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Glucosinolates (Gls) are natural bioactive compounds that form metabolites called isothiocyanates (ITC) which have various therapeutic effects. This study aimed to isolate the glucosinolates of Carrichtera annua L.(DC) (CA) and Farsetia aegyptia Turra (FA) belonging to the Crucifereae family. Total Gls were isolated from the aqueous methanolic extract of the plants and further purified using an acidic aluminum oxide column. Some of the obtained Gls were identified via spectroscopic methods (UV, NMR, and MS) and the rest were hydrolyzed by myrosinase to the corresponding isothiocyanates (ITC) for identification by GC/MS. Only one Gls was identified in CA as 4-methylthio-3-butenyl Gls (MTBG) in addition to 6-methyl sulfonylhexyl isothiocyanates (ITC), while 6-methyl sulfonyl-6-hydroxy hexyl ITC, 4-pentenyl ITC, 3-methylthio propyl ITC, 5-hydroxy pentyl ITC and 4-methylsulphinyl butyl ITC were identified in FA. The Gls demonstrated high binding activity to α-glucosidase and amylase, good pharmacokinetic characteristics, and exerted no carcinogenetic effects.

The aim of the present research is the evaluation of the extraction process effect on the chemical composition, the antioxidant activities, and the mild steel corrosion inhibition ability of Argania spinosa’s extracts (alimentary oil (AO) and hexanic extract of roasted almonds (HERA)). The chemical composition revealed that both extracts have the same major compounds: Palmitic, linoleic, and stearic acids, with their order slightly different. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), weight loss measurements, and polarization curves were used to estimate AO and HERA’s mild steel corrosion’s inhibition capacity. Based on these three methods, AO registered, respectively, 81%, 87%, and 87% inhibition efficiency while HERA registered 78%, 84%, and 82% inhibition efficiency. The antioxidant activity of AO and HERA was examined in parallel with standard antioxidants (gallic acid and quercetin) using two assays: DPPH* scavenging assay and ferric reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP). AO had less EC50 in both techniques (DPPH*: 3559.08 ± 161.75 μg/mL; FRAP 1288.58 ± 169.21 μg/mL) than HERA (DPPH*: 3621.43 ± 316.05 μg/mL; FRAP 1655.86 ± 240.18 μg/mL). Quantum chemical and molecular dynamic studies were employed to suggest the adsorption mechanism.

This work aimed to synthesize safe antihyperglycemic derivatives bearing thiazolidinedione fragment based on spectral data. The DFT theory discussed the frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), chemical reactivity of compounds, and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) to explain interaction between thiazolidinediones and the biological receptor. α-amylase is known as the initiator-hydrolysis of the of polysaccharides; therefore, developing α-amylase inhibitors can open the way for a potential diabetes mellitus drug. The molecular docking simulation was performed into the active site of PPAR-γ and α-amylase. We evaluated in vitro α-amylase’s potency and radical scavenging ability. The compound 6 has the highest potency against α-amylase and radical scavenging compared to the reference drug and other members. They have been applied against anti-diabetic and anti-hyperlipidemic activity (in vivo) based on an alloxan-induced diabetic rat model during a 30-day treatment protocol. The most potent anti hyperglycemic members are 6 and 11 with reduction percentage of blood glucose level by 69.55% and 66.95%, respectively; compared with the normal control. Other members exhibited moderate to low anti-diabetic potency. All compounds showed a normal value against the tested biochemical parameters (CH, LDL, and HDL). The ADMET profile showed good oral bioavailability without any observed carcinogenesis effect.

Alkyl-xanthato gallium(III) complexes of the form [Ga(S2COR)3] where R= Me (1), Et (2), iPr (3), nPr (4), nBu (5), sBu (6) and iBu (7) have been synthesized and fully characterised. Crystal structures for 1 and 3-7 have been solved and their structures examined to elucidate if their structure is related to their decomposition. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to give insight into the decompostion temperatures for every complex. Unlike previously explored metal xanthate complexes which break down at low temperatures (< 250 °C), to form crystalline metal chalcogenides, powder X-ray diffraction measurements suggest that when R ≥ Et thesecomplexes did not produce crystalline gallium sulfide until heated to 500 °C, where the γ-Ga2S3 was the sole product formed. In the case of R = Me Chugeav elimination is unable to occur and amphorphous GaxSy products were formed. We conclude therefore that the low temperature synthesis route offered by the thermal decompsoition of metal xanthate precursors, which has been reported for many metal sulfide systems prior to this, may not be appropriate in the case of gallium sulfides.

Alkyl-xanthato gallium(iii) complexes of the form [Ga(S