Search

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-icr-10.1177_11795476221131189 for Primary Intracranial Spindle Cell Sarcoma, DICER1-Mutant, with MDM2 Amplification Diagnosed on the Basis of Extensive Molecular Profiling by Takahide Nejo, Shunsaku Takayanagi, Shota Tanaka, Aya Shinozaki-Ushiku, Shinji Kohsaka, Keisuke Nagata, Munehiro Yokoyama, Shigeo Sora, Tetsuo Ushiku, Akitake Mukasa, Hiroyuki Aburatani, Hiroyuki Mano and Nobuhito Saito in Clinical Medicine Insights: Case Reports

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-icr-10.1177_11795476221131189 for Primary Intracranial Spindle Cell Sarcoma, DICER1-Mutant, with MDM2 Amplification Diagnosed on the Basis of Extensive Molecular Profiling by Takahide Nejo, Shunsaku Takayanagi, Shota Tanaka, Aya Shinozaki-Ushiku, Shinji Kohsaka, Keisuke Nagata, Munehiro Yokoyama, Shigeo Sora, Tetsuo Ushiku, Akitake Mukasa, Hiroyuki Aburatani, Hiroyuki Mano and Nobuhito Saito in Clinical Medicine Insights: Case Reports

This paper proposes a decentralized method for navigation of multiple robots, each of which has different abilities, by a single leader robot in 3D space, especially focusing on the connectivity maintenance. We assume a swarm of robots whose sensing ranges, maximum speeds and maximum accelerations are different. For such robots, we propose a control method for maintaining the whole connectivity by each agent’s keeping local connectivity in a decentralized way. We also mathematically prove that the proposed method can enable multiple robots to navigate in 3D space while keeping the connectivity. Finally, numerical simulation results are presented to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method., Part of the Springer Proceedings in Advanced Robotics book series (SPAR, volume 22)

Background: There will be significant changes in the diagnosis of IDH-wildtype adult-type gliomas in the upcoming 5th edition of the WHO Classification of Central Nervous System Tumours. IDH-wildtype lower grade gliomas (IDHwt LGGs) that harbor molecular features of glioblastoma (EGFR amplification, the combination of whole chromosome 7 gain and whole chromosome 10 loss (7+/10-), or TERT promoter mutations) will be diagnosed as glioblastomas (GBMs), while IDH-wildtype astrocytomas will not be included as a separate tumor type. However, IDHwt LGGs are a very heterogeneous group of tumors, and further investigation is warranted particularly in those without molecular features of glioblastoma. To elucidate the biology of IDHwt LGGs, we analyzed DNA methylation profile and survival time. Materials and Methods: Of the 724 adult-type diffuse glioma samples from a multi-institutional study, 64 IDHwt LGG, including 54 without any of molecular features of GBM and 10 with PDGFRA amplification or TERT promoter mutation, were examined using Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip. The raw data files (IDAT files) were analyzed by the web-based DNA methylation classifier provided by DKFZ (MolecularNeuropathology.org) or by R (Version 4.0.4) using the minfi (1.34.0) and Rtsne (0.15) packages. [Result] Twenty-three out of 54 IDHwt LGGs matched known methylation classes using the DKFZ methylation classifier. In t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding clustering analysis, 20 cases formed a cluster within the methylation class family glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype, mainly subclass RTK I (“GBM” cluster). Another 29 IDHwt LGGs formed an independent cluster (“LGG” cluster) separate from any of the existing reference groups near but not overlapping with several subtypes of pediatric-type lower grade gliomas. The “LGG” cluster cases had significantly longer overall survival than the “GBM” cluster cases. Discussion: Methylation profiling showed that IDHwt LGGs without molecular features of GBM were heterogeneous group of tumors. Our data suggested the presence of “true” IDHwt LGGs with intermediate prognosis.

In Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) control, there are many studies to control air conditioners to improve comfort when people are present, but this paper proposes a method of pre-air conditioning. It is to control the radiant temperature of a room in advance by controlling wind directions of an air conditioner. It has been investigated how the fixed wind direction control of the air conditioner causes the radiation temperature non-uniformity in the room. Reinforcement learning is used as a method to solve it, the effectiveness of which has been verified in the residential environment. Here, thermography is adopted as a sensor for acquiring the state. The proposed method has reduced the nonuniformity of radiation temperature in the room more than the random and normal control. The feature of this study is that all learning and verifications are performed in a real environment, and image data is taken as an input value.

Table S1. Association of PIK3CA mutation with progression-free and overall survival in IDH1 wildtype glioblastoma. (DOC 55 kb)

Histopathological features of primary and recurrent tumors in a 34 year-old female (patient 6). The primary tumor was diagnosed as anaplastic oligodendroglioma (WHO grade III) (A). Postoperatively, the patient was treated with 8 courses of PAV chemotherapy. Eight years after the initial surgery, an MRI FLAIR-high lesion was noticeably enlarged and this region showed high uptake in Methionine PET. Tumor recurrence was therefore suspected and surgical resection was performed. In the recurrent tumor, atypia of the nucleus was improved and numbers of mitotic cells were decreased compared to the primary tumor, and the tumor was diagnosed as oligodendroglioma (WHO grade II) (B). Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues were sectioned and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (bar = 100 μm). Figure S2. Histopathological features of different tumor portions from the same patient as listed in Additional file 1: Table S1. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues were sectioned and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (bar = 100 μm). A. Patient 13, Methionine PET low uptake, grade II; B. Patient 13, Methionine PET high uptake, grade III; C. Patient 14, Gadolinium enhanced -, grade II; D. Patient 14, Gadolinium enhanced +, grade III; E. Patient 15, Methionine PET low uptake, grade II; F. Patient 15, Methionine PET high uptake, grade II; G. Patient 16, Methionine PET low uptake, grade III; H. Patient 16, Methionine PET high uptake, grade III. (PPTX 1597 kb)

Background and study aims: Recently, the shielding method with polyglycolic acid (PGA) fabric and fibrin glue (P-F method) has been reported to prevent serious complications after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). However, the effectiveness and mechanism to prevent complications by this method remain unclear and the corresponding basic research has not been fully conducted. Methods and results: We examined the effectiveness and mechanism of the P-F method, using a surgical ESD model of canine stomach and in vitro experiments. In the model experiment treated by P-F method or no treatment (control), ulcer perforation or penetration occurred only in the control group, but not in the P-F group. Microscopically, the P-F group showed less damages of the ulcer lesion than that of the control group, showing thicker granulation tissues including PGA fibers on the third day and excellent mucosal regeneration on the fourteenth day. In vitro culture experiments showed that fibroblasts proliferated at a significantly higher rate on PGA than on fibrin or a complex thereof. However, under hydrochloric acid treatment, fibroblasts were protected by fibrin, followed by the complex of both, and PGA. Conclusion: The P-F method exhibited a protective effect against gastric juice by fibrin glue to reduce tissue damages and a scaffold function of PGA fabric to induce better granulation formation at the earlier phase, resulting in excellent long-term tissue repair, on ulcer lesion following ESD, although the results were based on basic experiments.

Distributions of molecular alterations according to histology in Cohort 1. Figure S2. Kaplan-Meier analysis for Group A cases stratified by 1p/19q status. Figure S3. Kaplan-Meier analyses for GBM cases in Cohorts 1 and 2. (PPTX 172Â kb)

Distributions of molecular alterations according to histology in Cohort 1. Figure S2. Kaplan-Meier analysis for Group A cases stratified by 1p/19q status. Figure S3. Kaplan-Meier analyses for GBM cases in Cohorts 1 and 2. (PPTX 172Â kb)

Preoperative angiography is basically essential for a patient of intracerebral hematoma, so as to check any underlying vascular anomaly such as a ruptured aneurysm or an arteriovenous malformation (AVM). When the hematoma causes impending herniation, however, we omit preoperative angiography to save time and perform emergency surgery even if a ruptured aneurysm or an AVM is highly suspected. We experienced 8 such cases during 2.5 years: 6 cases of ruptured aneurysm and 2 of AVM. Three of them achieved good recovery and none died. Some special considerations and tactics are required before and during surgery to ensure safety. When a ruptured aneurysm is suspected, a microscope, a self-retractor and clips should be ready prior to surgery. The superficial temporal artery should be preserved just in case. After the craniotomy, the hematoma is evacuated partially for decompression away from the suspected aneurysm. Then, in case of premature rupture, the dissection is performed directly toward the bleeding site; otherwise sylvian fissure is dissected for aneurysm exploration. When an AVM is suspected, care must be taken not to injure the draining veins. It is safer to finish the emergency surgery after evacuating the hematoma and to go on to cerebral angiography. The resection of an AVM should then be performed in the chronic period. In our experiences, we were able to perform emergency surgery safely for a ruptured aneurysm or an AVM, even when we had to omit preoperative angiography because of impending herniation.

– The reaction of 3-hexylthiophene with Knochel-Hauser base (TMPMgCl·LiCl) induced the metalation at the 5-position of the thiophene ring selectively. Following addition of several aryl halides in the presence of a nickel or palladium catalyst afforded regioselectively arylated thiophene in good to excellent yields. INTRODUCTION CH functionalization of heteroaromatic compounds recently attracts much attention 1,2 since a variety of organic compounds bearing heteroaromatic moiety in the structure are found in a wide range of advanced organic materials 3 as well as biologically active molecules. 4 Therefore, development of a practical synthetic strategy for such molecules is an important issue in organic synthesis. We have been engaged in the development of synthetic methodologies to afford functionalized heteroaromotics via transition metal catalyzed CH functionalization. 5 Several functionalization reactions, which take place at a carbon atom of an electron-deficient 6 and enriched