with the activation of the cellular development program known as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This process is known to yield not only mesenchymal cells, but instead an array of cells with different degrees of epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes with high plasticity, usually referred to as E/M hybrid cells. The characteristics of E/M hybrid cells, their importance in tumor progression, and the key regulators in the tumor microenvironment that support this phenotype are still poorly understood. Methods: In this study, we established an in vitro model of EMT and characterized the different stages of differentiation, allowing us to identify the main genomic signature associated with the E/M hybrid state. Results: We report that once the cells enter the E/M hybrid state, they acquire stable anoikis resistance, invasive capacity, and tumorigenic potential. We identified the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-MET pathway as a major driver that pushes cells in the E/M hybrid state. Conclusions: Herein, we provide a detailed characterization of the signaling pathway(s) promoting and the genes associated with the E/M hybrid state.

Corneal curvature, a highly heritable trait, is a key clinical endophenotype for myopia - a major cause of visual impairment and blindness in the world. Here we present a trans-ethnic meta-analysis of corneal curvature GWAS in 44,042 individuals of Caucasian and Asian with replication in 88,218 UK Biobank data. We identified 47 loci (of which 26 are novel), with population-specific signals as well as shared signals across ethnicities. Some identified variants showed precise scaling in corneal curvature and eye elongation (i.e. axial length) to maintain eyes in emmetropia (i.e. HDAC11/FBLN2 rs2630445, RBP3 rs11204213); others exhibited association with myopia with little pleiotropic effects on eye elongation. Implicated genes are involved in extracellular matrix organization, developmental process for body and eye, connective tissue cartilage and glycosylation protein activities. Our study provides insights into population-specific novel genes for corneal curvature, and their pleiotropic effect in regulating eye size or conferring susceptibility to myopia.

Bagian timur–selatan kaki Gunung Ungaran, Jawa Tengah dikenal sebagai daerah prospek panasbumi dengan manifestasi panasbumi matair hangat – panas. Masyarakat maupun pemerintah setempat, memanfaatkan manifestasi tersebut sebagai area wisata ataupun pemandian/kolam air panas yang dapat dijumpai di area wisata Candi Gedongsongo, Diwak, Derekan, Kaliulo, dan Banaran. Manifestasi matair panas muncul di permukaan dengan suhu dan karakteristik yang berbeda. Hal ini dimungkinkan karena adanya perbedaan tipe fluida hidrotermal, sehingga menarik dilakukan penentuan tipe fluida hidrotermal berdasarkan kandungan anionnya—Cl - , SO 4 2 - , dan HCO 3 - . Fluida hidrotermal muncul di permukaan sebagai air alkali klorida, air asam sulfat, air asam sulfat–klorida, dan air bikarbonat. Hasil analisis konsentrasi anion pada ke-lima lokasi, menunjukkan konsentrasi Cl - tertinggi ± 4.475 ppm dijumpai pada matair panas Diwak dengan konsentrasi HCO 3 - 127 – 500 ppm dan SO 4 2 - relatif rendah. Tipe fluida hidrotermal mataair panas Gedongsongo, Derekan, Kaliulo, dan mataair Banaran berupa Air Bikarbonat, serta mataair panas Diwak berupa Air Klorida.