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For the service value chain composed of service provider, service contractor and cloud service platform, an evolutionary game model is developed to improve its service quality considering the supervision of service platform. Firstly, the profit function is built in different strategies of all the game players, and then the profit matrix is also established. In order to create every individual’s evolutionary process, their replication dynamic equations are presented as well. Secondly, this work analyzes both the influence of related parameters on the decision of the game entities such as the strategic investment of entities and the gradual stability of the evolutionary game model. Moreover, the evolutionary stability strategy (ESS) of the different game players is obtained subsequently under the influence of different factors. The research results show that cloud service platform supervision can promote the high-quality service of service provider and service contractor. It can also push service provider to provide higher quality service through properly reducing the minimum service investment and its basic cost. At the same time, service contractor can provide high level service while increasing its service commitment.