Vaccines can help the body fight viruses by stimulating effective protective mechanisms, but they have disadvantages included low efficacy and immunogenicity, decreased stability, and the need for regular doses. Nanovaccines have been studied for their ability to induce a powerful immune reaction due to their nano-sized range, high antigen loading, improved immunogenicity, regulated antigen presentation, increased lymph node retention, and lower dosing frequency. Various forms of nanoparticles containing a variety of pathogenic or foreign antigens may help to reduce immunotolerance and eliminate the need for vaccinations, as is the case for conventional drugs. Nanovaccines can improve cell-mediated and antibody-mediated immunity, as well as immunologic memories over time. The different types of nanomaterials used in vaccine production, as well as their effects on immune system activation, have been explored, with a focus on their implications in various pathological conditions. In presented review articles discuss the different nanovaccine carriers (advantages and limitation), administration by transdermal route, its mechanism for stimulation of cellular and humoral immunity.