9 results on '"THEORY (Philosophy)"'
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2. Pure Quotation Is Demonstrative Reference
- Author
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Manuel García-Carpintero and Universitat de Barcelona
- Subjects
Demonstrative ,Philosophy ,Contemporary philosophy ,Analytic philosophy ,Teoria (Filosofia) ,Theory (Philosophy) ,Epistemology - Abstract
In a paper published recently in the Journal of Philosophy, Mario Gómez-Torrente provides a methodological argument for the 'disquotational,' Tarski-inspired theory of pure quotation. Gómez-Torrente's previous work has greatly contributed to making this theory perhaps the most widely supported view of pure quotation in recent years, against all other theories including the Davidsonian, demonstrative view for which I myself have argued. Gómez-Torrente argues that rival views make quotation 'an eccentric or anomalous phenomenon.' I aim to turn the methodological tables. I reply to his objections to my own version of a demonstrative account, and I show that disquotational proposals provide no better account of the data. I also show that, unlike the demonstrative account, disquotational views make an ungrounded distinction between quotations that semantically refer to their intuitive referents and others that merely speaker-refer to them. I conclude that the demonstrative account is to be preferred on abductive grounds.
- Published
- 2018
3. Introduction
- Author
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Martí, Genoveva and Martínez Fernández, José, 1969
- Subjects
Experimental methods ,Teoria (Filosofia) ,Theory (Philosophy) ,Contemporary philosophy ,Filosofia contemporània ,Mètodes experimentals - Abstract
Experimental philosophy "has rudely challenged the way professional philosophers like to think of themselves", for unlike traditional philosophers, who produce their theories by reasoning alone, the advocates of the new movement are "convinced that [they] can shed light on traditional philosophical problems by going out and gathering information about what people actually think and say." Those were Anthony Appiah's words, describing experimental philosophy for the general public, in 2007. There is no question that experimental philosophy, or X-Phi as it is usually known, a movement that started at the turn of the century, has been a source of controversy. Some philosophers have dismissed it as an inconsequential fad, whose impact on real philosophical theorizing is spurious. For some others, on the contrary, the results brought forward by X-Phi practitioners reveal how misguided the methods used by traditional philosophers are; how unmotivated, and unmotivating, their conclusions.
- Published
- 2017
4. Introduction
- Author
-
Martí, Genoveva, Martínez Fernández, José, and Universitat de Barcelona
- Subjects
Experimental methods ,Teoria (Filosofia) ,Theory (Philosophy) ,Contemporary philosophy ,Filosofia contemporània ,Mètodes experimentals - Abstract
Experimental philosophy "has rudely challenged the way professional philosophers like to think of themselves", for unlike traditional philosophers, who produce their theories by reasoning alone, the advocates of the new movement are "convinced that [they] can shed light on traditional philosophical problems by going out and gathering information about what people actually think and say." Those were Anthony Appiah's words, describing experimental philosophy for the general public, in 2007. There is no question that experimental philosophy, or X-Phi as it is usually known, a movement that started at the turn of the century, has been a source of controversy. Some philosophers have dismissed it as an inconsequential fad, whose impact on real philosophical theorizing is spurious. For some others, on the contrary, the results brought forward by X-Phi practitioners reveal how misguided the methods used by traditional philosophers are; how unmotivated, and unmotivating, their conclusions.
5. Philosophical Equilibrism, Rationality, and the Commitment Challenge
- Author
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Michele Palmira and Universitat de Barcelona
- Subjects
Philosophy ,Teoria (Filosofia) ,Teoria del coneixement ,Theory of knowledge ,Rationality ,Theory (Philosophy) ,Doxastic attitudes ,Sociology ,Epistemology - Abstract
Helen Beebee (2018) defends a view of the aims of philosophy she calls 'equilibrism'. Equilibrism denies that philosophy aims at knowledge, and maintains that the collective aim of philosophy is to find equilibria capable of withstanding examination. In this note, I probe equilibrism by focusing on how disagreement challenges our doxastic commitment to our own philosophical theories. Call this the Commitment Challenge. I argue that the Commitment Challenge comes in three varieties and that endorsing equilibrism provides us with an answer to one of them only.
6. Normative Cultures
- Author
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Neville, Robert C. and Neville, Robert C.
- Subjects
- Theory (Philosophy), Values, Philosophy, Comparative, Thought and thinking
- Abstract
This is a philosophic study of theory and practical reason focusing on social obligation and personal responsibility. It draws on Chinese as well as Western Traditions of philosophy.The great civilizations of the world are very different from one another, indeed more strangely different the closer they come in economic, social, and cultural interaction. Yet each claims to be a normative way of being human. At the very minimum human achievement requires competence in the conventions of one's own civilization. To be human is to participate in a conventional culture, and the normatively human conventional cultures are different. Here is the “clash of civilizations”: Without commitment to some conventions of civilized humanity, no one can be human; yet the conventions are different, perhaps even opposed.Two problems bring philosophy to the refiner's fire. How can we conceive of human culture across the differences of civilized cultures? This is a problem about the nature of theory itself. It calls for a new theory of theorizing that at once provides synoptic understanding and recognized differences and incommensurabilities. Many postmodern critics have thundered against theories that oppress by the value-laden bias of their own forms, and by the interest guiding their forms. Neville provides a theory of theories that responds to these challenges and addresses the problem of theorizing across different cultures.The other problem is how to exercise practical reason across cultures expressive of different civilizations. How can human beings be responsible in a world where all values seem culture-bound and the obvious solution seems to be moral relativism that trivializes responsibility? Neville presents a theory of practical reason oriented to objective norms determined cross-culturally and based on a Confucian sense of the ritual character of the most important levels of moral life.This book completes Neville's series, Axiology of Thinking, a trilogy of systematically related studies of valuation in four kinds of thinking: imagination, interpretation, theorizing, and the pursuit of responsibility. Reconstruction of Thinking and Recovery of the Measure, both published by SUNY Press, are companion volumes.Robert Cummings Neville is Professor of Philosophy, Religion, and Theology at Boston University where he is also Dean of the School of Theology. He is past president of the American Academy of Religion, the Metaphysical Society of America, and the International Society for Chinese Philosophy. Neville has also written Behind the Masks of God: An Essay Toward Comparative Theology; New Essays in Metaphysics; The Puritan Smile: A Look Toward Moral Reflection; and The Tao and the Daimon, all published by SUNY Press.
- Published
- 1995
7. Theory of Textuality, A : The Logic and Epistemology
- Author
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Gracia, Jorge J. E. and Gracia, Jorge J. E.
- Subjects
- Meaning (Philosophy), Criticism (Philosophy), Theory (Philosophy)
- Abstract
This book is just what it says it is: A theory of textuality divided into two parts, logical and epistemological.This is the first comprehensive and systematic theory of textuality that takes into account the relevant views of both analytic and Continental thinkers and also of major historical figures. The author shows that most of the confusion surrounding textuality is the result of three factors: a too-narrow understanding of the category; a lack of a proper distinction among logical, epistemological, and metaphysical issues; and a lack of proper grounding of epistemological and metaphysical questions on logic analyses.The author begins with a logical analysis of the notion of text resulting in a definition that serves as the basis for the distinctions he subsequently draws between texts on the one hand and language, artifacts, and art objects on the other; and for the classification of texts according to their modality and function. The second part of the book uses the conclusions of the first part to solve the various epistemological issues which have been raised about texts by philosophers of language, semioticians, hermeneuticists, literary critics, semanticists, aestheticians, and historiographers.Jorge J. E. Gracia is Professor in the Department of Philosophy at State University of New York at Buffalo. His other works include Philosophy and Literature in Latin America: A Critical Assessment of the Current Situation (with Mireye Camurati); Individuality: An essay on the Foundations of Metaphysics; Philosophy and Its History: Issues in Philosophical Historiography; Individuation in Scholasticism: The Later Middle Ages and the Counter-Reformation, 1150–1650; and Individuation and Identity in Early Modern Philosophy: Descartes to Kant (with Kenneth F. Barber), all published by SUNY Press.
- Published
- 1995
8. Texts : Ontological Status, Identity, Author, Audience
- Author
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Gracia, Jorge J. E. and Gracia, Jorge J. E.
- Subjects
- Criticism (Philosophy), Meaning (Philosophy), Hermeneutics, Theory (Philosophy)
- Abstract
Provides an ontological characterization of texts, explores the issues raised by the identity of various texts, and presents a view of the function of authors and audiences, and of their relations to texts.This book completes the theory of textuality whose logical and epistemological dimensions were presented in Gracia's book, A Theory of Textuality: The Logic and Epistemology (SUNY Press). It provides an ontological characterization of texts consistent with the conception of texts defended in the earlier book; it explores the issues raised by the identity of various texts; and it presents a view of the identity and function of authors and audiences and of their relations to texts. The discussion is systematic, comprehensive, and detailed. Gracia raises all of the important issues related to texts within the areas he explores and takes into account the pertinent literature. The style is argumentative and clear, and the position Gracia defends is based on common sense. He stays clear of the extreme views some contemporary authors have taken with respect to texts and textuality.This is the only book of its kind. It is the first to develop a comprehensive theory and to adopt an integrative approach where the issues and their solutions are seen as closely connected.Jorge J. E. Gracia is Professor in the Department of Philosophy at State University of New York at Buffalo. His other works include Philosophy and Literature in Latin America: A Critical Assessment of the Current Situation (with Mireye Camurati); Individuality: An Essay on the Foundations of Metaphysics; Philosophy and Its History: Issues in Philosophical Historiography; Individuation in Scholasticism: The Later Middle Ages and the Counter-Reformation, 1150–1650; Individuation and Identity in Early Modern Philosophy: Descartes to Kant (with Kenneth F. Barber), and A Theory of Textuality: The Logic and Epistemology, all published by SUNY Press.
- Published
- 1996
9. Mind's Bodies : Thought in the Act
- Author
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Lang, Berel and Lang, Berel
- Subjects
- Theory (Philosophy), Analysis (Philosophy)
- Abstract
Subverting the boundaries between philosophy and literature, this book addresses such topics as aesthetics, criticism, epistemology, and ethics and social theory.Mind's Bodies: Thought in the Act both marks and subverts the boundaries between philosophy and literature. On the analogy of the body-mind relation, Lang argues for the textual character of philosophical writing, addressing as grounds for that claim topics in aesthetics, criticism, ethics and social theory, and epistemology.Berel Lang is Professor of Philosophy and Humanistic Studies, State University of New York at Albany.
- Published
- 1995
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